DDI_USA_1880_PHC_v01_M_v7.5_A_IPUMS United States Census of 1880 IPUMS May 21, 2024 MetadataEditor Version 7.5 October 2024. NEW FEATURES. --Historical data from NAPP project now available from IPUMS-International. --Historical census data from Canada, Denmark, the United Kingdom, Germany, Iceland, Norway, Sweden, and the United States for the period 1703 to 1911 are now available from IPUMS-International. The complete count and sample datasets were previously disseminated by the North Atlantic Population Project (NAPP). Where possible, the data have been integrated into existing IPUMS-International variable coding schema. Some new variables have been created that are available only for these pre-1960 datasets. NAPP data users should note that many NAPP variables are available from IPUMS-International by different names. For a complete list of NAPP variables that have been renamed in IPUMS-Interational, refer to the crosswalk. --Individual country shapefiles for the third-level administrative level of geography are now available for a few IPUMS samples. --New spatially harmonized previous-residence variables at the second administrative level of geography are available for several samples in this data release. More information is available here. Users should note that many older migration variables are available by different names. Refer to this table for a crosswalk of old and corresponding new migration variables. --IPUMS now hosts the Census Mosaic data collection. Census Mosaic identifies, gathers, harmonizes, and distributes surviving historical census microdata from regions of Continental Europe where complete centralized records are not available. The Mosaic project was founded by a consortium of historical social scientists in Europe. Data can be downloaded as static files from the Census Mosaic website. Although the data are not yet integrated fully into IPUMS International, variables have been standardized and harmonized to be roughly compatible with IPUMS coding structures. NEW SAMPLES. --Full-count datasets for Great Britain 1851, 1861, 1871 (Scotland only), 1891, and 1901. --Full-count dataset for Sweden 1910. Denmark (1845, 1880, and 1885) --Labor force surveys from Spain and eight new labor force surveys from Italy added to the series. Newly added countries: Benin, Cote d'Ivoire, Finland, Guatemala, Honduras, Laos, Lesotho, Mauritius, Myanmar, Papua New Guinea, Russia, Slovak Republic, Suriname, Togo, and Zimbabwe New samples for: Bolivia, Cambodia, Cambodia, Chile, Cuba, Cote d'Ivoire, Egypt (1848 and 1868, historical samples), Fiji, Guinea, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Lao PDR, Mexico, Morocco, Nepal, Netherlands, Palestine, Peru, Philippines, Puerto Rico, Rwanda, Senegal, Sierra Leone, South Africa, Switzerland, Uganda, United States, United Kingdom, United States, Vietnam, and Zimbabwe SUPPLEMENTAL DATA. Data from censuses from Benin and Lesotho that record individual fertility and/or mortality events were made available in IPUMS-International. These files can be downloaded and linked to data produced by the extract system. NEW VARIABLES. --IPUMS-International now provides harmonized and year-specific geography variables for all countries including 13 new samples from Dominican Republic, Germany, Indonesia, Israel, Malaysia, Mongolia, Nicaragua, Nigeria, Palestine, Paraguay, Thailand, United Kingdom, and Uruguay. First-level and second-level year specific geography variables are also available for all countries. IPUMS provides corresponding, downloadable GIS boundary files for all harmonized and year specific geography variables. More information about IPUMS geography variables is available here. --IPUMS International now provides spatially harmonized previous-residence variables at the first administrative level of geography. The codes for the spatially harmonized previous-residence variables match the spatially harmonized place of current residence. More information is available here. --IPUMS International provides spatially harmonized previous-residence variables at the first administrative level of geography for all samples; previously available country-specific migration variables at the first administrative level that were not fully harmonized spatially have been phased out. Spatially harmonized previous-residence variables at the second administrative level of geography are available for selected samples. More information is available here. Users should note that many older migration variables are available by different names. Refer to this table for a crosswalk of old and corresponding new migration variables. --IPUMS International now provides spatially harmonized previous-residence variables at the first administrative level of geography for all samples. Spatially harmonized previous-residence variables at the second administrative level of geography are available for several samples in this