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Education Quality Improvement Programme Impact Evaluation Midline Survey 2016

Tanzania, 2016
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TZA_2016_EQUIPIE-ML_v02_M
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Oxford Policy Management Ltd
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Jun 26, 2017
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Sep 07, 2022
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Questionnaires
EQUIP-T IE Head Teacher (HT) Midline Questionnaire
Download [PDF, 1.58 MB]
Author(s) Oxford Policy Management Ltd.
Date 2016-05-13
Country Tanzania
Language English
Download https://datacatalog.ihsn.org//catalog/7098/download/83798
EQUIP-T IE Head Count (HC) Midline Questionnaire
Download [PDF, 353.75 KB]
Author(s) Oxford Policy Management Ltd.
Date 2016-05-12
Country Tanzania
Language English
Download https://datacatalog.ihsn.org//catalog/7098/download/83799
EQUIP-T IE School Records (SR) Midline Questionnaire
Download [PDF, 366.42 KB]
Author(s) Oxford Policy Management Ltd.
Date 2016-05-13
Country Tanzania
Language English
Download https://datacatalog.ihsn.org//catalog/7098/download/83800
EQUIP-T IE Lesson Observation (LO) Midline Questionnaire
Download [PDF, 440.91 KB]
Author(s) Oxford Policy Management Ltd.
Date 2016-05-13
Country Tanzania
Language English
Download https://datacatalog.ihsn.org//catalog/7098/download/83801
EQUIP-T IE Teacher Interview (TI) Midline Questionnaire
Download [PDF, 721.63 KB]
Author(s) Oxford Policy Management Ltd.
Date 2016-05-12
Country Tanzania
Language English
Download https://datacatalog.ihsn.org//catalog/7098/download/83802
EQUIP-T IE Pupil Background and Learning Assessment (PB) Midline Questionnaire
Download [PDF, 166.76 KB]
Author(s) Oxford Policy Management Ltd.
Date 2016-05-13
Country Tanzania
Language English
Download https://datacatalog.ihsn.org//catalog/7098/download/83803
EQUIP-T IE Poverty Scorecard (SC) Midline Questionnaire
Download [PDF, 271.82 KB]
Author(s) Adapted by Oxford Policy Management Ltd. for the EQUIP-T IE baseline survey from Schreiner, M. (2013) A Simple Poverty Scorecard for Tanzania. Kansas City: Microfinance Risk Management, LLC.
Date 2016-05-13
Country Tanzania
Language English
Download https://datacatalog.ihsn.org//catalog/7098/download/83804
Reports
EQUIP-Tanzania Impact Evaluation. Final Baseline Technical Report, Volume I: Results and Discussion
Download [PDF, 6.8 MB]
Author(s) Pettersson, Gunilla Rawle, Georgina Outhred, Rachel Brockerhoff, Stephanie Wills, Gabrielle Nugroho, Dita Jasper, Paul Kveder, Andrej Beavis, Adrian
Date 2015-01-15
Country Tanzania
Language English
Publisher(s) Oxford Policy Management Ltd.
