Living Standards Survey 1995-1996

Nepal, 1995 - 1996

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NPL_1995_LSS-I_v01_M

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Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS)

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The data from this study are used in the following publications:

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1 Hotchkiss, D, J Karmacharya, and K Sangraula. "Household health expenditures in Nepal: implications for health care financing reform." (1998) Health Policy and Planning.

2 Karkee, Madhab. "Nepal economic growth agriculture." (2008)

3 Upadhyaha K, Hari. "Sustainable poverty alleviation and mountain development in Nepal: status, experience and strategy." Growth, Poverty Alleviation and Sustainable Resource Management in the Mountain Areas of South Asia. Kathmandu, Nepal, 2000.

4 Acharya, Meena. "Economic opportunities for mountain women of South Asia: the poverty context." (2007) Growth, Poverty Alleviation and Sustainable Resource Management in the Mountain Areas of South Asia.

5 Acharya, Sanjaya. "Measuring and Analyzing Poverty (with a particular reference to the case of Nepal)." European Journal of Comparative Economics 1, no. 2 (2004): 195-215.

6 Acharya, Sanjaya. "Poverty and labour market correlates in Nepalese economy." (2005) Economic journal of Hokkaido University.

7 Acharya, Sushan. Gender, Jobs and Education: Prospects and Realities in Nepal. 2015.

8 Ahmed, Sadiq, and Ejaz Ghani. Making regional cooperation work for South Asia's poor. 2008.

9 Ahuja, Vinod, and Elizabeth Redmond. "Economic and policy issues in livestock service delivery to the poor." (2001) Background paper for the FAO project memorandum “Pro-Poor Livestock Policy Initiative: Fostering the Policy Dialogue in Support of Equitable, Safe and Clean Livestock Farming.

10 Angood, C, F Chancellor, N Hasnip, J Morrison, and L Smith. "Contribution of irrigation to sustaining rural livelihoods: Nepal case study." (2002)

11 Anríquez, Gustavo, and Genny Bonomi. "Long-term farming and rural demographic trends." (2007) Background Paper for the World Development Report 2008.

12 Arunachalam, Raji, and Trevon Logan. Is there dowry inflation in South Asia?. 2008.

13 Aryal, Jeetendra Prakash. "Assessing the impact of remittance income on household welfare and land conservation investment in Mardi Watershed of Nepal: A village general equilibrium model." (2005)

14 Babu, Suresh C, and Prabuddha Sanyal. Food Security, Poverty, and Nutrition Policy Analysis: Statistical Methods and Policy Applications. New York, NY, United States of America: Academic Press, 2009.

15 Bacolod, Marigee P, and Prijy Ranjan. "Why children work, attend school, or stay idle: the roles of ability and household wealth." (2008) Economic Development and Cultural Change.

16 Baidya, Bal Gopal, Madhup Dhungana, and Rojee Kattel. The linkages between women's employment, family welfare and child labour in Nepal. 2003.

17 Bajracharya, Ashish, and Sajeda Amin. "Poverty, marriage timing, and transitions to adulthood in Nepal: a longitudinal analysis using the Nepal living standards survey." (2010) Poverty, gender, and youth.

18 Baland, Jean-Marie, Pranad Bardhan, Sanghamitra Das, and Dilip Mookherjee. "Forest degradation in the Himalayas: determinants and policy options." (2009)

19 Balisacan, Arsenio M, and Geoffrey M Ducanes. "Inequality in Asia: a synthesis of recent research on the levels, trends, effects and determinants of inequality in its different dimensions." (2006) The Inter-Regional Inequality Facility.

20 Bandara S, Jayatilleke. "Trade and poverty in South Asia: an interpretive survey." (2009) Discussion Papers in Economics.

21 Bansak, Cynthia, and Brian Chezum. "How do remittances affect human capital formation of school-age boys and girls?." American Economic Review 99, no. 2 (2009): 145-4.

22 Bastola S, Tunga. Preparation of district level poverty maps: a component of the Nepal Living Standards Survey. 2010.

23 Basu, Kaushik, and Ranjan Ray. The collective model of the household and an unexpected implication for child labor: hypothesis and an empirical test. 2002.

