DDI_SYR_2009_ES_v01_M_WB Antonina Redko <_value> NADA Version 01 Enterprise Survey 2009 ES 2009 SYR_2009_ES_v01_M_WB World Bank NADA World Bank Enterprise Survey [en/oth] An Enterprise Survey is a firm-level survey of a representative sample of an economy's private sector. Firm-level surveys have been conducted since 1998 by different units within the World Bank. Since 2005-06, most data collection efforts have been centralized within the Enterprise Analysis Unit. Enterprise Surveys are conducted every three to four years across all geographic regions and cover small, medium, and large companies. Data are used to create indicators that benchmark the quality of the business and investment climate across countries. The objective of the survey is to obtain feedback from enterprises in client countries on the state of the private sector as well as to help in building a panel of enterprise data that will make it possible to track changes in the business environment over time, thus allowing, for example, impact assessments of reforms. Through interviews with firms in the manufacturing and services sectors, the survey assesses the constraints to private sector growth and creates statistically significant business environment indicators that are comparable across countries. The standard Enterprise Survey topics include firm characteristics, gender participation, access to finance, annual sales, costs of inputs/labor, workforce composition, bribery, licensing, infrastructure, trade, crime, competition, capacity utilization, land and permits, taxation, informality, business-government relations, innovation and technology, and performance measures. Over 90% of the questions objectively ascertain characteristics of a country’s business environment. The remaining questions assess the survey respondents’ opinions on what are the obstacles to firm growth and performance. The mode of data collection is face-to-face interviews. Syrian Arab Republic National Regions covered are selected based on the number of establishments, contribution to employment, and value added. In most cases these regions are metropolitan areas and reflect the largest centers of economic activity in a country. The primary sampling unit of the study is the establishment. An establishment is a physical location where business is carried out and where industrial operations take place or services are provided. A firm may be composed of one or more establishments. For example, a brewery may have several bottling plants and several establishments for distribution. For the purposes of this survey an establishment must make its own financial decisions and have its own financial statements separate from those of the firm. An establishment must also have its own management and control over its payroll. The manufacturing and services sectors are the primary business sectors of interest. This corresponds to firms classified with International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities (ISIC) codes 15-37, 45, 50-52, 55, 60-64, and 72 (ISIC Rev.3.1). Formal (registered) companies with 5 or more employees are targeted for interview. Services firms include construction, retail, wholesale, hotels, restaurants, transport, storage, communications, and IT. Firms with 100% government/state ownership are not eligible to participate in an Enterprise Survey. Sample survey data [ssd] Face-to-face [f2f] The current survey instruments is available: - Syria Enterprise Survey Manufacturing plus Services Module Questionnaire The standard Enterprise Survey topics include firm characteristics, gender participation, access to finance, annual sales, costs of inputs/labor, workforce composition, bribery, licensing, infrastructure, trade, crime, competition, capacity utilization, land and permits, taxation, informality, business-government relations, innovation and technology, and performance measures. Over 90% of the questions objectively ascertain characteristics of a country’s business environment. The remaining questions assess the survey respondents’ opinions on what are the obstacles to firm growth and performance. Private contractors conduct the Enterprise Surveys on behalf of the World Bank. Due to sensitive survey questions addressing business-government relations and corruption-related topics, private contractors are preferred over any government agency or an organization/institution associated with government, and are hired by the World Bank to collect the data. The Enterprise Surveys are usually implemented following a two-stage procedure. In the first stage, a screener questionnaire is applied over the phone to determine eligibility and to make appointments; in the second stage, a face-to-face interview takes place with the Manager/Owner/Director of each establishment. Sometimes the survey respondent calls company accountants and human resource managers into the interview to answer questions in the sales and labor sections of the survey. All Enterprise Surveys are conducted in the local languages. Data entry and quality controls are implemented by the contractor and data is delivered to the World Bank in batches (typically 10%, 50% and 100%). These data deliveries are checked for logical consistency, out of range values, skip patterns, and duplicate entries. Problems are flagged by the World Bank and corrected by the implementing contractor through data checks, callbacks, and revisiting establishments. Confidentiality of the survey respondents and the sensitive information they provide is necessary to ensure the greatest degree of survey participation, integrity and confidence in the quality of the data. Surveys are usually carried out in cooperation with business organizations and government agencies promoting job creation and economic growth, but confidentiality is never compromised. Where necessary please site the source as "Enterprise Analysis Unit - World Bank Group https://www.enterprisesurveys.org" Aggregate indicators based on Enterprise Survey data are available to the public at https://www.enterprisesurveys.org Firm-level data is also available to the public free-of-charge. In order to access the firm-level data, users must agree to abide by a strict confidentiality agreement available through Enterprise Analysis Unit website by clicking on "External users register here" at https://www.enterprisesurveys.org/Portal The user of the data acknowledges that the original collector of the data, the authorized distributor of the data, and the relevant funding agency bear no responsibility for use of the data or for interpretations or inferences based upon such uses. Syria-2009--full data- The file contains the cleaned, raw database. Questions' wording for all variables can be found in "Syria Enterprise Survey Manufacturing plus Services Module Questionnaire" in "Questionnaires" folder. 508 405 WEB STD FIRMID WEB STD FIRMID WEB STD FIRMID WEB STD FIRMID WEB STD FIRMID 508 470101 470608 470354.5 146.791 Unique ID for each observation SERIAL NUMBER SERIAL NUMBER SERIAL NUMBER SERIAL NUMBER SERIAL NUMBER 508 1 508 254.5 146.791 Country code Country code Country code Country code Country code CONTROL INFORMATION [TO BE COMPLETED BEFORE INTERVIEW] Country: self-explanatory 508 130 Syria Location / Governorate Location / Governorate Location / Governorate Location / Governorate Location / Governorate CONTROL INFORMATION [TO BE COMPLETED BEFORE INTERVIEW] 508 1 Damascus 2 Aleppo 3 Hama 4 Homs 5 Lattakia City/town City/town City/town City/town City/town CONTROL INFORMATION [TO BE COMPLETED BEFORE INTERVIEW] 508 Aleppo Damascus Damascus Country Hama Homs Lattakia Sector 1 Sector 1 Sector 1 Sector 1 Sector 1 CONTROL INFORMATION [TO BE COMPLETED BEFORE INTERVIEW] Codification of a3x into regions of homogeneous regulation and or business environment conditions, for ex. into regional clusters 508 10 Food processing 13 Textiles 14 Garments 20 Chemicals 22 Plastics & rubber 23 Non metallic mineral products 24 Basic metals 25 Fabricate metal products 26 Electronics (31 & 32) 28 Machinery and equipment 32 Other manufacturing 41 Construction 46 Wholesale 47 Retail 50 Other services 62 IT 79 Tourism Sector 2 Sector 2 Sector 2 Sector 2 Sector 2 CONTROL INFORMATION [TO BE COMPLETED BEFORE INTERVIEW] 69 439 10 Food processing 13 Textiles 14 Garments 20 Chemicals 22 Plastics & rubber 23 Non metallic mineral products 24 Basic metals 25 Fabricate metal products 26 Electronics (31 & 32) 28 Machinery and equipment 32 Other manufacturing 41 Construction 46 Wholesale 47 Retail 50 Other services 62 IT 79 Tourism Sysmiss Sampling size Sampling size Sampling size Sampling size Sampling size CONTROL INFORMATION [TO BE COMPLETED BEFORE INTERVIEW] Classification of the establishment's activity as defined in the sample frame 507 1 1 Small ( >=5 and <=19) 2 Medium (=20 and <=99) 3 Large( >=100) Sysmiss Screener Size Screener Size Screener Size Screener Size Screener Size CONTROL INFORMATION [TO BE COMPLETED BEFORE INTERVIEW] Classification of the establishment's activity as defined by the screener questionnaire 507 1 1 Small ( >=5 and <=19) 2 Medium (=20 and <=99) 3 Large( >=100) Sysmiss what percent of this establishment's total annual sales came from manufacturing what percent of this establishment's total annual sales came from manufacturing what percent of this establishment's total annual sales came from manufacturing what percent of this establishment's total annual sales came from manufacturing what percent of this establishment's total annual sales came from manufacturing CONTROL INFORMATION [TO BE COMPLETED BEFORE INTERVIEW] In fiscal year 2008, what percent of this establishment's total annual sales came from the following activities: Manufacturing 508 100 54.665 43.565 what percent of this establishment's total annual sales came from services what percent of this establishment's total annual sales came from services what percent of this establishment's total annual sales came from services what percent of this establishment's total annual sales came from services what percent of this establishment's total annual sales came from services CONTROL INFORMATION [TO BE COMPLETED BEFORE INTERVIEW] In fiscal year 2008, what percent of this establishment's total annual sales came from the following activities: Services ( Includes commerce retail and wholesale) 508 100 41.368 42.919 what percent of this establishment's total annual sales came from others what percent of this establishment's total annual sales came from others what percent of this establishment's total annual sales came from others what percent of this establishment's total annual sales came from others what percent of this establishment's total annual sales came from others CONTROL INFORMATION [TO BE COMPLETED BEFORE INTERVIEW] In fiscal year 2008, what percent of this establishment's total annual sales came from the following activities: Other 508 100 3.967 18.281 Interviewer code Interviewer code Interviewer code Interviewer code Interviewer code CONTROL INFORMATION [TO BE COMPLETED BEFORE INTERVIEW] Size of the establishment taken from the sample frame 508 ABD AD AH AK AKH AM AZ BA BS DD DH FR FS HZ LO LT MA MBA MD MK MN MNA MO MS MT NB NK RA RAM RH RS RZ SF SH TA VK YN ZK Interviewer code 2 Interviewer code 2 Interviewer code 2 Interviewer code 2 Interviewer code 2 CONTROL INFORMATION [TO BE COMPLETED BEFORE INTERVIEW] Size of the establishment as determined with the screener questionnaire 130 AH AK AM BS DH FR HZ LO LT M3 MA MBA MD MN MO MS MT NK NKH RA RAM RZ SF SH TA Supervisor code Supervisor code Supervisor code Supervisor code Supervisor code CONTROL INFORMATION [TO BE COMPLETED BEFORE INTERVIEW] 504 NKH Supervisor code 2 Supervisor code 2 Supervisor code 2 Supervisor code 2 Supervisor code 2 CONTROL INFORMATION [TO BE COMPLETED BEFORE INTERVIEW] 508 FR KF LT MWS NKH YN Time face-to-face interview begins: Time face-to-face interview begins: Time face-to-face interview begins: Time face-to-face interview begins: Time face-to-face interview begins: 503 06-01 06-02 06-03 06-04 06-06 06-07 06-08 06-10 06-11 06-27 07-01 07-02 07-05 07-06 07-07 07-08 07-11 07-12 08-01 08-02 08-03 08-04 08-05 08-06 08-07 08-08 08-10 08-11 08-12 09-01 09-06 09-07 09-08 Hour Hour Hour Hour Hour 499 9 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Sysmiss Minutes Minutes Minutes Minutes Minutes 499 9 57 2 3 5 7 8 9 10 11 12 15 17 20 25 27 30 31 33 35 38 39 40 43 45 50 55 57 Sysmiss AM/PM AM/PM AM/PM AM/PM AM/PM 499 AM PM Company / Establishment name Company / Establishment name Company / Establishment name Company / Establishment name Company / Establishment name 508 11001 11002 11003 11004 11005 11006 11007 11008 11009 11010 11011 11012 11013 11014 11015 11016 11017 11018 11019 11020 11021 11022 11023 11024 11025 11026 11027 11028 11029 11030 11301 11302 11303 11304 11305 11306 11307 11308 11309 11310 11311 11312 11313 11314 11315 11316 11317 11318 11319 11320 11321 11322 11323 11324 11325 11326 11327 11328 11329 11330 11331 11332 11333 11334 11335 11336 11337 11338 11339 11401 11402 11403 11404 11405 11406 11407 11408 11409 11410 11411 11412 11413 11414 11415 11416 11417 11418 11419 11420 11421 11422 11423 11424 11425 11426 11427 11428 11429 11430 11431 11432 11433 11434 11435 11436 11437 11438 12001 12002 12003 12004 12005 12006 12007 12008 12009 12010 12011 12012 12013 12201 12202 12203 12204 12205 12206 12301 12302 12303 12304 12305 12306 12401 12402 12403 12501 12502 12601 12602 12603 12604 12605 12606 12801 12802 12803 12804 12805 12806 12807 12808 12809 13201 13202 13203 13204 13205 13206 13207 13208 13209 13210 13211 13212 13213 13214 13215 13216 13217 13218 13219 13220 14101 14102 14103 14104 14105 14106 14107 14601 14602 14603 14604 14605 14606 14607 14608 14609 14610 14611 14612 14613 14614 14615 14616 14617 14618 14619 14620 14701 14702 14703 14704 14705 14706 15001 15002 15003 15004 15005 15006 15007 15008 15009 15010 15011 15012 15013 15014 15015 15016 15017 15018 15019 15020 15021 15022 15023 15024 15025 15026 15027 15028 15029 15030 15031 15032 15033 15034 15035 15036 15037 15038 15039 15040 15041 15042 15043 15044 15045 15046 15047 15048 15049 16201 16202 16203 16204 16205 16206 17901 17902 17903 17904 17905 17906 17907 17908 17909 21001 21002 21003 21004 21005 21006 21007 21008 21009 21010 21011 21012 21013 21014 21015 21016 21017 21301 21302 21303 21304 21305 21306 21307 21308 21309 21310 21311 21312 21313 21314 21315 21316 21317 21318 21401 21402 21403 21404 21405 21406 21407 21408 21409 22001 22002 22003 22004 22005 22006 22007 22008 22009 22010 22011 22012 22013 22201 22301 22401 22601 22801 22802 22803 22804 22805 22806 23201 23202 23203 23204 23205 24101 24601 24602 24603 24604 24605 24701 24702 25001 25002 25003 25004 25005 26201 26202 27901 27902 27903 27904 27905 27906 27907 27908 31001 31002 31003 31004 31005 31006 31007 31008 31009 31010 31011 31012 31013 31014 31015 31016 31017 31018 31301 31302 31401 32001 32002 32003 32201 32202 32203 32204 32205 32301 32302 32601 33201 33202 33203 33204 33205 33206 34601 34602 35001 41001 41002 41003 41004 41005 41006 41007 41008 41301 41302 41303 41304 41401 41402 41403 41404 42001 42002 42003 42004 42005 42006 42201 42202 42203 42204 42301 42302 42501 42502 42801 42802 43201 43202 43203 43204 43205 43206 43207 43208 43209 43210 44101 44102 44601 44602 44603 44604 44605 44606 44607 45001 45002 45003 45004 45005 47901 51001 51002 51003 51004 51005 51006 51301 51401 52001 52201 52401 52402 52501 52801 52802 53201 53202 53203 53204 53205 53206 53207 53208 53209 53210 54101 54601 54602 54603 54701 54702 55001 55002 55003 55004 55005 55006 55007 55008 55009 55010 55011 57901 57902 95001 What is this firm's current legal status? What is this firm's current legal status? What is this firm's current legal status? What is this firm's current legal status? What is this firm's current legal status? 508 1 Cooperative (tadhamun)q 2 Tawsyia baseeta 3 Mixed company (mushtarika) 4 Shareholding company (musahama) 5 Holding company (qabidha) 6 Sole proprietorship (fardyia) 7 Partnership company (ta'awunyia) 8 Other Other Other Other Other Other 42 Limited liability S.O.E What percent of this firm is owned by Private domestic What percent of this firm is owned by Private domestic What percent of this firm is owned by Private domestic What percent of this firm is owned by Private domestic What percent of this firm is owned by Private domestic 508 100 96.085 17.781 What percent of this firm is owned by private foreign What percent of this firm is owned by private foreign What percent of this firm is owned by private foreign What percent of this firm is owned by private foreign What percent of this firm is owned by private foreign 508 100 1.278 8.386 Government/State Government/State Government/State Government/State Government/State 508 100 1.969 13.905 Other Other Other Other Other 508 100 0.669 7.866 How many Factories does your firm have in this country? How many Factories does your firm have in this country? How many Factories does your firm have in this country? How many Factories does your firm have in this country? How many Factories does your firm have in this country? 508 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 18 How many Stores does your firm have in this country? How many Stores does your firm have in this country? How many Stores does your firm have in this country? How many Stores does your firm have in this country? How many Stores does your firm have in this country? 508 25 1.772 3.371 How many Service Outlets does your firm have in this country How many Service Outlets does your firm have in this country How many Service Outlets does your firm have in this country How many Service Outlets does your firm have in this country How many Service Outlets does your firm have in this country 508 25 1.587 2.651 Is the principal owner (or one of the principal owners) a female Is the principal owner (or one of the principal owners) a female Is the principal owner (or one of the principal owners) a female Is the principal owner (or one of the principal owners) a female Is the principal owner (or one of the principal owners) a female 508 -9 DK 1 Yes 2 No Are any of the senior managers female? Are any of the senior managers female? Are any of the senior managers female? Are any of the senior managers female? Are any of the senior managers female? 508 -9 DK 1 Yes 2 No In what year did this establishment begin operations in this country In what year did this establishment begin operations in this country In what year did this establishment begin operations in this country In what year did this establishment begin operations in this country In what year did this establishment begin operations in this country 508 1887 1890 1916 1920 1924 1928 1929 1933 1939 1940 1942 1945 1949 1950 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1958 1960 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 First Product Description First Product Description First Product Description First Product Description First Product Description 337 Aba (Syrian traditional wear) Air conditioner Aluminium boards Aluminium for construction Aluminium for proofing Animal feed Animal feeding Animal feeds Antibiotic Antibiotics Artificial plants Bag Batteries Biscuit Biscuits Biscuits packages Blanket Block Blouse Boys’ clothes Building materials Cable holder Cable tray Candies Car refrigerator Caramel Cardiac pharmaceuticals Carpet preparation Carpeting Carpets Carton boxes Ceramic products Chairs Cheese Chicken peas Chicks Chocolate Chocolates Citrus Cleaning materials Cleaning materials & chemicals Cleaning/soap products Coffee meals Collateral, real estate Concrete Construction materials Construction of building Construction work Cooling systems Copper rods Corn starch Cotton Cotton cloth Cotton clothes Cotton dyeing Cotton pyjamas Cotton textile Cotton threads Cotton wear Cow feeds Crackers (food) Crème Chantilly Curtains Dairy products Daphne soap Detergents Double glaze system Droplet irrigation tubes Dry milk Dyeing clothes Dying hair ERP software Electric heaters Electric industrial equipments Electric keys Elevators Embroidery Fabric Fabrics Fan Fertilizers Filter Filters for all kind of cars Flagstones Floors Flour Folding doors Food machines Footwear Frozen chicken Frozen meat Full chicken Furnishing fabrics Furniture Furniture - hardware GRC cement Grain Growing of rice Hair dyeing Hair remover (expilation) Hard cheese Hardware Industrial machine services Industrial refrigerator Insecticide Iron 12mm Irrigation tubes Jacket Jackets Jam Jeans Jeans for men Juice Kids wear Kids wearing Kids wears Kids’ clothes Kids’ garments Kids’ tricot wear Kitchen accessories Knitted clothing Knitted wearing apparel Lady sweaters Lady's clothes Lady's suit Leather treatments Lighting for artificial roofs Lingerie Machines Man suit (mod.22) Mannequins Marmalade Meat & chicken Medical arm band-wrest band Medical lenses Medical textile Medicine syrups Medicines Melamine Men clothes Men shirts Men suits Men underwear Men wear Men’s socks Metallic blinds Milk & soda distribution Mineral water Mobile phones Molasses Mop Napkin liners for babies Notebooks Nylon Oil Oil extracts Olive oil Olive oil bottling Olives Organic fertilizers Orthopaedic shoes Outer switch (20k.volt) Paints Paper board Peanut Peanuts salted Pepsi cola Pharmaceuticals Phone cables Pipe Plant propagation Plasters Plastic Plastic bags Plastic bags in large size Plastic cabinets Plastic sacks Plastic shields Plastic slippers Polish sponge Polyester Potato chips Potato products Poultry breeding Praying carpets Prefabricated houses Print Printing and packaging Processing units Production lines (for dates) Production of eggs Pyjamas Raw material for food (oil) Raw materials for paints-alkyd Refined olive oil Refrigerators Rice Salt Scarves School uniforms Seeds Sets women Shirt Shirts Shoes Skirts Soft drink Soft drinks Solar power cells Spices Sport clothes Sport shoes Steam generator Steel Stumping, roll forming of metal Suits Surgical sterile strings Surveying instruments Sweaters Sweets Syrian sweets T shirts T-shirt T-shirts Tablets Textiles Thread Threads Tippers Tissues Tomato juice Tomato paste Tomato sauce Topcoat Towels Traditional soap Transportation Tricot Tricot clothes Trousers Tubes Turkish coffee Twisted metal Under wear Underwear Uniforms Velvet threads Vertical farming Virgin oil Vitamins Wafer biscuits Warehouse shelves Washing powder Washing up liquid Water based cooling machine Water heating by solar energy Water proof materials Wearing apparel Weaving of textile Weaving of textiles Wedding cards Wheat & sugar Women shoes Women wear Women wearing Women’s wea Wood cupboard Wood furniture Wool threads Writing and printing paper Yoghurt & derivatives Young chicken First Product Code First Product Code First Product Code First Product Code First Product Code 338 0111 0112 0119 0128 0130 0146 0150 0893 1010 1030 1040 1050 1061 1062 1071 1072 1073 1079 1080 1104 1311 1312 1313 1391 1392 1393 1399 1410 1430 1511 1512 1520 1622 1701 1702 1709 1710 1811 1812 2012 2013 2021 2022 2023 2029 2030 2100 2211 2219 2220 2310 2391 2392 2393 2394 2395 2396 2399 2410 2420 2432 2513 2592 2599 2610 2620 2651 2670 2720 2732 2750 2790 2815 2819 2824 2825 2829 3100 3250 3510 3530 4100 4329 4330 4630 4641 4652 4659 4663 4725 4741 4921 4923 5229 6201 6810 8292 9522 First Product % of total revenue First Product % of total revenue First Product % of total revenue First Product % of total revenue First Product % of total revenue 334 174 2 100 68.207 27.88 Second Product Description Second Product Description Second Product Description Second Product Description Second Product Description 214 Acrylic Adhesives Advertising