Table of contents Acknowledgements
Executive summary
List of figures and tables
List of abbreviations
PART A: Background
1 Introduction
1.1 Objectives of the baseline analysis
1.2 Overview of the EQUIP-T programme
1.3 Overview of the IE
1.3.1 Overview of IE design
1.3.2 Instruments used for the IE baseline
1.3.3 Sampling strategies and sample sizes for the IE baseline
1.3.4 Generalisability of baseline results
1.4 Pointers on how to read the figures and tables
1.4.1 Weighted estimates
1.4.2 How to read the figures and tables in Part B
1.5 Structure of this volume
PART B: Baseline results for programme treatment districts
2 Pupil learning outcomes
2.1 Pupil learning in Kiswahili
2.1.1 Are standard three pupils achieving at the expected curriculum level in Kiswahili?
2.1.2 Key results from the Kiswahili raw test score analysis
2.2 Pupil learning in mathematics
2.2.1 Are standard three pupils performing at the expected curriculum level in mathematics?
2.2.2 Key results from the mathematics raw test score analysis
2.3 Perceptions of pupil learning
3 Context: Characteristics of pupils, schools and teachers
3.1 Background characteristics and daily routine of pupils
3.2 School characteristics
3.3 Head teacher and teacher characteristics
4 EQUIP-T Component 2: SLM
4.1 Head teacher leadership: Roles and responsibilities
4.2 Head teacher absenteeism
4.3 Head teacher capacity development: INSET and support networks
4.4 School management: Whole school planning and financial management systems
4.5 School management and information systems: Teacher performance management
4.6 School management and information systems: Protecting instructional time
5 EQUIP-T Component 1: Teacher professional capacity, performance, motivation and morale
5.1 Teacher professional capacity: subject knowledge
5.1.1 Teacher subject knowledge in Kiswahili
5.1.2 Teacher subject knowledge in mathematics
5.2 Teacher performance: Pedagogy
5.2.1 Gender balance in teacher interaction with pupils
5.2.2 Spatial balance in teacher interaction with pupils
5.2.3 Teacher performance: Teaching behaviours
5.2.4 Teacher performance: Assessment of pupil work
5.3 Teacher motivation and morale
5.3.1 Teacher motivation and morale: Absence and punctuality
5.3.2 Teacher motivation and morale: Job satisfaction and valuation by others
5.3.3 Factors that influence teacher motivation and morale
5.3.4 What schools do to increase teacher motivation and morale
6 EQUIP-T Component 4: Community participation and accountability
6.1 Informed communities - communication between schools and communities
6.1.1 Mechanisms of communication
6.1.2 Reporting on academic progress
6.1.3 Relationship between schools and communities
6.2 Equipped communities - capacity of communities and SCs
6.2.1 Understanding of the roles and responsibilities of the SC
6.2.2 Strengths and weaknesses of SCs
6.3 Empowered communities - engagement and accountability
6.3.1 Supporting schools
6.3.2 School attendance
6.3.3 Perceived ability of the community/parents to hold school management and teachers to account for the delivery of education
7 EQUIP-T Component 3: District and regional management
7.1 Current district and regional management of primary education
7.2 Physical resources
7.3 Transparency and information on key financial and budgetary procedures
7.3.1 Capitation grants
7.4 Support systems and school improvement systems
7.4.1 WEC visits
7.4.2 In-kind resources received by schools
7.5 Key tasks across the policy cycle
PART C: Expanding and assessing the EQUIP-T TOC
8 The programme TOC: relevance, causal mechanisms and underlying assumptions
8.1 EQUIP-T Impact: Improving learning outcomes and education quality, especially for girls
Causal mechanism
Assessing the assumptions underpinning the causal pathways
8.2 EQUIP-T component 1: Improving teacher professional capacity, performance, motivation and morale
8.3 EQUIP-T component 2: Improving school leadership and management
8.4 EQUIP-T component 3: Strengthening district and regional education management
8.5 EQUIP-T component 4: Strengthening community participation and accountability
8.6 The complete expanded TOC
PART D: Conclusions and next steps going forward
9 Conclusion
9.1 Pupil learning and quality of education
9.2 Teacher performance
9.3 SLM
9.4 District and regional education management
9.5 Community participation and accountability
10 Follow-up quantitative survey and qualitative research
Bibliography
Annex A Original and agreed terms of reference
A.1 Original terms of reference
A.2 Agreed terms of reference
A.2.1 Our understanding of the agreed terms of reference
A.2.2 Changes to the impact evaluation design since the technical proposal
Annex B Impact Evaluation Districts
Annex C Constraints underpinning the EQUIP-T programme theory of change
Annex D EQUIP-T programme summary description
D.1 Component 1: improving teacher performance
D.2 Component 2: school leadership and management
D.3 Component 3: district planning and management
Download https://datacatalog.ihsn.org//catalog/7098/download/83805
EQUIP-Tanzania Impact Evaluation. Final Baseline Technical Report, Volume II: Methods and Technical Annexes
Download [PDF, 3.2 MB]
Author(s) Pettersson, Gunilla Rawle, Georgina Outhred, Rachel Brockerhoff, Stephanie Wills, Gabrielle Nugroho, Dita Jasper, Paul Kveder, Andrej Beavis, Adrian
Date 2015-01-15
Country Tanzania
Language English
Publisher(s) Oxford Policy Management Ltd.