24 Bennett, Lynn. "Gender, caste and ethnic exclusion in Nepal: following the policy process from analysis to action." World Bank conference on New Frontiers of Social Policy: Development in a Globalizing World'. 2005.

25 Bhadra, Chandra. International labor migration of Nepalese women: impact of their remittances on poverty reduction. 2007.

26 Bhatia, Kiran, Mark Turin, and Mukta Sing Lama. "Vulnerable community development plan: for Nepal education for all program (2004-2009)." (2004) World Bank.

27 Bhatta, Saurav Dev, and Suman Kumari Sharma. "The determinants and consequences of chronic and transient poverty in Nepal." (2006) Chronic Poverty Research Centre.

28 Bhattachan, Krishna, and Magnus Hatlebakk. Contextual analysis of BISEP-ST programme for Terai (and Siwaliks) Forest Management. 2005.

29 Bhattarai, Keshab. "Armed conflict and migration: a threat for development and peace. A case for Nepal.." (2006)

30 Bhattarai, Keshab Prasad. "Local dynamics of conflict and the political development in Nepal: a “New Model” for conflict transformation." (2004)

31 Bhusal, Lok Nath. "Towards an agenda for universalising socio-economic security in Nepal." (2008)

32 Bidani, Benu, Guarav Datt, Jean Olson Lanjouw, and Peter Lanjouw. "Specifying poverty lines: how and why." Asia and Pacific Forum on Poverty. Manila, 2001.

33 Bista, Ajoy. "A study of association among rural household expenditure, inequality, asset inequality, and poverty." (2010)

34 Bista, Chirangivi. "Poverty and inequality in Nepal: an analysis of deprivation index 2003-04." Masters of Research, University of Wollongong, 2009.

35 Bohara, Alok K, Neil J Mitchell, and Mani Nepal. "Opportunity, democracy, and the exchange of political violence." Journal of Conflict Resolution 50, no. 1 (2006): 108-1.

36 Bohra, Pratikshya, and Douglas S Massey. "Processes of internal and international migration from Chitwan, Nepal." International Migration Review 43, no. 3 (2009): 621-651.

37 Bohra-Mishra, Pratikshya. "Migration and remittance motives among Nepalese migrants." (2010)

38 Bontch-Osmolovski, Mikhail. "What happens to the educational outcomes of children in families with migrants in Nepal?." (2007)

39 Brook, Penelope, and Warrick Smith. "Improving access to infrastructure services by the poor: Institutional and policy responses." (2001)

40 Brooks, Jonathan, George Dyer, and Ed Taylor. "Modelling agricultural trade and policy impacts in less developed countries." (2008) OECD Food, Agriculture and Fisheries Working Paper No. 11.

41 Bruck, Tilman, Patricia Justino, Philip Verwimp, and Alexandra Avdeenko. "Identifying conflict and violence in micro-level surveys." (2004) HiCN Working Paper 79.

42 Carletto, Gero, Katia Covarrubias, and Marika Krausova. "Rural income generating activities (RIGA) study: Income aggregate methodology." (2007) Agricultural Sector in Economic Development Service, Food and Agriculture Organization.

43 Carletto, Gero, Katia Covarrubias, Benjamin Davis, Marika Krausova, and Paul Winters. "Rural income generating activities study: Methodological note on the construction of income aggregates." (2007) Agricultural Sector in Economic Development Service, Food and Agriculture Organization.

44 Chakrabarty, Sayan, Ulrike Grote, and Guido Lüchters. "The trade-off between child labor and schooling: influence of social labeling NGOs in Nepal." (2006)

45 Chhetry, Devendra. "Measurement and analysis of poverty: some concepts and applications." (2009)

46 Chhetry, Devendra. Practices of poverty measurement and poverty profile of Nepal. : DIANE Publishing, 2009.

47 Chhetry, Devendra. "Understanding Rural Poverty in Nepal." Asia and Pacific forum on poverty: Reforming policies and institutions for poverty reduction. 2001.