data release. More information is available here. Users should note that many older migration variables are available by different names. Refer to this table for a crosswalk of old and corresponding new migration variables. --Lower (third) level geography codes and GIS files have been added for Bangladesh, China, Ethiopia, Mali, Rwanda, and Zimbabwe. Some geography codes and labels might have changed for these countries to accommodate the newer lower level geography. --Added more detailed 3-digit industry and occupation variables for China 2000. EDITED SAMPLES. --Revised full-count data for Great Britain 1881 --Revised full-count datasets for Sweden 1890 and 1900. The revision includes the following changes that improve comparability across Sweden datasets: --Revisions to certain ethnicity and work variables (and the underlying source data): ORIGIN, LABFORCE, OCCHISCO, OCRELATE, OCSTATUS. --Revisions to unharmonized source variables: SE1890A_HISCOSE, SE1890A_HISCRELSE, SE1890A_HISCSTATSE, SE1890A_OCCMULTISE, SE1900A_HISCOSE, SE1900A_HISCRELSE, SE1900A_HISCSTATSE, SE1900A_OCCMULTISE. --A new United States 1850 full-count dataset now matches the corresponding dataset distributed by the USA IPUMS data project. The source variable US1850A_0502 (HISTID) provides a linking key to match person records to the USA version of the data. The IPUMS International version of the data contains names, which the USA version cannot distribute. EDITED VARIABLES. An error affecting HHWT for South Africa 2007 was corrected. The existing values were adjusted by a factor of 0.01. AGEMARR was edited to add data for Hungary 1980 and 1990. Harmonized and year-specific geography variables for Brazil and Colombia have been edited to accommodate for the availability of refined municipal boundaries. Users should be aware that codes and labels have changed in all harmonized and year specific geography varaibles for these two countries. Errors affecting BPLSE2 (formerly BPLPARSE) for Sweden 1890 and the underlying source variable were corrected. Several thousand cases were incorrectly coded as 258101000. These cases have been updated with the correct code: 258171000. Harmonized geography variables for Italy, Philippines, Rwanda, and United States have been edited to accommodate new samples. Users should be aware that codes and labels have changed in all harmonized and year specific geography varaibles for these countries. More information about IPUMS geography variables is available here. The codes for the source variable RW2002A_0419 were corrected to include 0 and 8 as possible responses, which were previously identified as 'unknown years' within primary education. Errors affecting EDUCFJ for Fiji 2006 were corrected. A problem with PERWT for Tanzania 2012 was corrected. The previous weights were adjusted to properly reflect population totals. MOMLOC, POPLOC, and PARRULE were updated for the United States 2010 and 2015 samples to include additional information on subfamilies. Prior to this correction, persons above age 17 were not receiving links to their co-resident mothers and fathers. An error affecting codes for the URBAN variable in Egypt 1986 for Cairo, Alexandria, Port-Said, and Suez was corrected. An error in INCEARN affecting Venezuela 2001 was corrected. Earned income in the source variable VE2001A_0440 is interpreted as a monthly amount, thus adjustments previously applied to convert data from daily or weekly income were supressed. All the six Brazil samples in IPUMS International were replaced with higher density samples. An edited version of the Chile 2017 sample was introduced to correct an error in household breaks. Errors affecting codes for GEO1_ZA in South Africa 2011 and ENUTS1 in United Kingdom 1991 were corrected. Harmonized geography variables for Cambodia, Fiji, and Nepal have been edited to accommodate new samples. Users should be aware that codes and labels have changed in all harmonized and year-specific geography varaibles for these countries. More information about IPUMS geography variables is available here. An error in PERWT affecting Nepal 2001 was corrected. Errors affecting a code in GQ for Brazil 2010 and Indonesia 2010 were corrected. Both census samples now identify 1-person units created by splitting a large household. An error in MARRNUM affecting Indonesia 1976 was corrected. Some codes for GEO1_EG2006 and GEO2_EG2006 were edited. Harmonized geography variables for Bolivia, Cuba, Guinea, Ireland, Morocco, Palestine, Senegal, South Africa, and Uganda have been edited to accommodate new samples. Users should be aware that codes and labels have changed in all harmonized and year-specific geography variables for these countries. More information about IPUMS geography variables is available here. An error in INCEARN affecting Brazil 1980 was corrected. An error in EDATTAIN affecting Ireland 1971 and 1981 was corrected. A small proportion