Agriculture tools Aluminium for industry Aluminium held side Animal feed Anti-parasites Antibiotic Antibiotics Artificial ceilings Bags Blanket Blankets Blinds Blocks Bonbon Bottled corn Brick Building materials Building materials: abs Canned vegetable Capacitate boards Carpets Catering Chicken feeding Chicks Chocolate Chocolate cookies Cleaning chemicals Cloth upholstery Clothes dyeing Coating metal with plastic Coats Coffee Coil Construction equipment Control panels Cooling rooms Copper cables Copybook Cosmetics Cotton Cotton robes Cotton wearing Cottons Cottons covers Crackers Crème caramel Cupboards Dantel Dantel lingerie Development Diary Doctors’ uniforms Doors Dresses Dry juice Dyeing threads Dyeing yarns Escalators Extra virgin oil Fantasy textile Female suits Fertilizer First aid bandages Food Food flavours Foodstuff Frappe in (coffee drinks) Furniture Girls’ clothes Glass Glass for proofing Graphic paper Gum Hair conditioner Heater Heating machine Home refrigerator House shoes (slippers) Hygiene feminine products Ice Import-export food Incinerators of cement Industrial metal Industrial water cooling Infant wear Injections Insulation panels Iron 14mm Irrigation by dripping Jackets Jam Jam (marmalade) Jeans Kids clothes (+men's clothes) Kids wear Kids’ fashion Kids’ papers Kids’ shoes Kids’ socks Laurel soap Liquid polish Liquid soap Lycra Lycra underwear Machines for chemical product Maintenance Man suit (mod.18) Medical band Medical ropes Medical tissues (for burns) Medicine tablets Medicines Men and infant wearing Men footwear Men suits Men’s shirts Metallic hangers Metallic reservoirs Milk Mixed textile Modern shelves Mortadella Needle work Non electric household heaters Office supplies Olive oil Olive oil & tomato juice Oriental food Packaging machines Packaging tubes Paving stones Peanuts pulp Pens Pickles Plastic bags for animal feed Plastic boxes Plastic shoes Plumbing materials Polyester threads Porcelain products Premixes Printing Printing on textiles Proximol Pyjamas Robes Sheep feeds Shirts Signs Skirts Soap Soaps Socks Soft drinks Software Spider glaze system Sport wear Sports wear Sugar Suits Sweater Sweaters Syrup T-shirts Tables Tanning Tea Thermal isolation paint Thermal proof materials Threads Threads - textiles Threads of plastic Tomato sauce Tricot Tricot fabric Tricot women's clothes Twisted metal Underwear Veterinary medications Vitamins Walls Water filtering stations Watering tubes Wearing apparel Whitener/bleaching products Wholesale of fabrics Window blankets Women tricot wear Women underwear Women wear Wood Wood-plastic Wooden houses Wool threads shoe insole Second Product Code Second Product Code Second Product Code Second Product Code Second Product Code 214 0111 0128 0146 1010 1030 1040 1050 1061 1071 1072 1073 1075 1079 1080 1104 1311 1312 1313 1391 1392 1393 1399 1410 1511 1520 1610 1629 1709 1811 1812 2011 2013 2023 2029 2100 2219 2220 2310 2392 2393 2394 2396 2399 2410 2432 2512 2591 2593 2599 2610 2710 2732 2750 2790 2815 2819 2829 2932 3100 3250 3290 3530 4220 4322 4329 4330 4630 4641 4659 4725 5621 5820 7210 7310 9511 Second Product % of total revenue Second Product % of total revenue Second Product % of total revenue Second Product % of total revenue Second Product % of total revenue 211 297 1 90 28.929 15.106 First Product Description - Services Sector First Product Description - Services Sector First Product Description - Services Sector First Product Description - Services Sector First Product Description - Services Sector 129 Ads below the line (printings) Advertisement Advertising Advertising services Air condition Architects consult Cargo Cars Catering filed services Caterpillars Catheter products Cell phones Ceramic Chlorid acid Cleaning services Coffee Commercial printing Computer Computer supplies Computer training courses Concrete bumper Construction Construction engineering services Construction material wholesale Container transport by sea Contracting for central heating Cooling gas Corporate identity Courses Curtains textiles Customs clearance Dairy products Dentistry equipment Designing water jet cutting machines Drilling pipes Electricity generator Employment Energy generators Engineering activity Engineering studies Exhibition equipments Exhibition organizing Eye glasses Fair organization Fe oxide Fertilizers & nitrogen product Fire alarm systems Food Food products Food trade Furnaces G.F.R.C. Garden format Hearing aid devices Heavy machinery Hotel management House holdings Import car accessories Import of machinery Importing electrical generator Importing grains Importing used motors Industrial machinery Instant translation equipment Intra-cranial equipment Jewellery Land transportation Lingerie MRI equipment Maintenance Medical equipments Medical goods and equipments Medical insurance services Medication Men’s wears Office furniture Office supplies Organizing exhibitions PVC material Paints Pc format newspaper (ads) Personal protective equipment Pharmaceuticals for chicken Phones Prepaid (sim cards) Pump water Real-estate marketing Renting cars Renting shops Reservation & travel Reservation services Restaurant Room rent Screens Sea transportation Selling machinery Service list Spare parts Sport newspaper Sterilized TV production TV programming & broadcasting Televisions Ticketing Tourism Tourism (religious) Tourism services Tractors Training courses Transportation Travel services Underwear Water purification Water transportation Water well drilling Web design Women wear First Product Code - Services Sector First Product Code - Services Sector First Product Code - Services Sector First Product Code - Services Sector First Product Code - Services Sector 96 1392 1410 1811 1812 2012 2393 2829 2910 3312 3490 3600 4100 4220 4322 4510 4530 4610 4630 4641 4649 4651 4652 4656 4659 466 4663 4690 4721 4741 4752 4759 4772 4773 4921 4922 5012 5221 5222 5224 5510 5610 5621 5813 5911 6020 6399 6512 6820 7110 7310 7410 7790 7911 7990 8020 8230 8620 First Product % of total revenue - Services Sector First Product % of total revenue - Services Sector First Product % of total revenue - Services Sector First Product % of total revenue - Services Sector First Product % of total revenue - Services Sector 126 382 5 100 64.063 28.486 Second Product Description - Services Sector Second Product Description - Services Sector Second Product Description - Services Sector Second Product Description - Services Sector Second Product Description - Services Sector 89 Accounting & auditing Ads above the line (TV & radio) Advertising campaigns Advertising printing Atmospheric metrics Bedrooms & furniture Blood analysis equipment Bolts Building finishing Business training courses Calcium carbonate Canned food Car rental Catheter Ceramic Coffee machines Construction materials Construction services Construction vehicles Contracting for slide metal roller Cooling compressor Cotton wear DVD players Exhibition organization Exhibition utilities Export services Feed supplement Festivals & conferences Food Food products Forklift Furniture Furniture textiles Game consoles Hearing aid devices Home furniture Hotel booking House materials Import of material (oil) Incinerators Industry & elevator equipment Inside advertising Inspection and maintenance Instant translation service Irritation projects Kitchen electronics Laboratory equipment Land transportation Lawn mower Magnesium oxide Managing tourist groups Maritime transport Marketing services Media buyer Media services Medical equipment Mobile phone Mobile phones Newspaper Organizing trip Organizing trips Packaging Parts for new cars Plant watering Plumbing accessories Pos maintenance Prepaid (top-up cards) Project management Refrigerators Renewals Renovations Restaurant Security cameras Self-insurance Selling plane tickets Service contests Socks Software-cam Sounds equipments Stent (cardiac equipment) Street advertisement Technical services Ticketing Tourism services Tractor Transportation Waffle Water pump Wood Second Product Code - Services Sector Second Product Code - Services Sector Second Product Code - Services Sector Second Product Code - Services Sector Second Product Code - Services Sector 61 1392 1410 1811 2599 3312 3320 4100 4311 4322 4390 4510 4610 4630 4641 4646 4649 4652 4653 4659 4663 4690 4719 4741 4742 4759 4772 5012 5610 5621 6201 6209 6399 6512 7310 7710 7990 8230 8292 8299 Second Product % of total revenue - Services Sector Second Product % of total revenue - Services Sector Second Product % of total revenue - Services Sector Second Product % of total revenue - Services Sector Second Product % of total revenue - Services Sector 113 395 80 27.779 17.514 National sales as Last year's percent of sales National sales as Last year's percent of sales National sales as Last year's percent of sales National sales as Last year's percent of sales National sales as Last year's percent of sales 508 100 73.226 32.592 Indirect exports as Last year's percent of sales Indirect exports as Last year's percent of sales Indirect exports as Last year's percent of sales Indirect exports as Last year's percent of sales Indirect exports as Last year's percent of sales 508 100 7.589 18.413 Direct exports as Last year's percent of sales Direct exports as Last year's percent of sales Direct exports as Last year's percent of sales Direct exports as Last year's percent of sales Direct exports as Last year's percent of sales 508 100 19.185 30.137 percentage of domestic sales to the government percentage of domestic sales to the government percentage of domestic sales to the government percentage of domestic sales to the government percentage of domestic sales to the government 480 28 100 6.71 17.754 percentage of domestic sales to state owned firms percentage of domestic sales to state owned firms percentage of domestic sales to state owned firms percentage of domestic sales to state owned firms percentage of domestic sales to state owned firms 480 28 100 3.827 12.784 percentage of domestic sales to large Syrian private firms percentage of domestic sales to large Syrian private firms percentage of domestic sales to large Syrian private firms percentage of domestic sales to large Syrian private firms percentage of domestic sales to large Syrian private firms 480 28 100 19.071 27.897 percentage of domestic sales to small and medium firms percentage of domestic sales to small and medium firms percentage of domestic sales to small and medium firms percentage of domestic sales to small and medium firms percentage of domestic sales to small and medium firms 480 28 100 33.46 34.678 percentage of domestic sales to wholesalers percentage of domestic sales to wholesalers percentage of domestic sales to wholesalers percentage of domestic sales to wholesalers percentage of domestic sales to wholesalers 480 28 100 26.379 34.539 percentage of domestic sales to others percentage of domestic sales to others percentage of domestic sales to others percentage of domestic sales to others percentage of domestic sales to others 478 30 100 10.596 26.122 specify others specify others specify others specify others specify others 53 Diplomatic organizations End user Farmers International orgnizations Peddlers In what year did this establishment first export In what year did this establishment first export In what year did this establishment first export In what year did this establishment first export In what year did this establishment first export 301 207 1949 1950 1952 1954 1960 1970 1971 1972 1973 1978 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 Sysmiss 1st biggest destinations country of exports 1st biggest destinations country of exports 1st biggest destinations country of exports 1st biggest destinations country of exports 1st biggest destinations country of exports 299 -8 Algeria Austria Azerbaijan Brazil Bulgaria Canada China Cyprus Egypt France Germany Greece India Iran Iraq Italy Japan Jordan KSA Kuwait Lebanon Libya Netherlands Portugal Qatar Romania Russia Senegal Spain Sudan Tunisia Turkey UAE UK USA Venezuela Yemen 1st biggest destinations country percentage of exports 1st biggest destinations country percentage of exports 1st biggest destinations country percentage of exports 1st biggest destinations country percentage of exports 1st biggest destinations country percentage of exports 296 212 2 100 51.828 24.508 2 5 6 7 10 15 17 20 25 28 30 33 34 35 40 44 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 -8 Sysmiss 2nd biggest destinations country of exports 2nd biggest destinations country of exports 2nd biggest destinations country of exports 2nd biggest destinations country of exports 2nd biggest destinations country of exports 275 -8 Algeria Bahrain Belgium Brazil Canada Cyprus Egypt France Georgia Germany Greece Iraq Italy Japan Jordan KSA Kuwait Lebanon Libya Malaysia Mexico Morocco Netherlands Panama Poland Qatar Romania Russia South Africa South Korea Spain Sudan The Caribbean Tunisia Turkey UAE UK USA Ukraine Yemen Yugoslavia 2nd biggest destinations country percentage of exports 2nd biggest destinations country percentage of exports 2nd biggest destinations country percentage of exports 2nd biggest destinations country percentage of exports 2nd biggest destinations country percentage of exports 276 232 70 22.156 11.385 1 2 3 5 6 7 8 10 12 15 16 18 20 25 26 30 33 35 40 45 50 60 70 -8 Sysmiss 3rd biggest destinations country of exports 3rd biggest destinations country of exports 3rd biggest destinations country of exports 3rd biggest destinations country of exports 3rd biggest destinations country of exports 231 -8 Algeria Australia Austria Bahrain Bangladesh Belgium Cyprus Côte d'Ivoire Denmark Ecuador Egypt England France Gabon Germany Greece Holland Iran Iraq Italy Japan Jordan KSA Kampuchea Kuwait Lebanon Libya Malta Morocco Nigeria Oman Pakistan Poland Qatar Russia Senegal Sudan Sweden Tunisia Turkey UAE UK USA Ukraine Venezuela Yemen 3rd biggest destinations country percentage of exports 3rd biggest destinations country percentage of exports 3rd biggest destinations country percentage of exports 3rd biggest destinations country percentage of exports 3rd biggest destinations country percentage of exports 242 266 70 13.814 9.549 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 12 13 14 15 18 20 25 30 33 34 35 40 70 -8 Sysmiss average number of days that it took from the time this est. average number of days that it took from the time this est. average number of days that it took from the time this est. average number of days that it took from the time this est. average number of days that it took from the time this est. During last year when this establishment exported goods directly, what was the average number of days that it took from the time this establishment's goods arrived to their main point of exit [e.g., port, airport] until the time these goods cleared customs? 270 238 30 5.122 5.806 longest number of days that it took from the time this est. longest number of days that it took from the time this est. longest number of days that it took from the time this est. longest number of days that it took from the time this est. longest number of days that it took from the time this est. And what was the longest number of days? 270 238 120 11.678 15.496 extra payment to expedite the clearance process extra payment to expedite the clearance process extra payment to expedite the clearance process extra payment to expedite the clearance process extra payment to expedite the clearance process 274 234 -9 Don't know -8 1 Yes 2 No Sysmiss percent of the products exported directly was lost while in transit because of theft percent of the products exported directly was lost while in transit because of theft percent of the products exported directly was lost while in transit because of theft percent of the products exported directly was lost while in transit because of theft percent of the products exported directly was lost while in transit because of theft 285 223 50 0.502 3.282 percent of the products exported directly was lost while in transit because of breakage or spoilage percent of the products exported directly was lost while in transit because of breakage or spoilage percent of the products exported directly was lost while in transit because of breakage or spoilage percent of the products exported directly was lost while in transit because of breakage or spoilage percent of the products exported directly was lost while in transit because of breakage or spoilage 286 222 90 1.371 6.968 what percent of the products shipped to domestic markets was lost while in transit because of theft what percent of the products shipped to domestic markets was lost while in transit because of theft what percent of the products shipped to domestic markets was lost while in transit because of theft what percent of the products shipped to domestic markets was lost while in transit because of theft what percent of the products shipped to domestic markets was lost while in transit because of theft 487 21 40 0.515 3.339 what percent of the products shipped to domestic markets was lost while in transit because of breakage or spoilage what percent of the products shipped to domestic markets was lost while in transit because of breakage or spoilage what percent of the products shipped to domestic markets was lost while in transit because of breakage or spoilage what percent of the products shipped to domestic markets was lost while in transit because of breakage or spoilage what percent of the products shipped to domestic markets was lost while in transit because of breakage or spoilage 488 20 100 1.523 6.922 percent of material are of domestic origin percent of material are of domestic origin percent of material are of domestic origin percent of material are of domestic origin percent of material are of domestic origin 494 14 100 47.69 40.796 percent of material are of foreign origin percent of material are of foreign origin percent of material are of foreign origin percent of material are of foreign origin percent of material are of foreign origin 494 14 100 52.31 40.796 were any of the material inputs in 2008 imported directly were any of the material inputs in 2008 imported directly were any of the material inputs in 2008 imported directly were any of the material inputs in 2008 imported directly were any of the material inputs in 2008 imported directly 378 130 -9 Don't know 1 Yes 2 No Sysmiss average number of days that it took from the time goods arrived to their point o average number of days that it took from the time goods arrived to their point o average number of days that it took from the time goods arrived to their point o average number of days that it took from the time goods arrived to their point o average number of days that it took from the time goods arrived to their point o During last year, when this establishment imported material inputs and/or supplies, what was the average number of days that it took from the time goods arrived to their point of entry (e.g. port, airport) until the time these goods could be claimed from customs? 253 255 1 90 10.02 11.342 longest number of days that it took from the time goods arrived to their point o longest number of days that it took from the time goods arrived to their point o longest number of days that it took from the time goods arrived to their point o longest number of days that it took from the time goods arrived to their point o longest number of days that it took from the time goods arrived to their point o 253 255 1 400 29.704 43.174 extra payment to expedite the clearance process extra payment to expedite the clearance process extra payment to expedite the clearance process extra payment to expedite the clearance process extra payment to expedite the clearance process 253 255 -9 Don't know 1 Yes 2 No Sysmiss how many days of inventory do you typically have on hand how many days of inventory do you typically have on hand how many days of inventory do you typically have on hand how many days of inventory do you typically have on hand how many days of inventory do you typically have on hand 478 30 -8 1095 73.262 113.354 percent of purchased material are of lower than agreed upon percent of purchased material are of lower than agreed upon percent of purchased material are of lower than agreed upon percent of purchased material are of lower than agreed upon percent of purchased material are of lower than agreed upon 483 25 -7 100 7.075 14.863 Telecommunications Telecommunications Telecommunications Telecommunications Telecommunications Please tell us if any of the following issues are a problem for the operation and growth of your business. If an issue poses a problem, please judge its severity as an obstacle on a scale from 0 to 4, 0 being "No obstacle" and 4 being a "Very severe obstacle". 508 -9 Don't know -7 Deos not apply No obstacle 1 Minor obstacle 2 Moderate obstacle 3 Major obstacle 4 Very severe obstacle Electricity Electricity Electricity Electricity Electricity Please tell us if any of the following issues are a problem for the operation and growth of your business. If an issue poses a problem, please judge its severity as an obstacle on a scale from 0 to 4, 0 being "No obstacle" and 4 being a "Very severe obstacle". 508 -9 Don't know -7 Deos not apply No obstacle 1 Minor obstacle 2 Moderate obstacle 3 Major obstacle 4 Very severe obstacle Transportation Transportation Transportation Transportation Transportation Please tell us if any of the following issues are a problem for the operation and growth of your business. If an issue poses a problem, please judge its severity as an obstacle on a scale from 0 to 4, 0 being "No obstacle" and 4 being a "Very severe obstacle". 508 -9 Don't know -7 Deos not apply No obstacle 1 Minor obstacle 2 Moderate obstacle 3 Major obstacle 4 Very severe obstacle Access to water Access to water Access to water Access to water Access to water Please tell us if any of the following issues are a problem for the operation and growth of your business. If an issue poses a problem, please judge its severity as an obstacle on a scale from 0 to 4, 0 being "No obstacle" and 4 being a "Very severe obstacle". 508 -9 Don't know -7 Deos not apply No obstacle 1 Minor obstacle 2 Moderate obstacle 3 Major obstacle 4 Very severe obstacle Access to land Access to land Access to land Access to land Access to land Please tell us if any of the following issues are a problem for the operation and growth of your business. If an issue poses a problem, please judge its severity as an obstacle on a scale from 0 to 4, 0 being "No obstacle" and 4 being a "Very severe obstacle". 508 -9 Don't know -7 Deos not apply No obstacle 1 Minor obstacle 2 Moderate obstacle 3 Major obstacle 4 Very severe obstacle Regulatory uncertainty Regulatory uncertainty Regulatory uncertainty Regulatory uncertainty Regulatory uncertainty Please tell us if any of the following issues are a problem for the operation and growth of your business. If an issue poses a problem, please judge its severity as an obstacle on a scale from 0 to 4, 0 being "No obstacle" and 4 being a "Very severe obstacle". 508 -9 Don't know -7 Deos not apply No obstacle 1 Minor obstacle 2 Moderate obstacle 3 Major obstacle 4 Very severe obstacle Tax rates Tax rates Tax rates Tax rates Tax rates Please tell us if any of the following issues are a problem for the operation and growth of your business. If an issue poses a problem, please judge its severity as an obstacle on a scale from 0 to 4, 0 being "No obstacle" and 4 being a "Very severe obstacle". 