48 Claessens, Stijn. "Access to financial services: A review of the issues and public policy objectives." World Bank Research Observer 21, no. 2 (2006): 207-240.

49 Cockburn, John. Trade liberalisation and poverty in Nepal: a computable general equilibrium micro simulation analysis. 2004.

50 Cockburn, John, Erwin Corong, and Caesar Cororaton. "Integrated computable general equilibrium (CGE) micro-simulation approach." (2010)

51 Cox, Donald, Emanuela Galasso, and Emmauel Jimenez. "Private transfers in a cross section of developing countries." (2006) Center for Retirement Research Working Paper No. 2006-2.

52 Cox, Donald, and Marcel Fafchamps. "Extended family and kinship networks: economic insights and evolutionary directions." (2007) Handbook of Development Economics.

53 Dahal, Hari, and Doj Raj Khanal. "Food security and climate change adaptation framework: issues and challenges." (2010)

54 Das, Dangol B, RD Retherford, and S Thapa. "Declining fertility in Nepal." Asia-Pacific population journal/United Nations 12, no. 1 (1997): 33.

55 Das, Arun K, and Magnus Hatlebakk. "Statistical evidence on social and economic exclusion in Nepal." (2009)

56 Davis, Benjamin, Paul Winters, Gero Carletto, Katia Covarrubias, Esteban J Quiñones, Alberto Zezza, Kostas Stamoulis, Carlo Azzarri , and Stefania Digiuseppe. "A Cross-Country Comparison of Rural Income Generating Activities." World Development 38, no. 1 (2010): 48-63.

57 Davis, Benjamin, Paul Winters, Gero Carletto, Katia Covarrubias, Esteban Quinones, Alberto Zezza, Kostas Stamoulis, and Stefania DiGiuseppe. "Rural income generating activities: A cross country comparison." 106th EAAE Seminar on “Pro-poor development in low income countries: Food, agriculture, trade, and environment”. Montpellier, France, October 25-27, 2007.

58 Davis, Benjamin, Stefania Di Giuseppe, and Alberto Zezza. "Are African households (not) leaving agriculture? Patterns of households’ income sources in rural Sub-Saharan Africa." (2017) Food Policy.

59 Davis, Benjamin, Stefania Di Giuseppe, and Alberto Zezza. "Income diversification patterns in rural sub-Saharan Africa: reassessing the evidence." World Bank Policy Research Working Paper , no. 7108 (2014).

60 De Hoyos, Rafael E, and Denis Medvedev. "Poverty effects of higher food prices: A global perspective." (2009) World Bank Policy Research Working Paper No. 4887 .

61 Deaton, Angus, and Salman Zaidi. "Guidelines for constructing consumption aggregates for welfare analysis." (2002) Living Standards Measurement Study Working Paper No. 135.

62 Devarajan, Shantayanan, and Ijaz Nabi. Economic growth in South Asia: promising, un-equalizing,.. sustainable?. 2006.

63 Devkota, Surendra. "Socio-economic development in Nepal." South Asia Economic Journal 8, no. 2 (2007): 285-3.

64 Devkota A, Surendra. "Alleviating poverty for sustainability in Nepal: a social accounting approach." (2008) Development Economics Research Trends.

65 Dhakal, Naina. "Agriculture and environment: interlink with poverty dimension." Journal of Agriculture and Environment 8, no. 0 (2007): 74.

66 Dhakal, Tek Nath. "Combating poverty and exclusion in Nepal." The role of public administration in building a harmonious society: selected proceedings from the Annual Conference of the Network of Asia-Pacific Schools and Institutes of Public Administration and Governance (NAPSIPAG). 2006.

67 Dhakal, Tek Nath. "The role of non-governmental organisations in the improvement of livelihood in Nepal." PhD, University of Tampere, 2002.

68 Dhital, Raji. "Rural urban agriculture market System: challenges and opportunities a case study: Eastern Nepal." Masters, Yale School of Forestry and Environmental Science , 2004.

