Safety Nets Project Baseline Survey, 2012
Niger, 2012
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NER_2012_SNPIE-BL_v02_M
Safety Nets Project Baseline Survey, 2012
| Name | Country code |
|---|---|
| Niger | NER |
This is the baseline survey for the Niger Safety Nets Project and the impact evaluation of its cash transfer component.
As part of the impact evaluation of the Niger Safety Nets Project, the Government of Niger contracted the National Statistical Agency to conduct a baseline survey in 6 communes participating in the first phase of the cash transfer program. The communes covered by the baseline survey include Tibiri and Guecheme in the region of Dosso, as well as Sae Saboua, Guidan Sori, Gangara and Tchadoua in the region of Maradi. The survey was implemented in 2012 with technical support from the World Bank. It included a household survey and a child survey.
Sample survey data [ssd]
Households, as well as individuals and children aged 6-59 months old within households.
Version
Edited, anonymized version for public distribution
2023-10-19
Coverage
The baseline survey covers 151 clusters of villages in 6 communes from the regions of Dosso and Maradi:
- Tibiri and Guecheme in the region of Dosso,
- Sae Saboua, Guidan Sori, Gangara and Tchadoua in the region of Maradi
Producers and sponsors
| Name | Affiliation |
|---|---|
| Patrick Premand | World Bank |
| Name | Role |
|---|---|
| Cellule Filets Sociaux, Gouvernement du Niger | Funded baseline survey data collection |
| World Bank Strategic Impact Evaluation Fund | Funded part of the baseline analysis |
Sampling
The communes covered by the baseline survey include Tibiri and Guecheme in the region of Dosso, as well as Sae Saboua, Guidan Sori, Gangara and Tchadoua in the region of Maradi. In these communes, over 500 villages were eligible for the first phase of the Cash Transfer Program, many more that the project could serve. Given the difficulty to find transparent targeting criteria to prioritize villages within communes, the project team decided to implement public lotteries to select beneficiary villages among all equally eligible villages. Within commune, a randomization procedure is used to select beneficiary villages through public lotteries in presence of village chiefs, commune authorities and program staff. Prior to performing the randomization, small villages were grouped into clusters containing at least 150 households. The randomization was performed by clusters, and stratified to ensure an equal probability of selection for nomadic and sedentary villages. In addition to selecting villages to benefit from the cash transfer project, a number of control villages were also drawn to be sampled at baseline. Since the baseline sample of clusters for the evaluation is obtained through randomization among all clusters of villages selected communes, it is representative of these communes. The final evaluation sample includes 151 clusters (244 villages).
Prior to the baseline survey, a listing exercise was undertaken in all villages in the evaluation sample. Based on this household listing, screening criteria were applied to exclude ineligible households, defined by program documents as those with self-reported income higher than a pre-set threshold. Approximately 20% of households were deemed ineligible based on these criteria. The listing of households eligible to the cash transfer program constitutes the sampling frame for the baseline survey. It is representative of households eligible for the cash transfer program at the commune level. Therefore, the evaluation sample is representative of eligible households in communes eligible to the cash transfer program. The evaluation sample was drawn by taking a random sample of 30 eligible households from the sampling frame in each cluster.
The sample size was established through power calculations for the impact evaluation of the Niger Safety Nets project. Specifically, the baseline sample size was chosen in order to be able to identify minimum detectable effects of 0.25 standard deviations with a power of 0.9, requiring at least 50 clusters with 10 potential beneficiary households in each treatment arm (on average, one third of sampled households were expected to be chosen to receive the program after the baseline was completed and a targeting mechanism applied). This sample size also allows identifying minimum detectable effects of 0.22 standard deviations with a power of 0.8. All power calculations were undertaken with intra-cluster correlations of 0.05, as well as with a standard significance threshold of 0.05. These are the power calculations that were undertaken when planning the baseline data collection.
During implementation of the baseline survey, some issues were found with the listing. Indeed, the listing also included households who were registered to pay taxes in the village, even if they physically were located elsewhere. For that reason, a list of replacement households was provided to the field teams. Replacement of households not physically located in the village was subject to strict guidelines and quality control. Overall, 14.5% of households in the original sample ended up being replaced as they in fact were paying taxes in the village, but where in fact located elsewhere (often in urban areas).
The original sample included 4514 households. The actual sample includes 4330 households, a completion rate of 95.9%.
Survey instrument
The baseline survey included two separate instruments: 1) a household survey and 2) a survey for children aged 6 to 59 months old.
The household survey instrument builds on the comprehensive 2011 Niger LSMS-ISA survey instrument, in order to ensure consistency and comparability of core poverty and human development indicators with the nationally representative survey. Table 1 provides the full break-down of the household survey modules.
Table 1: Summary of Household Survey Modules
Sections Content
Section 0.A Household Roster and Socio-Demographic Characteristics
Section 0.B Education
Section 1.A and 1.B Health
Section 1.C Reproductive health for women
Section 2.A, 2.B, 2.C Employment
Section 3 Household Enterprises
Section 4 Dwelling Characteristics
Section 5.A Household Durable Goods
Section 5.B Livestock
Section 5.C Saving Groups
Section 5.D Land
Section 6 Shocks
Section 7 Transfers
Section 8.A Non-Food Expenditures in last 7 days
Section 8.B Non-Food Expenditures in last 30 days
Section 8.C Non-Food Expenditures in last 6 months
Section 8.D Non-Food Expenditures in last 12 months
Section 8.E Expenditures for Ceremonies in last 12 months
Section 9.A Food Expenditures in last 7 days
Section 9.B Food Security
Section 10 Essential Family Practices
Section 11 Social Relations
The survey for children aged 6-59 months builds on the MICS questionnaire. Table 2 provides the full break-down of the household survey modules.
