Encuesta de Demografía y Salud 2001

Nicaragua, 2001

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NIC_2001_DHS_v01_M

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Instituto Nacional de Estadísticas y Censos (INEC ), Ministerio de Salud (MINSA)

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Dec 20, 2012

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The data from this study are used in the following publications:

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1 Girls, HIV/AIDS and education. : UNICEF, 2004.

2 United Nations. "Levels and trends of contraceptive use as assessed in 2002." 2006.

3 Progress for Children: Achieving the MDGs with equity. New York, USA: Unicef, 2010.

4 Rolling Back Malaria: The World Bank Global Strategy & Booster Program. : World Bank Publications, 2005.

5 The'Rights' start to life: a statistical analysis of birth registration. New York, NY/USA: Unicef, 2005.

6 Adsera, Alicia, and Alicia Menendez. "Fertility changes in Latin America in the context of economic and political uncertainty." XX Annual Conference of the European Society for Population Economics. Verona, Italy, 2006.

7 Åhman, Elisabeth, and Jelka Zupan. Neonatal and perinatal mortality: Country, regional and global estimates 2004. Geneva, Switzerland: WHO Department of Making Pregnancy Safer, 2004.

8 Ahman, Elizabeth, and Jelka Zupan. "Neonatal and perinatal mortality : country, regional and global estimates 2004." (2007) WHO Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data.

9 Ahmed, Saifuddin, Andreea A Creanga, Duff G Gillespie, and Amy O Tsui. "Economic status, education and empowerment: implications for maternal health service utilization in developing countries." PLoS One 5, no. 6 (2010): e1119.

10 Akachi, Yoko, and David Canning. "Inferring the economic standard of living and health from cohort height: Evidence from modern populations in developing countries." (2015) Economics & Human Biology.

11 Alarcón, Diana, and Marcos Robles. "The challenges of measuring child mortality when birth registration is incomplete." GLOBAL FORUM ON GENDER STATISTICS. Rome, Italy, 2007.

12 Ali, Mohamed M, John Cleland, and Iqbal H Shah. "Condom use within marriage: a neglected HIV intervention." Bulletin of the World Health Organization 82, no. 3 (2004): 180-186.

13 Alkire, Sabina, and Maria E Santos. "Acute multidimensional poverty: A new index for developing countries." (2010) OPHI Working Papers.

14 Anderson G, Kermyt. "Life expectancy and the timing of life history events in developing countries." Human Nature 21, no. 2 (2010): 103-123.

15 Arcand, Jean-Louis, and Matthias Rieger. "Parental height and the sex ratio." (2010) IHEID Working Papers, The Graduate Institute.

16 Baird, Sarah, Jed Friedman, and Norbert R Schady. "Aggregate income shocks and infant mortality in the developing world." (2007) World Bank Policy Research Working Paper.

17 Barria, R. Mauricio, and Hugo Amigo. "Transición Nutricional: una revisión del perfil latinoamericano." Arch latinoam nutr 56, no. 1 (2006): 3-11.

18 Benítez Molina, Juan Carlos, Juan Pablo Rud, and Lucio Castro. "Subregistro de nacimientos e indocumentación Metodología para su caracterización y la medición de costos económicos y sociales." (2010) Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo, Sector de Capacidad Institucional y Finanzas.

19 Berthelemy, Jean-Claude, and Juliette Seban. "Equity in Access to Health Services in Developing Countries." Revue d'economie du developpement 23, no. 5 (2009): 9-40.

20 Betràn, Ana P, Mario Merialdi, Jeremy A Lauer, Wang Bing-Shun, Jane Thomas, Paul Van Look, and Marsden Wagner. "Rates of caesarean section: analysis of global, regional and national estimates." Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology 21, no. 2 (2007): 98-113.

21 Bhalotra, Sonia, and Samantha Rawlings. "Intergenerational Persistence in Health in Developing Countries: Trends and Country Differences." (2010) University of Bristol.

22 Bhalotra, Sonia, and Samantha Rawlings. "The intergenerational correlation of health in developing countries." (2008) University of Bristol, UK.