69 Dhungel, K R. "Poverty in Nepal: Some theoretical considerations and policy issues." Tribhuvan University Journal 20, no. 1 (2010).

70 Do, Quy Toan, and Lakshmi Iyer. "Geography, poverty and conflict in Nepal." Journal of Peace Research 4, no. 6 (2009): 735-748.

71 Do, Quy-Toan, and Lakshmi Iyer. Poverty, social divisions, and conflict in Nepal. 2007.

72 Do, Quy-Toan, and Iyer Lakshmi. "An empirical analysis of civil conflict in Nepal." (2006)

73 Donini, Antonio, and Jeevan Raj Sharma. Humanitarian Agenda 2015: Nepal Country Case Study. 2008.

74 Dudwick, Nora, Katy Hull, Roy Katayama, Forhad Shilpi, and Kenneth Simler. From farm to firm: Rural-urban transition in developing countries. Washington DC, USA: World Bank, 2011.

75 Edmonds V, Eric. "Government-initiated community resource management and local resource extraction from Nepal's forests." Journal of Development Economics 68, no. 1 (2002): 89 - .

76 Emran, Shahe, Misuzu Otsuka, and Forhad Shilpi. Gender, generations, and nonfarm participation. 2003.

77 Emran, Shahe, and Forhad Shilpi. Cultural inheritance, gender, and intergenerational occupational mobility: evidence from a developing economy. 2008.

78 Emran, Shahe, and Forhad Shilpi. The extent of the market and stages of agricultural specialization. 2008.

79 Eriksson, Mats, Jing Fang, and Julie Dekens. "How does climate change affect human health in the Hindu Kush-Himalaya region?." Regional Health Forum. Kathmandu, Nepal, 2008.

80 Ersado, Lire. "Child labor and school decisions in urban and rural areas: cross country evidence." (2002) FCND DISCUSSION PAPER NO. 145.

81 Ersado, Lire. "Child labor and schooling decisions in urban and rural areas: comparative evidence from Nepal, Peru, and Zimbabwe." World Development 33, no. 3 (2005): 455-480.

82 Ersado, Lire. "Child labor and schooling decisions in urban and rural areas: cross-country evidence." American Agricultural Economics Association Annual Meeting. 2003.

83 Evans, Catrin, and Pankaja Bhattarai. "A comparative analysis of anti-trafficking intervention approaches in Nepal." (2000)

84 Fafchamps, Marcel, and Forhad Shilpi. "Cities and specialisation: evidence from South Asia." Economic Journal 115, no. 503 (2005): 477-5.

85 Fafchamps, Marcel, and Forhad Shilpi. Determinants of choice of migration destination. 2008.

86 Fafchamps, Marcel, and Forhad Shilpi. Isolation and subjective welfare. 2006.

87 Fafchamps, Marcel, and Forhad Shilpi. "Subjective welfare, isolation, and relative consumption." Journal of Development Economics 86, no. 1 (2008): 43-60.

88 Fafchamps, Marcel, and Forhad Shilpi. "Subjective welfare, isolation, and rivalry!." (2005)

89 Fafchamps, Marcel, and Jackline Wahba. Child labor, urban proximity and household composition. 2006.

90 Fares, Jean, Claudio E Montenegro, and Peter F Orazem. "How are youth faring in the labor market? Evidence from around the world." World Bank Policy Research Working Paper , no. 4071 (2006).

91 Filmer, Deon, and Lant Pritchett. Estimating wealth effects without expenditure data - or tears: with an application to educational enrollments in states of India. 1998.

92 Filmer, Deon, and Kinnon Scott. "Assessing asset indices." (2008) World Bank Policy Research Working Paper No. 4605.

93 Fofana, Ismaël, and John Cockburn. Micro-simulation in computable general equilibrium: procedure for analyzing and reconciling data. 2003.

94 Fofana, Ismaël, John Cockburn, and Bernard Decaluwe. Developing country superwomen: impacts of trade liberalisation on female market and domestic work. 2005.