Table 2: Summary of Child Survey Modules
Content of Child Survey
Sections Content
Section 0 Identification
Section 1 Age
Section 2 Nutrition and Health
Section 3 Parenting Practices
Section 4 Anthropometrics
The child questionnaire also included a cognitive test to measure cognitive development among children below 42 months. At the time of data documentation, the cognitive test is being validated by a team of psycho-metrician and will be added to the next round of data documentation.
Data collection
| Start | End |
|---|---|
| 2012-03-01 | 2012-06-30 |
- Face-to-face [f2f]
The coordination team included two survey coordinators at INS. The supervision team from the World Bank and Safety Nets project included a child development specialist, a field coordinator, and two quality controllers. The supervision team also worked in collaboration with local project offices. Thorough quality control procedures were put in place, with systematic verifications of questionnaires by enumerators and supervisors. Additional verifications, including household visits, were undertaken by the coordination and quality control teams continuously over the full survey period.
The baseline survey data collection was undertaken by the National Statistical Agency (INS), with technical support from the World Bank and the Safety Nets Project staff. The baseline survey for the impact evaluation was collected over a two-months period between April and June 2012. Preparatory activities took place between January and April 2012, including survey pre-testing and training of enumerators. Data entry took place following the survey took place between July and October 2012.
Prior to the baseline survey, a listing exercise was undertaken in all villages in the evaluation sample. Based on this household listing, screening criteria were applied to exclude ineligible households, defined by program documents as those with self-reported income higher than a pre-set threshold. Approximately 20% of households were deemed ineligible based on these criteria. The listing of households eligible to the cash transfer program constitutes the sampling frame for the baseline survey.
During implementation of the baseline survey, some issues were found with the listing. Indeed, the listing also included households who were registered to pay taxes in the village, even if they physically were located elsewhere. For that reason, a list of replacement households was provided to the field teams. Replacement of households not physically located in the village was subject to strict guidelines and quality control.
The original sample included 4514 households. The actual sample includes 4330 households, a completion rate of 95.9%. Table 3 provides the composition of the sample by commune.
Table 3: Composition of the baseline sample by commune
Number of Clusters Number of Villages Number of Households in Baseline Sample Number of children in child survey
Tibiri 23 27 653 790
Guecheme 30 43 849 900
Gangara 14 20 411 622
Tchadoua 25 49 719 1091
Sae Saboua 32 56 921 1464
Guidan Sorry 27 49 777 1264
Total 151 244 4330 6131
Household and child survey teams were following each other in the different clusters.Child survey teams collected the data from households that had already been visited by the household survey team, who were responsible for refer children eligible for the child survey to the child survey teams. To ensure a smooth transition between the two teams, the household survey teams pre-filled information on the location and identification in the child questionnaire, before passing them to the child survey team.
Child survey teams were responsible for collecting data for all children identified by the household survey team. The household survey listing provided the sampling frame of the child survey. 6965 children were originally identified by the household team as between 6 and 59 months old, and referred to the child survey team. In case of doubt as to whether a child was over or under 5, household teams were instructed to also refer the child to the survey team. In practice, this happens for some children under 6 months old, as well as for many children reports as being 5 years old. In total, 7226 children were referred to the child survey team . The child survey team was thoroughly trained to establish ages. Upon further verification, 924 children were older than 59 months on the day of the interview, and 169 children less than 6 months old.
Data collection for the child survey was undertaken through interviews with the main caregiver of the child, in the household. Anthropometric measurement and cognitive tests were undertaken in presence of the caregiver.
Field teams for the survey included 6 household survey teams and 6 child survey teams. The household survey team included one supervisor and three enumerators. The child survey team included a supervisor, an enumerator, a test administrator, and a person in charge of anthropometric measurement.
Depositor information
| Name |
|---|
| Human Development Network (HDN) |
Data Access
| Name | Affiliation |
|---|---|
| Patrick Premand | World Bank |
| Confidentiality declaration text |
|---|
| The data has been anonymized. |
Use of the dataset must be acknowledged using a citation which would include:
- the Identification of the Primary Investigator
- the title of the survey (including country, acronym and year of implementation)
- the survey reference number
- the source and date of download
Example:
Patrick Premand (World Bank). Niger - Safety Nets Project Baseline Survey, 2012 (SSN-BL 2012). Ref: NER_2012_SNPIE-BL_v02_M. Downloaded from [uri] on [date].
Disclaimer and copyrights
The user of the data acknowledges that the original collector of the data, the authorized distributor of the data, and the relevant funding agency bear no responsibility for use of the data or for interpretations or inferences based upon such uses.
Contacts
| Name | Affiliation | |
|---|---|---|
| Patrick Premand | World Bank | ppremand@worldbank.org |
Metadata production
DDI_NER_2012_SNPIE-BL_v02_M_WB
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Development Data Group | World Bank | Documentation of the study |
2024-02-14
Metadata version
Version 02 (2024-02-14)
Version 2 - Added survey weights and up to date citations