of person records in Mexico 1960 were re-classified in MIGRATEP based on information about their current and previous residence. These were previously coded to 'different major administrative unit', even though their place of residence suggests that their last move was within the same major administrative unit. The second-level technician (higher) degrees for Spain 1991, 2001, and 2011 were re-classified into post-secondary technical education in EDATTAIN. An error affecting codes for SEX for Egypt 1848 and 1868 was corrected. The values for male and female had been reversed. A problem with HHWT and PERWT for Canada 2011 was corrected. The previous weights were adjusted to properly reflect population totals. Harmonized geography variables for Cambodia, Lao PDR, Mexico, Peru, Switzerland, Vietnam, Puerto Rico, United Kingdom, and United States have been edited to accommodate new samples. Users should be aware that codes and labels have changed in all harmonized and year-specific geography variables for these countries. More information about IPUMS geography variables is available here. Harmonized geography variables for Chile and Sierra Leone have been edited to accommodate new samples. Users should be aware that codes and labels have changed in all harmonized and year-specific geography variables for these countries. More information about IPUMS geography variables is available here. An error affecting codes for COMPUTER for Senegal 2013 was corrected. An error affecting labels available in IND for Peru 1993 was corrected. An error affecting codes for persons previously residing abroad for MIG1_5_BO in Bolivia 2001 and 2012 was corrected. EDUCAR, EDATTAIN, and YRSCHOOL were adjusted in the Argentina samples to incorporate information on completion of education levels in the data harmonization. HHWT and PERWT were calibrated in Kenya 1979 to properly reflect the population distribution by province. In GQ (group quarters status), persons residing in hospitals of all types were reclassified to 'institutional group quarters' from 'other group quarters,' making their treatment consistent with GQTYPE. Errors affecting codes for BPLBJ2 in Benin 1979, 1992, and 2002 were corrected. Errors affecting codes for GEO2_BR1970 in Brazil 1970 were corrected. United States Census of 1880 - IPUMS Subset PHC United States 1880 (100%) (IPUMS Harmonized Subset) USA_1880_PHC_v01_M_v7.5_A_IPUMS Department of the Interior IPUMS (c) Copyright 1880, Department of the Interior and Minnesota Population Center MetadataEditor Department of the Interior Population and Housing Census [hh/popcen] IPUMS International DOI:10.18128/D020.V7.5 Version 7.5. The datasets contain selected variables from the original census microdata plus harmonized variables from the IPUMS-International database. Demographic Variables -- PERSON Nativity and Birthplace Variables -- PERSON Geography: Global Variables -- HOUSEHOLD Technical Household Variables -- HOUSEHOLD Geography: O-Z Variables -- HOUSEHOLD Constructed Family Interrelationship Variables -- PERSON Household Economic Variables -- HOUSEHOLD Group Quarters Variables -- HOUSEHOLD Constructed Household Variables -- HOUSEHOLD Ethnicity and Language Variables -- PERSON Work Variables -- PERSON Other Person Variables -- PERSON Technical Person Variables -- PERSON Other Household Variables -- HOUSEHOLD Geography: O-Z Variables -- HOUSEHOLD Group Quarters Variables -- HOUSEHOLD Household Economic Variables -- HOUSEHOLD Technical Household Variables -- HOUSEHOLD Constructed Household Variables -- HOUSEHOLD Technical Person Variables -- PERSON Constructed Family Interrelationship Variables -- PERSON Demographic Variables -- PERSON Ethnicity and Language Variables -- PERSON Nativity and Birthplace Variables -- PERSON Education Variables -- PERSON Work Variables -- PERSON Other Person Variables -- PERSON Ethnicity and Language Variables -- PERSON Work Variables -- PERSON Technical Person Variables -- PERSON Constructed Family Interrelationship Variables -- PERSON Demographic Variables -- PERSON Other Person Variables -- PERSON Nativity and Birthplace Variables -- PERSON United States County Persons, households, and dwellings UNITS IDENTIFIED: - Dwellings: yes - Vacant Units: no - Households: yes - Individuals: yes - Group quarters: yes UNIT DESCRIPTIONS: - Dwellings: Any building or place of abode, of whatever character, material or structure, in which any person is at the time living, whether in a room above a warehouse or factory, a loft above a stable or a wigwam on the outskirts of a settlement, equally with a dwelling house in the usual, ordinary sense of that term.  - Households: Persons living alone, families in the ordinary sense of the term, and also all larger aggregations of people having only the tie of a common roof and table. A hotel, with all its inmates, constitutes but one family. A hospital, a prison, an asylum is equally a family for the purposes of the census. On the other hand, the solitary inmate of a cabin, a loft, or a room finished off above a store constitutes a family. In the case of tenement houses and of the so-called &quot;fiats&quot; of the great cities, as many families are to be recorded as there are separate tables. - Group quarters: Yes All persons living in the United States except for &quot;Indians not taxed&quot;, which refers to Native Americans living on reservations or under tribal rule. Native Americans who had renounced tribal rule and &quot;exercise the rights of citizens&quot; were to be enumerated. Soldiers and civilian employees of the United States Army were included in the enumeration. Population and Housing Census [hh/popcen] Additional notes on a sample that is part of this study: United States 1880 (100%) MICRODATA SOURCE: Department of the Interior SAMPLE SIZE (person records): 50140482. SAMPLE DESIGN: Not applicable Face-to-face [f2f] The census operation involved five schedules. Schedule 1 was used to enumerate the population and collected information on individual characteristics. Other schedules were used to record information about agriculture, manufacturing, and to report social and mortality statistics. de jure, CENSUS DAY: June 1, 1880 Not applicable IPUMS International distributes integrated microdata of individuals and households only by agreement of collaborating national statistical offices and under the strictest of confidence. Before data may be distributed to an individual researcher, an electronic license agreement must be signed and approved. To gain access to the data, a researcher must agree to the following: (1) Implement security measures to prevent unauthorized access to census microdata. Under IPUMS International agreements with collaborating agencies, redistribution of the data to third parties is prohibited. (2) Use the microdata for the exclusive purposes of scholarly research and education. Researchers must explicitly agree to not use microdata acquired for any commercial or income-generating venture. (3) Maintain the confidentiality of persons, households, and other entities. Any attempt to ascertain the identity of persons or households from the microdata is prohibited. Alleging that a person or household has been identified is also prohibited. (4) Report all publications based on these data to IPUMS International, which will in turn pass the information on to the relevant national statistical agencies. Once a project is approved, a password is issued and data may be acquired through the Internet. Penalties for violating the license include: revocation of the license, recall of all microdata acquired, filing of a motion of censure to the appropriate professional organizations, and civil prosecution under the relevant national or international statutes. These safeguards mirror the principles from the Joint ECE/Eurostat Work Session on Statistical Data Confidentiality. Employees of the Minnesota Population Center who work with the census microdata to produce the harmonized database also sign agreements to respect the confidentiality of the data. IPUMS International works with each country's statistical office to minimize the risk of disclosure of respondent information. The details of the confidentiality protections vary across countries, but in all cases, names and detailed geographic information are suppressed and top-codes are imposed on variables such as income that might identify specific persons. In addition, IPUMS International uses a variety of technical procedures to enhance confidentiality protection. These include the following: (1) Swapping an undisclosed fraction of records from one administrative district to another to make positive identification of individuals impossible. (2) Randomizing the placement of households within districts to disguise the order in which individuals were enumerated or the data processed. (3) Aggregating codes of sensitive characteristics (e.g., grouping together very small ethnic categories) (4) Top- and bottom-coding continuous variables to prevent identification of extreme cases. The safety record for public-use census microdata is apparently perfect. In almost four decades of use, there has not been a single verified breach of statistical confidentiality. The measures implemented by the IPUMS International are designed to extend this record. Department of the Interior Steven Ruggles, Lara Cleveland, Rodrigo Lovaton, Sula Sarkar, Matthew Sobek, Derek Burk, Dan Ehrlich, Quinn Heimann, Jane Lee. Integrated Public Use Microdata Series, International: Version 7.5 [dataset]. Minneapolis, MN: IPUMS, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1 [dataset]. Minneapolis, MN: IPUMS, 2024. https://doi.org/10.18128/D020.V7.5 Researchers should also acknowledge the statistical agency that originally produced the data: United States, Department of the Interior. United