508 -9 Don't know -7 Deos not apply No obstacle 1 Minor obstacle 2 Moderate obstacle 3 Major obstacle 4 Very severe obstacle Tax administration Tax administration Tax administration Tax administration Tax administration Please tell us if any of the following issues are a problem for the operation and growth of your business. If an issue poses a problem, please judge its severity as an obstacle on a scale from 0 to 4, 0 being "No obstacle" and 4 being a "Very severe obstacle". 508 -9 Don't know -7 Deos not apply No obstacle 1 Minor obstacle 2 Moderate obstacle 3 Major obstacle 4 Very severe obstacle Customs administrations Customs administrations Customs administrations Customs administrations Customs administrations Please tell us if any of the following issues are a problem for the operation and growth of your business. If an issue poses a problem, please judge its severity as an obstacle on a scale from 0 to 4, 0 being "No obstacle" and 4 being a "Very severe obstacle". 508 -9 Don't know -7 Deos not apply No obstacle 1 Minor obstacle 2 Moderate obstacle 3 Major obstacle 4 Very severe obstacle Labor regulations Labor regulations Labor regulations Labor regulations Labor regulations Please tell us if any of the following issues are a problem for the operation and growth of your business. If an issue poses a problem, please judge its severity as an obstacle on a scale from 0 to 4, 0 being "No obstacle" and 4 being a "Very severe obstacle". 508 -9 Don't know -7 Deos not apply No obstacle 1 Minor obstacle 2 Moderate obstacle 3 Major obstacle 4 Very severe obstacle Foreign trade regulations Foreign trade regulations Foreign trade regulations Foreign trade regulations Foreign trade regulations Please tell us if any of the following issues are a problem for the operation and growth of your business. If an issue poses a problem, please judge its severity as an obstacle on a scale from 0 to 4, 0 being "No obstacle" and 4 being a "Very severe obstacle". 508 -9 Don't know -7 Deos not apply No obstacle 1 Minor obstacle 2 Moderate obstacle 3 Major obstacle 4 Very severe obstacle Skills and education of available workers Skills and education of available workers Skills and education of available workers Skills and education of available workers Skills and education of available workers Please tell us if any of the following issues are a problem for the operation and growth of your business. If an issue poses a problem, please judge its severity as an obstacle on a scale from 0 to 4, 0 being "No obstacle" and 4 being a "Very severe obstacle". 508 -9 Don't know -7 Deos not apply No obstacle 1 Minor obstacle 2 Moderate obstacle 3 Major obstacle 4 Very severe obstacle Business licensing and operating permits Business licensing and operating permits Business licensing and operating permits Business licensing and operating permits Business licensing and operating permits Please tell us if any of the following issues are a problem for the operation and growth of your business. If an issue poses a problem, please judge its severity as an obstacle on a scale from 0 to 4, 0 being "No obstacle" and 4 being a "Very severe obstacle". 508 -9 Don't know -7 Deos not apply No obstacle 1 Minor obstacle 2 Moderate obstacle 3 Major obstacle 4 Very severe obstacle Access to financing Access to financing Access to financing Access to financing Access to financing Please tell us if any of the following issues are a problem for the operation and growth of your business. If an issue poses a problem, please judge its severity as an obstacle on a scale from 0 to 4, 0 being "No obstacle" and 4 being a "Very severe obstacle". 508 -9 Don't know -7 Deos not apply No obstacle 1 Minor obstacle 2 Moderate obstacle 3 Major obstacle 4 Very severe obstacle Macroeconomic uncertainty Macroeconomic uncertainty Macroeconomic uncertainty Macroeconomic uncertainty Macroeconomic uncertainty Please tell us if any of the following issues are a problem for the operation and growth of your business. If an issue poses a problem, please judge its severity as an obstacle on a scale from 0 to 4, 0 being "No obstacle" and 4 being a "Very severe obstacle". 508 -9 Don't know -7 Deos not apply No obstacle 1 Minor obstacle 2 Moderate obstacle 3 Major obstacle 4 Very severe obstacle Corruption Corruption Corruption Corruption Corruption Please tell us if any of the following issues are a problem for the operation and growth of your business. If an issue poses a problem, please judge its severity as an obstacle on a scale from 0 to 4, 0 being "No obstacle" and 4 being a "Very severe obstacle". 508 -9 Don't know -7 Deos not apply No obstacle 1 Minor obstacle 2 Moderate obstacle 3 Major obstacle 4 Very severe obstacle Crime, theft and disorder Crime, theft and disorder Crime, theft and disorder Crime, theft and disorder Crime, theft and disorder Please tell us if any of the following issues are a problem for the operation and growth of your business. If an issue poses a problem, please judge its severity as an obstacle on a scale from 0 to 4, 0 being "No obstacle" and 4 being a "Very severe obstacle". 508 -9 Don't know -7 Deos not apply No obstacle 1 Minor obstacle 2 Moderate obstacle 3 Major obstacle 4 Very severe obstacle Anti-competitive or informal practices Anti-competitive or informal practices Anti-competitive or informal practices Anti-competitive or informal practices Anti-competitive or informal practices Please tell us if any of the following issues are a problem for the operation and growth of your business. If an issue poses a problem, please judge its severity as an obstacle on a scale from 0 to 4, 0 being "No obstacle" and 4 being a "Very severe obstacle". 508 -9 Don't know -7 Deos not apply No obstacle 1 Minor obstacle 2 Moderate obstacle 3 Major obstacle 4 Very severe obstacle Legal system / conflict resolution Legal system / conflict resolution Legal system / conflict resolution Legal system / conflict resolution Legal system / conflict resolution Please tell us if any of the following issues are a problem for the operation and growth of your business. If an issue poses a problem, please judge its severity as an obstacle on a scale from 0 to 4, 0 being "No obstacle" and 4 being a "Very severe obstacle". 508 -9 Don't know -7 Deos not apply No obstacle 1 Minor obstacle 2 Moderate obstacle 3 Major obstacle 4 Very severe obstacle First Biggest obstacle First Biggest obstacle First Biggest obstacle First Biggest obstacle First Biggest obstacle 508 1 Telecommunications 2 Electricity 3 Transportation 4 Access to water 5 Access to land 6 Regulatory uncertainty 7 Tax rates 8 Tax administration 9 Customs administrations 10 Labor regulations 11 Foreign trade regulations 12 Skills and education of available workers 13 Business licensing and operating permits 14 Access to financing (e.g. interest rate, collateral) 15 Macroeconomic uncertainty (e.g. inflation, exch. Rate) 16 Corruption 17 Crime, theft and disorder 18 Anti-competitive or informal practices 19 Legal system / conflict resolution Second Biggest obstacle Second Biggest obstacle Second Biggest obstacle Second Biggest obstacle Second Biggest obstacle 508 1 Telecommunications 2 Electricity 3 Transportation 4 Access to water 5 Access to land 6 Regulatory uncertainty 7 Tax rates 8 Tax administration 9 Customs administrations 10 Labor regulations 11 Foreign trade regulations 12 Skills and education of available workers 13 Business licensing and operating permits 14 Access to financing (e.g. interest rate, collateral) 15 Macroeconomic uncertainty (e.g. inflation, exch. Rate) 16 Corruption 17 Crime, theft and disorder 18 Anti-competitive or informal practices 19 Legal system / conflict resolution Power Outages Number of Times Power Outages Number of Times Power Outages Number of Times Power Outages Number of Times Power Outages Number of Times 508 -8 -7 N/A 1 2 3 4 5 6 10 12 15 20 24 25 30 32 35 36 40 45 48 50 52 60 70 75 80 86 90 96 100 110 120 122 140 144 150 160 170 180 200 206 210 240 250 280 292 300 356 360 365 366 400 600 720 730 900 999 Power Outages Average Duration Power Outages Average Duration Power Outages Average Duration Power Outages Average Duration Power Outages Average Duration 431 77 1 48 2.708 3.541 Power Outages Lost Value (%) Power Outages Lost Value (%) Power Outages Lost Value (%) Power Outages Lost Value (%) Power Outages Lost Value (%) 429 79 100 9.848 14.191 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 10 11 12 13 15 20 25 30 35 38 40 47 50 60 70 90 100 -9 Sysmiss Insufficient Water Supply Number of Times Insufficient Water Supply Number of Times Insufficient Water Supply Number of Times Insufficient Water Supply Number of Times Insufficient Water Supply Number of Times 508 -8 -7 N/A 2 10 12 20 48 50 60 90 100 120 150 160 180 200 250 280 300 356 360 365 600 720 Insufficient Water Supply Average Duration Insufficient Water Supply Average Duration Insufficient Water Supply Average Duration Insufficient Water Supply Average Duration Insufficient Water Supply Average Duration 49 459 1 48 12.02 10.274 Insufficient Water Supply Lost Value (%) Insufficient Water Supply Lost Value (%) Insufficient Water Supply Lost Value (%) Insufficient Water Supply Lost Value (%) Insufficient Water Supply Lost Value (%) 48 460 50 7.625 12.045 1 2 3 5 10 15 20 25 30 40 50 -9 Sysmiss Interruption in Telecommunication Number of Times Interruption in Telecommunication Number of Times Interruption in Telecommunication Number of Times Interruption in Telecommunication Number of Times Interruption in Telecommunication Number of Times 508 -8 -7 N/A 1 2 3 4 5 6 10 12 15 20 24 25 30 32 40 42 48 50 60 75 80 90 100 110 120 125 150 160 180 200 300 360 365 Interruption in Telecommunication Average Duration Interruption in Telecommunication Average Duration Interruption in Telecommunication Average Duration Interruption in Telecommunication Average Duration Interruption in Telecommunication Average Duration 101 407 99 13.347 22.15 Interruption in Telecommunication Lost Value (%) Interruption in Telecommunication Lost Value (%) Interruption in Telecommunication Lost Value (%) Interruption in Telecommunication Lost Value (%) Interruption in Telecommunication Lost Value (%) 100 408 30 3.88 6.652 Internet Connection Number of Times Internet Connection Number of Times Internet Connection Number of Times Internet Connection Number of Times Internet Connection Number of Times 508 -8 -7 N/A 1 2 3 4 5 6 10 12 14 15 20 24 25 30 36 40 48 50 52 60 100 120 150 160 180 183 184 200 250 300 356 360 365 500 600 720 730 Internet Connection Average Duration Internet Connection Average Duration Internet Connection Average Duration Internet Connection Average Duration Internet Connection Average Duration 164 344 99 6.701 12.737 Internet Connection Lost Value (%) Internet Connection Lost Value (%) Internet Connection Lost Value (%) Internet Connection Lost Value (%) Internet Connection Lost Value (%) 165 343 50 4.176 8.01 Establishment own or share a generator Establishment own or share a generator Establishment own or share a generator Establishment own or share a generator Establishment own or share a generator 508 -9 Don't Know 1 Yes 2 No generator's original cost generator's original cost generator's original cost generator's original cost generator's original cost 356 152 10000 460000000 5675676.966 28762550.96 -9 Don't know -8 Refusal to answer percent of electricity that comes from a generator percent of electricity that comes from a generator percent of electricity that comes from a generator percent of electricity that comes from a generator percent of electricity that comes from a generator 361 147 100 33.41 30.025 -9 Don't know -8 Refusal to answer Public sources Public sources Public sources Public sources Public sources What percentage of your establishment's water supply, used in the production process, do you get from: 311 197 100 45.428 46.635 Your own well Your own well Your own well Your own well Your own well What percentage of your establishment's water supply, used in the production process, do you get from: 311 197 100 41.871 45.948 Purchased from private vendors Purchased from private vendors Purchased from private vendors Purchased from private vendors Purchased from private vendors What percentage of your establishment's water supply, used in the production process, do you get from: 311 197 100 12.701 29.732 Percent shipped with own transport Percent shipped with own transport Percent shipped with own transport Percent shipped with own transport Percent shipped with own transport During last year, what percent of shipments, in terms of all annual shipments to customers, were transported by this establishment?s own transport? ( local) 358 150 100 46.841 43.142 main transport mode main transport mode main transport mode main transport mode main transport mode 498 10 -7 1 Land Transport 2 Air Transport 3 Maritime Transport Sysmiss Communications with Clients or Suppliers use E-mail Communications with Clients or Suppliers use E-mail Communications with Clients or Suppliers use E-mail Communications with Clients or Suppliers use E-mail Communications with Clients or Suppliers use E-mail 508 -9 Don't Know 1 Yes 2 No Communications with Clients or Suppliers use Own Website Communications with Clients or Suppliers use Own Website Communications with Clients or Suppliers use Own Website Communications with Clients or Suppliers use Own Website Communications with Clients or Suppliers use Own Website 508 -9 Don'T Know 1 Yes 2 No Internet Connection used to Communicate with clients and suppliers Internet Connection used to Communicate with clients and suppliers Internet Connection used to Communicate with clients and suppliers Internet Connection used to Communicate with clients and suppliers Internet Connection used to Communicate with clients and suppliers 508 -9 Don't Know -7 N/A 1 Yes 2 No Internet Connection used to Make purchases Internet Connection used to Make purchases Internet Connection used to Make purchases Internet Connection used to Make purchases Internet Connection used to Make purchases 508 -9 Don't Know -7 N/A 1 Yes 2 No Internet Connection used to Deliver services Internet Connection used to Deliver services Internet Connection used to Deliver services Internet Connection used to Deliver services Internet Connection used to Deliver services 508 -9 Don't Know -7 N/A 1 Yes 2 No Internet Connection used to Do research and develop ideas Internet Connection used to Do research and develop ideas Internet Connection used to Do research and develop ideas Internet Connection used to Do research and develop ideas Internet Connection used to Do research and develop ideas 508 -9 Don't Know -7 N/A 1 Yes 2 No Total Number of Competitors You Face Total Number of Competitors You Face Total Number of Competitors You Face Total Number of Competitors You Face Total Number of Competitors You Face 508 -9 Total Number of Competitors You Face 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 22 23 25 26 29 30 32 35 40 43 47 50 53 54 60 68 100 103 104 110 112 150 156 160 202 555 Total Number of Competitors You Face 600 Local Private Competitors You Face Local Private Competitors You Face Local Private Competitors You Face Local Private Competitors You Face Local Private Competitors You Face 507 1 -9 Local Private Competitors You Face 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 22 25 30 35 37 38 40 45 50 54 55 60 75 84 88 90 92 100 106 120 147 150 156 200 555 Local Private Competitors You Face 600 Sysmiss Foreign Private Competitors You Face Foreign Private Competitors You Face Foreign Private Competitors You Face Foreign Private Competitors You Face Foreign Private Competitors You Face 506 2 -9 Foreign Private Competitors You Face 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 10 12 15 17 20 50 555 Foreign Private Competitors You Face Sysmiss Public Sector Competitors You Face Public Sector Competitors You Face Public Sector Competitors You Face Public Sector Competitors You Face Public Sector Competitors You Face 506 2 -9 Public Sector Competitors You Face 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 10 20 555 Public Sector Competitors You Face Sysmiss Sales of 2007 increased/decreased Sales of 2007 increased/decreased Sales of 2007 increased/decreased Sales of 2007 increased/decreased Sales of 2007 increased/decreased 452 + - Sales of 2007 change Sales of 2007 change Sales of 2007 change Sales of 2007 change Sales of 2007 change How much have your sales changed (grown or declined) during the last two fiscal years? 508 -99 400 19.646 41.145 Sales of 2008 increased/decreased Sales of 2008 increased/decreased Sales of 2008 increased/decreased Sales of 2008 increased/decreased Sales of 2008 increased/decreased 463 + - Sales of 2007 change Sales of 2007 change Sales of 2007 change Sales of 2007 change Sales of 2007 change 508 -99 300 24.065 35.274 Expectation for sales of the main product Expectation for sales of the main product Expectation for sales of the main product Expectation for sales of the main product Expectation for sales of the main product 508 -9 Don't know -8 1 Increase 2 Remain the same 3 Decrease Expectation for sales increase Expectation for sales increase Expectation for sales increase Expectation for sales increase Expectation for sales increase 202 306 2 300 30.094 39.644 Expectation for sales decrease Expectation for sales decrease Expectation for sales decrease Expectation for sales decrease Expectation for sales decrease 172 336 2 90 28.89 18.006 Prices of the main product change Prices of the main product change Prices of the main product change Prices of the main product change Prices of the main product change 508 -9 Don't know -8 1 Increased 2 Remained the same 3 Decreased Prices of the main product increase Prices of the main product increase Prices of the main product increase Prices of the main product increase Prices of the main product increase 212 296 2 250 20.561 21.962 Prices of the main product decrease Prices of the main product decrease Prices of the main product decrease Prices of the main product decrease Prices of the main product decrease 161 347 3 200 23.087 20.194 Pressure from domestic competitors Pressure from domestic competitors Pressure from domestic competitors Pressure from domestic competitors Pressure from domestic competitors How important are each of the following influences on your establishment to reduce the production costs of existing products and/or to develop new products on a scale of 0 to 4, 0 being "Not at all important" and 4 being "Very important". 495 13 -9 Don't Know -7 N/A 1 Not at all important 2 Slightly important 3 Fairly important 4 Very important Sysmiss Pressure from foreign competitors Pressure from foreign competitors Pressure from foreign competitors Pressure from foreign competitors Pressure from foreign competitors How important are each of the following influences on your establishment to reduce the production costs of existing products and/or to develop new products on a scale of 0 to 4, 0 being "Not at all important" and 4 being "Very important". 495 13 -9 Don't Know -7 N/A 1 Not at all important 2 Slightly important 3 Fairly important 4 Very important Sysmiss fixed price in local market fixed price in local market fixed price in local market fixed price in local market fixed price in local market Is the selling price ( or margin) of your main product line or input fixed by the government or a public age: 493 15 -7 1 Yes 2 No Sysmiss fixed price for exports fixed price for exports fixed price for exports fixed price for exports fixed price for exports Is the selling price ( or margin) of your main product line or input fixed by the government or a public age: 483 25 -7 1 Yes 2 No Sysmiss compete against unregistered or informal firms compete against unregistered or informal firms compete against unregistered or informal firms compete against unregistered or informal firms compete against unregistered or informal firms 508 -9 Dont; Know 1 Yes 2 No Avoid sales tax Avoid sales tax Avoid sales tax Avoid sales tax Avoid sales tax Please judge how problematic are the following practices of your competitors for your firm? Evaluate the following on a scale from 0 to 4, 0 being "No obstacle" to 4 being a "Very severe obstacle". 273 235 -7 N/A No obstacle 1 Minor obstacle 2 Moderate obstacle 3 Severe obstacle 4 Very severe obstacle Sysmiss Do not pay duties Do not pay duties Do not pay duties Do not pay duties Do not pay duties Please judge how problematic are the following practices of your competitors for your firm? Evaluate the following on a scale from 0 to 4, 0 being "No obstacle" to 4 being a "Very severe obstacle". 273 235 -7 N/A No obstacle 1 Minor obstacle 2 Moderate obstacle 3 Severe obstacle 4 Very severe obstacle Sysmiss Avoid labor taxes Avoid labor taxes Avoid labor taxes Avoid labor taxes Avoid labor taxes Please judge how problematic are the following practices of your competitors for your firm? Evaluate the following on a scale from 0 to 4, 0 being "No obstacle" to 4 being a "Very severe obstacle". 273 235 -7 N/A No obstacle 1 Minor obstacle 2 Moderate obstacle 3 Severe obstacle 4 Very severe obstacle Sysmiss Violate my copyrights Violate my copyrights Violate my copyrights Violate my copyrights Violate my copyrights Please judge how problematic are the following practices of your competitors for your firm? Evaluate the following on a scale from 0 to 4, 0 being "No obstacle" to 4 being a "Very severe obstacle". 273 235 -7 N/A No obstacle 1 Minor obstacle 2 Moderate obstacle 3 Severe obstacle 4 Very severe obstacle Sysmiss Receive subsidies from government Receive subsidies from government Receive subsidies from government Receive subsidies from government Receive subsidies from government Please judge how problematic are the following practices of your competitors for your firm? Evaluate the following on a scale from 0 to 4, 0 being "No obstacle" to 4 being a "Very severe obstacle". 273 235 -7 N/A No obstacle 1 Minor obstacle 2 Moderate obstacle 3 Severe obstacle 4 Very severe obstacle Sysmiss Having favored access to credit Having favored access to credit Having favored access to credit Having favored access to credit Having favored access to credit Please judge how problematic are the following practices of your competitors for your firm? Evaluate the following on a scale from 0 to 4, 0 being "No obstacle" to 4 being a "Very severe obstacle". 273 235 -7 N/A No obstacle 1 Minor obstacle 2 Moderate obstacle 3 Severe obstacle 4 Very severe obstacle Sysmiss Conspire to limit my access to markets Conspire to limit my access to markets Conspire to limit my access to markets Conspire to limit my access to markets Conspire to limit my access to markets Please judge how problematic are the following practices of your competitors for your firm? Evaluate the following on a scale from 0 to 4, 0 being "No obstacle" to 4 being a "Very severe obstacle". 273 235 -7 N/A No obstacle 1 Minor obstacle 2 Moderate obstacle 3 Severe obstacle 4 Very severe obstacle Sysmiss Capacity utilization 2007 Capacity utilization 2007 Capacity utilization 2007 Capacity utilization 2007 Capacity utilization 2007 During last year and in 2007, what was this establishment's average capacity utilization over the last year and the year before? (Capacity utilization is the amount of output actually produced relative to the maximum amount that could be produced with your existing machinery and equipment and regular shifts.) 332 176 5 180 68.087 24.985 5 9 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 47 50 55 60 65 67 70 75 80 85 87 90 92 95 98 100 110 120 150 180 -9 -8 -7 Sysmiss Capacity utilization 2008 Capacity utilization 2008 Capacity utilization 2008 Capacity utilization 2008 Capacity utilization 2008 During last year and in 2007, what was this establishment's average capacity utilization over the last year and the year before? (Capacity utilization is the amount of output actually produced relative to the maximum amount that could be produced with your existing machinery and equipment and regular shifts.) 