23 Block, Steven A, William A Masters, and Priya Bhagowalia. "Child undernutrition, household poverty and national income in developing countries: Quantile regression results." Agricultural & Applied Economics Association 2010: AAEA,CAES, & WAEA Joint Annual Meeting. Denver, Colorado, USA, July 25-27, 2010.

24 Bloom, David, Elizabeth Cafiero, Mark McGovern, Klaus Prettner, Anderson Stanciole, Jonathan Weiss, Samuel Bakkila, and Larry Rosenberg. "The economic impact of non-communicable disease in China and India: Estimates, projections, and comparisons." (2013) IZA DP No. 7563.

25 Bloom, David, David Canning, Isabel Guenther, and Sebastian Linnemayr. "Mortality Expectations and Fertility Decisions." (2008) Harvar School of Public Heath, 140 Mt. Auburn St., Cambridge, MA.

26 Bloom, David E, David Canning, Isabel Gunther, and Sebastian Linnemayr. "Social interactions and fertility in developing countries." (2008) Program on the Global Demography of Aging (PGDA) Working Series.

27 Bongaarts, John. "Can Family Planning Programs Reduce High Desired Family Size in Sub-Saharan Africa?." International Perspectives on on Sexual and Reproductive Health 37, no. 4 (2011): 209-216.

28 Bongaarts, John. "Fertility transitions in developing countries: progress or stagnation?." Studies in Family Planning 39, no. 2 (2008): 105-110.

29 Bosch-Capblanch, Xavier, K Banerjee, and A Burton. "There are children not receiving a single dose of any vaccine: from ‘data to policy’in immunisation and health systems. Data quality and socio-economic determinants of unvaccination in low-and middle-income countries." AMC-University van Amsterdam, 2012.

30 Bosch-Capblanch, Xavier, K Banerjee, and A Burton. "Unvaccinated children in years of increasing coverage: how many and who are they? Evidence from 96 low-and middle-income countries." Tropical Medicine & International Health 17, no. 6 (2012): 697-710.

31 Bossert, Thomas, Andrew Mitchell, Ricardo Cardona, and Diana Bowser. USAID/Dialogue for social investment in Guatemala : Resource allocation options for financing in the health sector: International experience and lessons for Guatemala. Guatemala: USAID, 2009.

32 Bott, Sarah. "Social determinants of sexual and reproductive health: Informing future research and programme implementation." (2010) 8. Sexual violence and coercion: implications for sexual and reproductive health.

33 Bozon, Michel, Cecilia Gayet, and Jaime Barrientos. "A life course approach to patterns and trends in modern Latin American sexual behavior." (2009) JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes.

34 Bozzoli, Carlos, Angus Deaton, and Climent Quintana-Domeque. "Adult height and childhood disease." Demography 46, no. 4 (2009): 647-669.

35 Bozzoli, Carlos, Angus S Deaton, and Climent Quintana-Domeque. "Child mortality, income and adult height." (2007) NBER Working Paper Series.

36 Braddock, Meg, Corrine Grainger, and Fidel Moreira. Addressing the reproductive health needs and rights of young people since ICPD: The contribution of UNFPA and IPPF: Nicaragua country evaluation report. New York, USA: UNFPA and IPPF, 2003.

37 Brito, Steve, Ana Corbacho, and Rene Osorio Rivas. "Birth Registration: The Key to Social Inclusion in Latin America and the Caribbean." (2013) Inter-American Development Bank.

38 Brown W, David. "Child immunization cards: essential yet underutilized in national immunization programmes." (2012) Open Vaccine Journal.

39 Burroway A, Rebekah. "Structural violence and child health: A multi-level analysis of development, gender inequality, and democracy in developing countries." PhD Department of Sociology, Duke University Department of Sociology, 2011.

40 Caceres-Delpiano, Julio. "Impacts of family size on the family as a whole: Evidence from the developing world." The BE Journal of Economic Analysis & Policy 12, no. 1 (2012).