States Census of 1880 The licensing agreement for use of IPUMS International data requires that users supply IPUMS International with the title and full citation for any publications, research reports, or educational materials making use of the data or documentation. Copies of such materials are also gratefully received at ipums@umn.edu. Printed matter should be sent to: IPUMS International Minnesota Population Center University of Minnesota 50 Willey Hall 225 19th Avenue South Minneapolis, MN 55455 An adapted version of the dataset, harmonized for international comparability, is available from IPUMS International (https://international.ipums.org/international/) under the following conditions: IPUMS International distributes integrated microdata of individuals and households only by agreement of collaborating national statistical offices and under the strictest of confidence. Before data may be distributed to an individual researcher, an electronic license agreement must be signed and approved. To gain access to the data, a researcher must agree to the following: (1) Implement security measures to prevent unauthorized access to census microdata. Under IPUMS International agreements with collaborating agencies, redistribution of the data to third parties is prohibited. (2) Use the microdata for the exclusive purposes of scholarly research and education. Researchers must explicitly agree to not use microdata acquired for any commercial or income-generating venture. (3) Maintain the confidentiality of persons, households, and other entities. Any attempt to ascertain the identity of persons or households from the microdata is prohibited. Alleging that a person or household has been identified is also prohibited. (4) Report all publications based on these data to IPUMS International, which will in turn pass the information on to the relevant national statistical agencies. Once a project is approved, a password is issued and data may be acquired through the Internet. Penalties for violating the license include: revocation of the license, recall of all microdata acquired, filing of a motion of censure to the appropriate professional organizations, and civil prosecution under the relevant national or international statutes. These safeguards mirror the principles from the Joint ECE/Eurostat Work Session on Statistical Data Confidentiality. Employees of the Minnesota Population Center who work with the census microdata to produce the harmonized database also sign agreements to respect the confidentiality of the data. The user of the data acknowledges that the original collector of the data, the authorized distributor of the data, and the relevant funding agency bear no responsibility for use of the data or for interpretations or inferences based upon such uses. USA1880_PHC-H-H Household records 10 90 USA1880_PHC-P-H Person records 50140482 143 Record type H Household P Person RECTYPE identifies the type of record for the case: household or person. NOTE: RECTYPE is an alphabetic (character string) variable with a value of 'H' for household records and 'P' for person records. RECTYPE will not appear as a variable in the default rectangular extracts produced by the data extract system. It is only available in hierarchical extracts, to distinguish between the two record types. IPUMS Country 032 Argentina 051 Armenia 040 Austria 050 Bangladesh 112 Belarus 204 Benin 068 Bolivia 072 Botswana 076 Brazil 854 Burkina Faso 116 Cambodia 120 Cameroon 124 Canada 152 Chile 156 China 170 Colombia 188 Costa Rica 192 Cuba 208 Denmark 214 Dominican Republic 218 Ecuador 818 Egypt 222 El Salvador 231 Ethiopia 242 Fiji 246 Finland 250 France 276 Germany 288 Ghana 300 Greece 320 Guatemala 324 Guinea 332 Haiti 340 Honduras 348 Hungary 352 Iceland 356 India 360 Indonesia 364 Iran 368 Iraq 372 Ireland 376 Israel 380 Italy 384 Ivory Coast 388 Jamaica 400 Jordan 404 Kenya 417 Kyrgyz Republic 418 Laos 426 Lesotho 430 Liberia 454 Malawi 458 Malaysia 466 Mali 480 Mauritius 484 Mexico 496 Mongolia 504 Morocco 508 Mozambique 104 Myanmar 524 Nepal 528 Netherlands 558 Nicaragua 566 Nigeria 578 Norway 586 Pakistan 275 Palestine 591 Panama 598 Papua New Guinea 600 Paraguay 604 Peru 608 Philippines 616 Poland 620 Portugal 630 Puerto Rico 642 Romania 643 Russia 646 Rwanda 662 Saint Lucia 686 Senegal 694 Sierra Leone 703 Slovak Republic 705 Slovenia 710 South Africa 728 South Sudan 724 Spain 729 Sudan 740 Suriname 752 Sweden 756 Switzerland 834 Tanzania 764 Thailand 768 Togo 780 Trinidad and Tobago 792 Turkey 800 Uganda 804 Ukraine 826 United Kingdom 840 United States 858 Uruguay 862 Venezuela 704 Vietnam 894 Zambia 716 Zimbabwe COUNTRY gives the country from which the sample was drawn. The codes assigned to each country are those used by the UN Statistics Division and the ISO (International Organization for Standardization). IPUMS Year 1703 1703 1729 1729 1787 1787 1801 1801 1819 1819 1845 1845 