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World Bank Enterprise Survey 2022

Pakistan, 2022
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PAK_2022_WBES_v01_M
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World Bank Group (WBG)
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Jan 22, 2025
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Jan 22, 2025
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Data file: Pakistan-2022-full-data.dta

Pakistan 2022 World Bank Enterprise Survey full data

Cases: 1300
Variables: 434

Variables

idstd
WEB STD FIRMID
id
Firm ID
a4a
Industry Sampling Sector
a6a
Sampling Size
a2
Sampling Region
panel
Panel Code
a4b_v4
Industry Screener Sector
a0
Questionnaire
a3a
Region of The Establishment
a6c
Screener Size
a6b
Screener Size, Categorical
a14d
Day
a14m
Month
a14y
Year
a14h
Hour
a14min
Minutes
a1
Country Code
a12
Interviewer Number
a1a
Language of The Interview
a1c
Sample Frame Level
competition_select
Random selection for market competition question
tax_select
Random selection for market tax compliance question
vat_applicable
VAT is applicable in economy
a7
Establishment part of a multi-establishment Firm?
a7a
Number of Establishments In The Firm
a7b
Is This Establishment The Headquarters Location?
a11
If Hq, Financial Statements Independent of The Rest of Establishment
a7c
Does This Headquarters Location Engage In Production or Sales At This Location?
a9
Establishment'S Financial Statements Prepared Separately From Hq Statements
a20y
Close Year of The Last Completed Fiscal Year
a20m
Close Month of The Last Completed Fiscal Year
a20d
Close Day of The Last Completed Fiscal Year
b1
Legal Status of The Firm
b1x
Other (Specify)
b3
What Percentage of This Firm Does The Largest Owner(S) Own?
b3a
Is the largest owner also the top manager
b2a
% Owned By Private Domestic Individuals, Companies or organizations
b2b
% Owned By Private Foreign Individuals, Companies or organizations
b2c
% Owned By Government/State
b2d
% Owned By Other
b4
Amongst The Owners of The Firm, Are There Any Females?
b4a
% of The Firm Owned By Females
b5
Year Establishment Began Operations
b6
Number of Full-Time Employees of The Establishment When It Started Operations
b6b
In What Year Was This Establishment Formally Registered?
b7
How Many Years of Experience Working In This Sector Does The Top Manager Have?
b7a
Is The Top Manager Female?
b8
Does Establishment Have An Internationally-Recognized Quality Certification?
b8x
Specify The Internationally-Recognized Quality Certifications
c3
Application To Obtain An Electrical Connection Submitted Over The Last 2 Years
c4
How Many Days Did It Take For You To Receive An Electrical Connection Service?
c5
Informal Gift/Payment Expected or Requested For An Electrical Connection?
c31
Cost to obtain electrical connection
c32
Electricity consumption in a typical month (kWh)
c6
Over Last FY, Did This Establishment Experience Power Outages?
c7
Number of Power Outages Experienced In A Typical Month In Last Fiscal Year
c8a
Average Duration of Power Outages: Hours
c8b
Average Duration of Power Outages: Minutes
c9a
In Last FY, Losses As % of Annual Sales Due To Power Outages
c9b
In Last FY, Value of Losses Due To Power Outages
c10
Generator Shared or Owned Over The Course of Last Fiscal Year?
c11
% Electricity From Generator Owned/Shared By The Establishment In Last FY
PK1
Total cost of electricity from generators
PK2
In last FY, own or share a solar or wind farm
PK3
% Electricity from owned solar or wind farm
PK4
Total cost of electricity generation from solar or wind farm
PK5
How did this establishment cope with electricity prices in last FY?
c12
Application To Obtain A Water Connection Submitted Over The Last 2 Years
c13
How Many Days Did It Take For You To Obtain A Water Connection?
c14
When You Applied For A Water Connection, Was An Informal Gift/Payment Requested?
c33
Cost to obtain water connection
c34
Water consumption in a typical month
c34b
Unit measure of answer to C34
c34bx
Other (Specify)
c15
Did You Experience Insufficient Water Supply For Production In Last FY?
c152
Did You Experience Insufficient Water Supply In Last FY?
c16
Frequency of Incidents of Water Shortages In A Typical Month In Last FY
c162
Frequency of Incidents of Water Shortages In A Typical Month In Last FY
c17
Average Length of Water Shortages (Affecting Production) In Last Fiscal Year
c172
Average Length of Water Shortages In Last Fiscal Year
c35a
In Last FY, Losses As % of Annual Sales Due To Water Shortages
c35b
In Last FY, Value of Losses Due To Water Shortages
c22b
Establishment Has Its Own Website
c36
Application To Obtain Fixed Broadband Internet Connection Over The Last 2 Years
c37
How Many Days Did It Take For You To Obtain Internet Connection?