339 169 200 65.979 25.428 2 5 10 12 15 17 20 25 30 32 35 40 45 50 55 60 62 65 68 70 71 75 80 82 85 88 89 90 95 98 100 110 120 200 -9 -8 -7 Sysmiss Typical hours of operation in a week Typical hours of operation in a week Typical hours of operation in a week Typical hours of operation in a week Typical hours of operation in a week 508 20 168 67.762 36.014 The Establishment has a Quality Certification The Establishment has a Quality Certification The Establishment has a Quality Certification The Establishment has a Quality Certification The Establishment has a Quality Certification 507 1 -9 Don't Know -6 Still in Process 1 Yes 2 No Sysmiss The Establishment uses Licensed Technology The Establishment uses Licensed Technology The Establishment uses Licensed Technology The Establishment uses Licensed Technology The Establishment uses Licensed Technology 339 169 -9 Don't Know 1 Yes 2 No Sysmiss expectation of firm's level of investment expectation of firm's level of investment expectation of firm's level of investment expectation of firm's level of investment expectation of firm's level of investment 508 1 Increase 2 Remain the same 3 Decrease expectation of firm's level of investment's increase expectation of firm's level of investment's increase expectation of firm's level of investment's increase expectation of firm's level of investment's increase expectation of firm's level of investment's increase By what percentage do you plan to expand / reduce investments? 265 243 2 500 34.811 43.075 2 3 5 8 10 12 13 15 18 20 22 25 30 32 35 40 45 50 60 70 80 90 100 150 200 300 500 -8 Sysmiss expectation of firm's level of investment's decrease expectation of firm's level of investment's decrease expectation of firm's level of investment's decrease expectation of firm's level of investment's decrease expectation of firm's level of investment's decrease By what percentage do you plan to expand / reduce investments? 22 486 7 100 40.636 29.511 7 10 12 15 20 30 40 50 70 100 Sysmiss Developed an Important New Product Line Developed an Important New Product Line Developed an Important New Product Line Developed an Important New Product Line Developed an Important New Product Line 339 169 -7 N/A 1 Yes 2 No Sysmiss Upgraded an Existing Product Line Upgraded an Existing Product Line Upgraded an Existing Product Line Upgraded an Existing Product Line Upgraded an Existing Product Line 339 169 -7 N/A 1 Yes 2 No Sysmiss Discontinued At Least One Product (Not Production) Line Discontinued At Least One Product (Not Production) Line Discontinued At Least One Product (Not Production) Line Discontinued At Least One Product (Not Production) Line Discontinued At Least One Product (Not Production) Line 339 169 -7 N/A 1 Yes 2 No Sysmiss Agreed To a New Joint Venture with Foreign Partner Agreed To a New Joint Venture with Foreign Partner Agreed To a New Joint Venture with Foreign Partner Agreed To a New Joint Venture with Foreign Partner Agreed To a New Joint Venture with Foreign Partner 339 169 -7 N/A 1 Yes 2 No Sysmiss Obtained a New Licensing Agreement Obtained a New Licensing Agreement Obtained a New Licensing Agreement Obtained a New Licensing Agreement Obtained a New Licensing Agreement 339 169 -7 N/A 1 Yes 2 No Sysmiss Outsourced a Major Production Activity That Was Previously conducted in-house Outsourced a Major Production Activity That Was Previously conducted in-house Outsourced a Major Production Activity That Was Previously conducted in-house Outsourced a Major Production Activity That Was Previously conducted in-house Outsourced a Major Production Activity That Was Previously conducted in-house 338 170 -7 N/A 1 Yes 2 No Sysmiss Payment for Security Payment for Security Payment for Security Payment for Security Payment for Security 508 -9 Don't Know 1 Yes 2 No Percentage of Annual Sales paid for Security Percentage of Annual Sales paid for Security Percentage of Annual Sales paid for Security Percentage of Annual Sales paid for Security Percentage of Annual Sales paid for Security 195 313 1 50 3.328 7.309 Losses as a Result of Theft Losses as a Result of Theft Losses as a Result of Theft Losses as a Result of Theft Losses as a Result of Theft 508 -9 Don't Know 1 Yes 2 No Losses from theft as percent of total annual sales Losses from theft as percent of total annual sales Losses from theft as percent of total annual sales Losses from theft as percent of total annual sales Losses from theft as percent of total annual sales 90 418 50 6.089 10.489 1 2 3 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 50 -9 Sysmiss Interpretations of Regulations are Predictable Interpretations of Regulations are Predictable Interpretations of Regulations are Predictable Interpretations of Regulations are Predictable Interpretations of Regulations are Predictable 508 -9 Don't know 1 Fully disagree 2 Disagree in most cases 3 Tend to disagree 4 Tend to agree 5 Agree in most cases 6 Fully agree Percentage of Increase or Decrease Current Workforce Percentage of Increase or Decrease Current Workforce Percentage of Increase or Decrease Current Workforce Percentage of Increase or Decrease Current Workforce Percentage of Increase or Decrease Current Workforce 508 300 18.187 31.301 most important reason for not changing the number of regular full time workers? most important reason for not changing the number of regular full time workers? most important reason for not changing the number of regular full time workers? most important reason for not changing the number of regular full time workers? most important reason for not changing the number of regular full time workers? 508 -92 None 1 Laws and regulations regarding hiring, firing of Syrian workers 2 Laws and regulations regarding hiring, firing of foreign workers 3 Union agreements or pressure 4 High minimum wage or mandatory benefits 5 Pressure from politicians or political groups 6 Fear of social sanctions 7 No need to hire more employees at present 8 Other most important reason for not changing the number of regular full time workers? specify other most important reason for not changing the number of regular full time workers? specify other most important reason for not changing the number of regular full time workers? specify other most important reason for not changing the number of regular full time workers? specify other most important reason for not changing the number of regular full time workers? specify other 43 Commitment of workers dictated by market forces&demand Demotivation to fire original team members Difficulty to access qualified labor Difficulty to keep increasing income for workers Difficulty to manage ambitious recruits Disloyalty of employees Frequent conflict of interests between management&new staff General depressed economic situation Investment climate disincentives Labor expansion inhibited by the difficulty to acquire new operating licenses Lack of experience Lack of experienced labor Lack of needed human resources Limited availability of qualified labor Low availability & stability of workforce in textile sector Low management competency Noncommited labor Poor ability to hire new staff Poor commitment of Workers Poor educational background & civil behavior of employees Poor retention of employees Poor time management for HR recruiting Recruiting in progress Uncertainty of investment climate: pressure from competition, fiscal&other economic policies Unmotivated Labor Unskilled labor Senior management's time spent in dealing with regulations Senior management's time spent in dealing with regulations Senior management's time spent in dealing with regulations Senior management's time spent in dealing with regulations Senior management's time spent in dealing with regulations 508 90 13.203 17.247 Percentage of total workforce that is reported Percentage of total workforce that is reported Percentage of total workforce that is reported Percentage of total workforce that is reported Percentage of total workforce that is reported 507 1 100 56.694 37.194 1 2 3 4 5 8 10 12 13 15 20 25 30 33 35 40 50 52 53 60 65 70 75 78 80 85 90 95 96 99 100 -8 Percentage of total sales a typical establishment reports Percentage of total sales a typical establishment reports Percentage of total sales a typical establishment reports Percentage of total sales a typical establishment reports Percentage of total sales a typical establishment reports 496 12 100 66.175 35.861 1 2 4 5 9 10 13 15 20 25 30 32 33 35 40 41 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 98 100 -9 -8 Corporate Income Tax Corporate Income Tax Corporate Income Tax Corporate Income Tax Corporate Income Tax To what extent are the following tax administrations causing constraints to your company? Evaluate the following on a scale from 0 to 4, 0 being "no obstacle" to 4 being a "Very severe obstacle". 508 No obstacle 1 Minor obstacle 2 Moderate obstacle 3 Severe obstacle 4 Very severe obstacle Social Security Payments Social Security Payments Social Security Payments Social Security Payments Social Security Payments To what extent are the following tax administrations causing constraints to your company? Evaluate the following on a scale from 0 to 4, 0 being "no obstacle" to 4 being a "Very severe obstacle". 508 No obstacle 1 Minor obstacle 2 Moderate obstacle 3 Severe obstacle 4 Very severe obstacle Built-up Property Taxes Built-up Property Taxes Built-up Property Taxes Built-up Property Taxes Built-up Property Taxes To what extent are the following tax administrations causing constraints to your company? Evaluate the following on a scale from 0 to 4, 0 being "no obstacle" to 4 being a "Very severe obstacle". 508 No obstacle 1 Minor obstacle 2 Moderate obstacle 3 Severe obstacle 4 Very severe obstacle Municipal Taxes Municipal Taxes Municipal Taxes Municipal Taxes Municipal Taxes To what extent are the following tax administrations causing constraints to your company? Evaluate the following on a scale from 0 to 4, 0 being "no obstacle" to 4 being a "Very severe obstacle". 508 No obstacle 1 Minor obstacle 2 Moderate obstacle 3 Severe obstacle 4 Very severe obstacle Stamp Duty Stamp Duty Stamp Duty Stamp Duty Stamp Duty To what extent are the following tax administrations causing constraints to your company? Evaluate the following on a scale from 0 to 4, 0 being "no obstacle" to 4 being a "Very severe obstacle". 508 No obstacle 1 Minor obstacle 2 Moderate obstacle 3 Severe obstacle 4 Very severe obstacle Telephone Did you experience delays in obtaining . . . ? Telephone Did you experience delays in obtaining . . . ? Telephone Did you experience delays in obtaining . . . ? Telephone Did you experience delays in obtaining . . . ? Telephone Did you experience delays in obtaining . . . ? 508 -7 N/A 1 Yes 2 No Telephone What was the actual delay experienced? Telephone What was the actual delay experienced? Telephone What was the actual delay experienced? Telephone What was the actual delay experienced? Telephone What was the actual delay experienced? What was the actual delay experienced (from the day you applied to the day you received the service or approval)? 429 79 -777 N/A 1 2 3 4 5 7 10 14 15 20 24 28 30 35 40 45 60 90 100 120 150 160 180 200 210 270 300 360 365 540 548 660 712 720 730 1095 1460 3650 Sysmiss Telephone Was a gift or informal payment asked for or expected Telephone Was a gift or informal payment asked for or expected Telephone Was a gift or informal payment asked for or expected Telephone Was a gift or informal payment asked for or expected Telephone Was a gift or informal payment asked for or expected 429 79 1 Yes 2 No Sysmiss Electricity Did you experience delays in obtaining . . . ? Electricity Did you experience delays in obtaining . . . ? Electricity Did you experience delays in obtaining . . . ? Electricity Did you experience delays in obtaining . . . ? Electricity Did you experience delays in obtaining . . . ? 508 -7 N/A 1 Yes 2 No Electricity What was the actual delay experienced? Electricity What was the actual delay experienced? Electricity What was the actual delay experienced? Electricity What was the actual delay experienced? Electricity What was the actual delay experienced? 397 111 -777 N/A 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 10 14 15 20 24 30 31 34 35 48 50 60 75 90 100 120 150 170 180 200 210 300 360 365 400 548 720 730 Sysmiss Electricity Was a gift or informal payment asked for or expected Electricity Was a gift or informal payment asked for or expected Electricity Was a gift or informal payment asked for or expected Electricity Was a gift or informal payment asked for or expected Electricity Was a gift or informal payment asked for or expected 397 111 1 Yes 2 No Sysmiss Water Did you experience delays in obtaining . . . ? Water Did you experience delays in obtaining . . . ? Water Did you experience delays in obtaining . . . ? Water Did you experience delays in obtaining . . . ? Water Did you experience delays in obtaining . . . ? 508 -7 N/A 1 Yes 2 No Water What was the actual delay experienced? Water What was the actual delay experienced? Water What was the actual delay experienced? Water What was the actual delay experienced? Water What was the actual delay experienced? 343 165 -777 N/A 1 3 7 10 20 24 30 40 60 90 120 180 200 360 365 720 730 Sysmiss Water Was a gift or informal payment asked for or expected? Water Was a gift or informal payment asked for or expected? Water Was a gift or informal payment asked for or expected? Water Was a gift or informal payment asked for or expected? Water Was a gift or informal payment asked for or expected? 343 165 1 Yes 2 No Sysmiss Construction Did you experience delays in obtaining . . . ? Construction Did you experience delays in obtaining . . . ? Construction Did you experience delays in obtaining . . . ? Construction Did you experience delays in obtaining . . . ? Construction Did you experience delays in obtaining . . . ? 508 -7 N/A 1 Yes 2 No Construction What was the actual delay experienced? Construction What was the actual delay experienced? Construction What was the actual delay experienced? Construction What was the actual delay experienced? Construction What was the actual delay experienced? 361 147 -777 N/A 1 4 7 10 15 20 21 30 40 45 60 80 90 100 120 150 180 200 210 240 300 312 360 365 540 700 712 720 730 1095 Sysmiss Construction Was a gift or informal payment asked for or expected Construction Was a gift or informal payment asked for or expected Construction Was a gift or informal payment asked for or expected Construction Was a gift or informal payment asked for or expected Construction Was a gift or informal payment asked for or expected 361 147 1 Yes 2 No Sysmiss Import license Did you experience delays in obtaining . . . ? Import license Did you experience delays in obtaining . . . ? Import license Did you experience delays in obtaining . . . ? Import license Did you experience delays in obtaining . . . ? Import license Did you experience delays in obtaining . . . ? 508 -7 N/A 1 Yes 2 No Import license What was the actual delay experienced? Import license What was the actual delay experienced? Import license What was the actual delay experienced? Import license What was the actual delay experienced? Import license What was the actual delay experienced? 365 143 -777 N/A 1 2 3 4 5 7 10 12 15 20 24 30 35 40 42 45 50 60 80 90 97 100 180 210 365 480 Sysmiss Import license Was a gift or informal payment asked for or expected? Import license Was a gift or informal payment asked for or expected? Import license Was a gift or informal payment asked for or expected? Import license Was a gift or informal payment asked for or expected? Import license Was a gift or informal payment asked for or expected? 365 143 1 Yes 2 No Sysmiss Main operating license Did you experience delays in obtaining . . . ? Main operating license Did you experience delays in obtaining . . . ? Main operating license Did you experience delays in obtaining . . . ? Main operating license Did you experience delays in obtaining . . . ? Main operating license Did you experience delays in obtaining . . . ? 508 -7 N/A 1 Yes 2 No Main operating license What was the actual delay experienced? Main operating license What was the actual delay experienced? Main operating license What was the actual delay experienced? Main operating license What was the actual delay experienced? Main operating license What was the actual delay experienced? 381 127 -777 N/A 2 3 7 10 14 15 19 20 24 30 45 50 60 75 90 100 120 180 240 270 356 360 365 400 450 480 548 700 720 730 740 1095 Sysmiss Main operating license Was a gift or informal payment asked for or expected Main operating license Was a gift or informal payment asked for or expected Main operating license Was a gift or informal payment asked for or expected Main operating license Was a gift or informal payment asked for or expected Main operating license Was a gift or informal payment asked for or expected 381 127 1 Yes 2 No Sysmiss Percent of total annual sales paid as informal payment Percent of total annual sales paid as informal payment Percent of total annual sales paid as informal payment Percent of total annual sales paid as informal payment Percent of total annual sales paid as informal payment 504 4 70 5.738 9.784 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 10 11 12 13 15 20 25 30 35 40 50 60 70 -9 -8 Has this establishment secured a government contract Has this establishment secured a government contract Has this establishment secured a government contract Has this establishment secured a government contract Has this establishment secured a government contract 508 -9 Dont know 1 Yes 2 No what percent of the contract value would be typically paid in informal payments what percent of the contract value would be typically paid in informal payments what percent of the contract value would be typically paid in informal payments what percent of the contract value would be typically paid in informal payments what percent of the contract value would be typically paid in informal payments 129 379 -8 Refuse -7 1 2 3 5 7 8 9 10 11 14 15 20 25 26 30 32 35 40 50 80 100 Sysmiss Tax inspectorate Were you required having meetings with officials? Tax inspectorate Were you required having meetings with officials? Tax inspectorate Were you required having meetings with officials? Tax inspectorate Were you required having meetings with officials? Tax inspectorate Were you required having meetings with officials? 508 -7 NA 1 Yes 2 No Tax inspectorate How many times in total Tax inspectorate How many times in total Tax inspectorate How many times in total Tax inspectorate How many times in total Tax inspectorate How many times in total 387 121 1 150 3.752 8.886 Tax inspectorate What was the average duration? Tax inspectorate What was the average duration? Tax inspectorate What was the average duration? Tax inspectorate What was the average duration? Tax inspectorate What was the average duration? 386 122 1 99 1.842 5.444 Tax inspectorate Was a gift or informal payment asked for or expected at Tax inspectorate Was a gift or informal payment asked for or expected at Tax inspectorate Was a gift or informal payment asked for or expected at Tax inspectorate Was a gift or informal payment asked for or expected at Tax inspectorate Was a gift or informal payment asked for or expected at 382 126 1 Yes 2 No Sysmiss Labor and social security Were you required having meetings with officials? Labor and social security Were you required having meetings with officials? Labor and social security Were you required having meetings with officials? Labor and social security Were you required having meetings with officials? Labor and social security Were you required having meetings with officials? 508 -7 NA 1 Yes 2 No Labor and social security How many times in total Labor and social security How many times in total Labor and social security How many times in total Labor and social security How many times in total Labor and social security How many times in total 393 115 1 365 6.148 19.122 Labor and social security What was the average duration? Labor and social security What was the average duration? Labor and social security What was the average duration? Labor and social security What was the average duration? Labor and social security What was the average duration? 390 118 1 2 3 4 5 Sysmiss Labor and social security Was a gift or informal payment asked for or expected a Labor and social security Was a gift or informal payment asked for or expected a Labor and social security Was a gift or informal payment asked for or expected a Labor and social security Was a gift or informal payment asked for or expected a Labor and social security Was a gift or informal payment asked for or expected a 388 120 1 Yes 2 No Sysmiss Fire and building safety Were you required having meetings with officials? Fire and building safety Were you required having meetings with officials? Fire and building safety Were you required having meetings with officials? Fire and building safety Were you required having meetings with officials? Fire and building safety Were you required having meetings with officials? 508 -7 NA 1 Yes 2 No Fire and building safety How many times in total Fire and building safety How many times in total Fire and building safety How many times in total Fire and building safety How many times in total Fire and building safety How many times in total 32 476 1 2 3 4 5 6 12 Sysmiss Fire and building safety What was the average duration? Fire and building safety What was the average duration? Fire and building safety What was the average duration? Fire and building safety What was the average duration? Fire and building safety What was the average duration? 31 477 1 Sysmiss Fire and building safety Was a gift or informal payment asked for or expected at Fire and building safety Was a gift or informal payment asked for or expected at Fire and building safety Was a gift or informal payment asked for or expected at Fire and building safety Was a gift or informal payment asked for or expected at Fire and building safety Was a gift or informal payment asked for or expected at 32 476 1 Yes 2 No Sysmiss Sanitation / epidemiology Were you required having meetings with officials? Sanitation / epidemiology Were you required having meetings with officials? Sanitation / epidemiology Were you required having meetings with officials? Sanitation / epidemiology Were you required having meetings with officials? Sanitation / epidemiology Were you required having meetings with officials? 508 -7 NA 1 Yes 2 No Sanitation / epidemiology How many times in total Sanitation / epidemiology How many times in total Sanitation / epidemiology How many times in total Sanitation / epidemiology How many times in total Sanitation / epidemiology How many times in total 129 379 1 72 7.984 11.794 Sanitation / epidemiology What was the average duration? Sanitation / epidemiology What was the average duration? Sanitation / epidemiology What was the average duration? Sanitation / epidemiology What was the average duration? Sanitation / epidemiology What was the average duration? 