41 Caceres-Delpiano, Julio. "Is there a cost associated with an increase in family size beyond child investment? Evidence from developing countries." (2011) Banco de Espana Working Papers.

42 Caceres-Delpiano, Julio. "Keeping the best for last: Impact of fertility on mother's employment: Evidence from developing countries." (2008) Universidad Carlos III de Madrid Working Papers.

43 Cardoza V, Eliette. "Partner violence during pregnancy, psychosocial factors and child outcomes in Nicaragua." PhD Medicine, Umeå University, Sweden, 2005.

44 Carr, Dara. "Improving the health of the world's poorest people." (2004) Health Bulletin.

45 Castaldo, Adriana, Saskia Gent, Gunjan Sondhi, and Ann Whitehead. "Child Migration in National Surveys." (2009) Development Research Centre on Migration, Globalisation and Poverty Working Paper No. T-28.

46 Casterline, John B, and Jennifer A Mendoza. "Unwanted fertility in Latin America: historical trends, recent patterns." Annual Meeting of the Population Association of America. Detroit, USA, April-May 30-2, 2009.

47 Chackiel, Juan. "La dinámica demográfica en América Latina." (2004) Centro Latinoamericano y Caribeño de Demografía (CELADE): Serie población y desarrollo.

48 Channon, Andrew A, Sabu S Padmadas, and John W McDonald. "Measuring birth weight in developing countries: does the method of reporting in retrospective surveys matter?." Maternal and child health journal 15, no. 1 (2010): 12-18.

49 Clark, Shelley, Judith Bruce, and Annie Dude. "Protecting young women from HIV/AIDS: the case against child and adolescent marriage." (2006) International Family Planning Perspectives.

50 Cohen, Clara K, David E Horlacher, and F L MacKellar. "Is urbanization good for a nation’s health?." (2009)

51 Cornally, Jennifer, Tom Crowley, and Sally O’Neill. The impact of poverty reduction strategies on the rural sector in Honduras and Nicaragua. Rome, Italy: International Fund for Agricultural Development, 2004.

52 Corsi, Daniel, Melissa Neuman, Jocelyn Finlay, and S V Subramanian. "Demographic and health surveys: a profile." International journal of epidemiology 41, no. 6 (2012): 1602-1613.

53 Corsi, Daniel J, Jocelyn E Finlay, and S V Subramanian. "Global burden of double malnutrition: Has anyone seen it?." PLoS ONE 6, no. 9 (2011): e2512.

54 Cotlear, Daniel. "A new social contract for Peru: an agenda for improving education, health care, and the social safety net." (2006) 1. Improving education, health care, and social assistance for the poor.

55 Darroch, Jacqueline E, and Susheela Singh. Adding it up: The costs and benefits of investing in family planning and maternal and newborn health: Estimation methodology. New York City, USA: Guttmacher Institute, 2011.

56 Deaton, Angus. "Height, health, and development." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 104, no. 33 (2007).

57 Desai, Sonalde, and Kiersten Johnson. "Women’s Decisionmaking and Child Health: Familial and social hierarchies." (2005) A Focus on Gender.

58 Diallo B, Amadou. "Four essays on the links between poverty, inequality and heath with empircal application to developing countries: Africa compared to the rest of the world." Docteur ès Sciences Economiques, Université d’Auvergne, 2009.

59 Diallo, Amadou B, and Quentin Wodon. "Demographic transition towards smaller household sizes and basic infrastructure needs in developing countries." Economics Bulletin 15, no. 11 (2007): 1-11.

60 Dixon-Mueller, Ruth. "How young is “too young”? Comparative perspectives on adolescent sexual, marital, and reproductive transitions." Studies in Family Planning 39, no. 4 (2008): 247-262.

61 Drabo, Alassane, and Christian Ebeke. "Remittances, public health spending and foreign aid in the access to health care services in developing countries." (2011) Centre d’Etudes et de Recherches sur le Développement International (CERDI-CNRS).

62 Dudwick, Nora, Katy Hull, Roy Katayama, Forhad Shilpi, and Kenneth Simler. From farm to firm: Rural-urban transition in developing countries. Washington DC, USA: World Bank, 2011.