95 Ghale, Yamuna. "Corporate globalisation: Hunger and livelihood insecurity in Nepal." (2010) Livelihood Insecurity and Social Conflict in Nepal.

96 Gómez-Lobo, Andrés, Vivien Foster, and Jonathan Halpern. "Information and modeling issues in designing water and sanitation subsidy schemes." (2000) World Bank Policy Research Working Paper No. 2345.

97 Goyal, Aparajita. "Attaining the health and education millennium development goals in Nepal." (2007) World Bank South Asia Human Development Discussion Paper Series .

98 Grace, Jeremy, Charles Kenny, Christine Z Qiang, Jia Liu, and Taylor Reynolds. "Information and communication technologies and broad-based development: A partial review of the evidence." (2004) World Bank Working Paper No. 12.

99 Graner, Elvira. "Labor markets and migration in Nepal." Mountain Research and Development 21, no. 3 (2001): 253-259.

100 Graner, Elvira, and Ganesh Gurung. "Arab ko lahure: looking at Nepali labour migrants to Arabian countries." Contributions to Nepalese Studies 30, no. 2 (2003): 295-325.

101 Grimsrud, Kristine, Mani Nepal, and Apsara Nepal. "Unbelievable but true: improved cookstoves are not helpful in reducing firewood demand in Nepal." Environment and Development Economics 16, no. 01 (2011): 1-23.

102 Grosh, Margaret E, and Paul Glewwe. "A guide to Living Standards Measurement Study surveys and their data sets." Living Standards Measurement Study Working Paper No. 120 World Bank Publications, no. Discussion Paper No. 302 (1995).

103 Grosh, Margaret E, and Paul Glewwe Glewwe. "Data watch: The World Bank's Living Standards Measurement Study household surveys." Journal of Economic Perspectives 12, no. 1 (1998): 187-196.

104 Grosh, Margaret E, and Juan Mufnoz. "A manual for planning and implementing the living standards measurement study survey." (1996)

105 Gubhaju, Bina, and Stephen A Matthews. "Women’s empowerment, sociocultural contexts, and reproductive behaviour in Nepal." Asia-Pacific Population Journal 24, no. 2 (2003): 25.

106 Gurung, Harka. "Inclusive human development in Nepal." (2006)

107 Gurung, Harlca. "The Dalit context." (2005)

108 Gurung, Kamala, Pradeep Tulachan, and Devendra Gauchan. "Gender and social dynamics in livestock management: a case study from three ecological zones in Nepal." (2005)

109 Gurung, Shobha Hamal. "Women weavers in Nepal: between global market and local craft production." (2004) The power of women's informal networks: lessons in social change from South Asia to West Africa.

110 Haddad, Lawrence, Harold Alderman, Simon Appleton, Lina Song, and Yisehac Yohannes Yohannes. "Reducing child undernutrition: how far does income growth take us?." FCND Discussion Paper NO. 137 FCND DP, no. No.137 (2002).

111 Haddad, Lawrence, Harold Alderman, Simon Appleton, Lina Song, and Yisehac Yohannes. "Reducing child malnutrition: How far does income growth take us?." World Bank Economic Review 17, no. 1 (2003): 107-1.

112 Haque, Muhammad Sirajul, and Debbie Barman. "Determinants of household healthcare expenditure in Chittagong, Bangladesh." The IUP Journal of Applied Economics IX, no. 2 (2010): 5-13.

113 Hatlebakk, Magnus. "Agrarian change in Maoist influenced areas of Nepal." (2009)

114 Hatlebakk, Magnus. Attached labor in Nepal: A field-study of landlord-labor relations that are misrepresented in the Nepal-LSMS data. 2004.

115 Hatlebakk, Magnus. "Capacity-constrained collusive price discrimination in the Informal rural credit markets of Nepal." Review of Development Economics 13, no. 1 (2009): 70-86.