c38
Cost to obtain Internet connection
c39
Did You Experience Internet Disruptions In Last FY?
c40a
Average Length of Internet Disruptions: Hours
c40b
Average Length of Internet Disruptions: Minutes
c41a
In Last FY, Losses As % of Annual Sales Due To Internet Disruptions
c41b
In Last FY, Value of Losses Due To Internet Disruptions
c42
How difficult to switch internet providers?
c30a
How Much of An Obstacle: Electricity To Operations of This Establishment?
d1a1a
Establishment'S Main Product/Service Last FY
d1a1x
Main Product/Service (By The Largest % of Annual Sales) In Last Fiscal Year
d1a6a
Total number of hotel rooms in the last FY
d1a6b
Total areas of rooms in the last FY
d1a6c
Specify units
d1a6cx
Other (Specify)
d1a3
Main Product/Service: Percent of Total Annual Sales
d2
In Last Fiscal Year, What Were This Establishment’S Total Annual Sales?
d2x
Please Also Write Out The Number
d2a1
What were the establishment's sales 2 years ago?
d2a1x
Please Also Write Out The Number
n3
What were the establishment's sales 3 years ago?
d3a
% of Sales: National Sales
d3b
% of Sales: Indirect Exports
d3c
% of Sales: Direct Exports
d31x
Main destination of exports (country code)
d32
Main point of exit
d4
In Last FY, Avg. Num. of Days For Exported Goods To Clear Customs?
d4a
In Last FY, Avg. Num. of Days For Exported Goods To Clear Customs?
d4b
If less than a day, total hours for exported goods to clear customs
d5a
In Clearing Exports Through Customs,Informal Gift/Payment Expected or Requested?
PK6
Biggest constraints within Pakistan to direct exports
PK7
Biggest constraint in export destinations
d33a
In Last FY, Avg. Num. of Days For Exported Goods To Clear all border control age
d33b
If less than a day, total hours for exported goods to clear all border control a
d34
FCA costs to comply with all export requirements (% of value of goods exported)
d35
Any exports shipped by main parcel?
d36a
In Last FY, Avg. Num. of Days For Exported Goods To Clear all border control age
d36b
If less than a day, total hours for exported goods to clear all border control a
d37
Average cost of digital exports (% of value of goods)
d8
In What Year Did This Establishment First Export Directly or Indirectly?
d10
In Last FY, % of Value of Products Lost In Transit Due To Theft
d11
In Last FY, % of Value of Products Lost In Transit Due To Breakage or Spoilage?
PK8
In Last FY, main reason did not export
d12a
% of Material Inputs And Supplies of Domestic origin In Last Fiscal Year
d12b
% of Material Inputs And Supplies of Foreign origin In Last Fiscal Year
d13
Were Any of These Material Inputs And Supplies Imported Directly?
d38x
Main origin of imports (country code)
d39
Main point of entry
d14a
Avg. Num. of Days For Imported Goods To Clear Customs In Last Fiscal Year
d14b
If less than a day, total hours for imported goods to clear customs
d14
Calculated variable of type Double
d15a
In Clearing Imports Through Customs,Informal Gift/Payment Expected or Requested?
d40a
In Last FY, Avg. Num. of Days For Imported Goods To Clear all border control age
d40b
If less than a day, total hours for imported goods to clear all border control a
d41
DAP costs to comply with all import requirements (% of value of goods imported)
PK9
In Last FY, why not purchase inputs domestically?
d30a
How Much of An Obstacle: Transport?
d30b
How Much of An Obstacle: Customs And Trade Regulations?
o1
In the last three years, establishment had any commercial dispute?
o2
Use of courts, arbitration etc. to (or attempt to ) resolve commercial dispute?
o3a
Reliable alternative to courts for resolving commercial disputes: Arbitration?
o3b
Reliable alternative to courts for resolving commercial disputes:Mediation etc.?
r1
What Happened When Problem In The Production Process/Services Provision Arose?
r2
Did This Establishment Monitor Any Production/Service Performance Indicators?
r3
How Many Production/Service Provision Performance Indicators Were Monitored?
r4
Did This Establishment Have Production/Service Provision Targets?
r5
What Best Describes The Time Frame of Production/Service Provision Targets?
r6
How Easy To Achieve Its Production/Service Provision Targets?
r7
Who Was Aware of The Production/Service Provision Targets At This Establishment?
r8
Was There Performance Bonuses Based On Production/Service Provision Targets?
r9
What Were Managers' Performance Bonuses Usually Based On?
r10
What Was The Primary Way Non-Managers Were Promoted?
r11
When Was An Under-Performing Non-Manager Reassigned or Dismissed?
e1
In Last FY, Main Market For Establishment'S Main Product
e2b
Competitors For The Main Product/Service In The Main Market
e31a
Market share of largest competitor in the last fiscal year
e31b
Market share of largest competitor in the last fiscal year
e6
Do You Use Technology Licensed From A Foreign-Owned Company?