63 Duryea, Suzanne, Analía Olgiati, and Leslie Stone. "The under-registration of births in Latin America." (2006) Inter-American Development Bank Working Papers.

64 Ellsberg, Mary, Lori Heise, Rodolfo Pena, Sonia Agurto, and Anna Winkvist. "Research domestic violence against women: Methodological and ethical considerations." Studies in Family Planning 32, no. 1 (2001): 1-16.

65 Ergo, Alex, Davidson R Gwatkin, and Meera Shekar. "What difference do the new WHO Child Growth Standards make for the prevalence and socioeconomic distribution of undernutrition?." Food & Nutrition Bulletin 30, no. 1 (2009): 3-15.

66 Erreygers, Guido, Philip Clarke, and Tom Van Ourti. "“Mirror, mirror, on the wall, who in this land is fairest of all?”—Distributional sensitivity in the measurement of socioeconomic inequality of health." Journal of Health Economics 31, no. 1 (2012): 257-270.

67 Esteve Palós, Albert, Joan García Román, and Robert McCAA. "La Complementariedad de Censos Y Encuestas En La Estimación de Indicadores de Soltería." (2010) Papers de Demografia.

68 Fenn, Bridget R, Betty J Kirkwood, Zahra Popatia, and David Bradley. "Inequities in neonatal survival interventions: evidence from national surveys." Archives of disease in childhood. Fetal and neonatal edition 92, no. 5 (2007): F361.

69 Filmer, Deon, Jed Friedman, and Norbert Schady. "Development, modernization, and childbearing: the role of family sex composition." The World Bank Economic Review 23, no. 3 (2009): 371-3.

70 Filmer, Deon, Jed Friedman, and Norbert R Schady. "Development, modernization, and son preference in fertility decisions." (2008) World Bank Policy Research Working Paper.

71 Fink, Gunther, Isabel Gunther, and Kenneth Hill. Water, sanitation and child health - Evidence from the Demographic and Health Surveys 1986-2007. 2010.

72 Finlay, Jocelyn E, Emre Ozaltin, and David Canning. "The association of maternal age with infant mortality, child anthropometric failure, diarrhoea and anaemia for first births: evidence from 55 low-and middle-income countries." BMJ Open 1, no. 2 (2011).

73 Footman, K, L Benova, C Goodman, D Macleod, CA Lynch, L Penn-Kekana, and OMR Campbell. "Using multi-country household surveys to understand who provides reproductive and maternal health services in low-and middle-income countries: a critical appraisal of the Demographic and Health Surveys." Tropical medicine & international health 20, no. 5 (2015): 589-606.

74 Forsberg, Birger C, Max G Petzold, Goran Tomson, and Peter Allebeck. "Diarrhoea case management in low-and middle-income countries: an unfinished agenda." Bulletin of the World Health Organization 85, no. 1 (2007): 42-48.

75 Fuse, Kana. "Cross-national variation in attitudinal measures of gender preference for children: An examination of Demographic and Health Surveys from 40 countries." (2008) DHS Working Papers.

76 Fuse, Kana. "Variations in attitudinal gender preferences for children across 50 less-developed countries." Demographic Research 23, no. 36 (2010): 1031-1048.

77 Gakidou, Emmanuela, and Effy Vayena. "Use of modern contraception by the poor is falling behind." PLoS medicine 4, no. 2 (2007): e31.

78 Gakidou, Emmanuela, Shefali Oza, Cecilia V Fuertes, Amy Y Li, Diana K Lee, Angelica Sousa, Margaret C Hogan, Stephen V Hoorn, and Majid Ezzati. "Supplementary online content : Improving child survival through environmental and nutritional interventions: the importance of targeting interventions toward the poor.." The Journal of the American Medical Association 298, no. 16 (2007): 1876-1887.

79 Garrett, James L, and Marie T Ruel. "Stunted child-overweight mother pairs: Prevalence and association with economic development and urbanization." Food and Nutrition Bulletin 26, no. 2 (2005): 209-221.