116 Hatlebakk, Magnus. "Economic and social structures that may explain the recent conflicts in the Terai of Nepal." (2007)

117 Hatlebakk, Magnus. "Explaining Maoist control and level of civil conflict in Nepal." (2009)

118 Hatlebakk, Magnus. "Inclusive growth in Nepal." (2008)

119 Hatlebakk, Magnus. LSMS data quality in Maoist influenced areas of Nepal. 2007.

120 Hatlebakk, Magnus. Malnutrition in South-Asia: poverty, diet or lack of female empowerment?. Bergen, Norway: Chr Michelsen Institute (CMI), 2012.

121 Hatlebakk, Magnus. "Maoist control and level of civil conflict in Nepal." South Asia Economic Journal 11, no. 1 (2010): 99.

122 Hatlebakk, Magnus. "Son-preference, number of children, education and occupational choice in rural Nepal." (2012) CMI Working Paper.

123 Hatlebakk, Magnus. The effects of agrarian contracts of a governmental intervention into bonded labor in the western terai of Nepal. 2006.

124 Hatlebakk, Magnus. Triadic power relations with production, external markets and multiple agents. 2002.

125 Hatlebakk, Magnus. Why the poor can gain from increased interest rates in Grameen Bank. 2000.

126 Hatlebakk, Magnus. Will more credit increase interest rates in rural Nepal?. 2000.

127 Haugen, Norunn. The informal credit market: A study of default and informal lending in Nepal. 2005.

128 Heltberg, Rasmus. "Household fuel and energy use in developing countries: A multi-country study." (2003)

129 Hertz, Tom, Ana P de la O Campos, Alberto Zezza, Carlo Azzarri, Paul Winters, Esteban J Quiñones, and Benjamin Davis. "Wage inequality in international perspective: Effects of location, sector, and gender." FAO-IFAD-ILO Workshop on "Gaps, Trends and Current Research in Gender Dimensions of Agricultural and Rural Employment: Differentiated Pathways Out of Poverty". Rome, Italy, March/April, 2009.

130 Honohan, Patrick. "Banking sector crises and inequality." (2005) World Bank Policy Research Working Paper No. 3659.

131 Hotchkiss, R. "Expansion of rural health care and the use of maternal services in Nepal." Health & Place 7, no. 1 (2001): 39 - .

132 Hotchkiss, David R, Nancy B Mock, and Eric E Seiber. "The effect of the health care supply environment on children's nutritional status in rural Nepal." Journal of Biosocial Science 34, no. 02 (2002): 173-1.

133 Jacoby, Hanan. "Access to markets and the benefits of rural roads." Economic Journal 110, no. 465 (2000): 713-3.

134 Jha, Bidya Nath. "Potential non-timber forest products for rural livelihood support in Tehrathum District of Nepal." Dissertion, Tribhuvan University Institute of Forestry, 2002.

135 Jha, Kishore. "Informal labour in the construction industry in Nepal." (2002) INTERNATIONAL LABOUR ORGANIZATION Sectoral Activities Programme.

136 Joshi, Niraj Prakash, and Keshav Lal Maharjan. "A study on rural poverty using inequality decomposition in Western hills of Nepal: a case of Gulmi district." (2008)

137 Joshi, Niraj Prakash, and Keshav Lall Maharjan. "Relationship between Income-poverty and food insecurity in rural far-western mid-hills of Nepal." (2009)

138 Kalyvas, Stathis. "Promises and pitfalls of an emerging research program: the microdynamics of civil war." (2008) Order, conflict and violence.

139 Kang, Sung Jin. "Are private transfers crowded out by public transfers? The case of Nepal." The Developing Economies 42, no. 4 (2004): 510-528.

140 Karki, Madhura. "Enhancing the role of IOE in shelter design and development in Nepal." (2007)

141 Karki, Yagya, Kiran Dev Pant, and Badri Raj Pande. A study on the economics of tobacco in Nepal. 2003.

142 Karki B, Yagya. "Status review: health, population and drinking water & sanitation sectors." (2005)

143 Karmacharya K, Binod. "Economic reforms in Nepal and their implications for trade, economic growth, inequality and poverty." South Asia Economic Journal 2, no. 1 (2001): 87-10.

