Socio-Economic Conditions Survey 2018
West Bank and Gaza, 2018
Get MicrodataIdentification
WBG_2018_SECS_v01_M
Socio-Economic Conditions Survey 2018
| Name | Country code |
|---|---|
| West Bank and Gaza | WBG |
Socio-Economic/Monitoring Survey [hh/sems]
The survey of monitoring the social and economic conditions of Palestinian families in Palestine has been implemented more than once by the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics, as it has been implemented periodically for 7 rounds since 2009 till 2018.
Socio-Economic Conditions Survey 2018 is a key Palestinian official statistical aspects; it also falls within the mandate of the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics (PCBS) to provide updated statistical data on the society conditions and provide data on the most important changes in socio-economic indicators and its trends. The survey came in response to users' needs for social and economic statistical data, and in line with the national policy agenda and the sustainable development agenda. The indicators of Socio-Economic Conditions Survey 2018 covers many socio-economic and environmental aspects, and establishes a comprehensive database on those indicators. Its coverage of a set of sustainable development indicators that are considered as a national and international entitlement. The objective of this survey is to provide a comprehensive database on the most important changes that have taken place in the system of social and economic indicators that PCBS works on, which covers many socio-economic and environmental indicators. It also responds to the needs of many partners and users.The indicators that have been worked on in this survey cover the demographic characteristics of household members, characteristics of the housing unit where household lives, household income, expenses, and consumption, agricultural and economic activities of households, methods used by households to withstand and adapt to their economic conditions, availability of basic services to Palestinian households, assistance received by households and assessment of such assistance, the needs of the Palestinian households to be able to withstand the conditions, the reality of the Palestinian individual's suffering and the quality of life, sustainable development objectives for the survey's relevant indicators.
Sample survey data [ssd]
Households, and individuals
Version
V0.1: public use file
2019-04-16
Scope
The scope that have been worked on in this survey cover the demographic characteristics of household members, characteristics of the housing unit where household lives, household income, expenses, and consumption, agricultural and economic activities of households, methods used by households to withstand and adapt to their economic conditions, availability of basic services to Palestinian households, assistance received by households and assessment of such assistance, the needs of the Palestinian households to be able to withstand the conditions, the reality of the Palestinian individual's suffering and the quality of life, sustainable development objectives for the survey's relevant indicators.
| Topic | Vocabulary | URI |
|---|---|---|
| social exclusion [12.9] | CESSDA | http://www.nesstar.org/rdf/common |
Coverage
National level: State of Palestine.
Region level: (West Bank, and Gaza Strip).
The target population includes all Palestinian households and individuals with regular residency in Palestine during the survey's period (2018).
Producers and sponsors
| Name | Affiliation |
|---|---|
| Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics | State of Palestine |
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Union of Agricultural Work Committees | Union of Agricultural Work Committees | Technical assistance |
| Food and Agriculture Organization | Food and Agriculture Organization | Technical assistance |
| World Food Program | World Food Program | Technical assistance |
| The Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia | The Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia | Technical assistance |
| Name | Role |
|---|---|
| Union of Agricultural Work Committees | Financing the survey |
| Food and Agriculture Organization | Financing the survey |
| World Food Program | Financing the survey |
| The Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia | Financing the survey |
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Union of Agricultural Work Committees | Union of Agricultural Work Committees | Financing the survey |
| Food and Agriculture Organization | Food and Agriculture Organization | Financing the survey |
| World Food Program | World Food Program | Financing the survey |
| The Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia | World Food Program | Financing the survey |
Sampling
Sampling and Frame
The Sample of the survey is a three-stage stratified cluster systematic random sample of households residing in Palestine.
Target Population
The target population includes all Palestinian households and individuals with regular residency in Palestine during the survey's period (2018). Focus was given to individuals aged 18 years and above to complete an annex to the questionnaire, designed for this age group.
Sampling Framework
In previous survey rounds, sampling was based on census 2007, which includes a list of enumeration areas. An enumeration area is a geographic region with buildings and housing units averaging 124 housing units. In the survey design, they are considered as Primary Sampling Units (PSUs) at the first stage of selecting the sample. Enumeration areas of 2007 were adapted to the enumeration areas of 2017 to be used in future survey rounds.
Target sample buildings were set up in 2015 electronically by using Geographic Information Systems (GIS), where the geospatial join tool was used within ArcMap 10.6 to identify the buildings selected in the first stage of the sample design of 8,225 households taken from the general frame buildings for enumeration areas of 2007 which falls within the boundaries of enumeration areas that were updated during the population, housing and establishments census 2017. Only the buildings for the year 2017 were used to link the sites of the sample buildings to the targeted enumeration areas, to ensure tracking households that moved after 2015.