80 Geale, Kirk. "The effects of mothers’ education on the nutritional outcomes of their children in Nicaragua." Studies by Undergraduate Researchers at Guelph 3, no. 2 (2010): 23-30.

81 Gordon, David, Michelle K Irving, Shailen Nandy, and Peter Townsend. "The extent and nature of absolute poverty." (2007)

82 Gordon, David, and Shailen Nandy. Absolute Child Poverty in Haiti in the 21st Century: Report for UNICEF Haiti. Bristol, UK: University of Bristol, 2007.

83 Gribble N, James. "Méthode des Jours Fixes pour la planification familiale: Une réponse au Caire." View Point 29, no. 4 (2003): 0-0.

84 Gribble N, James. "The standard days method of family planning: A response to Cairo." International Family Planning Perspectives 29, no. 4 (2003): 188-191.

85 Grimm, Michael, Kenneth Harttgen, Stephan Klasen, Mark Misselhorn, Teresa Munzi, and Timothy Smeeding. "Inequality in human development: An empirical assessment of 32 countries." Social indicators research 97, no. 2 (2009): 191-211.

86 Grogan, Louise, and Asha Sadanand. "Electrification and the household." (2009)

87 Guarcello, Lorenzo, Irina Kovrova, Scott Lyon, Marco Manacorda, and Furio C Rosati. "Towards consistency in child labour measurement: Assessing the comparability of estimates generated by different survey instruments." (2010) Understanding Children's Work Programme Working Paper.

88 Guliani, Harminder, Ardeshir Sepehri, and John Serieux. "What impact does contact with the prenatal care system have on women’s use of facility delivery? Evidence from low-income countries." Social Science & Medicine 74, no. 12 (2012): 1882-1890.

89 Guliani K, Harminder. "Three essays on the economics of maternal health care." PhD Department of Economics, University of Manitoba, 2012.

90 Gunther, Isabel, and Gunther Fink. "Water, sanitation and children's health: evidence from 172 DHS surveys." (2010) World Bank Policy Research Working Paper.

91 Guzmán, José Miguel, Jorge Rodríguez, Jorge Martínez, Juan Manuel Contreras, and Daniela González. "The demography of Latin America and the Caribbean since 1950." Population (english edition) 61, no. 5 (2006): 519-620.

92 Gwatkin, Davidson R, Shea Rutstein, Kiersten Johnson, Eldaw Suliman, Adam Wagstaff, and Agbessi Amouzou. "Socio-economic differences in health, nutrition, and population within developing countries." Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice 10, no. 4 (2007).

93 Gwatkin, Davidson R, Adam Wagstaff, and Abdo Yazbeck. Reaching the poor with health, nutrition, and population services: what works, what doesn't, and why. : World Bank Publications, 2005.

94 Harttgen, Kenneth, Stephan Klasen, and Sebastian Vollmer. "An African growth miracle? Or: what do asset indices tell us about trends in economic performance?." (2011) International Association for Research in Income and Wealth.

95 Heaton, Tim B, Renata Forste, John P Hoffmann, and Dallan Flake. "Cross-national variation in family influences on child health." Social science & medicine 60, no. 1 (2005): 97-108.

96 Hilber, Adriane M, Xavier Bosch-Capblanch, Christian Schindler, Lise Beck, Florence Sécula, Oran McKenzie, Sara Gari, Christina Stuckli, and Sonja Merten. Gender and immunisation. Basel, Switzerland: Swiss Centre for International Health, 2010.

97 Hruska, Allan J, and Carrie Osborne. NicaSalud & Umoyo Network: Lessons learned from establishing and managing health networks in Nicaragua and Malawi. Washington, DC, USA: NGO Networks for Health, 2003.

98 Jain, Saranga, and Kathleen Kurz. New insights on preventing child marriage: A global analysis of factors and programs. : International Center for Research on Women, 2007.

99 Jones-Smith, J. C, P. Gordon-Larsen, A. Siddiqi, and B. M Popkin. "Is the burden of overweight shifting to the poor across the globe? Time trends among women in 39 low-and middle-income countries (1991-2008)." International Journal of Obesity 36, no. 8 (2011): 1114-1120.