130 378 1 2 3 4 5 Sysmiss Sanitation / epidemiology Was a gift or informal payment asked for or expected Sanitation / epidemiology Was a gift or informal payment asked for or expected Sanitation / epidemiology Was a gift or informal payment asked for or expected Sanitation / epidemiology Was a gift or informal payment asked for or expected Sanitation / epidemiology Was a gift or informal payment asked for or expected 129 379 1 Yes 2 No Sysmiss Municipality Were you required having meetings with official Municipality Were you required having meetings with official Municipality Were you required having meetings with official Municipality Were you required having meetings with official Municipality Were you required having meetings with official 508 -7 NA 1 Yes 2 No Municipality How many times in total Municipality How many times in total Municipality How many times in total Municipality How many times in total Municipality How many times in total 298 210 1 360 11.544 45.542 Municipality What was the average duration? Municipality What was the average duration? Municipality What was the average duration? Municipality What was the average duration? Municipality What was the average duration? 298 210 1 2 Sysmiss Municipality Was a gift or informal payment asked for or expected Municipality Was a gift or informal payment asked for or expected Municipality Was a gift or informal payment asked for or expected Municipality Was a gift or informal payment asked for or expected Municipality Was a gift or informal payment asked for or expected 298 210 1 Yes 2 No Sysmiss Municipal police Were you required having meetings with officials Municipal police Were you required having meetings with officials Municipal police Were you required having meetings with officials Municipal police Were you required having meetings with officials Municipal police Were you required having meetings with officials 508 -7 NA 1 Yes 2 No Municipal police How many times in total Municipal police How many times in total Municipal police How many times in total Municipal police How many times in total Municipal police How many times in total 209 299 1 365 13.947 42.431 Municipal police What was the average duration? (hours) Municipal police What was the average duration? (hours) Municipal police What was the average duration? (hours) Municipal police What was the average duration? (hours) Municipal police What was the average duration? (hours) 209 299 1 2 Sysmiss Municipal police Was a gift or informal payment asked for or expected Municipal police Was a gift or informal payment asked for or expected Municipal police Was a gift or informal payment asked for or expected Municipal police Was a gift or informal payment asked for or expected Municipal police Was a gift or informal payment asked for or expected 209 299 1 Yes 2 No Sysmiss Environmental Were you required having meetings with officials Environmental Were you required having meetings with officials Environmental Were you required having meetings with officials Environmental Were you required having meetings with officials Environmental Were you required having meetings with officials 508 -7 NA 1 Yes 2 No Environmental How many times in total Environmental How many times in total Environmental How many times in total Environmental How many times in total Environmental How many times in total 159 349 1 300 6.623 24.629 Environmental What was the average duration? Environmental What was the average duration? Environmental What was the average duration? Environmental What was the average duration? Environmental What was the average duration? 159 349 1 2 3 4 12 Sysmiss Environmental Was a gift or informal payment asked for or expected Environmental Was a gift or informal payment asked for or expected Environmental Was a gift or informal payment asked for or expected Environmental Was a gift or informal payment asked for or expected Environmental Was a gift or informal payment asked for or expected 159 349 1 Yes 2 No Sysmiss Other Meetings with officials in the context of regulation of your business Other Meetings with officials in the context of regulation of your business Other Meetings with officials in the context of regulation of your business Other Meetings with officials in the context of regulation of your business Other Meetings with officials in the context of regulation of your business 508 1 Yes 2 No Other description Other description Other description Other description Other description 78 CBS Industrial Security Labor Union MAAR National Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance and Research Laboratories National Security Supply Management Tourism Police Traffic Police Other How many times in total Other How many times in total Other How many times in total Other How many times in total Other How many times in total 78 430 -8 300 16.615 50.105 Other What was the average duration? Other What was the average duration? Other What was the average duration? Other What was the average duration? Other What was the average duration? 78 430 -8 1 2 5 10 Sysmiss Other Was a gift or informal payment asked for or expected Other Was a gift or informal payment asked for or expected Other Was a gift or informal payment asked for or expected Other Was a gift or informal payment asked for or expected Other Was a gift or informal payment asked for or expected 78 430 -8 1 Yes 2 No Sysmiss Is your establishment a member of a business association or chamber of commerce Is your establishment a member of a business association or chamber of commerce Is your establishment a member of a business association or chamber of commerce Is your establishment a member of a business association or chamber of commerce Is your establishment a member of a business association or chamber of commerce 508 1 Yes 2 No Is membership mandatory in the most important association Is membership mandatory in the most important association Is membership mandatory in the most important association Is membership mandatory in the most important association Is membership mandatory in the most important association 486 22 -9 Dont know 1 Yes 2 No Sysmiss services the association provide Lobbying government services the association provide Lobbying government services the association provide Lobbying government services the association provide Lobbying government services the association provide Lobbying government 486 22 -9 DK 1 Yes 2 No Sysmiss services the association provide Resolution of disputes (with officials, workers, or other firms) services the association provide Resolution of disputes (with officials, workers, or other firms) services the association provide Resolution of disputes (with officials, workers, or other firms) services the association provide Resolution of disputes (with officials, workers, or other firms) services the association provide Resolution of disputes (with officials, workers, or other firms) 486 22 -9 DK 1 Yes 2 No Sysmiss services the association provide Information and/or contacts on product and input markets services the association provide Information and/or contacts on product and input markets services the association provide Information and/or contacts on product and input markets services the association provide Information and/or contacts on product and input markets services the association provide Information and/or contacts on product and input markets 486 22 -9 DK 1 Yes 2 No Sysmiss services the association provide Accrediting standards or quality of products; reputational benefits services the association provide Accrediting standards or quality of products; reputational benefits services the association provide Accrediting standards or quality of products; reputational benefits services the association provide Accrediting standards or quality of products; reputational benefits services the association provide Accrediting standards or quality of products; reputational benefits 486 22 -9 DK 1 Yes 2 No Sysmiss services the association provide Information on government regulations services the association provide Information on government regulations services the association provide Information on government regulations services the association provide Information on government regulations services the association provide Information on government regulations 486 22 -9 DK 1 Yes 2 No Sysmiss Other, Specify the service does the associatin provide Other, Specify the service does the associatin provide Other, Specify the service does the associatin provide Other, Specify the service does the associatin provide Other, Specify the service does the associatin provide 486 22 -9 DK 1 Yes 2 No Sysmiss Other, Specify the service does the associatin provide Other, Specify the service does the associatin provide Other, Specify the service does the associatin provide Other, Specify the service does the associatin provide Other, Specify the service does the associatin provide 31 Authentication Commercial contract Company’s int. Id Costumes Customs clearance Down biddings Exhibitions Import/export Lectures Licenses Link foreign co w loc Marketing Mediating relations Networking Organise seminars Paper certification Ratification papers Serving workers Training Of the services provided, which one is the most important for establishment Of the services provided, which one is the most important for establishment Of the services provided, which one is the most important for establishment Of the services provided, which one is the most important for establishment Of the services provided, which one is the most important for establishment 186 322 1 Lobbying government 2 Resolution of disputes 3 Information and/or contacts on product and input markets 4 Accrediting standards or quality of products 5 Information on government regulations 6 Other Sysmiss How much do you pay annually in dues to this main association How much do you pay annually in dues to this main association How much do you pay annually in dues to this main association How much do you pay annually in dues to this main association How much do you pay annually in dues to this main association 480 28 168 2000000 20346.808 92348.429 168 1200 2000 2150 2400 2500 3000 3300 3500 3600 4000 4200 4500 4600 4800 5000 5500 6000 6500 6750 7000 7500 8000 8500 9000 10000 11000 12000 12500 13000 14000 15000 16000 16500 17000 18000 19500 19900 20000 21000 22000 23000 24000 25000 26000 27000 30000 32000 35000 39000 40000 45000 50000 54800 60000 80000 100000 105000 250000 2000000 -9 -8 Sysmiss To what degree do you agree or disagree with this statement: To what degree do you agree or disagree with this statement: To what degree do you agree or disagree with this statement: To what degree do you agree or disagree with this statement: To what degree do you agree or disagree with this statement: To what degree do you agree or disagree with this statement: "I am confident that the judicial system will enforce my contractual and property rights in business disputes." Evaluate the statement on a scale from 1 to 6, 1 being "fully disagree" to 6 being "fully agree"? 508 -9 Dont know 1 Fully disagree 2 Disagree in most cases 3 Tend to disagree 4 Tend to agree 5 Agree in most cases 6 Fully agree On average over the last year what percent of your monthly total sales to privat On average over the last year what percent of your monthly total sales to privat On average over the last year what percent of your monthly total sales to privat On average over the last year what percent of your monthly total sales to privat On average over the last year what percent of your monthly total sales to privat On average over the last year what percent of your monthly total sales to private customers were not paid within the agreed time? 508 -7 NA 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 10 12 13 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 60 65 70 75 80 90 95 99 100 What percent of your sales to government agencies or state owned enterprises wer What percent of your sales to government agencies or state owned enterprises wer What percent of your sales to government agencies or state owned enterprises wer What percent of your sales to government agencies or state owned enterprises wer What percent of your sales to government agencies or state owned enterprises wer What percent of your sales to government agencies or state owned enterprises were not paid within the agreed time? 508 -7 NA 1 2 3 5 7 10 12 15 20 25 30 35 40 50 60 80 90 100 Has your establishment been involved in a court case in the last 3 years? Has your establishment been involved in a court case in the last 3 years? Has your establishment been involved in a court case in the last 3 years? Has your establishment been involved in a court case in the last 3 years? Has your establishment been involved in a court case in the last 3 years? 508 1 Yes 2 No On average how many months did those court cases take o resolve, that is from th On average how many months did those court cases take o resolve, that is from th On average how many months did those court cases take o resolve, that is from th On average how many months did those court cases take o resolve, that is from th On average how many months did those court cases take o resolve, that is from th 154 354 1 120 26.909 22.279 Were the decisions of the court (whether in your favor or not) generally enforced Were the decisions of the court (whether in your favor or not) generally enforced Were the decisions of the court (whether in your favor or not) generally enforced Were the decisions of the court (whether in your favor or not) generally enforced Were the decisions of the court (whether in your favor or not) generally enforced 129 379 1 Yes 2 No Sysmiss Internal funds Working Capital % Internal funds Working Capital % Internal funds Working Capital % Internal funds Working Capital % Internal funds Working Capital % Please identify the contribution over the last year of each of the following sources of financing for your establishment's : 507 1 100 81.702 31.698 2 10 15 20 25 30 32 40 50 53 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 92 95 97 100 -8 Internal Funds New Investments % Internal Funds New Investments % Internal Funds New Investments % Internal Funds New Investments % Internal Funds New Investments % Please identify the contribution over the last year of each of the following sources of financing for your establishment's : 507 1 100 79.099 33.905 10 20 25 30 40 45 48 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 97 98 100 -8 Domestic Working Capital % Domestic Working Capital % Domestic Working Capital % Domestic Working Capital % Domestic Working Capital % Please identify the contribution over the last year of each of the following sources of financing for your establishment's : 507 1 100 4.29 13.075 2 3 5 7 8 10 15 20 25 30 35 50 60 75 100 -8 Domestic New Investments % Domestic New Investments % Domestic New Investments % Domestic New Investments % Domestic New Investments % Please identify the contribution over the last year of each of the following sources of financing for your establishment's : 507 1 100 8.063 19.9 3 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 50 60 70 75 100 -8 International Working Capital % International Working Capital % International Working Capital % International Working Capital % International Working Capital % Please identify the contribution over the last year of each of the following sources of financing for your establishment's : 507 1 68 0.909 6.272 10 15 18 20 30 35 40 50 60 68 -8 International New Investments % International New Investments % International New Investments % International New Investments % International New Investments % Please identify the contribution over the last year of each of the following sources of financing for your establishment's : 507 1 100 1.834 10.793 10 20 25 30 50 70 80 100 -8 Leasing Working Capital % Leasing Working Capital % Leasing Working Capital % Leasing Working Capital % Leasing Working Capital % Please identify the contribution over the last year of each of the following sources of financing for your establishment's : 507 1 20 0.0888 1.194 10 15 20 -8 Leasing New Investments % Leasing New Investments % Leasing New Investments % Leasing New Investments % Leasing New Investments % Please identify the contribution over the last year of each of the following sources of financing for your establishment's : 507 1 20 0.0493 0.915 5 20 -8 Special development Working Capital % Special development Working Capital % Special development Working Capital % Special development Working Capital % Special development Working Capital % Please identify the contribution over the last year of each of the following sources of financing for your establishment's : 507 1 100 0.489 5.562 10 35 43 50 100 -8 Special development New Investments % Special development New Investments % Special development New Investments % Special development New Investments % Special development New Investments % Please identify the contribution over the last year of each of the following sources of financing for your establishment's : 507 1 100 0.533 6.706 20 50 100 -8 Trade credit Working Capital % Trade credit Working Capital % Trade credit Working Capital % Trade credit Working Capital % Trade credit Working Capital % Please identify the contribution over the last year of each of the following sources of financing for your establishment's : 507 1 90 0.848 6.016 5 10 13 15 20 22 35 40 60 90 -8 Trade credit New Investments % Trade credit New Investments % Trade credit New Investments % Trade credit New Investments % Trade credit New Investments % Please identify the contribution over the last year of each of the following sources of financing for your establishment's : 507 1 100 0.414 4.78 5 10 20 100 -8 friends Working Capital % friends Working Capital % friends Working Capital % friends Working Capital % friends Working Capital % Please identify the contribution over the last year of each of the following sources of financing for your establishment's : 507 1 100 10.134 26.71 5 10 15 20 25 30 50 60 70 75 80 85 98 100 -8 friends New Investments % friends New Investments % friends New Investments % friends New Investments % friends New Investments % Please identify the contribution over the last year of each of the following sources of financing for your establishment's : 507 1 100 8.742 24.738 2 5 10 20 25 30 35 40 50 60 70 75 80 90 100 -8 Informal sources Working Capital % Informal sources Working Capital % Informal sources Working Capital % Informal sources Working Capital % Informal sources Working Capital % Please identify the contribution over the last year of each of the following sources of financing for your establishment's : 507 1 100 0.302 4.73 2 20 31 100 -8 Informal sources New Investments % Informal sources New Investments % Informal sources New Investments % Informal sources New Investments % Informal sources New Investments % Please identify the contribution over the last year of each of the following sources of financing for your establishment's : 507 1 20 0.0789 1.086 10 20 -8 Other Specify Other Specify Other Specify Other Specify Other Specify Please identify the contribution over the last year of each of the following sources of financing for your establishment's : 10 Banking monetary exchange External funds Foreign partnership Government state Partnership Private funding Sponsor Other Working Capital % Other Working Capital % Other Working Capital % Other Working Capital % Other Working Capital % Please identify the contribution over the last year of each of the following sources of financing for your establishment's : 507 1 100 1.237 10.179 5 15 25 32 70 80 100 -8 Other New Investments % Other New Investments % Other New Investments % Other New Investments % Other New Investments % Please identify the contribution over the last year of each of the following sources of financing for your establishment's : 507 1 100 1.335 10.485 5 10 20 50 52 100 -8 At this time, does this establishment have an overdraft facility or a line of credit At this time, does this establishment have an overdraft facility or a line of credit At this time, does this establishment have an overdraft facility or a line of credit At this time, does this establishment have an overdraft facility or a line of credit At this time, does this establishment have an overdraft facility or a line of credit 508 1 Yes 2 No or a line of credit (short term credits excluding loans) ? or a line of credit (short term credits excluding loans) ? or a line of credit (short term credits excluding loans) ? or a line of credit (short term credits excluding loans) ? or a line of credit (short term credits excluding loans) ? 508 1 Yes 2 No If YES what percent is currently unused? Overdraft facility If YES what percent is currently unused? Overdraft facility If YES what percent is currently unused? Overdraft facility If YES what percent is currently unused? Overdraft facility If YES what percent is currently unused? Overdraft facility 147 361 100 53.878 39.645 If YES what percent is currently unused? Line of credit If YES what percent is currently unused? Line of credit If YES what percent is currently unused? Line of credit If YES what percent is currently unused? Line of credit If YES what percent is currently unused? Line of credit 130 378 100 51.631 40.9 Does your establishment currently have a loan from a financial institution? Does your establishment currently have a loan from a financial institution? Does your establishment currently have a loan from a financial institution? Does your establishment currently have a loan from a financial institution? Does your establishment currently have a loan from a financial institution? 508 1 Yes 2 No What year was the most recent loan approved? What year was the most recent loan approved? What year was the most recent loan approved? What year was the most recent loan approved? What year was the most recent loan approved? 74 434 1995 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 Sysmiss Did the loan require collateral or a deposit? Did the loan require collateral or a deposit? Did the loan require collateral or a deposit? Did the loan require collateral or a deposit? Did the loan require collateral or a deposit? 74 434 1 Yes 2 No Sysmiss Land Which of the following were used as collateral? Land Which of the following were used as collateral? Land Which of the following were used as collateral? Land Which of the following were used as collateral? Land Which of the following were used as collateral? 62 446 1 Yes 2 No Sysmiss Immoveable plant / machinery Which of the following were used as collateral? Immoveable plant / machinery Which of the following were used as collateral? Immoveable plant / machinery Which of the following were used as collateral? Immoveable plant / machinery Which of the following were used as collateral? Immoveable plant / machinery Which of the following were used as collateral? 62 446 1 Yes 2 No Sysmiss Moveable machinery and equipment (incl vehicles) Which of the following were used as collateral? Moveable machinery and equipment (incl vehicles) Which of the following were used as collateral? Moveable machinery and equipment (incl vehicles) Which of the following were used as collateral? Moveable machinery and equipment (incl vehicles) Which of the following were used as collateral? Moveable machinery and equipment (incl vehicles) Which of the following were used as collateral? 