1848 1848 1850 1850 1851 1851 1852 1852 1860 1860 1861 1861 1865 1865 1868 1868 1870 1870 1871 1871 1875 1875 1880 1880 1881 1881 1885 1885 1890 1890 1891 1891 1900 1900 1901 1901 1910 1910 1911 1911 1960 1960 1961 1961 1962 1962 1963 1963 1964 1964 1966 1966 1968 1968 1969 1969 1970 1970 1971 1971 1972 1972 1973 1973 1974 1974 1975 1975 1976 1976 1977 1977 1978 1978 1979 1979 1980 1980 1981 1981 1982 1982 1983 1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2005 2006 2006 2007 2007 2008 2008 2009 2009 2010 2010 2011 2011 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 2015 2015 2016 2016 2017 2017 2018 2018 2019 2019 2020 2020 YEAR gives the year in which the census or survey was taken. For samples that span years, the midpoint or first year of the interval is reported. IPUMS IPUMS sample identifier 032197001 Argentina 1970 032198001 Argentina 1980 032199101 Argentina 1991 032200101 Argentina 2001 032201001 Argentina 2010 051200101 Armenia 2001 051201101 Armenia 2011 040197101 Austria 1971 040198101 Austria 1981 040199101 Austria 1991 040200101 Austria 2001 040201101 Austria 2011 050199101 Bangladesh 1991 050200101 Bangladesh 2001 050201101 Bangladesh 2011 112199901 Belarus 1999 112200901 Belarus 2009 204197901 Benin 1979 204199201 Benin 1992 204200201 Benin 2002 204201301 Benin 2013 068197601 Bolivia 1976 068199201 Bolivia 1992 068200101 Bolivia 2001 068201201 Bolivia 2012 072198101 Botswana 1981 072199101 Botswana 1991 072200101 Botswana 2001 072201101 Botswana 2011 076196001 Brazil 1960 076197001 Brazil 1970 076198001 Brazil 1980 076199101 Brazil 1991 076200001 Brazil 2000 076201001 Brazil 2010 854198501 Burkina Faso 1985 854199601 Burkina Faso 1996 854200601 Burkina Faso 2006 116199801 Cambodia 1998 116200401 Cambodia 2004 116200801 Cambodia 2008 116201301 Cambodia 2013 116201901 Cambodia 2019 120197601 Cameroon 1976 120198701 Cameroon 1987 120200501 Cameroon 2005 124185201 Canada 1852 124187101 Canada 1871 124188101 Canada 1881 124189101 Canada 1891 124190101 Canada 1901 124191101 Canada 1911 124197101 Canada 1971 124198101 Canada 1981 124199101 Canada 1991 124200101 Canada 2001 124201101 Canada 2011 152196001 Chile 1960 152197001 Chile 1970 152198201 Chile 1982 152199201 Chile 1992 152200201 Chile 2002 152201701 Chile 2017 156198201 China 1982 156199001 China 1990 156200001 China 2000 170196401 Colombia 1964 170197301 Colombia 1973 170198501 Colombia 1985 170199301 Colombia 1993 170200501 Colombia 2005 188196301 Costa Rica 1963 188197301 Costa Rica 1973 188198401 Costa Rica 1984 188200001 Costa Rica 2000 188201101 Costa Rica 2011 192200201 Cuba 2002 192201201 Cuba 2012 208178701 Denmark 1787 208180101 Denmark 1801 208184501 Denmark 1845 208188001 Denmark 1880 208188501 Denmark 1885 214196001 Dominican Republic 1960 214197001 Dominican Republic 1970 214198101 Dominican Republic 1981 214200201 Dominican Republic 2002 214201001 Dominican Republic 2010 218196201 Ecuador 1962 218197401 Ecuador 1974 218198201 Ecuador 1982 218199001 Ecuador 1990 218200101 Ecuador 2001 218201001 Ecuador 2010 818184801 Egypt 1848 818186801 Egypt 1868 818198601 Egypt 1986 818199601 Egypt 1996 818200601 Egypt 2006 222199201 El Salvador 1992 222200701 El Salvador 2007 231198401 Ethiopia 1984 231199401 Ethiopia 1994 231200701 Ethiopia 2007 242196601 Fiji 1966 242197601 Fiji 1976 242198601 Fiji 1986 242199601 Fiji 1996 242200701 Fiji 2007 242201401 Fiji 2014 246201001 Finland 2010 250196201 France 1962 250196801 France 1968 250197501 France 1975 250198201 France 1982 250199001 France 1990 250199901 France 1999 250200601 France 2006 250201101 France 2011 276181901 Germany 1819 (Mecklenburg) 276197001 Germany 1970 (West) 276197101 Germany 1971 (East) 276198101 Germany 1981 (East) 276198701 Germany 1987 (West) 288198401 Ghana 1984 288200001 Ghana 2000 288201001 Ghana 2010 300197101 Greece 1971 300198101 Greece 1981 300199101 Greece 1991 300200101 Greece 2001 300201101 Greece 2011 320196401 Guatemala 1964 320197301 Guatemala 1973 320198101 Guatemala 1981 320199401 Guatemala 1994 320200201 Guatemala 2002 324198301 Guinea 1983 324199601 Guinea 1996 324201401 Guinea 2014 332197101 Haiti 1971 332198201 Haiti 1982 332200301 Haiti 2003 340196101 Honduras 1961 340197401 Honduras 1974 340198801 Honduras 1988 340200101 Honduras 2001 348197001 Hungary 1970 348198001 Hungary 1980 348199001 Hungary 1990 348200101 Hungary 2001 348201101 Hungary 2011 352170301 Iceland 1703 352172901 Iceland 1729 352180101 Iceland 1801 352190101 Iceland 1901 352191001 Iceland 1910 356198341 India 1983 356198741 India 1987 356199341 India 1993 356199941 India 1999 356200441 India 2004 356200941 India 2009 360197101 Indonesia 1971 360197601 Indonesia 1976 360198001 Indonesia 1980 360198501 Indonesia 1985 360199001 Indonesia 1990 360199501 Indonesia 1995 360200001 Indonesia 2000 360200501 Indonesia 2005 360201001 Indonesia 2010 364200601 Iran 2006 364201101 Iran 2011 368199701 Iraq 1997 