100 Kim, S. A, A. D Stein, and R. Martorell. "Country development and the association between parity and overweight." International journal of obesity 31, no. 5 (2006): 805-812.

101 Kliksberg, Bernardo. "The family in Latin America: Realities, questions and perspectives." Nineteenth Pan American Child Congress. Mexico City, Mexico, October 27-29, 2004.

102 Kojima, Masami, Robert Bacon, and Xin Zhou. "Who uses bottled gas? evidence from households in developing countries." (2011) Evidence from Households in Developing Countries (July 1, 2011). World Bank Policy Research Working Paper Series, Vol.

103 Korenromp, Eline. "Malaria incidence estimates at country level for the year 2004. Proposed estimates and draft report." (2005) World Health Organization, Roll Back Malaria. Geneva: WHO.

104 Kreider, Amanda, David Shapiro, Catherine Varner, and Malika Sinha. Socioeconomic progress and fertility transition in the developing world: Evidence from the Demographic and Health Surveys*. University Park, USA: Pennsylvania State University , 2009.

105 Kruk, Margaret E, Sandro Galea, Marta Prescott, and Lynn P Freedman. "Health care financing and utilization of maternal health services in developing countries." Health policy and planning 22, no. 5 (2007): 303.

106 Kruk, Margaret E, Marta R Prescott, Helen de Pinho, and Sandro Galea. "Equity and the child health Millennium Development Goal: the role of pro-poor health policies." Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health 65, no. 4 (2011): 327-333.

107 Lamberti, Laura M, Christa L Walker, and Robert E Black. "Systematic review of diarrhea duration and severity in children and adults in low-and middle-income countries." (2012) BMC Public Health.

108 Lieten, Georges Kristoffel. Children, structure and agency: realities across the developing world. : Routledge, 2008.

109 Lion, Katherine C, Ndola Prata, and Chris Stewart. "Adolescent childbearing in Nicaragua: a quantitative assessment of associated factors." International perspectives on sexual and reproductive health 35, no. 2 (2009): 91-96.

110 Lloyd B, Cynthia. Schooling and adolescent reproductive behavior in developing countries. : Millennium Project, 2006.

111 Lloyd B, Cynthia. "Social determinants of sexual and reproductive health: Informing future research and programme implementation." (2010) 7. The role of schools in promoting sexual and reproductive health among adolescents in developing countries.

112 Lutter, Chessa, Camila Chaparro, and Sergio Munoz. "Progress towards Millennium Development Goal 1 in Latin America and the Caribbean: the importance of the choice of indicator for undernutrition." Bulletin of the World Health Organization 89, no. 1 (2011): 22-30.

113 MacDonald H, Theodore. Third world health: Hostage to first world health. Oxon, UK: Radcliffe Publishing Ltd, 2005.

114 Malarcher, Shawn. "Social determinants of sexual and reproductive health: Informing future research and programme implementation." (2010) 1. A view of sexual and reproductive health through the equity lens.

115 Manji, A., R. Peña, and R. Dubrow. "Sex, condoms, gender roles, and HIV transmission knowledge among adolescents in Leon, Nicaragua: implications for HIV prevention." AIDS care 19, no. 8 (2007): 989-995.

116 Martinez, Rodrigo, and Andrés Fernandez. The cost of hunger: Social and economic impact of child undernutrition in Central America and the Dominican Republic. : ECLAC, 2008.

117 Mathers, Colin D, Christina Bernard, Kim M Iburg, Mie Inoue, Doris Ma Fat, Kenji Shibuya, Claudia Stein, Niels Tomijima, and Hongyi Xu. "Global burden of disease in 2002: data sources, methods and results." (2003) Global Programme on Evidence for Health Policy Discussion Paper.

118 Mathews, Shanaaz. "Understanding intimate femicide in South Africa." PhD, University of the Witwatersrand, 2010.

119 Meheus, F., and E. Van Doorslaer. "Achieving better measles immunization in developing countries: does higher coverage imply lower inequality?." Social Science & Medicine 66, no. 8 (2008): 1709-1718.