Table of contents Acknowledgements
List of figures and tables
List of abbreviations
PART E: INTRODUCTION
1.1 Overview
1.2 Structure of this Volume
PART F: Methods
2 Mixed methods approach
2.1 Combining qualitative and quantitative data
3 Quantitative methods: Quasi-experimental design
3.1 Methodology
3.1.1 Assessing the impact of the EQUIP-T programme as a whole
3.1.2 Identifying the control group
3.2 Sampling strategy and sample size
3.2.1 Sampling frame
3.2.2 Sampling stages
3.2.3 Sample size
3.2.4 Survey weights
3.3 Survey instruments
3.3.1 Development of survey instruments
3.3.2 Instrument descriptions
3.4 Impact indicators
3.5 Baseline estimates and impact estimation approach
3.5.1 Baseline estimates
3.5.2 Impact estimation approach
3.6 Baseline and follow-up surveys
3.7 Possible risks and limitations of quantitative component
4 Qualitative research design
4.1 Objectives of the qualitative research
4.2 Rigour
4.3 Using theory to improve generalizability and inform structure
4.3.1 How will the programme TOC be strengthened?
4.4 Sampling
4.4.1 Addressing rigour through sampling
4.4.2 Selection of districts
4.4.3 Selection of schools
4.5 Semi-structured interview instruments and discussion guides
4.5.1 Structured and unstructured methodologies
4.5.2 KII and FGD tools
4.6 Fieldwork activities
4.6.1 Addressing rigour through fieldwork
4.6.2 The fieldwork teams
4.6.3 Selection of FGD and KII participants
4.7 Analytical approach
4.7.1 Addressing rigour through the analysis
4.8 Possible limitations of the qualitative component
Bibliography
Annex A Impact evaluation districts
Annex B Stakeholder consultations
Annex C Permits, consent, confidentiality and datasets
Annex D Dissemination
Annex E Quantitative data collection, cleaning and analysis
E.1 Permits
E.2 Recruitment of enumerators and field teams
E.3 Training and pilot
E.4 Enumerator manual
E.5 Fieldwork planning and implementation
E.6 Quality assurance during fieldwork
E.7 Data validation, cleaning and analysis
E.7.1 Data validation during the fieldwork
E.7.2 Data checking and cleaning 1
E.7.3 Data checking and cleaning 2 and analysis
Annex F Definitions of key quantitative indicators
Annex G Supplementary quantitative baseline analysis
G.1 Pupil learning outcomes
G.1.1 Raw score analysis of pupil Kiswahili and mathematics
G.2 Teacher professional capacity and performance
Annex H Detailed statistical tables of results from programme treatment districts
H.1 Pupil learning
H.2 Supplementary pupil learning analysis
H.3 Context pupils, communities and schools
H.3.1 Pupil characteristics
H.3.2 School characteristics
H.3.3 Head teacher and teacher characteristics
H.4 School leadership and management
H.5 Teachers capacity, performance, motivation and morale
H.6 Supplementary teacher subject knowledge analysis
H.7 Community participation and accountability
H.8 District and region education management
Annex I Pupil learning outcomes technical annex
I.1 Summary of the content of the pupil tests
I.1.1 Kiswahili
I.1.2 Mathematics
I.2 Notes on traditional test analysis
I.3 Rasch analysis
I.3.1 Overview of Rasch model
I.3.2 Approach to Rasch analysis and performance band competency descriptors
Annex J Details of qualitative sampling, tools, fieldwork and data coding
J.1 Selection of research sites
J.1.1 Stage 1: Selection of districts
J.1.2 Stage 2: Selection of schools
J.2 Description of FGD and KII tools
J.3 Fieldwork, data coding and analysis
J.3.1 Selection of national researchers
J.3.2 Daily debriefs and team checks in the field
J.3.3 Data treatment and collection
J.3.4 Coding for analysis
Annex K Qualitative evaluation matrix
Annex L Key qualitative research questions and data sources
Annex M Qualitative analysis background paper
M.1 Introduction
M.2 Uyui district, Tabora
M.2.1 Uyui Better Performing Primary School (Uyui Better)
M.2.2 Uyui Typically Performing Primary School (Uyui Typical)
M.2.3 Uyui Lower Performing Primary School (Uyui Lower)
M.3 Kishapu, district Shinyanga
M.3.1 Kishapu Better Performing Primary School (Kishapu Better)
M.3.2 Kishapu Typically Performing School (Kishapu Typical)
M.3.3 Kishapu Lower Performing Primary School (Kishapu Lower)
M.4 Mpwapwa district, Dodoma
M.4.1 Mpwapwa Better Performing Primary School (Mpwapwa Better)
M.4.2 Mpwapwa Typically Performing Primary School (Mpwapwa Typical)
M.4.3 Mpwapwa Lower Performing Primary School (Mpwapwa Lower)