62 446 1 Yes 2 No Sysmiss Other tangible Which of the following were used as collateral Other tangible Which of the following were used as collateral Other tangible Which of the following were used as collateral Other tangible Which of the following were used as collateral Other tangible Which of the following were used as collateral 62 446 1 Yes 2 No Sysmiss Personal assets Which of the following were used as collateral Personal assets Which of the following were used as collateral Personal assets Which of the following were used as collateral Personal assets Which of the following were used as collateral Personal assets Which of the following were used as collateral 62 446 1 Yes 2 No Sysmiss What was the approximate value of the collateral required as a percentage of the loan value What was the approximate value of the collateral required as a percentage of the loan value What was the approximate value of the collateral required as a percentage of the loan value What was the approximate value of the collateral required as a percentage of the loan value What was the approximate value of the collateral required as a percentage of the loan value 61 447 5 500 124.049 107.046 5 7 10 25 30 33 40 50 70 75 80 100 120 125 135 140 150 160 200 250 300 312 400 500 -8 Sysmiss Over the last year, what was the loan's approximate annual rate of interest? Over the last year, what was the loan's approximate annual rate of interest? Over the last year, what was the loan's approximate annual rate of interest? Over the last year, what was the loan's approximate annual rate of interest? Over the last year, what was the loan's approximate annual rate of interest? 72 436 3 50 10.625 7.336 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 16 20 22 50 -8 Sysmiss What is the total duration (term) of the loan (from the mome What is the total duration (term) of the loan (from the mome What is the total duration (term) of the loan (from the mome What is the total duration (term) of the loan (from the mome What is the total duration (term) of the loan (from the mome 74 434 6 150 40.689 36.95 machinery What was the main use of this loan? machinery What was the main use of this loan? machinery What was the main use of this loan? machinery What was the main use of this loan? machinery What was the main use of this loan? 74 434 1 Yes 2 No Sysmiss fixed assets What was the main use of this loan? fixed assets What was the main use of this loan? fixed assets What was the main use of this loan? fixed assets What was the main use of this loan? fixed assets What was the main use of this loan? 74 434 1 Yes 2 No Sysmiss inputs,What was the main use of this loan? inputs,What was the main use of this loan? inputs,What was the main use of this loan? inputs,What was the main use of this loan? inputs,What was the main use of this loan? 74 434 1 Yes 2 No Sysmiss loans What was the main use of this loan? loans What was the main use of this loan? loans What was the main use of this loan? loans What was the main use of this loan? loans What was the main use of this loan? 74 434 1 Yes 2 No Sysmiss Other What was the main use of this loan? Other What was the main use of this loan? Other What was the main use of this loan? Other What was the main use of this loan? Other What was the main use of this loan? 74 434 1 Yes 2 No Sysmiss Other (Specify) What was the main use of this loan? Other (Specify) What was the main use of this loan? Other (Specify) What was the main use of this loan? Other (Specify) What was the main use of this loan? Other (Specify) What was the main use of this loan? 11 Buy sailing ships Engaging in a business deal Expanding Industrial development International standardization certificate obtainment Investing Investment contract Lack of liquidity Short financing Referring to this a loan what type of financial institution granted this loan Referring to this a loan what type of financial institution granted this loan Referring to this a loan what type of financial institution granted this loan Referring to this a loan what type of financial institution granted this loan Referring to this a loan what type of financial institution granted this loan Referring to this a loan what type of financial institution granted this loan? 74 434 1 Domestic bank loan 2 Foreign bank loan 3 Loan from a government program 4 Other Sysmiss type of financial institution granted loan, Other type of financial institution granted loan, Other type of financial institution granted loan, Other type of financial institution granted loan, Other type of financial institution granted loan, Other Why don't you currently have a loan? Why don't you currently have a loan? Why don't you currently have a loan? Why don't you currently have a loan? Why don't you currently have a loan? 435 73 1 Because I did not apply for a loan 2 Because the last application was turned down 3 Because application approval is still pending Sysmiss If the establishment did not apply for a loan, what was the principal reason If the establishment did not apply for a loan, what was the principal reason If the establishment did not apply for a loan, what was the principal reason If the establishment did not apply for a loan, what was the principal reason If the establishment did not apply for a loan, what was the principal reason 419 89 1 Have sufficient internal liquidity 2 Have other sources that can provide my financing needs 3 Do not believe in interest based borrowing 4 Application procedures for bank loans are too burdensome 5 Collateral requirements of bank loans are too strict 6 Interest rates are too high 7 It is necessary to have contacts or give informal payments to get the loans (corruption in the allocation of bank credit) 8 Did not think that it would be approved 9 Other Sysmiss Other what was the principal reason? Other what was the principal reason? Other what was the principal reason? Other what was the principal reason? Other what was the principal reason? 4 Dissatisfaction with the banking services Lack of Trust Lack of trust in current banking system Lack of trust in current banking systems principal reason for application rejection principal reason for application rejection principal reason for application rejection principal reason for application rejection principal reason for application rejection What was the principal reason given to you for application rejection? (Single response) 11 497 1 Lack of accepted collateral (e.g. property not accepted as collateral) 2 Incompleteness of application 3 Perceived lack of profitability of project 4 Bad credit history 5 Other Sysmiss Other what was the principal reason for application rejection? Other what was the principal reason for application rejection? Other what was the principal reason for application rejection? Other what was the principal reason for application rejection? Other what was the principal reason for application rejection? 4 Did not apply Enterprise is estabished on a farm High risk investment Personal conflicts What share of your total borrowing (loans, accounts payable) in foreign currency What share of your total borrowing (loans, accounts payable) in foreign currency What share of your total borrowing (loans, accounts payable) in foreign currency What share of your total borrowing (loans, accounts payable) in foreign currency What share of your total borrowing (loans, accounts payable) in foreign currency What share of your total borrowing (loans, accounts payable) is denominated in foreign currency? 72 436 100 22.569 36.279 The current global financing instability The current global financing instability The current global financing instability The current global financing instability The current global financing instability Over the next year, do you think that your firm?s access to bank financing will be affected by the following? 508 -9 DK 1 Yes 2 No The current volatility in the financial markets in the Gulf region The current volatility in the financial markets in the Gulf region The current volatility in the financial markets in the Gulf region The current volatility in the financial markets in the Gulf region The current volatility in the financial markets in the Gulf region Over the next year, do you think that your firm?s access to bank financing will be affected by the following? 508 -9 DK 1 Yes 2 No Does your establishment have A checking and / or saving account Does your establishment have A checking and / or saving account Does your establishment have A checking and / or saving account Does your establishment have A checking and / or saving account Does your establishment have A checking and / or saving account 507 1 1 Yes 2 No Sysmiss Does your establishment have Property and casualty insurance on any of its assets Does your establishment have Property and casualty insurance on any of its assets Does your establishment have Property and casualty insurance on any of its assets Does your establishment have Property and casualty insurance on any of its assets Does your establishment have Property and casualty insurance on any of its assets 507 1 1 Yes 2 No Sysmiss Does your company prepare general purpose financial statements for use by banks Does your company prepare general purpose financial statements for use by banks Does your company prepare general purpose financial statements for use by banks Does your company prepare general purpose financial statements for use by banks Does your company prepare general purpose financial statements for use by banks 508 1 Yes 2 No Are these statements prepared in accordance with [Syrian/International] accounting standards Are these statements prepared in accordance with [Syrian/International] accounting standards Are these statements prepared in accordance with [Syrian/International] accounting standards Are these statements prepared in accordance with [Syrian/International] accounting standards Are these statements prepared in accordance with [Syrian/International] accounting standards 508 1 Yes 2 No annual financial statement checked and certified by an external auditor annual financial statement checked and certified by an external auditor annual financial statement checked and certified by an external auditor annual financial statement checked and certified by an external auditor annual financial statement checked and certified by an external auditor 506 2 1 Yes 2 No Sysmiss Of the land occupied by this establishment, what percent is Owned Of the land occupied by this establishment, what percent is Owned Of the land occupied by this establishment, what percent is Owned Of the land occupied by this establishment, what percent is Owned Of the land occupied by this establishment, what percent is Owned 508 100 79.305 34.856 Of the land occupied by this establishment, what percent is leased Of the land occupied by this establishment, what percent is leased Of the land occupied by this establishment, what percent is leased Of the land occupied by this establishment, what percent is leased Of the land occupied by this establishment, what percent is leased 508 100 20.695 34.856 When your establishment started its operation in this country, what was the tota When your establishment started its operation in this country, what was the tota When your establishment started its operation in this country, what was the tota When your establishment started its operation in this country, what was the tota When your establishment started its operation in this country, what was the tota When your establishment started its operation in this country, what was the total number of full time paid employees? 508 -7 don't know 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 22 24 25 26 27 28 30 35 36 40 45 50 53 55 60 65 70 75 76 80 90 100 111 120 130 140 150 160 165 199 200 220 250 285 300 400 450 900 2500 the average number of permanent workers in 2006 the average number of permanent workers in 2006 the average number of permanent workers in 2006 the average number of permanent workers in 2006 the average number of permanent workers in 2006 477 31 2500 81.948 182.488 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 23 24 25 27 28 30 32 33 35 36 38 40 42 44 45 50 51 52 54 55 58 60 65 69 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 192 195 200 210 230 250 260 270 300 310 350 360 393 400 450 500 525 550 600 750 864 958 1300 1500 2500 -9 -8 -7 Sysmiss the average number of permanent workers in 2007 the average number of permanent workers in 2007 the average number of permanent workers in 2007 the average number of permanent workers in 2007 the average number of permanent workers in 2007 493 15 1 2600 86.306 187.502 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 30 32 33 35 36 38 40 42 45 48 50 51 52 54 55 56 57 60 65 70 75 78 80 85 90 95 100 105 110 111 115 116 120 122 125 130 140 150 160 165 170 180 190 200 210 214 220 235 240 250 255 270 275 280 285 300 325 340 350 360 380 384 400 430 460 500 520 525 600 650 800 805 900 920 1250 1600 2600 -8 -7 Sysmiss the average number of permanent workers in 2008 Total the average number of permanent workers in 2008 Total the average number of permanent workers in 2008 Total the average number of permanent workers in 2008 Total the average number of permanent workers in 2008 Total 506 2 2 3200 88.901 205.363 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 30 32 33 35 36 37 38 39 40 43 45 48 50 51 52 54 55 56 60 62 63 65 69 70 75 76 80 85 90 92 95 100 102 110 111 115 120 125 130 134 138 140 150 160 165 170 180 185 190 200 210 220 225 230 250 252 265 275 280 283 293 300 320 340 350 400 412 420 440 450 470 500 505 507 600 624 700 850 975 1050 1200 1700 3200 -8 the average number of permanent workers in 2008 Professional the average number of permanent workers in 2008 Professional the average number of permanent workers in 2008 Professional the average number of permanent workers in 2008 Professional the average number of permanent workers in 2008 Professional 503 5 300 13.74 27.749 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 27 28 30 32 35 36 38 40 42 45 50 53 56 60 61 63 67 71 75 84 90 95 100 105 126 150 160 170 176 200 300 -8 the average number of permanent workers in 2008 Skilled Production Workers the average number of permanent workers in 2008 Skilled Production Workers the average number of permanent workers in 2008 Skilled Production Workers the average number of permanent workers in 2008 Skilled Production Workers the average number of permanent workers in 2008 Skilled Production Workers 503 5 850 27.421 66.925 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 25 26 27 28 29 30 32 33 35 37 40 50 51 55 56 57 59 60 63 65 70 72 75 76 78 80 83 84 87 90 100 103 105 110 120 125 135 140 144 150 160 200 210 224 250 254 280 367 400 500 850 -8 the average number of permanent workers in 2008 Unskilled Production Workers the average number of permanent workers in 2008 Unskilled Production Workers the average number of permanent workers in 2008 Unskilled Production Workers the average number of permanent workers in 2008 Unskilled Production Workers the average number of permanent workers in 2008 Unskilled Production Workers 503 5 2500 46.859 143.488 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 29 30 31 32 34 35 38 39 40 42 43 44 45 49 50 53 54 55 57 59 60 64 66 68 70 72 73 75 78 80 81 83 84 85 86 87 88 90 95 98 100 101 102 106 118 121 125 130 132 136 139 140 150 155 158 160 170 174 179 180 200 210 220 225 230 250 253 259 260 265 280 300 313 364 407 444 467 500 630 1330 2500 -8 Compensation Total Compensation Total Compensation Total Compensation Total Compensation Total 476 32 50000 720000000 15397665.515 -8 REF -7 new business (less than 3 years old) Compensation Professionals Compensation Professionals Compensation Professionals Compensation Professionals Compensation Professionals 467 41 484000000 4997974.347 -7 new business (less than 3 years old) -8 REF Compensation Skilled Production Workers Compensation Skilled Production Workers Compensation Skilled Production Workers Compensation Skilled Production Workers Compensation Skilled Production Workers 465 43 150000000 4386825.133 -7 new business (less than 3 years old) -8 REF Compensation unskilled Production Workers Compensation unskilled Production Workers Compensation unskilled Production Workers Compensation unskilled Production Workers Compensation unskilled Production Workers 467 41 450000000 5623994.009 -7 new business (less than 3 years old) -8 REF Female Professionals percent Female Professionals percent Female Professionals percent Female Professionals percent Female Professionals percent 507 1 100 10.138 20.514 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 12 13 14 15 16 19 20 22 25 29 30 33 34 35 40 50 60 65 66 70 75 80 83 90 93 100 -8 Female Skilled Production Workers percent Female Skilled Production Workers percent Female Skilled Production Workers percent Female Skilled Production Workers percent Female Skilled Production Workers percent 507 1 100 8.657 18.551 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 20 22 23 25 26 27 29 30 33 35 40 45 48 50 55 65 70 75 76 80 85 90 100 -8 Female Unskilled Production Workers percent Female Unskilled Production Workers percent Female Unskilled Production Workers percent Female Unskilled Production Workers percent Female Unskilled Production Workers percent 507 1 100 9.799 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 13 14 15 16 20 21 24 25 26 28 30 31 32 33 37 38 40 46 48 50 60 63 65 67 70 80 87 90 100 -8 Female Total percentage Female Total percentage Female Total percentage Female Total percentage Female Total percentage 507 1 100 16.513 22.028 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 28 30 31 32 33 34 35 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 47 48 49 50 51 53 54 55 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 67 68 70 72 73 75 80 82 84 88 90 100 -8 Female Total part time percentage Female Total part time percentage Female Total part time percentage Female Total part time percentage Female Total part time percentage 507 1 100 4.018 12.246 1 2 3 5 6 7 9 10 11 14 15 20 25 26 28 30 35 40 45 46 50 60 67 70 100 -8 temporary workers 2008 temporary workers 2008 temporary workers 2008 temporary workers 2008 temporary workers 2008 507 1 200 7.716 23.421 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 10 11 12 13 15 17 18 20 25 28 30 35 40 50 60 70 75 95 100 120 135 150 200 -8 temporary workers 2007 temporary workers 2007 temporary workers 2007 temporary workers 2007 temporary workers 2007 507 1 200 6.663 20.986 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 10 11 12 13 15 17 18 20 25 27 29 30 33 35 40 50 60 75 80 100 135 150 200 -8 temporary workers 2006 temporary workers 2006 temporary workers 2006 temporary workers 2006 temporary workers 2006 505 3 200 6.05 19.297 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 10 12 13 15 17 18 20 25 30 33 40 50 60 70 75 80 100 200 -8 -7 Female workers 2008 Female workers 2008 Female workers 2008 Female workers 2008 Female workers 2008 507 1 100 5.446 17.441 1 2 3 4 5 7 10 15 16 20 22 25 30 35 40 50 60 70 80 95 100 -8 Part-time workers 2008 Part-time workers 2008 Part-time workers 2008 Part-time workers 2008 Part-time workers 2008 507 1 120 1.383 9.193 1 2 3 4 5 10 20 21 25 30 40 75 100 120 -8 Average length of employment 2008 Average length of employment 2008 Average length of employment 2008 Average length of employment 2008 Average length of employment 2008 Of the temporary workers in 2008, what was the average length of employment for each project? 505 3 240 5.485 17.202 1 2 3 4 6 7 8 10 12 14 15 16 20 24 25 26 30 32 48 52 54 60 85 90 98 104 240 -8 Total compensation 2008 Total compensation 2008 Total compensation 2008 Total compensation 2008 Total compensation 2008 Of the temporary workers in 2008, what was the total compensation (in SYP), including all benefits? 490 18 13000000 313297.898 1216344.449 -8 REF expectation to employment in 2010 expectation to employment in 2010 expectation to employment in 2010 expectation to employment in 2010 expectation to employment in 2010 508 1 expand 2 maintain 3 reduce expectation to expand employment in 2010 expectation to expand employment in 2010 expectation to expand employment in 2010 expectation to expand employment in 2010 expectation to expand employment in 2010 234 274 2 280 27.073 29.302 expectation to reduce employment in 2010 expectation to reduce employment in 2010 expectation to reduce employment in 2010 expectation to reduce employment in 2010 expectation to reduce employment in 2010 61 447 3 100 28.902 28.201 skilled technicians skilled technicians skilled technicians skilled technicians skilled technicians Within the last two years, how many weeks did it take to fill your most recent vacancy through external recruitment for . . . ? 508 -92 Not filled -7 Not Applicable 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 10 12 14 15 16 20 24 25 26 30 32 36 40 45 50 52 96 100 104 Production or service workers Production or service workers Production or service workers Production or service workers Production or service workers Within the last two years, how many weeks did it take to fill your most recent vacancy through external recruitment for . . . ? 508 -92 Not filled -7 Not Applicable 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 10 11 12 15 16 20 27 28 32 Managers Managers Managers Managers Managers Within the last two years, how many weeks did it take to fill your most recent vacancy through external recruitment for . . . ? 508 -92 Not filled -7 Not Applicable 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 10 12 14 15 16 20 24 25 30 32 36 48 50 52 78 Engineers Engineers Engineers Engineers Engineers Over the last two years, has your firm sought to hire any of the following types of employees? 508 1 yes 2 no Computers and CT Computers and CT Computers and CT Computers and CT Computers and CT Over the last two years, has your firm sought to hire any of the following types of employees? 508 1 yes 2 no Technicians Technicians Technicians Technicians Technicians Over the last two years, has your firm sought to hire any of the following types of employees? 508 1 yes 2 no Construction workers Construction workers Construction workers Construction workers Construction workers Over the last two years, has your firm sought to hire any of the following types of employees? 508 1 yes 2 no Managers Managers Managers Managers Managers Over the last two years, has your firm sought to hire any of the following types of employees? 508 1 yes 2 no Sales force Sales force Sales force Sales force Sales force Over the last two years, has your firm sought to hire any of the following types of employees? 508 1 yes 2 no Legal affairs Legal affairs Legal affairs Legal affairs Legal affairs Over the last two years, has your firm sought to hire any of the following types of employees? 508 1 yes 2 no Engineers difficulty in finding or hiring Engineers difficulty in finding or hiring Engineers difficulty in finding or hiring Engineers difficulty in finding or hiring Engineers difficulty in finding or hiring 170 338 1 yes 2 no Sysmiss Computers and CT difficulty in finding or hiring Computers and CT difficulty in finding or hiring Computers and CT difficulty in finding or hiring Computers and CT difficulty in finding or hiring Computers and CT difficulty in finding or hiring Over the last two years, has your firm sought to hire any of the following types of employees? 