120 Menchini, Leonardo, and Giovanni Cornia. "The pace and distribution of health improvements during the last 40 years: some preliminary results." (2004) Centro Studi Luca D'Agliano Development Studies Working Papers.

121 Meuwissen, Liesbeth E, Anna C Gorter, Zoyla Segura, Arnold D Kester, and André Knottnerus. "Uncovering and responding to needs for sexual and reproductive health care among poor urban female adolescents in Nicaragua." Tropical Medicine & International Health 11, no. 12 (2006): 1858-1867.

122 Meuwissen, Liesbeth E, Anna C Gorter, Arnold D Kester, and Andre Knottnerus. "Can a comprehensive voucher programme prompt changes in doctors’ knowledge, attitudes and practices related to sexual and reproductive health care for adolescents? A case study from Latin America." Tropical Medicine & International Health 11, no. 6 (2006): 889-898.

123 Meuwissen, Liesbeth E, Anna C Gorter, Arnold D Kester, and Andre Knottnerus. "Does a competitive voucher program for adolescents improve the quality of reproductive health care? A simulated patient study in Nicaragua." BMC Public Health 6, no. 204 (2006).

124 Misselhorn, Mark. Measurement of poverty, undernutrition and child mortality. Frankfurt, Germany: Lang, Peter, Gmbh, Internationaler Verlag Der Wissenschaften, 2008.

125 Misselhorn, Michael, Stephan Klasen, Kenneth Harttgen, and Mark Grimm. "A human development index by income groups." Proceedings of the German Development Economics Conference. Gottingen, Germany, January 19, 2007.

126 Mora, Jose, Eerik Boy, Chessa Lutter, and Ruben Grajeda. Anemia in Latin America and the Caribbean, 2009: Situation analysis, trends and implications for public health programming. Washington, DC: Pan American Health Organization, 2010.

127 Mora O, Jose. Integrated Anemia Control Strategy has significantly reduced anemia in women and children in Nicaragua. Ottawa, Canada: Micronutrient Initiative, 2007.

128 Moradi, Alexander. "Selective mortality or growth after childhood? What really is key to understand the puzzlingly tall adult heights in Sub-Saharan Africa." (2010) CSAE Working Paper Series.

129 Morrison, Andrew, Mary Ellsberg, and Sara Bott. "Addressing gender-based violence in the Latin American and Caribbean Region: A critical review of interventions." (2004) Policy Research Working Paper Series.

130 Moser, Kath, Chris Frost, and David A Leon. "Comparing health inequalities across time and place—rate ratios and rate differences lead to different conclusions: analysis of cross-sectional data from 22 countries 1991-2001." International journal of epidemiology 36, no. 6 (2007): 1285-1291.

131 Neuman, Melissa, Jocelyn E Finlay, George D Smith, and SV Subramanian. "The poor stay thinner: stable socioeconomic gradients in BMI among women in lower-and middle-income countries." The American journal of clinical nutrition 94, no. 5 (2011): 1348-1357.

132 Neuman, Melissa, Ichiro Kawachi, Steven Gortmaker, and S.V. Subramanian. "Urban-rural differences in BMI in low-and middle-income countries: the role of socioeconomic status." The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 97, no. 2 (2013): 428-436.

133 Nosseir, Nazek. Family in the new millennium: major trends affecting families in North Africa. : United Nations, 2003.

134 Ortayli, Nuriye, and Shawn Malarcher. "Equity analysis: identifying who benefits from family planning programs." Studies in Family Planning 41, no. 2 (2010): 101-108.

135 Ostby, Gudrun. "Dissaggregated inequalities and conflict in developing countries." Polarization and Conflict (PAC) Winter Meeting. Konstanz, Germany, June 2-5, 2005.

136 Ostby, Gudrun. "Horizontal inequalities, political environment and civil conflict: evidence from 55 developing countries." (2006) Centre for Research on Inequality, Human Security and Ethnicity (CRISE). Working Paper.