372190101 Ireland 1901 372191101 Ireland 1911 372197101 Ireland 1971 372197901 Ireland 1979 372198101 Ireland 1981 372198601 Ireland 1986 372199101 Ireland 1991 372199601 Ireland 1996 372200201 Ireland 2002 372200601 Ireland 2006 372201101 Ireland 2011 372201601 Ireland 2016 376197201 Israel 1972 376198301 Israel 1983 376199501 Israel 1995 376200801 Israel 2008 380200101 Italy 2001 380201101 Italy 2011 380201121 Italy 2011 Q1 LFS 380201221 Italy 2012 Q1 LFS 380201321 Italy 2013 Q1 LFS 380201421 Italy 2014 Q1 LFS 380201521 Italy 2015 Q1 LFS 380201621 Italy 2016 Q1 LFS 380201721 Italy 2017 Q1 LFS 380201821 Italy 2018 Q1 LFS 380201921 Italy 2019 Q1 LFS 380202021 Italy 2020 Q1 LFS 384198801 Ivory Coast 1988 384199801 Ivory Coast 1998 388198201 Jamaica 1982 388199101 Jamaica 1991 388200101 Jamaica 2001 400200401 Jordan 2004 404196901 Kenya 1969 404197901 Kenya 1979 404198901 Kenya 1989 404199901 Kenya 1999 404200901 Kenya 2009 417199901 Kyrgyz Republic 1999 417200901 Kyrgyz Republic 2009 418199501 Laos 1995 418200501 Laos 2005 418201501 Laos 2015 426199601 Lesotho 1996 426200601 Lesotho 2006 430197401 Liberia 1974 430200801 Liberia 2008 454198701 Malawi 1987 454199801 Malawi 1998 454200801 Malawi 2008 458197001 Malaysia 1970 458198001 Malaysia 1980 458199101 Malaysia 1991 458200001 Malaysia 2000 466198701 Mali 1987 466199801 Mali 1998 466200901 Mali 2009 480199001 Mauritius 1990 480200001 Mauritius 2000 480201101 Mauritius 2011 484196001 Mexico 1960 484197001 Mexico 1970 484199001 Mexico 1990 484199501 Mexico 1995 484200001 Mexico 2000 484200501 Mexico 2005 484201001 Mexico 2010 484201501 Mexico 2015 484202001 Mexico 2020 484200521 Mexico 2005 Q1 LFS 484200522 Mexico 2005 Q2 LFS 484200523 Mexico 2005 Q3 LFS 484200524 Mexico 2005 Q4 LFS 484200621 Mexico 2006 Q1 LFS 484200622 Mexico 2006 Q2 LFS 484200623 Mexico 2006 Q3 LFS 484200624 Mexico 2006 Q4 LFS 484200721 Mexico 2007 Q1 LFS 484200722 Mexico 2007 Q2 LFS 484200723 Mexico 2007 Q3 LFS 484200724 Mexico 2007 Q4 LFS 484200821 Mexico 2008 Q1 LFS 484200822 Mexico 2008 Q2 LFS 484200823 Mexico 2008 Q3 LFS 484200824 Mexico 2008 Q4 LFS 484200921 Mexico 2009 Q1 LFS 484200922 Mexico 2009 Q2 LFS 484200923 Mexico 2009 Q3 LFS 484200924 Mexico 2009 Q4 LFS 484201021 Mexico 2010 Q1 LFS 484201022 Mexico 2010 Q2 LFS 484201023 Mexico 2010 Q3 LFS 484201024 Mexico 2010 Q4 LFS 484201121 Mexico 2011 Q1 LFS 484201122 Mexico 2011 Q2 LFS 484201123 Mexico 2011 Q3 LFS 484201124 Mexico 2011 Q4 LFS 484201221 Mexico 2012 Q1 LFS 484201222 Mexico 2012 Q2 LFS 484201223 Mexico 2012 Q3 LFS 484201224 Mexico 2012 Q4 LFS 484201321 Mexico 2013 Q1 LFS 484201322 Mexico 2013 Q2 LFS 484201323 Mexico 2013 Q3 LFS 484201324 Mexico 2013 Q4 LFS 484201421 Mexico 2014 Q1 LFS 484201422 Mexico 2014 Q2 LFS 484201423 Mexico 2014 Q3 LFS 484201424 Mexico 2014 Q4 LFS 484201521 Mexico 2015 Q1 LFS 484201522 Mexico 2015 Q2 LFS 484201523 Mexico 2015 Q3 LFS 484201524 Mexico 2015 Q4 LFS 484201621 Mexico 2016 Q1 LFS 484201622 Mexico 2016 Q2 LFS 484201623 Mexico 2016 Q3 LFS 484201624 Mexico 2016 Q4 LFS 484201721 Mexico 2017 Q1 LFS 484201722 Mexico 2017 Q2 LFS 484201723 Mexico 2017 Q3 LFS 484201724 Mexico 2017 Q4 LFS 484201821 Mexico 2018 Q1 LFS 484201822 Mexico 2018 Q2 LFS 484201823 Mexico 2018 Q3 LFS 484201824 Mexico 2018 Q4 LFS 484201921 Mexico 2019 Q1 LFS 484201922 Mexico 2019 Q2 LFS 484201923 Mexico 2019 Q3 LFS 484201924 Mexico 2019 Q4 LFS 484202021 Mexico 2020 Q1 LFS 484202023 Mexico 2020 Q3 LFS 496198901 Mongolia 1989 496200001 Mongolia 2000 504198201 Morocco 1982 504199401 Morocco 1994 504200401 Morocco 2004 504201401 Morocco 2014 508199701 Mozambique 1997 508200701 Mozambique 2007 104201401 Myanmar 2014 524200101 Nepal 2001 524201101 Nepal 2011 528196001 Netherlands 1960 528197101 Netherlands 1971 528200101 Netherlands 2001 528201101 Netherlands 2011 558197101 Nicaragua 1971 558199501 Nicaragua 1995 558200501 Nicaragua 2005 566200621 Nigeria 2006 566200721 Nigeria 2007 566200821 Nigeria 2008 566200921 Nigeria 2009 566201021 Nigeria 2010 578180101 Norway 1801 578186501 Norway 1865 578187501 Norway 1875 578190001 Norway 1900 578191001 Norway 1910 586197301 Pakistan 1973 586198101 Pakistan 1981 586199801 Pakistan 1998 275199701 Palestine 1997 275200701 Palestine 2007 275201701 Palestine 2017 591196001 Panama 1960 591197001 Panama 1970 591198001 Panama 1980 591199001 Panama 1990 591200001 Panama 2000 591201001 Panama 2010 598198001 Papua New Guinea 1980 598199001 Papua New Guinea 1990 598200001 Papua New Guinea 2000 600196201 Paraguay 1962 600197201 Paraguay 1972 600198201 Paraguay 1982 600199201 Paraguay 1992 600200201 Paraguay 2002 604199301 Peru 1993 604200701 Peru 2007 604201701 Peru 2017 608199001 Philippines 1990 608199501 Philippines 1995 608200001 Philippines 2000 608201001 Philippines 2010 616197801 Poland 1978 616198801 Poland 1988 616200201 Poland 2002 616201101 Poland 2011 620198101 Portugal 1981 620199101 Portugal 1991 620200101 Portugal 2001 620201101 