Annex N Fiscal study concept note summary
N.1 The aims of the study
N.2 Analysis of retrospective costs of the EQUIP-T
N.2.1 Cost structure of the programme
4.8.1 Analysis of Programme Support Activities
N.2.2 Analysis of TA Budget
N.3 Future costs of the programme
N.3.1 Parameters of interest
N.3.2 Modelling costs
N.4 Analysis of costs within the budgetary and fiscal process
N.4.1 Costs relative to existing education budgets and expenditures
N.4.2 Costs in the context of macroeconomic environment
N.5 The next steps
Annex O Impact evaluation governance
Download https://datacatalog.ihsn.org//catalog/7098/download/83806
EQUIP-Tanzania Impact Evaluation. Midline Technical Report, Volume I: Results and Discussion
Download [PDF, 4.2 MB]
Author(s) Rawle, Georgina Ruddle, Nicola Pettersson Gelander, Gunilla Wallin, Johanna Binci, Michele Jasper, Paul Harb, Jana Hebbar, Madhumitha Davis, Jean Aldinucci, Alice
Date 2017-03-21
Country Tanzania
Language English
Publisher(s) Oxford Policy Management Ltd.
Table of contents Acknowledgements
Executive summary
List of figures, tables and boxes
List of abbreviations
PART A: Objectives, background and methods
1 Introduction
1.1 Purpose of this report
1.2 EQUIP-T design and implementation progress and IE scope
1.3 IE methods
1.4 Changes in education sector context and implications for the IE
1.5 More details on quantitative assessment of impact
1.6 How to read this report
1.7 Structure of Volume I
PART B: Findings
2 Pupil learning and background characteristics
2.1 Overall programme goals and expectations of change in pupil learning
2.2 Impact of EQUIP-T on early grade learning in Kiswahili and maths by ML
2.3 Trends in early grade learning gaps by gender
2.4 Trends in early grade learning gaps by home language
2.5 Trends in early grade learning gaps by household poverty status
2.6 Summary of IE evidence on pupil learning
3 EQUIP-T Component 1: Teacher capacity, performance and conditions for pupil learning
3.1 Programme implementation and expectations of change at ML
3.2 Findings
3.3 Summary of IE evidence on teacher capacity, performance and conditions for pupil learning
4 EQUIP-T Component 2: SLM
4.1 Programme implementation and expectations of change
4.2 Findings
4.3 Summary of IE evidence on SLM
5 EQUIP-T Component 3: District planning and management
5.1 Expectations of change
5.2 Findings
5.3 Summary of IE evidence on district planning and management
6 EQUIP-T Component 4: Community participation and demand for accountability
6.1 Programme implementation and expectations of change at ML
6.2 Findings
6.3 Summary of IE evidence on community participation and demand for accountability
7 Cost of the EQUIP-T programme
7.1 Introduction
7.2 PSA spending by EQUIP-T MA
7.3 Decentralised PSA spending by LGAs
7.4 Cost of providing early grade INSET
7.5 TA spending
7.6 Conclusions
PART C: Implications and conclusion
8 Findings, recommendations, lessons and conclusion
8.1 Impact
8.2 Effectiveness
8.3 Relevance
8.4 Efficiency
8.5 Sustainability
8.6 Conclusion
References
ANNEXES
Annex A Agreed and original terms of reference
A.1 Impact evaluation purpose in original TOR
A.2 Impact evaluation design options
A.3 DFID design choices
A.4 What the impact evaluation will measure under the agreed terms of reference
A.5 Evaluation questions
A.6 Revised purpose of the impact evaluation
A.7 Changes to the impact evaluation design since the technical proposal
Annex B Midline evaluation matrix
Annex C Supplementary information on EQUIP-T
C.1 Constraints underpinning the EQUIP-T programme design
C.2 Expanded EQUIP-T TOC and modifications since BL
C.3 EQUIP-T implementation between baseline and end-2015
Annex D Education sector policy and other programmes
D.1 National policy context
D.2 Major education policy changes since BL
D.3 LANES implementation since BL
Annex E Quantitative survey instruments and indicators
E.1 Contents of ML quantitative survey instruments
E.2 Teaching behaviour descriptors
Download https://datacatalog.ihsn.org//catalog/7098/download/83807
EQUIP-Tanzania Impact Evaluation. Midline Technical Report, Volume II: Methods and Supplementary Evidence
Download [PDF, 5.86 MB]
Author(s) Rawle, Georgina Ruddle, Nicola Pettersson Gelander, Gunilla Wallin, Johanna Binci, Michele Jasper, Paul Harb, Jana Hebbar, Madhumitha Davis, Jean Aldinucci, Alice
Date 2017-03-21
Country Tanzania
Language English
Publisher(s) Oxford Policy Management Ltd.