PK10
In Last FY, main type of client had in main market
PK11a
Over last 3 years, received tax breaks from government
PK11b
Over last 3 years, received input subsidies from government
PK11c
Over last 3 years, received wage subsidies from government
PK11d
Over last 3 years, received R and D tax incentive from government
PK11e
Over last 3 years, received concessional finance from government
PK12
In Last FY, reduced prices in response to competitors?
PK13
Describe main competitor for the firm
PK14
Characteristics of competitors that is main obstacle
PK15
Market interventions that present largest constraints
e11
Does This Establishment Compete Against Unregistered or Informal Firms?
e32
Change in competition in the last year?
e33
Establishment can increase prices more than competitors without losing customers
e34
SOEs operating in the establishment's main market?
e35
How SOE affects ability to grow and expand?
e30
How Much of An Obstacle: Practices of Competitors In Informal Sector?
h1
New Products/Services Introduced Over Last 3 Yrs
h2
New Products/Services Also New For Thr Establishment'S Main Market
h3x
Describe In Detail The Main New or Significantly Improved Product or Service
h4x
Describe How The Main New/Significantly Improved Product or Service Is Different
PK16
Why did this establishment introduce this new product or service
h5
During Last 3 Yrs, Establishment Introduced New/Significantly Improved Process
h6x
Describe Main New/Significantly Improved Process This Establishment Introduced
h7x
How The Main New/Significantly Improved Process Is Different
PK17
Why did this establishment introduce new innovative process
PK18
During last 3 yrs, did competitors motivate innovation?
PK19
Which competitors were most important to innovation?
PK20
During last 3 yrs, did suppliers motivate innovation?
PK21
Which suppliers were most important to innovation?
PK22
During last 3 yrs, did clients motivate innovation?
PK23
Which clients motivated innovation?
PK24a
How important to lack of innovation: funds
PK24b
How important to lack of innovation: finance
PK24c
How important to lack of innovation: high costs
PK24d
How important to lack of innovation: personnel
PK24e
How important to lack of innovation: technology information
PK24f
How important to lack of innovation: market information
PK24g
How important to lack of innovation: finding partners
PK24h
How important to lack of innovation: established enterprises
PK24i
How important to lack of innovation: uncertain demand
PK24j
How important to lack of innovation: no need
PK24k
How important to lack of innovation: Other
PK24kx
Other (Specify)
h8
During Last Fiscal Year, Establishment Spent On R&D (Excl Market Research)?
h9
How Much Spent On R&D, Either In-House or External?
PK25
Does the firm use an internet connection?
f1
In Last FY, What Was The Capacity Utilization (%) of This Establishment?
f2
F.2. And, how many hours per week did this establishment normally operate? INT
PK26a
Main factor in settling this location
PK26b
Second mian factor in settling this location
g6a
Percentage of The Building Occupied: Owned By This Establishment
g1a
Percentage of The Land Occupied: Owned By This Establishment
g2
Applic. To Obtain A Construction-Related Permit Submitted Over The Last 2 Years
g3
How Many Days Did It Take For You To Obtain A Construction-Related Permit?
g4
Informal Gift/Payment Expected or Requested For A Construction-Related Permit
g31
In last 2 years, establishment applied for occupancy permit
g32
Wait for occupancy permit
g33
Cost of occupancy permit
g5a
What Is The Total Selling Area In This Establishment?
g5b
The Area Is Measured In:
g5bx
Specify Other Units (If Not Included Above) The Area Is Measured In
g30a
How Much of An Obstacle: Access To Land?
ge3
Experience damage of physical assets due to extreme weather events?
ge3a
Monetary damage of physical assets?
ge7
Over the last 3 years, establishment monitor its CO2 emissions?
ge8d
Over last 3 years, establishment adopt energy management measures?
i1
I.1. In fiscal year %d2fy%, did this establishment pay for security, for example
i2a
Percentage of Total Annual Sales Paid For Security In Last Fiscal Year
i2b
In Last Fiscal Year, What Is The Total Annual Cost of Security?
i3
Losses Due To Theft, Robbery, Vandalism or Arson Experienced In Last Fiscal Year
i4a
Losses Due To Theft, Robbery, Vandalism or Arson In Last FY (% of Sales)
i4b
Value of Losses Due To Theft, Robbery, Vandalism or Arson In Last FY
i30
How Much of An Obstacle: Crime, Theft And Disorder?