144 Karmacharya K, Binod. "Impact of OECD countries’ agricultural liberalization on household welfare in Nepal." (2006)

145 Kayastha, R P, and N L Shrestha. "Housing and household characteristics and family structure." (2003) Population Monograph of Nepal.

146 Khanal, Dilli Raj, and Prakash Kumar Shrestha. Trade and investment linkages and coordination in Nepal: Impact on productivity and exports and business perceptions. 2008.

147 Koirala, C, M N Shrestha, M B Sapkota, and Meena Acharya. Gender equality and empowerment of women. 2007.

148 Komives, Kristin, Dale Whittington, and Xun Wu. "Energy Services for the World’s Poor - Energy and Development Report 2000." (2000) Energy use around the world—evidence from household surveys.

149 Komives, Kristin, Dale Whittington, and Xun Wu. Energy use around the world—Evidence from household surveys. 2000.

150 Komives, Kristin, Dale Whittington, and Xun Wu. "Infrastructure coverage and the poor: A global perspective." World Bank Policy Research Working Paper , no. 2551 (2001).

151 Komives, Kristin, Dale Whittington, and Xun Wu. "Utility Privatization and Regulation: A Fair Deal for Consumers?." (2003) Access to utilities by the poor: A global perspective.

152 Komives, Kristin, Dale Whittington, and Xun Wu i. Access to utilities by the poor. : United Nations University, World Institute for Development Economics Research, 2001.

153 Koolwal, B. "Son preference and child labor in Nepal: the household impact of sending girls to work." World Development 35, no. 5 (2007): 881 -.

154 Koolwal, Gayatri, and Ranjan Ray. Estimating the endogenously determined intrahousehold balance of power and its impact on expenditure pattern: evidence from Nepal. 2002.

155 Kuiper, Marijke, Manda S Keita , and Bruno Barbier. Developing country impacts - Evaluating case studies. : System for Environmental and Agricultural Modelling; Linking European Science and Society (SEAMLESS), 2007.

156 Kumar, Bal. "Migration, poverty and development in Nepal." Asian and Pacific migration journal 13, no. 2 (2004): 205-232.

157 Lanjouw, Jean Olson. "Demystifying poverty lines." (1998)

158 Lanjouw, Jean Olson, and Peter Lanjouw. "How to compare apples and oranges: poverty measurement based on different definitions of consumption." Review of Income and Wealth 47, no. 1 (2001): 25-42.

159 Leahy, Eimear, Sean Lyons, and Richard S Tol. "National determinants of vegetarianism." (2010) Economic and Social Research Institute (ESRI) Working Paper.

160 Libois, François. "Households in Times of War." (2016)

161 Lokshin, Michael, Mikhail Bontch-Osmolovski, and Elena Glinskaya. "Work-related migration and poverty reduction in Nepal." (2007) Migration and Poverty: Towards Better Opportunities for the Poor.

162 Loughran, David, and Lant Pritchett. "Environmental scarcity, resource collection, and the demand for children in Nepal." (1997)

163 Lu, Chunling, Brian Chin, Guohong Li, and Christopher J Murray. "Limitations of methods for measuring out-of-pocket and catastrophic private health expenditures." (2009) Bulletin of the World Health Organization.

164 Macours, K. "Relative deprivation and civil conflict in Nepal." Himalayan Policy Research Conference. Wisconsin, 2006.

165 Maitra, Pushkar. "Effect of socioeconomic characteristics on age at marriage and total fertility in Nepal." Journal of health, population, and nutrition 22, no. 1 (2004): 84.

166 Maltsoglou, Irini, and Kiyoshi Taniguchi. "Poverty, livestock and household typologies in Nepal." (2004) ESA Working Paper No. 04-15.

167 Menon, M, Federico Perali, and Furio c Rosati. The shadow wage of child labour: an application to Nepal. 2005.

168 Menon, M, F Perali, and F Rosati. Estimation of the contribution of child labour to the formation of rural incomes: An application to Nepal. 2004.