Table of contents Acknowledgements
List of figures and tables
List of abbreviations
Part D Introduction
1 Introduction
1.1 Overview
1.2 Structure of this Volume
Part E Methods
2 Mixed methods approach
2.1 Overview
2.2 Mixed methods approach at ML
3 Quantitative design and ML adjustments
3.1 Rationale for quasi-experimental design
3.2 Sampling strategy and sample size
3.3 Survey instruments
3.4 Fieldwork timing and model
3.5 Quantitative analysis
3.6 Risks and limitations
4 Qualitative design and ML adjustments
4.1 Objectives of the qualitative research
4.2 Design
4.3 Fieldwork
4.4 Analysis
4.5 Risks and limitations
5 Cost study design and ML methods
5.1 Objectives of the costing study
5.2 Analysis at midline
5.3 Analysis at endline
5.4 Limitations of the cost study
Part F Evidence
6 Impact estimation
6.1 Impact identification strategy
6.2 Propensity Score Matching
6.3 Difference-in-Differences
6.4 Combining DID and PSM
6.5 How results are presented in Volume I
6.6 Caveats - Addressing weaknesses in the analysis
6.7 Results
7 Supplementary descriptive quantitative analysis
7.1 Pupil Kiswahili and maths raw test score indicators
7.2 Teachers capacity and performance
7.3 School leadership and management
8 Qualitative evidence on teacher capacity, performance and conditions for learning
8.1 Teacher training
8.2 Teaching and Learning materials
8.3 Teacher performance: subject and curriculum knowledge
8.4 Teacher performance: pedagogy
8.5 School readiness programme
8.6 Teacher motivation and morale
9 Qualitative evidence on school leadership and management
9.1 SLM Training and head teacher turnover
9.2 Head teacher capacity
9.3 Factors affecting effective SLM
9.4 Sustainability and changes
10 Qualitative evidence on district planning and management
10.1 Introduction to ward education coordinators (WECs)
10.2 WECs’ responsibilities
10.3 EQUIP-T inputs: motorbikes and WEC grants
10.4 EQUIP-T inputs: Training for WECs
10.5 Managing WECs’ performance
10.6 Summary of WECs’ changes
10.7 Introduction to district planning and management
10.8 Information and monitoring
10.9 Planning and budgeting
10.10 District management and relationships with teachers
10.11 Regional role in management
10.12 Summary of districts’ changes
11 Qualitative evidence on community participation and accountability
11.1 Communities’ capacity-building: School Committees
11.2 Communities’ capacity-building: PTPs
11.3 Community-led school needs assessment
11.4 Communication, Participation and Accountability
References
ANNEXES
Annex A IE districts
Annex B Stakeholder engagement and IE governance
B.1 Stakeholder engagement
B.2 Reference Group (RG)
B.3 Impact evaluation governance and quality assurance
Annex C Ethical considerations
C.1 Principles
C.2 Process
C.3 Conflict of interest considerations
Annex D Quantitative data collection
D.1 Personnel
D.2 Fieldwork preparation
D.3 Training and pilot
D.4 Fieldwork organisation
D.5 Fieldwork implementation
D.6 Quality control and data checking protocols
D.7 Fieldwork challenges and lessons learned
Annex E Definitions of key quantitative indicators
E.1 Chapter 2 Pupil Learning and background characteristics
E.2 Chapter 3 Teacher capacity, performance and conditions for learning
E.3 Chapter 4: School leadership and management
E.4 Chapter 5 District planning and management
E.5 Chapter 6 Community participation and demand for accountability
Annex F Detailed statistical tables of results from programme treatment districts
F.1 Pupil learning and background characteristics