Sample Size
The survey sample comprised 11,008 households at the total level, where 9,926 households responded, they are divided as follows:
- Fixing the sample of the survey on the Impact of Israeli Aggression on Gaza Strip in 2014 and Socio-Economic Conditions of the Palestinian Households - Main Findings, which was conducted in 2015, with a sample of 8,225 households in the previous round (household-panel),where 7,587 households responded.
- Sample of new households that consisted of separated individuals (split households) totaled 2,783 households, where 2,339 households responded.
Sample Design
Three-stage stratified cluster systematic random sample:
- Stage I: Selection of enumeration areas represented in the previous round of the survey on the socioeconomic conditions 2015 including 337 enumeration areas, in addition to enumeration areas in which individuals separated from their households and formed new households and households that changed their place of residence and address to other enumeration areas.
- Stage II: Visit the same households from previous round of survey on socioeconomic conditions 2015 (25 households in each enumeration area). Households that changed their place of residence or registered address will be tracked in the existing database to search for the updated data registered in questionnaire. Individuals separated from their households from the previous round and formed new households or joined new households were tracked.
- Stage III: A male and female member of each household in the sample (old and new) were selected for stage III among members aged 18 years and above, using Kish (multivariate) tables to fill in the questionnaire for household members aged 18 years and above. Taking into account that the household whose number is an even number in the sample of the enumeration area, we choose a female and the family whose number is an odd number we choose a male.
Sample Strata
The population was divided into the following strata:
- Governorate (16 Governorates in the West Bank including those parts of Jerusalem, which were annexed by Israeli occupation in 1967 (J1) as a separated stratum, and the Gaza Strip).
- Locality type (urban, rural, camp).
- Area C (class C, non-C) as an implicit stratum.
Domains
- National level: State of Palestine.
- Region level: (West Bank, and Gaza Strip).
- Governorate (16 Governorates in the West Bank including those parts of Jerusalem, which were annexed by Israeli occupation in 1967, and Gaza Strip).
- The location of the Annexation wall and Isolation (inside the wall, outside the wall).
- Locality type (urban, rural, camp).
- Refugee status (refugee, non-refugee).
- Sex (male, female).
- Area C (class C, non-C).
There are no deviations in the proposed sample design.
Response Rates
11,008 representative households were reached. Number of respondent households was 9,926 including 5,898 in the West Bank and 4,028 in the Gaza Strip. Weights were adjusted with the design strata to compensate for the rate of refusal and non-response.
The total response rate was 90.2%.
Weighting
The weight of statistical units (sampling unit) in the sample is defined as the mathematical inverse of the selection probability where the sample of the survey is a three-stage stratified cluster systematic random sample. In the first stage, we calculate the weight of enumeration areas based on the probability of each enumeration area. In the second stage, we calculate the weight of households in each enumeration area. Initial household weights resulted from the product of the weight of the first stage and the weight of the second stage. Then we adjusted the initial weight by producing the initial weight and the attrition factor (attrition from the sample). The final household weights were obtained after adjustment of the initial weights with the household estimates for mid-2018 according to design strata (governorate, locality type).
Weights of households members' portfolio are calculated by giving every member the final weight of his/her household, which is the primary individual/member weight. Primary Individual/Member's Weight is then adjusted according to area, gender and age groups (17 groups) representing the age of individual/member by mid-October 2018. This enabled us to obtain the individual/member's final weight in his/her category. The weights are then merged in the individual/member's portfolio for individuals aged 18 and above.
Survey instrument
The questionnaire is the key tool for data collection. It must be conforming to the technical characteristics of fieldwork to allow for data processing and analysis. The survey questionnaire comprised the following parts:
- Part one: Identification data.
- Part two: Quality control
- Part three: Data of households' members and social data.
- Part four: Housing unit data
- Part five: Assistance and Coping Strategies Information
- Part six: Expenditure and Consumption
- Part seven: Food Variation and Facing Food Shortage
- Part eight: Income
- Part nine: Agricultural and economic activities.
- Part ten: Freedom of mobility
- In addition to a questionnaire for individuals (18 years old and above): Questions on suffering and life quality, assessment of health, education, administration (Ministry of the Interior) services and information technology.