169 Menon, Nidhiya. "The effect of rainfall uncertainty on occupational choice in Rural Nepal." (2006) SSRN eLibrary.

170 Migotto, Mauro, Benjamin Davis, Gero Carletto, and Kathleen Beegle. "Measuring food security using respondents’ perception of food consumption adequacy." (2005) ESA Working Paper No. 05-10.

171 Milanovic, Branko. "True world income distribution, 1988 and 1993: First calculations, based on household surveys alone." World Bank Policy Research Working Paper , no. 2244 (1999).

172 Mitra, Anirban, and Shabana Mitra. "Redistribution of Economic Resources due to Conflict: The Maoist Uprising in Nepal." (2015)

173 Mittra, S, and B Kumar. Encyclopaedia of women in South Asia: Nepal. : Gyan Publishing House, 2004.

174 Muller-Boker, Ulrike, and Susan Thieme. "Livelihood strategies in a marginal area of Nepal (Far West Nepal), with an emphasis on labour migration to India." Issues in geographical marginality. 2007.

175 Mulmi, Abhiman Das. "Green road approach in rural road construction for the sustainable development of Nepal." Journal of Sustainable Development 2, no. 3 (2009): P149.

176 Nanthikesan, S. "Trends in digital divide." (2000)

177 Nepal, Mani, and Alok Bohara. "Micro-level estimation and decomposition of poverty and inequality in Nepal." (2010)

178 Nepal, Mani, Alok Bohara, and Robert Berrens. "The impacts of social networks and household forest conservation efforts in rural Nepal." Land Economics 83, no. 2 (2007): 174-1.

179 Nepal, Mani, Alok Bohara, and Kishore Gawande. "More inequality, more killings: the Maoist insurgency in Nepal." (2008)

180 Nepal, Mani, Alok K Bohara, and Gawande Gawande. "Inequality, polarization and violent conflict: the Maoist insurgency in Nepal." (2007)

181 Nishimizu, Mieko, Kenichi Ohashi, Richard Skolnik, Grant Sinclair, Brajesh Panth, and Keith Hinchliffe. "Nepal: Priorities and strategies for education reform." (2001) Human Development Unit South Asia Region.

182 Nyyssola, Milla. Women's status and children's food security in Nepal. 2007.

183 Ojha P, Durga. Inventory of Poverty and Impact Monitoring (PIM) Approaches in Nepal. 2004.

184 Paalman, Maria. "Macroeconomics and health Nepal situational analysis." (2004) World Health.

185 Pant, Dhruba, Kamal Raj Gautam, Sabita Shakya, and Deepak Adhikari. "Multiple use schemes: benefit to smallholders." (2007)

186 Pariyar P, Madan. "Water and poverty linkages in mountainous areas: A case study from Nepal." (2003) Water and Poverty Linkages: ater and Poverty Linkages: Case Studies from Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka.

187 Pattanayak, Subhrendu K, Jui-Chen Yang, Dale Whittington, and K. C. Bal Kumar. "Coping with unreliable public water supplies: averting expenditures by households in Kathmandu, Nepal." Water Resour. Res. 41, no. 2 (2005): W0201.

188 Pokharel, Binod. "An analysis of the rural poverty from people's perspectives: A case study from Amarpur VDC of Panchthar District." Occasional Papers in Sociology and Anthropology 6, no. 0 (2008): 63.

189 Pokhrel, Subhash. "Determinants of parental reports of children's illnesses: Empirical evidence from Nepal." Social Science & Medicine 65, no. 6 (2007): 1106-.

190 Pokhrel, Subhash, Budi Hidayat, Steffen Flessa, and Rainer Sauerborn. "Modelling the effectiveness of financing policies to address underutilization of children's health services in Nepal." (2005)

191 Pokhrel, Subhash, and Rainer Sauerborn. "Household decision-making on child health care in developing countries: the case of Nepal." (2004) Health Policy and Planning.

192 Pokhrel, Subhash, Rachel Snow, Hengjin Dong, Budi Hidayat, Steffen Flessa, and Rainer Sauerborn. Gender role and child health care utilization in Nepal. : Elsevier Scientific Publishers, 2005.

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