F.2 Teachers capacity, performance and conditions for learning
F.3 School leadership and management
F.4 District planning and management
F.5 Community participation and demand for accountability
Annex G Measurement of pupil learning outcomes
G.1 Summary of the content of the pupil tests
G.2 Notes on traditional test analysis in the IE
G.3 Application of the Rasch model in the IE
G.4 Rasch analysis of Kiswahili BL and ML pupil test data
G.5 Rasch analysis of maths BL and ML pupil test data
Annex H Impact estimation supplementary information
H.1 Selection of covariates in the first stage
Annex I Qualitative ML fieldwork
I.1 Team 1 – School/community visits
I.2 Team 2 – Senior manager interviews
Annex J Costing study data tables
J.1 PSA spending
J.2 Sub-component 1.2
J.4 LGA spending
J.5 Costs of INSET
Annex K Specialist Evaluation and Quality Assurance Services matrix
Download https://datacatalog.ihsn.org//catalog/7098/download/83808
EQUIP-Tanzania Impact Evaluation. Midline Issues Note 1: The Changing Context for Teacher In-Service Training—Reflections on EQUIP-Tanzania’s Experience
Download [PDF, 1.03 MB]
Author(s) Pettersson Gelander, Gunilla Rawle, Georgina Karki, Shrochis Ruddle, Nicola
Date 2017-03-09
Country Tanzania
Language English
Publisher(s) Oxford Policy Management Ltd.
Download https://datacatalog.ihsn.org//catalog/7098/download/83809
Technical documents
List of Variables Excluded from EQUIP-T IE Midline Survey Datasets
Download [XLSX, 96.26 KB]
Author(s) Oxford Policy Management Ltd.
Date 2017-01-19
Language English
Description This file lists variables collected during the EQUIP-T IE midline survey but that have been excluded from the public use datasets and reasons for exclusion (e.g. data quality, errors or confidentiality).
Download https://datacatalog.ihsn.org//catalog/7098/download/83811
EQUIP-T IE PB and TDNA Questionnaires Summary
Download [PDF, 549.28 KB]
Author(s) Pettersson Gelander, Gunilla Rawle, Georgina
Date 2016-11-24
Language English
Description This note includes a summary of the Pupil Learning Assessment (PB) and Teacher Development Needs Assessment (TDNA) Questionnaires and a description of the PB and TDNA Score Variables in the Public Use Dataset. It describes the pupil skill areas included in the PB questionnaire and the core curriculum topics covered by the TDNA as well as the constructed variables included in the public use pupil- and teacher-level datasets (ml_v2_1_pupil and ml_v2_1_teacher) to allow for analysis of raw scores and/or item response theory (IRT) modelling.
Download https://datacatalog.ihsn.org//catalog/7098/download/83812
Additional Information on Constructed Indicators
Download [PDF, 127.23 KB]
Author(s) Oxford Policy Management Ltd.
Date 2017-02-06
Language English
Description This note includes additional information on a constructed indicator in the school-level public dataset that identifies the respondent to the head teacher (HT) instrument.
Download https://datacatalog.ihsn.org//catalog/7098/download/83813
Tanzania Poverty Scorecard Instructions (Schreiner 2016)
Download [PDF, 543.93 KB]
Author(s) Schreiner, Mark
Date 2016-06-27
Country Tanzania
Language English
Download https://datacatalog.ihsn.org//catalog/7098/download/83814
Other Materials
Map of EQUIP-T IE Districts
Download [PDF, 450.33 KB]
Author(s) Oxford Policy Management Ltd.
Date 2015-05-20
Country Tanzania
Language English
Download https://datacatalog.ihsn.org//catalog/7098/download/83810
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