137 Ostby, Gudrun. "Horizontal inequalities, political environment, and civil conflict: evidence from 55 developing countries, 1986-2003." (2007) World Bank Policy Research Working Paper.

138 Ostby, Gudrun. "Inequality, institutions, and instability: Horizontal inequalities, political institutions, and civil conflict in developing countries 1986–2003." 1 st PIDDCP (Political Institutions, Development and a Domestic Civil Peace) Workshop. Oxford, UK, November 10-12, 2005.

139 Ozaltin, Emre, Kenneth Hill, and S V Subramanian. "Association of maternal stature with offspring mortality, underweight, and stunting in low-to middle-income countries." JAMA: the journal of the American Medical Association 303, no. 15 (2010): 1507-1516.

140 Pallitto, Christina, and Claudia García-Moreno. "Family problems and family violence: Reliable assessment and the ICD-11." (2013) Chapter 2: Intimate partner violence and its measurement: Global considerations.

141 Pullum W, Thomas. "An assessment of the quality of data on health and nutrition in the DHS Surveys, 1993-2003." (2008) DHS Methodological Reports.

142 Rajaratnam, Julie K, Linda N Tran, Alan D Lopez, and Christopher J Murray. "Measuring under-five mortality: validation of new low-cost methods." PLoS medicine 7, no. 4 (2010): e1000.

143 Regalía, Ferdinando, and Leslie Castro. "Performance-based incentives for health: demand-and supply-side incentives in the Nicaraguan Red de Protección Social." (2007) Center for Global Development Working Paper.

144 Remez, Lisa, Susheela Singh, and Elena Prada. "Trends in adolescent unions and childbearing in four Central American countries." Poblacion y Salud en Mesoamerica , no. 1 (2009).

145 Ronsmans, Carine, Sara Holtz, and Cynthia Stanton. "Socioeconomic differentials in caesarean rates in developing countries: a retrospective analysis." The Lancet 368, no. 9546 (2006): 1516-1523.

146 Rutstein O, Shea. "Further evidence of the effects of preceding birth intervals on neonatal, infant, and under-five-years mortality and nutritional status in developing countries: Evidence from the Demographic and Health Surveys." (2008) DHS Working Papers.

147 Sahn, David E, and Stephen D Younger. "Testing the Kuznets curve for countries and households using the body mass index." WIDER Conference on Advancing Health Equity. Helsinki, Finland, September 29-30, 2006.

148 Sahn, David E, and Stephen D Younger. "Changes in inequality and poverty in Latin America: looking beyond income to health and education." Journal of Applied Economics 9, no. 2 (2006): 215-233.

149 Sakisaka, Kayako, Masamine Jimba, and Kyo Hanada. "Changing poor mothers' care-seeking behaviors in response to childhood illness: findings from a cross-sectional study in Granada, Nicaragua." BMC international health and human rights 10, no. 10 (2010).

150 Schady, Norbert, and Marc F Smitz. Aggregate economic shocks and infant mortality: New evidence for middle-income countries. Washington, DC, USA: The World Bank, 2009.

151 Sedgh, Gilda, Rubina Hussain, Akinrinola Bankole, and Susheela Singh. Women with an unmet need for contraception in developing countries and their reasons for not using a method. New York, USA: Guttmacher Institute, 2007.

152 Shapiro, David, Amanda Kreider, Catherine Varner, and Malika Sinha. "Stalling of fertility transitions and socioeconomic change in the developing world: evidence from the demographic and health surveys." 36th Chaire Quetelet, Annual Symposium in Demography. Louvain la Neuve, Belgium, November, 2010.

153 Smits, Jeroen, and Christiaan Monden. "Twinning across the developing world." PLoS ONE 6, no. 9 (2011): e2523.

154 Smits, Jeroen, and Roel Steendijk. "The International Wealth Index (IWI)." (2012)

155 Storeygard, Adam, Deborah Balk, Marc Levy, and Glenn Deane. "The global distribution of infant mortality: a subnational spatial view." Population, space and place 14, no. 3 (2008): 209-229.

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