The language used in the questionnaire is Arabic with an English questionnaire
Data collection
| Start | End |
|---|---|
| 2018-08-27 | 2018-10-09 |
| Start date | End date |
|---|---|
| 2017-09-22 | 2018-08-22 |
| Name | Affiliation |
|---|---|
| Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics | State of Palestine |
Field Editing and Supervising
- Various levels of supervision and monitoring took place according to the following hierarchy:
- Fieldworkers: They collected data directly from households, edited and checked them
- Fieldwork supervisors: They carried out administrative and technical follow-up on the fieldworkers team, where they accompanied the fieldworkers during data collection from the field to ensure their ability to ask questions and use the tablets
- Fieldwork coordinator: He/ She carried out administrative and technical follow up on the supervisors team in addition to implementing field visits to ensure the progress of work on data collection as planned
- Programs were designed to check and extract data through the web by project management.
- Because of the particular situation of the Jerusalem Governorate, especially Area J1, those parts of Jerusalem which were annexed by Israeli occupation in 1967, a different methodology for data collection was adopted, where paper questionnaire was used, and the editors edited the questionnaire in a formal and technical manner according to the pre-prepared edit rules.
- Due to the use of tablets in the collection of data, automated databases direct editing was adopted during data collection in all stages to minimize errors since the system sends warning messages and error messages to fieldworkers requesting either amendment or verification of data.
- A program for field visits was prepared for on-site follow-up of fieldwork and assess the key problems to solve them. The visits also reviewed how data were entered on the applications and teams' compliance with the instructions they received during the training to ensure good progress.
Field Operations
Field operations are the actual survey work conducted to collect data required from primary sources. Careful attention must be paid to details in this stage to provide all technical and administrative needs including recruitment and training, provision of material needs for the best performance possible of work.
Training and Appointment
In preparation to implement the survey according to the plan, training session was organized at the headquarters of PCBS in the West Bank and in Gaza Strip office. The training lasted for 5 days during the period 06-12/08/2018, where it included theoretical lectures in which fieldworkers and field supervisors were trained on various field operations in general before the start of the survey, in order to provide them with the basic skills needed to collect information and to consolidate the concepts and definitions contained in the questionnaire, the mechanism of completing the questionnaire, in addition to the mechanism and technique of conducting interviews in the field and ways of dealing with developments faced by the team at fieldwork.
Training on the practical side also was included in the training program, where the work was to train fieldworkers and field supervisors to fill the questionnaire using tablet devices, in addition to holding a training day for supervisors on 26/08/2018, in order to train them on the fieldwork management system for the survey, and to train them on the system and screens and reports on it, in addition to working on training field supervisors on the mechanism of assigning enumeration areas and households to fieldworkers on the system.
The fieldwork team (supervisors and fieldworkers) was appointed based on the highest marks in the results of the daily exams, the final exam and the commitment to attend at the end of the training course.
The personal interview technique was used to collect the survey's data for households and individuals 18 years and above. Tablets were used to collect data in both the West Bank and Gaza Strip, with the exception of Jerusalem J1. Special applications were designed to collect data and upload maps for enumeration areas in the Palestinian localities. The applications were designed to match the questionnaire of the survey and were supported with logical checks and warning messages for logical data and consistency of the data. While the data were collected in Jerusalem J1 through the traditional paper questionnaire, the data were entered on the computers at PCBS. The same application was used for the tablets, but some features were modified to suit the computers.
Field Editing and Supervising
- Various levels of supervision and monitoring took place according to the following hierarchy:
- Fieldworkers: They collect data directly from households, edit and check them
- Fieldwork supervisors: They carry out administrative and technical follow up on the fieldworkers team, where they accompany the fieldworkers during data collection from the field to ensure their ability to ask questions and use the tablets
-Fieldwork coordinator: He/ She carries out administrative and technical follow up on the supervisors team in addition to implementing field visits to ensure the progress of work on data collection as planned - Programs were designed to check and extract data through the web by project management.
- Because of the particular situation of the Jerusalem Governorate, especially Area J1, those parts of Jerusalem which were annexed by Israeli occupation in 1967, a different methodology for data collection was adopted, where paper questionnaire was used, and the editors edited the questionnaire in a formal and technical manner according to the pre-prepared edit rules.
Due to the use of tablets in the collection of data, automated databases direct editing was adopted during data collection in all stages to minimize errors since the system sends warning messages and error messages to fieldworkers requesting either amendment or verification of data.
A program for field visits was prepared for on-site follow-up of fieldwork and assess the key problems to solve them. The visits also reviewed how data were entered on the applications and teams' compliance with the instructions they received during the training to ensure good progress.
Office Editing and Coding
The office editing was only checked for the Jerusalem Governorate (J1) questionnaire due to the use of paper questionnaire, and for coding special screens that were designed for this purpose, to cover the codification questions in the questionnaire together with other questions about the characteristics of individuals to assist in coding. The coding questions in the survey questionnaire that are encoded are the occupation and economic activity according to the Coding Guide.