PK27
Does this firm use mobile money?
k3a
% of Working Capital Financed From Internal Funds/Retained Earnings
k3bc
% of Working Capital Borrowed From Banks
k3e
% of Working Capital Borrowed From Non-Bank Financial Institutions
k3f
% of Working Capital Purchased On Credit/Advances From Suppliers /Customers
k3hd
% of Working Capital Financed By Other (Money Lenders, Friends, Relatives, Etc)
k4
Did This Establishment Purchase Any Fixed Assets In Last FY?
n5a
Total Annual Expenditure For Purchases of Equipment In Last FY
n5b
Total Annual Expenditure For Purchases of Land And Buildings In Last FY
k5a
Last FY, % Fixed Assets Funded By: Internal Funds/Retained Earnings
k5a1
Fixed Assets - Value Internal Funds or Retained Earnings
k5i
Last FY, % Fixed Assets Funded By: Owners’ Contributions or Issued New Equity
k5i1
Fixed Assets - Value Owners’ Contribution or Issued New Equity Shares
k5bc
Last FY, % Fixed Assets Funded By: Bank Borrowing
k5bc1
Fixed Assets - Value Borrowed From Banks
k5e
Last FY, % Fixed Assets Funded By: Non-Bank Financial Institutions
k5e1
Fixed Assets - Value Borrowed From Non-Bank Financial Institutions
k5f
Last FY, % Fixed Assets Funded By: Credit From Suppliers/Advances From Customers
k5f1
Fixed Assets - Value Purchases On Credit From Suppliers, Advances From Customers
k5hdj
Last FY, % Fixed Assets Funded By: Other (Money Lenders\Friends\Relatives\Etc)
k5hdj1
Fixed Assets - Value Other
k4b
Purchase Any New/Used Fixed Assets?
n5c
Total Annual Expenditure For Purchases of Equipment In Year Prior To Last FY
n5d
Total Annual Expenditure On Land And Buildings In Year Prior To Last FY
k6
Does This Establishment Have A Checking And\or Saving Account?
k7
At This Time, Does This Establishment Have An Overdraft Facility?
k82
Establishment Has A Line of Credit or Loan From A Financial Institution?
k9
Type of Financial Institution That Granted The Line of Credit or Loan
k10
Year When The Most Recent Loan/Line of Credit Approved
k11
For The Most Recent Loan, What Was The Value At The Time of Approval?
k13
Financing Required For The Most Recent Line of Credit or Loan
k14a
Type of Collateral Required For The Most Recent Loan? Land, Buildings
k14b
Type of Collateral Required For The Most Recent Loan? Equipment
k14c
Type of Collateral Required For The Most Recent Loan? Accounts
k14d
Type of Collateral Required For The Most Recent Loan? Personal Assets
k14e
Type of Collateral Required For The Most Recent Loan? Other
k15a
Value of Collateral Required For The Most Recent Credit/Loan
k15b
Total Number of Open Lines of Credit and Outstanding Loans
k15c
Total Outstanding Balance of All Open Lines of Credit and Loans (LCU)
PK28
Does the firm owe any debt to informal sources?
PK29
What percentage of debt owed to informal sources?
k15d
Outstanding Personal Loans Used To Finance Establishment'S Business Activities?
k162
In Last FY, Did Establishment Apply For New Loans/Lines of Credit?
k17
Main Reason For Not Applying For New Loans or New Lines of Credit
PKk17
Main Reason For Not Applying For New Loans or New Lines of Credit - localized
k20a1
What Was The Outcome of That Most Recent Application For Loan/Line of Credit?
k31
Total cost to apply for most recent loan
k32
Days to receive a decision about most recent loan application
k21
Financial Statements Checked & Certified By External Auditor In Last FY?
k33
Percentage of payments received using e-payments
k34
Main type of e-payment accepted
k35
Avg. days to receive main type of e-payment
k36
Cost per transaction (% of transaction) to receive main type of e-payment
k37
Monthly fees and subscription costs to receive main type of e-payment
k38
Percentage of payments made using e-payments
k39
Main type of e-payment used to make payments
k40
Cost per transaction (% of transaction) to make main type of e-payment
k30
How Much of An Obstacle: Access To Finance
h7a
J.1. Please tell me if you Strongly disagree, Tend to disagree, Tend to agree, o
j31
In resolving commercial disputes, courts are independent and impartial
PK30a
Regular payment of taxes by businesses like mine helps society
PK30b
Most firms pay taxes among firms operating in my market
PK30c
Not paying taxes is frowned upon among firms operating in my market
j2
What % of Senior Management Time Was Spent In Dealing With Govt Regulations?
PK31a
Predictability of government agents' actions
Total: 434
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