128 380 1 yes 2 no Sysmiss Technicians difficulty in finding or hiring Technicians difficulty in finding or hiring Technicians difficulty in finding or hiring Technicians difficulty in finding or hiring Technicians difficulty in finding or hiring 261 247 1 yes 2 no Sysmiss Construction workers difficulty in finding or hiring Construction workers difficulty in finding or hiring Construction workers difficulty in finding or hiring Construction workers difficulty in finding or hiring Construction workers difficulty in finding or hiring 50 458 1 yes 2 no Sysmiss Managers difficulty in finding or hiring Managers difficulty in finding or hiring Managers difficulty in finding or hiring Managers difficulty in finding or hiring Managers difficulty in finding or hiring 158 350 1 yes 2 no Sysmiss Sales force difficulty in finding or hiring Sales force difficulty in finding or hiring Sales force difficulty in finding or hiring Sales force difficulty in finding or hiring Sales force difficulty in finding or hiring 221 287 1 yes 2 no Sysmiss Legal affairs difficulty in finding or hiring Legal affairs difficulty in finding or hiring Legal affairs difficulty in finding or hiring Legal affairs difficulty in finding or hiring Legal affairs difficulty in finding or hiring 58 450 1 yes 2 no Sysmiss Engineers reason for difficulty in finding or hiring Engineers reason for difficulty in finding or hiring Engineers reason for difficulty in finding or hiring Engineers reason for difficulty in finding or hiring Engineers reason for difficulty in finding or hiring 99 409 1 High sigh salaries for individuals with those skills 2 Limited availability of individuals with those skill 3 Individuals with relevant education had no experience or inappropriate training 4 Restrictive labor regulations 5 Specify Sysmiss Engineers reason for difficulty in finding or hiring- Other specify Engineers reason for difficulty in finding or hiring- Other specify Engineers reason for difficulty in finding or hiring- Other specify Engineers reason for difficulty in finding or hiring- Other specify Engineers reason for difficulty in finding or hiring- Other specify 6 Brain drain Dishonesty of CVs Poor labor ethics Preferences to work for public sector Strong concentration on recruiting women Unmotivated labor Computers and CT reason for difficulty in finding or hiring Computers and CT reason for difficulty in finding or hiring Computers and CT reason for difficulty in finding or hiring Computers and CT reason for difficulty in finding or hiring Computers and CT reason for difficulty in finding or hiring 55 453 1 High sigh salaries for individuals with those skills 2 Limited availability of individuals with those skill 3 Individuals with relevant education had no experience or inappropriate training 4 Restrictive labor regulations 5 Specify Sysmiss Computer & CT reason for difficulty in finding or hiring- Other specify Computer & CT reason for difficulty in finding or hiring- Other specify Computer & CT reason for difficulty in finding or hiring- Other specify Computer & CT reason for difficulty in finding or hiring- Other specify Computer & CT reason for difficulty in finding or hiring- Other specify 3 Lack of good recruiting agencies Non-educated workers Poor labor ethics Technicians reason for difficulty in finding or hiring Technicians reason for difficulty in finding or hiring Technicians reason for difficulty in finding or hiring Technicians reason for difficulty in finding or hiring Technicians reason for difficulty in finding or hiring 157 351 1 High sigh salaries for individuals with those skills 2 Limited availability of individuals with those skill 3 Individuals with relevant education had no experience or inappropriate training 4 Restrictive labor regulations 5 Specify Sysmiss Technicians reason for difficulty in finding or hiring - Other specify Technicians reason for difficulty in finding or hiring - Other specify Technicians reason for difficulty in finding or hiring - Other specify Technicians reason for difficulty in finding or hiring - Other specify Technicians reason for difficulty in finding or hiring - Other specify 3 Irrelevant educational backgrounds Poor labor ethics Unmotivated labour Construction workers reason for difficulty in finding or hiring Construction workers reason for difficulty in finding or hiring Construction workers reason for difficulty in finding or hiring Construction workers reason for difficulty in finding or hiring Construction workers reason for difficulty in finding or hiring 9 499 1 High sigh salaries for individuals with those skills 2 Limited availability of individuals with those skill 3 Individuals with relevant education had no experience or inappropriate training 4 Restrictive labor regulations 5 Specify Sysmiss Construction workers reason for difficulty in finding or hiring - other specify Construction workers reason for difficulty in finding or hiring - other specify Construction workers reason for difficulty in finding or hiring - other specify Construction workers reason for difficulty in finding or hiring - other specify Construction workers reason for difficulty in finding or hiring - other specify 1 Unqualified labor Managers reason for difficulty in finding or hiring Managers reason for difficulty in finding or hiring Managers reason for difficulty in finding or hiring Managers reason for difficulty in finding or hiring Managers reason for difficulty in finding or hiring 125 383 1 High sigh salaries for individuals with those skills 2 Limited availability of individuals with those skill 3 Individuals with relevant education had no experience or inappropriate training 4 Restrictive labor regulations 5 Specify Sysmiss Managers reason for difficulty in finding or hiring - other specify Managers reason for difficulty in finding or hiring - other specify Managers reason for difficulty in finding or hiring - other specify Managers reason for difficulty in finding or hiring - other specify Managers reason for difficulty in finding or hiring - other specify 2 Low retention of ambitious employees Proximity is a priority to employees Sales force reason for difficulty in finding or hiring Sales force reason for difficulty in finding or hiring Sales force reason for difficulty in finding or hiring Sales force reason for difficulty in finding or hiring Sales force reason for difficulty in finding or hiring 131 377 1 High sigh salaries for individuals with those skills 2 Limited availability of individuals with those skill 3 Individuals with relevant education had no experience or inappropriate training 4 Restrictive labor regulations 5 Specify Sysmiss Sales force reason for difficulty in finding or hiring - other specify Sales force reason for difficulty in finding or hiring - other specify Sales force reason for difficulty in finding or hiring - other specify Sales force reason for difficulty in finding or hiring - other specify Sales force reason for difficulty in finding or hiring - other specify 1 Poor labor ethics Some university or higher Some university or higher Some university or higher Some university or higher Some university or higher What percent of the workforce at your establishment have the following education levels? 507 1 100 22.915 25.74 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 18 19 20 22 25 30 33 35 36 38 40 45 50 55 60 62 64 65 70 75 80 90 95 100 -8 Completed secondary (incl. vocational) Completed secondary (incl. vocational) Completed secondary (incl. vocational) Completed secondary (incl. vocational) Completed secondary (incl. vocational) What percent of the workforce at your establishment have the following education levels? 507 1 100 19.821 20.559 1 2 3 4 5 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 18 20 23 24 25 30 33 34 35 37 40 42 50 60 62 65 70 75 79 80 84 90 100 -8 Incomplete secondary Incomplete secondary Incomplete secondary Incomplete secondary Incomplete secondary What percent of the workforce at your establishment have the following education levels? 507 1 100 24.722 26.894 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 14 15 16 18 19 20 22 23 24 25 27 28 29 30 33 35 40 42 45 46 49 50 52 53 56 57 60 65 70 73 74 75 77 80 83 84 87 90 99 100 -8 Completed primary Completed primary Completed primary Completed primary Completed primary What percent of the workforce at your establishment have the following education levels? 507 1 100 26.205 29.452 1 2 5 7 8 10 12 13 15 16 17 19 20 22 23 25 27 28 30 31 33 35 36 37 38 40 41 42 43 45 49 50 52 55 56 58 60 61 62 63 64 65 67 69 70 75 80 82 84 85 86 87 90 95 97 99 100 -8 Did not complete primary Did not complete primary Did not complete primary Did not complete primary Did not complete primary What percent of the workforce at your establishment have the following education levels? 507 1 100 6.337 15.633 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 10 13 14 15 16 17 18 20 24 25 26 28 30 31 33 34 35 37 40 45 47 50 55 57 58 60 70 73 75 80 90 95 100 -8 Manager's experience in sector Manager's experience in sector Manager's experience in sector Manager's experience in sector Manager's experience in sector 508 1 65 21.675 11.77 formal training programs for permanent, full-time employees formal training programs for permanent, full-time employees formal training programs for permanent, full-time employees formal training programs for permanent, full-time employees formal training programs for permanent, full-time employees 508 -9 don't know 1 yes 2 no Production full-time permanent employees trained % Production full-time permanent employees trained % Production full-time permanent employees trained % Production full-time permanent employees trained % Production full-time permanent employees trained % 191 317 100 43.183 42.837 1 2 5 10 12 15 20 25 30 40 50 60 69 70 75 79 80 90 100 -8 Sysmiss Non-production full-time permanent employees trained % Non-production full-time permanent employees trained % Non-production full-time permanent employees trained % Non-production full-time permanent employees trained % Non-production full-time permanent employees trained % 191 317 100 42.005 43.981 4 5 10 15 19 20 25 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 -8 Sysmiss Total annual cost of labor (including wages, salaries, bonuses, social payments) 2008 (LCUs) Total annual cost of labor (including wages, salaries, bonuses, social payments) 2008 (LCUs) Total annual cost of labor (including wages, salaries, bonuses, social payments) 2008 (LCUs) Total annual cost of labor (including wages, salaries, bonuses, social payments) 2008 (LCUs) Total annual cost of labor (including wages, salaries, bonuses, social payments) 2008 (LCUs) 442 66 75000 14832277000 48026603.038 705717596.861 -8 REF Total annual cost of labor (including wages, salaries, bonuses, social payments) 2007 (LCUs) Total annual cost of labor (including wages, salaries, bonuses, social payments) 2007 (LCUs) Total annual cost of labor (including wages, salaries, bonuses, social payments) 2007 (LCUs) Total annual cost of labor (including wages, salaries, bonuses, social payments) 2007 (LCUs) Total annual cost of labor (including wages, salaries, bonuses, social payments) 2007 (LCUs) 426 82 75000 1296957000 16159108.883 70273556.385 -9 Don't know -8 Refusal to answer -7 Does not apply Total Sales 2008 (LCUs) Total Sales 2008 (LCUs) Total Sales 2008 (LCUs) Total Sales 2008 (LCUs) Total Sales 2008 (LCUs) 412 96 11000000000 223344404.211 844422898.969 -9 Don't know -7 Does not apply -8 Refusal to answer Total Sales 2007 (LCUs) Total Sales 2007 (LCUs) Total Sales 2007 (LCUs) Total Sales 2007 (LCUs) Total Sales 2007 (LCUs) 397 111 11000000000 246701936.511 920377347.99 -9 Don't know -8 Refusal to answer -7 Does not apply Total annual cost of raw materials 2008 (LCUs) Total annual cost of raw materials 2008 (LCUs) Total annual cost of raw materials 2008 (LCUs) Total annual cost of raw materials 2008 (LCUs) Total annual cost of raw materials 2008 (LCUs) 404 104 10000000000 125527528.896 581286579.537 -9 Don't know -7 Does not apply -8 Refusal to answer Total annual cost of raw materials 2007 (LCUs) Total annual cost of raw materials 2007 (LCUs) Total annual cost of raw materials 2007 (LCUs) Total annual cost of raw materials 2007 (LCUs) Total annual cost of raw materials 2007 (LCUs) 393 115 10000000000 128748109.873 631607504.857 -9 Don't know -8 Refusal to answer -7 Does not apply Total annual costs of electricity 2008 (LCUs) Total annual costs of electricity 2008 (LCUs) Total annual costs of electricity 2008 (LCUs) Total annual costs of electricity 2008 (LCUs) Total annual costs of electricity 2008 (LCUs) 444 64 128420661 3630856.286 10865285.585 -9 Don't know -7 Does not apply -8 Refusal to answer Total annual costs of electricity 2007 (LCUs) Total annual costs of electricity 2007 (LCUs) Total annual costs of electricity 2007 (LCUs) Total annual costs of electricity 2007 (LCUs) Total annual costs of electricity 2007 (LCUs) 433 75 94548951 3001639.323 8392289.835 -9 Don't know -8 Refusal to answer -7 Does not apply Total annual costs of communications services 2008 (LCUs) Total annual costs of communications services 2008 (LCUs) Total annual costs of communications services 2008 (LCUs) Total annual costs of communications services 2008 (LCUs) Total annual costs of communications services 2008 (LCUs) 444 64 35000000 604924.18 1868644.592 -9 Don't know -7 Does not apply -8 Refusal to answer Total annual costs of communications services 2007 (LCUs) Total annual costs of communications services 2007 (LCUs) Total annual costs of communications services 2007 (LCUs) Total annual costs of communications services 2007 (LCUs) Total annual costs of communications services 2007 (LCUs) 432 76 35000000 569631.866 1879477.282 -9 Don't know -8 Refusal to answer -7 Does not apply Total annual costs of fuel 2008 (LCUs) Total annual costs of fuel 2008 (LCUs) Total annual costs of fuel 2008 (LCUs) Total annual costs of fuel 2008 (LCUs) Total annual costs of fuel 2008 (LCUs) 441 67 239122146 4086941.878 16277014.148 -9 Don't know -7 Does not apply -8 Refusal to answer Total annual costs of fuel 2007 (LCUs) Total annual costs of fuel 2007 (LCUs) Total annual costs of fuel 2007 (LCUs) Total annual costs of fuel 2007 (LCUs) Total annual costs of fuel 2007 (LCUs) 429 79 171904597 3438011.65 14327707.081 -9 Don't know -8 Refusal to answer -7 Does not apply Total annual costs of transport for goods 2008 (LCUs) Total annual costs of transport for goods 2008 (LCUs) Total annual costs of transport for goods 2008 (LCUs) Total annual costs of transport for goods 2008 (LCUs) Total annual costs of transport for goods 2008 (LCUs) 440 68 70000000 2283060.632 7192429.995 -9 Don't know -7 Does not apply -8 Refusal to answer Total annual costs of transport for goods 2007 (LCUs) Total annual costs of transport for goods 2007 (LCUs) Total annual costs of transport for goods 2007 (LCUs) Total annual costs of transport for goods 2007 (LCUs) Total annual costs of transport for goods 2007 (LCUs) 430 78 90000000 2448123.033 9072045.869 -9 Don't know -8 Refusal to answer -7 Does not apply Total annual costs of water 2008 (LCUs) Total annual costs of water 2008 (LCUs) Total annual costs of water 2008 (LCUs) Total annual costs of water 2008 (LCUs) Total annual costs of water 2008 (LCUs) 441 67 12000000 210213.333 878373.812 -7 Does not apply -9 Don't know -8 Refusal to answer Total annual costs of water 2007 (LCUs) Total annual costs of water 2007 (LCUs) Total annual costs of water 2007 (LCUs) Total annual costs of water 2007 (LCUs) Total annual costs of water 2007 (LCUs) 431 77 10000000 183695.858 793912.772 -9 Don't know -8 Refusal to answer -7 Does not apply Total annual cost of rental of land/buildings, equipment, furniture 2008 (LCUs) Total annual cost of rental of land/buildings, equipment, furniture 2008 (LCUs) Total annual cost of rental of land/buildings, equipment, furniture 2008 (LCUs) Total annual cost of rental of land/buildings, equipment, furniture 2008 (LCUs) Total annual cost of rental of land/buildings, equipment, furniture 2008 (LCUs) 441 67 282930569 1508981.771 13855020.352 -9 Don't know -7 Does not apply -8 Refusal to answer Total annual cost of rental of land/buildings, equipment, furniture 2007 (LCUs) Total annual cost of rental of land/buildings, equipment, furniture 2007 (LCUs) Total annual cost of rental of land/buildings, equipment, furniture 2007 (LCUs) Total annual cost of rental of land/buildings, equipment, furniture 2007 (LCUs) Total annual cost of rental of land/buildings, equipment, furniture 2007 (LCUs) 430 78 30000000 796137.772 3052724.324 -9 Don't know -8 Refusal to answer -7 Does not apply Machinery vehicles, and equipment net book value in 2008 (LCUs) Machinery vehicles, and equipment net book value in 2008 (LCUs) Machinery vehicles, and equipment net book value in 2008 (LCUs) Machinery vehicles, and equipment net book value in 2008 (LCUs) Machinery vehicles, and equipment net book value in 2008 (LCUs) 407 101 2000000000 61829462.627 181326599.707 -9 Don't know -8 Refusal to answer -7 Does not apply Land and buildings net book value in 2008 (LCUs) Land and buildings net book value in 2008 (LCUs) Land and buildings net book value in 2008 (LCUs) Land and buildings net book value in 2008 (LCUs) Land and buildings net book value in 2008 (LCUs) 402 106 1500000000 58212436.876 147224731.525 -9 Don't know -8 Refusal to answer -7 Does not apply how much would it cost to purchase Machinery vehicles, and equipment (LCUs) how much would it cost to purchase Machinery vehicles, and equipment (LCUs) how much would it cost to purchase Machinery vehicles, and equipment (LCUs) how much would it cost to purchase Machinery vehicles, and equipment (LCUs) how much would it cost to purchase Machinery vehicles, and equipment (LCUs) If this establishment had to hypothetically purchase the land and buildings, and machinery and equipment in use now, as they are in their current condition, how much would it cost to purchase each of the following? ( This is equivalent to the market value) 409 99 1250000000 52879740.482 152174165.327 -9 Don't know -8 Refusal to answer -7 Does not apply how much would it cost to purchase Land and buildings (LCUs) how much would it cost to purchase Land and buildings (LCUs) how much would it cost to purchase Land and buildings (LCUs) how much would it cost to purchase Land and buildings (LCUs) how much would it cost to purchase Land and buildings (LCUs) If this establishment had to hypothetically purchase the land and buildings, and machinery and equipment in use now, as they are in their current condition, how much would it cost to purchase each of the following? ( This is equivalent to the market value) 404 104 8000000008 110788507.426 440577103.704 -9 Don't know -8 Refusal to answer -7 Does not apply Date (mm/dd) Date (mm/dd) Date (mm/dd) Date (mm/dd) Date (mm/dd) Time face-to-face interview ends: 503 06-01 06-02 06-03 06-04 06-06 06-07 06-08 06-10 06-11 06-27 07-01 07-02 07-05 07-06 07-07 07-08 07-11 07-12 08-01 08-02 08-03 08-04 08-05 08-06 08-07 08-08 08-10 08-11 08-12 09-01 09-06 09-07 09-08 Hour Hour Hour Hour Hour Time face-to-face interview ends: 471 37 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 10 11 12 Sysmiss Minutes Minutes Minutes Minutes Minutes Time face-to-face interview ends: 471 37 AM/PM AM/PM AM/PM AM/PM AM/PM Time face-to-face interview ends 471 AM PM interviewer's comments 1 interviewer's comments 1 interviewer's comments 1 interviewer's comments 1 interviewer's comments 1 277 (-8) for any financial info 40% of the company employees are illiterate 9% of the company's employees are handicapped A crucial need for market access information Accentuated bureaucracy in the judicial system Access to EU market is difficult (inadequate product standard) Access to internet connection lines is difficult Administration corruption, ignorance of gov. employees and Airport Customs are more efficient than port customs All Taxes must be unified (in one single tax) All numbers were giving in $ & transferred to Syrian pond American economic sanction on Syria were a major obstacle Anti Monopoly & competition laws must be enforced by Tax admin Application of the law derails from its original intention Availability of land & water in Syria Avoids judicial system services to settle disputes & Bad infrastructure & high level of corruption Bad internet connection Bad tax system Banking requirements are a burden Banking services should tailor-made to some needs Between cancellation of an old license and in the process of getting Big considerations must be taken to move to the industrial city Biggest problem is corruption Billing foreign companies is difficult Business License is difficult to obtain, Laws must be clear Business is very very bad, the more we work Chamber of industry is active for personal interests Chinese competition based on low cost affected his performance Chinese imports needs regulation Close family members are not included in social security Collaborative interviewee with exact answers Communications are bad, internet is slow and expensive Company affected by the opening of the market& the free Company suffers from import legislations Competition with public sector is important Conservative attitude & provision of estimate figures Constraints from public sector mainly Construction permits are delayed by engineers syndicate & high Contracting system of employees is not efficient Cooperative interviewee Cooperative interviewee however provided Copyrights are hard to get Corrupted judicial system Corruption & Inflation are constraints for investments Corruption & judicial system& sector regulations are the Corruption &lack of trust between gov. & private sector Corruption in the judicial system is an obstacle Corruption is a big obstacle Corruption is high at customs clearance Corruption is part of everyday's life Customs Fees guidelines are applied Customs are corrupt Customs system is not suitable for local industry development Delay in adsl line services Difference between the compensation in q84 and q76b Different monitoring of goods from different origins Difficult access to electricity and land Difficult access to finance Difficult obtainment of construction permit in non-industrial zones Dishonest interviewee Economic obstacles are mainly the sanctions on Syria Electricity & administrative corruption are major obstacles Electricity & diesel prices are high Electricity corruption & abuse exists Electricity in Syria is very cheap Electricity in an obstacle Electricity is a major constraint on doing business Electricity is a major obstacle (catastrophic) Electricity services & power supply are major obstacles Employees' productivity is affected by the general Exchange rate between SYP & USD Expensive access to land in non-industrial areas Export limitation by gov. is a major constraint Export promotion of the Syrian product in regional Exports need support Facing big problems because of custom laws changes Fierce competition from Chinese products Figures provided by interviewee were illogical: q84 Fluctuating electricity voltage incur losses Frequent power outages & slow internet affect daily operations Good emerging of Islamic banking Good overall investment climate compared to EU Good tax administration within 2 last years Goods are released upon informal payments Gov staff must be more informed and more efficient HR training is needed to prepare students for labor market Hard to export with Chinese competition He claims that he must pay tax even if he doesn't have profit He refused to answer Q84 --> Q86 Helpful & cooperative interviewee Helpful interviewee however inaccurate data High Telecommunication costs High constraints on exports High electricity overheads High import fees are an obstacle High overheads affected our export performance High rate of job rotation and corruption are major obstacles High taxes Highly cooperative interviewee His allocation of qualified human resources is a major Illegal competition is a big obstacle Imitation & monopoly are major obstacles Import of raw material is troublesome Import on ready made garments must be regulated Import/export regulations & US sanctions on Syria Importers manipulate quality & prices Improve the financial transactions & custom clearance Improving labor law and revising social security law Inaccurate figures Inaccurate figures in section M. Inaccurate productivity figures Inaccurate sales number and productivity in general