The Arabic language was used in the interview
Data processing
Data Processing
Data processing was done in different ways including:
Programming Consistency Check
- Tablet applications were developed in accordance with the questionnaire's design to facilitate collection of data in the field. The application interfaces were made user-friendly to enable fieldworkers collect data quickly with minimal errors. Proper data entry tools were also used to concord with the question including drop down menus/lists.
- Develop automated data editing mechanism consistent with the use of technology in the survey and uploading the tools for use to clean the data entered into the database and ensure they are logic and error free as much as possible. The tool also accelerated conclusion of preliminary results prior to finalization of results.
- GPS and GIS were used to avoid duplication and omission of counting units (buildings, and households).
In order to work in parallel with Jerusalem (J1) in which the data was collected in paper, the same application that was designed on the tablets was used and some of its properties were modified, there was no need for maps to enter their data as the software was downloaded on the devices after the completion of the editing of the questionnaires.
Data Cleaning
- Concurrently with the data collection process, a weekly check of the data entered was carried out centrally and returned to the field for modification during the data collection phase and follow-up. The work was carried out through examination of the questions and variables to ensure that all required items are included, and the check of shifts, stops and range was done too.
- Data processing was conducted after the fieldwork stage, where it was limited to conducting the final inspection and cleaning of the survey databases. Data cleaning and editing stage focused on:
- Editing skips and values allowed.
- Checking the consistency between different the questions of questionnaire based on logical relationships.
- Checking on the basis of relations between certain questions so that a list of non-identical cases was extracted, and reviewed toward identifying the source of the error case by case, where such errors were immediately modified and corrected based on the source of the error with the documentation process for the checks occurred on the questionnaire.
- The SPSS program was used to extract and modify errors and discrepancies, to prepare clean and accurate data ready for scheduling and publishing.
Tabulation
After finishing from checking and cleaning any errors of data, tabulation was prepared for this purpose and extracted accordingly.
Office Editing and Coding
The office editing was only checked for the Jerusalem Governorate (J1) questionnaire due to the use of paper questionnaire, and for coding special screens that were designed for this purpose, to cover the codification questions in the questionnaire together with other questions about the characteristics of individuals to assist in coding. The coding questions in the survey questionnaire that are encoded are the occupation and economic activity according to the Coding Guide.
Data appraisal
Sampling Errors
Those errors result from studying part (sample) of the society and not all society units. Since the socio-economic conditions survey 2018 was conducted on a sample, sampling errors are expected to occur. To minimize sampling errors, a properly designed probability sample was used to calculate errors throughout the process. This means that for every unit of the society there is a probability to be selected in the sample. The variance was calculated to measure the impact on sample design for Palestine, the SPSS complex samples module has been used to calculate sampling errors .
Data Comparison and Examination
This standard is linked to the statistical product, since statistics must have comparative advantage with other sources and with other time periods. Many analyses are based on comparison. The data of the survey of 2018 were compared to the previous surveys data. Moreover, inconsistency between questions and the internal inconsistency of the data were examined as part of the review of logic and completion of the data.
Access policy
Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics
Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics
https://www.pcbs.gov.ps/PCBS-Metadata-en-v4.3/index.php/catalog/629
Data Access
| Name | Affiliation | URL | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics | State of Palestine | www.pcbs.gov.ps | Diwan@pcbs.gov.ps |
| Is signing of a confidentiality declaration required? | Confidentiality declaration text |
|---|---|
| yes | General Statistics Law No. (5) for Year 2000 Article (17) 1. All individual information and data submitted to the Bureau for statistical purposes shall be treated as confidential and shall not be divulged, in whole or in part, to any individual or to a public or private body, or used for any purpose other than for preparing statistical tables. 2. The Bureau shall endeavor to issue official statistical publications in aggregate tables, which do not disclose individual data, in conformity with the confidentiality of statistical data. |
Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics, 2019. Socio-Economic Conditions Survey, 2018- Main Findings. V1.0. Ramallah - Palestine.
Disclaimer and copyrights
(c) All rights reserved Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics, 2019. Socio-Economic Conditions Survey, 2018 - Main Findings.
Contacts
| Name | Affiliation | |
|---|---|---|
| Division of user services | Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics | Dus@pcbs.gov.ps |
| diwan | Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics | Diwan@pcbs.gov.ps |
Metadata production
DDI_WBG_2018_SECS_v01_M
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics | State of Palestine | Collection, processing and dissemination of data |
2021-10-20
Metadata version
Version 01 (October 2021). This version of the DDI is similar to the original version: DDI-PSE-PCBS-SEMP-2018-V1.0, that was produced by the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics except for the DDI ID and Study ID fields that were updated.