Indirect imports of raw materials are cheaper than direct imports Inefficient custom clearance services Informal payments facilitate doing legal business Instability of sector regulation Interest free financing is crucial for industrialists Internet access is a major obstacle Internet connection is very slow Interviewee doesn’t have information about productivity and Interviewee emphasized that Syria is a rich investment area Interviewee focused on the access to finance problem Interviewee found some questions to be hard Interviewee gave answers that are 60% accurate Interviewee got bored and wasn't collaborative Interviewee is thinking of quitting production in Syria because of Interviewee praised investment environment: Interviewee wants a copy of the survey findings & results Interviewee was cooperative Interviewee was impressed by interviewers Interviewee was not cooperative Interviewee was very cooperative Interviewers met two different senior managers Investment constraints: corruption, informal payments, general Investment is neither encouraged nor supported in Syria It's impossible to have a license in agricultural areas Job rotation rate is a high 100% because the firm is new Judicial System needs improvements Judicial system needs reform Labor decrease because of foreign imports competition, Textile Labor law protect the worker & does not protect the boss Labor laws should be changed Lack of gov. bids regarding consultancy training Lack of labor dedication encourages employer to skip social Lack of monitoring & quality control on dairy products Lack of vocational training centres Large industrial organizations require a special consideration Lattakia doesn't have a skilled working force Laws & legislations should be more adequate Laws are not properly applied Legislations regulating my sector needs reviewing Loan facility obstructed because of high interest rates Local competition and high control on exports are decreasing sales Long questionnaire Looking fwd to the ICA study results Losses due to breakage & stealing are colossal Low internet connection and bad services and it's also Low internet debit Low internet debit is a major obstacle Main problems: Bureaucracy and corruption Maintenance costs are very high: 8% of revenue Major obstacles include tax administration & electricity system Manufacturing is affected by high overheads, poor infrastructure Most severe problems occur when dealing with public sectors National security office is a big obstacle in customs New Labor law must be revised No access to water & telecommunications services No concrete tax rewards perceived by the business community No financial figures were provided No industrial support No internet service at the industrial zone (Seikh Najjar) No productivity figures were provided No proper law documentation in Syria (personal opinion) No public water supply and slow internet connection No such problems as theft in Syria No transparency in financial information No water supplies or internet connection at location Non cooperative interviewee Obstacles in Syria now exceed incentives Obstacles investment law#10 requirement to exchange & sell Obstacles on media & TV production are high Obstacles: Uncultured & unqualified labor (tax) Old judicial system & outdated methods Outdated transport laws cause problems with cargo offices Political and economic stability is crucial for investments Poor electricity infrastructure Poor internet related services Poor investment incentives in Syria Poor law enforcement is major constraint Poor purchasing power Poor resolution of trade disputes. Electricity outage & dephasage Positive contribution Power abuse of tax supervisor Power outage &fluctuating voltage inccur an Power outage cause a big problem Power outages incur losses Preferred fixed tax rate rather than the current rate Price fluctuation, economic stagnation & foreign competition Problem solving is problematic in Syria Problems are in communication, sewage system, and custom clearance Property acquisition laws for Arab nationals are Q33: copper prices fluctuate according to the stock Q76a the employee number 12 is the owner Q84 figure wasn't realistic and show loss of about Reduce customs fees on raw materials imports Reduction in custom fees, electricity & income tax Ref to q70a: 9: Because he has a personal loan Regulations complicate instead of facilitating the development Renovating a product line is costly Renting land in the Fairground is very expensive Rounding up in tax rates is an obstacle Severe difficulty in access to finance Slow internet & illegal competition Slow internet is a big obstacle Social security is a burden on the employee as it is deducted Social security is good & well studied Some workers don't get fixed pays so 76a is very accurate Strong will to jointly formulate laws & regulations Successful interview Support the infrastructure of the tourism sector Syria doesn’t have e-commerce. Companies online are fictitious Syria isn't a very good climate for investments because of Syria lacks a vigorous & dynamic service sector Syrian coasts are touristic areas, so Syrian market is not competitive internationally Tax admin, judical system, customs, services and labours law Tax administered on revenue for the T&T sector is an Taxes are high and useless Technology banning is a major obstacle and removing it will Telecommunication & Electricity are major obstacles. Telecommunication services, access to qualified labor Temporary access to land is a constraint The advertising industry in Lattakia is in a bad state & if it The company is an informal sector case The contracted custom clearance office pays The customs clearance process incurs heavy losses The export system must be controlled by strict laws The high RER is hindering Syrian exports The instability of electricity is causing problems for after The main problem with the tourism sector is The overwhelming change in custom regulation The regulations have to protect the private company from The spreading of the corruption is overwhelming. The variety of tax types is an obstacle Theft occurs in customs There are no vocational training centres There is a desire to reform but actual implementation There is no monitoring on exports There should be a production zone in Syria Transportation between Homs city & Hassia industrial area Transportation costs to the industrial city are high Unfair & illegal competition is a major obstacle Unfair Chinese competition with low price & low quality Unfair competition in raw materials import Unfair competition is a major obstacle affecting industry Unfair tax rates for transportation projects Unpredictability of laws & regulation is a major constraint Unqualified HR Unskilled committee for price fixing Unskilled gov. staff Unstable regulations & inexperienced labor Very high interest rate impossible achievable profit Very negative interviewee Vocational training centres need rehabilitation Waste management is an obstacle We are used to corruption Weak internet debit Women are more reliable as they are loyal & meticulous interviewer's comments 2 interviewer's comments 2 interviewer's comments 2 interviewer's comments 2 interviewer's comments 2 193 & accurate data provided (import&export in the ready-made garments sector. 1$=50 syp 1- the lack of trust between the goverment and the companies 10000000syp.furniture market is not competitive yet 8%loss on average.labor law is very bad A disincentive to investment in syria A new one - he couldnt report his workforce Absence of regulation on foreign competition Access to imported produts, and they are really affected Administrative complications in visa obtention Agricutlture needs a lot of promotion&care Always facing problems with tax officals An inaccurate sales figures An industrial area is needed in every governorate And a big part is not suitable for syria! And international market is needed. And services Are big obstacles Are costly Are major constraints Are major obstacles Are major obstacles, chamber of industry role is minor &exports Bad implementation of regulations Banks have high rates of interest Because he doesn't declare all the employees and in q76 it's Believes the ica study is of no true value Biggest obstcales . Brain drain is a major problem for syria Building licenses near them is forbidden But laws and legistlations are the problem By interviewee Cancel income tax first 2 years of operations Cancel industrial taxes Chamber of commerce subscribtion is obligatory but useless Chaotic regs Cheap lands&building, cheap labor Company needs a whole new marketing strategy Comparing cost of toursim service to regional countries is crucial Complicated papers to import from china Continues this way the company will exit at the end Corruption is a big obstacle Costum clearance in 2009 is taking a long time Country of origin + social security law needs revision Custom fees on imports of raw materials must be abolished Custom laws are very unstable Custom, import/export laws must be reviewed Customes are an issue to follow up closely Debt in public secor became long term loans Depressed & corrupt politico-economic situation Difficult access to finance Difficult access to land in non-industrial areas Difficult access to water Disincentives exceed incentives for investments Doens't keep records! Dollar exchange rates should be more stable E sector the work of our ancestors need support & protective Electricity Electricity fishing is damaging for species in syria Electricity is an obstacle for industrialists Electricity outage Employees safety at stake Employment tax rates are very high Exchange prices Export promotion is needed Export requirements to egypt are tougher than the ones to Fees are paid for the paper work For the sake of the local product Frequent theft at ports Frequently down From his or her salary and finally gets half of it because of tax Good travel & tourism new regulations Gov in other arab countries support exports by promoting 0% ir Government doesn't encourage new investments, on the contrar Government slove its problems by pushing the civilians Hard to answer section m as the company makes profit Have a positive impact on the syrian it sector He recommends to support the professional organizations He was interested in the survey and looing forward High degree of theft in shipping High transportation costs & lack of water supply in hassia His buisness is heavily reliant on the internet His e-mail: ahabbal@scs-net.org Hr very low Huge pressure on industrial firms from the old laws on Ignorance from customs employees in the airport is an obstacle Illegal competition in government contracts Illegal competitors are very dangerous Illogical answers Importing&exporting constraints In case of informal payments In input of raw material Inaccurate interviewee answers & figures provided Inaccurate sales & number of employees figures Industrial zone (hasiaa) should be automated Industries are not supported by government Inefficient ip rights&poor applicability of ip rights Instability of laws & regulations is a major obstacle Internet constraints incur big losses for the company Interviewee claimed absence of annual reports for 2007/08 Interviewee is thankful for the world bank efforts Investing in the human capital is crucial Irregularity of electricity outages Is hindered by unqualified staff Is needed to encourage investments Judicial system's corruption are all major obstalces Lack of awareness,poor following of technological & scientific Lack of finance&banking service in aljdaidah touristic area Lack of ip & industrial rights protection is a major obstacle Lack of qualified hr Lack of training and development courses Lack of venture lending to service firms because of poor Laws concerning prohibition of used motors import are a License of buildings&lands. Low paid workers&expert Low awareness on banking services and limited loan facility Low internet connection Machinary in the local market are very complicated.east Made him bankrupt Major problem is in finding natural gas for production Management has allocated a special person to deal with Market shares should be transparent (?) Monitoring of exports from developing countries is needed More control is needed on the industrial sector More taxes shouled be applied on clothes so that sellers won't Most of the answers were illogical Must be monitored Must be reviewed & thoroughly discussed Need serious reform, electricity cuts are a major obstacle No taxes should apply to producers No water supply & over reliance on purchased mineral water Non transparent & unclear regulations Obsacle. Obstacle Of smes Poor electricity infrastructure Poor exporting of tomatoes as finished syrian branded goods Poor opportunities in the arab world & international for syr Poor physical infrastructure: no water supply & Poor quality& services of judicial system: trials take forever Poor services in general Poor telecommunication services at the industrial zone aleppo Poor water & waste management or services Poorly copied laws&regulations Private well was damaged Q64a ongoing trial Refers to negotiations Registration fees in chambers are very high Relationship between gov & banks must be healthier Rer hinders syrian exports to some destinations Ructure & performance Sales service. Scamming Security registration. Seriously thinking of exiting because Slow internet State organizations must coordinate efforts&performance Syrian industry is beginning to set Syrian investments climate is not safe System needs reform, chambers role must be enhanced especial Tax rates are set regardless of the firm's size&financial status Telecommunication interruptions slow the work Telecommunication problems incur huge losses The absence of a hault period after law issuance The company enjoys gov. Sponsored telecom,electricity & The gm believes the world bank will use this information The information filled in q76 and q84 were not accurate The lack of mutual trust between gov officials&private sector The laws and regulations .in addition the unused lands need The main reason for not dealing with banks is (riba) The tourism infrastructure is bad There are various taxes over one product, and all for nothing To manufacturers needs Unclear laws , unskilled workforce & corruption Unclear&non-transparent gov paper work (customs) Under these conditions the more ignorant we are Unmotivated&uncommitted workforce Unqualified & incompetent staff of the monitoring comission Unskilled & uneducated labor in general Unskilled labor is a major obstacle to doing business Useless taxes must be abolished When it comes to reporting the total workforce % for Which prevents them from enjoying e-banking services Will improve dealings with the government With contradictory answers With government With implementation guidlines/instructions to avoid blackmai With new business environment Without being officially publicized Workers suffer from psychological boundaries Wrong labor system interviewer's comments 3 interviewer's comments 3 interviewer's comments 3 interviewer's comments 3 interviewer's comments 3 121 (TIGGER economies)competition.informal payment are burden (export limitation) -8 for the sales & inputs figures inaccurate figures 2- no real support is beeing held by the goverment A transparent judicial system is an incentive for new investments Againest syria. Agricultural infrastructure needs more investment Arbitrage is needed. Are main constraints to development as well as investment Based on commission Big obstacle Bio-fuel is an alternative to the scarce & expensive resourc Car rental laws are unfair Collateral. Company activities stopped in2008 (Q38) Company's revenue rely on exports to EU markets not local Cooperative interviewee Customs clearance needs crucial adjustment Dealing with violations in military courts is bad, there sho Deceased employees were not covered by social security Develop the labor law to protect the employer's rights Difficult access to finance Difficult access to land Difficulty in finding skilled & educated labor Discourages enterprises to move there Employees drop from social security by will Expecting sales drop down because of the financial crisis Expensive lands & unstable regulations Exports Flexibilty to hire foreign labor is needed For businesses to adjust and act accordingly For imports (lack of knowledge at tax administration level) Frequent electricity outages Good labor law in the Travel & tourism sector Gov paper work Governmental services should be automated Gulf countries Hardly by the illegal competition Hassia lacks road maintenance He was not cooperative High delays in gov. Services (bids evaluation,payments) High electricity overheads High informal payments for municipality&taxes in some cases High interest on loans .inaccurate figure in producitvity His expansion is hindered by a lack of funds IR must be reduced to facilitate access to finance Ian products Illegal competition is very strong because Illegal gifts and payments are normal because of the Import&custom clearance are major obstacles Imports of Chinese products must be highly examined Improve the internet Increase in oil prices had - impact on business Increasing overheads are a major obstacle to industrial Informal payment are strictly forbidden according to Informal payments for public establishments Internet debit is weak and it's a burden rather than a Internet debit&high overheads are main constraints Iqama laws are another obstacle Judicial system must protect the seller from the Labor law is a disincentive to employers Lack of medical insurance Late payments in Aleppo market happen frequently Laws, we industrialists are trying hard to develop & Ling, skilled labor is difficult to train & habilitate Low internet debit Low quality of Educational system&Tax administration Low quality of input from eygpt&china.tax admin system is Ly in lobbying, electricity outage is a major obstacle & Making people more aware of their business environment Manufacturing firms should benefit from 24/7 electricity Members of chamber of commerce use their position for their Monopoly for some projects still exists More monitoring is required on gov staff Must be supported by a market study &export promotion agency No accuracy in figures provided by interviewee No linking between academia & work No quality control for exported products No respect for the importance of the national product No water supply services from the goverment Of 2009 Of high overheads Opertaing/building licenses for manufacturing firms take forever Payroll purpose- given their turnover & high employment Poor financial &human resources at the chamber of industry Poor judicial system Poor quality of Judicial system & infrastructure (elec) Problems with customs when exporting Progress world wide,inadequate copying of western Provision of estimate figures Public private Investments are needed in the field of electricity Q59e,q85,q86 interviewee doesn't know the answer Raising wages will improve the economic situation Security pressures should be reduced along with the routines Set prices so high Sheikh Najar area in Aleppo is suitable for new investments Social Security law does not conform with ILO standards Social security&labor law must be revised Tax Collection transparency is highly doubted Telecommunication is very costy That are supporting industrial establishments The banking method of dealing with the companies The compensation for the employees he declares only The previous investment law is better than the new one. There are no laws for late payments There are no training centers for tourism in Syria There is a lack of awareness between obligations & rights There should be tax-free vans and transportation To be prepared for investing .or sometimes there's no To the study findings Transportation costs to Hassia are very high Turkish poducts will take a share of the local market Unskilled employees in government for the transactions Unstability of import customs and laws Unstable laws Unstable&unmotivated workforce Unsuitable laws&regulations for the majority Water services We need to renew some laws&regulations.Limited banking services We need to renew some laws, develop employees' mindset Y they hinder expanding and exporting interviewer's comments 4 interviewer's comments 4 interviewer's comments 4 interviewer's comments 4 interviewer's comments 4 57 A poor service sector in general An obstacle.lack of qualified HR. Eco.admim is corrupted Are major obstacles Buyer via clear rules of condcut. Company policy Corruption is at gov level and private sector level Corruption is major obstacle Custom regulation must be applied properly Decrees poorly implemented Difficult access to business licenses Difficult access to finance because of high collateral Doesnt believe in the riba banking system in Syria E of fuel Electricity is a major obstacle to tourism & investment Electricity is too expensive in industrial zone Especially section M Exempted from tax Figures in section M are inaccurate For production companies Good overall responses from interviewee Growth He refused to give the numbers of produdctivity High demand for insurance from banks Illegal competition Inability to prepare financial statments/ sectin M is missing Industries, int. Financial crisis will affect this study Ineffective Labor law Labor law must be revised.high electicity&feul overheads Labor market study is needed for restructuring reasons Lack of quality finance options by banks Lands are overpriced in industrial zones Low salaries of public employees Modernise our activities Of the free trading arab agreement PS: figures are not accurate Personal benefits Poisoned pesticides incur a lot of losses Poor judicial system Prohibition of money transfer is a big obstacle Proper administration for the invested lands . Q12 no customs because good are sent by DHL Reduce administrative requirement imposed by the government' Refused to give sepcific & accurate figures Section Stated that some public firms don't accept bribes Syria is the worst place for transportation projects Tax administration workers won't be fair unless bribed The internet connection is very slow The way to Adra area is too bad Trading regulations are inadequate to the syrian business enviro Uld be special courts for traders Unfair foreign competition + lack of recruitment agencies Unfair underbiddings Unfixed taxes Unskilled workforce is another major obstacle Useful service . VAT must be applied ASAP,Real estate prices must be revised Number of visits to complete this questionnaire Number of visits to complete this questionnaire Number of visits to complete this questionnaire Number of visits to complete this questionnaire Number of visits to complete this questionnaire 451 57 1 One visit in face-to-face interview with one person 2 One visit in face-to-face interview with different managers/staff 3 Several visits Sysmiss estimated duration of the whole interview - Hours estimated duration of the whole interview - Hours estimated duration of the whole interview - Hours estimated duration of the whole interview - Hours estimated duration of the whole interview - Hours If option 2 or 3 in A.18, estimate duration of the whole interview 22 486 6 1.818 1.368 1 2 3 4 6 Sysmiss estimated duration of the whole interview - Minutes estimated duration of the whole interview - Minutes estimated duration of the whole interview - Minutes estimated duration of the whole interview - Minutes estimated duration of the whole interview - Minutes If option 2 or 3 in A.18, estimate duration of the whole interview 22 486 55 15.909 19.086 10 12 15 30 35 43 45 50 55 Sysmiss