Portugal 2011 630197001 Puerto Rico 1970 630198001 Puerto Rico 1980 630199001 Puerto Rico 1990 630200001 Puerto Rico 2000 630200501 Puerto Rico 2005 630201001 Puerto Rico 2010 630201501 Puerto Rico 2015 630202001 Puerto Rico 2020 642197701 Romania 1977 642199201 Romania 1992 642200201 Romania 2002 642201101 Romania 2011 643200201 Russia 2002 643201001 Russia 2010 646199101 Rwanda 1991 646200201 Rwanda 2002 646201201 Rwanda 2012 662198001 Saint Lucia 1980 662199101 Saint Lucia 1991 686198801 Senegal 1988 686200201 Senegal 2002 686201301 Senegal 2013 694200401 Sierra Leone 2004 694201501 Sierra Leone 2015 703199101 Slovak Republic 1991 703200101 Slovak Republic 2001 703201101 Slovak Republic 2011 705200201 Slovenia 2002 710199601 South Africa 1996 710200101 South Africa 2001 710200701 South Africa 2007 710201101 South Africa 2011 710201601 South Africa 2016 728200801 South Sudan 2008 724198101 Spain 1981 724199101 Spain 1991 724200101 Spain 2001 724201101 Spain 2011 724200521 Spain 2005 Q1 LFS 724200522 Spain 2005 Q2 LFS 724200523 Spain 2005 Q3 LFS 724200524 Spain 2005 Q4 LFS 724200621 Spain 2006 Q1 LFS 724200622 Spain 2006 Q2 LFS 724200623 Spain 2006 Q3 LFS 724200624 Spain 2006 Q4 LFS 724200721 Spain 2007 Q1 LFS 724200722 Spain 2007 Q2 LFS 724200723 Spain 2007 Q3 LFS 724200724 Spain 2007 Q4 LFS 724200821 Spain 2008 Q1 LFS 724200822 Spain 2008 Q2 LFS 724200823 Spain 2008 Q3 LFS 724200824 Spain 2008 Q4 LFS 724200921 Spain 2009 Q1 LFS 724200922 Spain 2009 Q2 LFS 724200923 Spain 2009 Q3 LFS 724200924 Spain 2009 Q4 LFS 724201021 Spain 2010 Q1 LFS 724201022 Spain 2010 Q2 LFS 724201023 Spain 2010 Q3 LFS 724201024 Spain 2010 Q4 LFS 724201121 Spain 2011 Q1 LFS 724201122 Spain 2011 Q2 LFS 724201123 Spain 2011 Q3 LFS 724201124 Spain 2011 Q4 LFS 724201221 Spain 2012 Q1 LFS 724201222 Spain 2012 Q2 LFS 724201223 Spain 2012 Q3 LFS 724201224 Spain 2012 Q4 LFS 724201321 Spain 2013 Q1 LFS 724201322 Spain 2013 Q2 LFS 724201323 Spain 2013 Q3 LFS 724201324 Spain 2013 Q4 LFS 724201421 Spain 2014 Q1 LFS 724201422 Spain 2014 Q2 LFS 724201423 Spain 2014 Q3 LFS 724201424 Spain 2014 Q4 LFS 724201521 Spain 2015 Q1 LFS 724201522 Spain 2015 Q2 LFS 724201523 Spain 2015 Q3 LFS 724201524 Spain 2015 Q4 LFS 724201621 Spain 2016 Q1 LFS 724201622 Spain 2016 Q2 LFS 724201623 Spain 2016 Q3 LFS 724201624 Spain 2016 Q4 LFS 724201721 Spain 2017 Q1 LFS 724201722 Spain 2017 Q2 LFS 724201723 Spain 2017 Q3 LFS 724201724 Spain 2017 Q4 LFS 724201821 Spain 2018 Q1 LFS 724201822 Spain 2018 Q2 LFS 724201823 Spain 2018 Q3 LFS 724201824 Spain 2018 Q4 LFS 724201921 Spain 2019 Q1 LFS 724201922 Spain 2019 Q2 LFS 724201923 Spain 2019 Q3 LFS 724201924 Spain 2019 Q4 LFS 724202021 Spain 2020 Q1 LFS 724202022 Spain 2020 Q2 LFS 724202023 Spain 2020 Q3 LFS 724202024 Spain 2020 Q4 LFS 729200801 Sudan 2008 740200401 Suriname 2004 740201201 Suriname 2012 752188001 Sweden 1880 752189001 Sweden 1890 752190001 Sweden 1900 752191001 Sweden 1910 756197001 Switzerland 1970 756198001 Switzerland 1980 756199001 Switzerland 1990 756200001 Switzerland 2000 756201101 Switzerland 2011 834198801 Tanzania 1988 834200201 Tanzania 2002 834201201 Tanzania 2012 764197001 Thailand 1970 764198001 Thailand 1980 764199001 Thailand 1990 764200001 Thailand 2000 768196001 Togo 1960 768197001 Togo 1970 768201001 Togo 2010 780197001 Trinidad and Tobago 1970 780198001 Trinidad and Tobago 1980 780199001 Trinidad and Tobago 1990 780200001 Trinidad and Tobago 2000 780201101 Trinidad and Tobago 2011 792198501 Turkey 1985 792199001 Turkey 1990 792200001 Turkey 2000 800199101 Uganda 1991 800200201 Uganda 2002 800201401 Uganda 2014 804200101 Ukraine 2001 826185101 United Kingdom 1851 (England and Wales) 826185102 United Kingdom 1851 (Scotland) 826185103 United Kingdom 1851 (2% sample) 826186101 United Kingdom 1861 (England and Wales) 826186102 United Kingdom 1861 (Scotland) 826187101 United Kingdom 1871 (Scotland) 826188101 United Kingdom 1881 (England and Wales) 826188102 United Kingdom 1881 (Scotland) 826189101 United Kingdom 1891 (England and Wales) 826189102 United Kingdom 1891 (Scotland) 826190101 United Kingdom 1901 (England and Wales) 826190102 United Kingdom 1901 (Scotland) 826191101 United Kingdom 1911 (England and Wales) 826196101 United Kingdom 1961 826197101 United Kingdom 1971 826199101 United Kingdom 1991 826200101 United Kingdom 2001 840185001 United States 1850 (100%) 840185002 United States 1850 (1%) 840186001 United States 1860 (1%) 840187001 United States 1870 (1%) 840188001 United States 1880 (100%) 840188002 United States 1880 (10%) 840190001 United States 1900 (5%) 840191001 United States 1910 (1%) 840196001 United States 1960 840197001 United States 1970 840198001 United States 1980 840199001 United States 1990 840200001 United States 2000 840200501 United States 2005 840201001 United States 2010 840201501 United States 2015 840202001 United States 2020 858196301 Uruguay 1963 858196302 Uruguay 1963 (full count) 858197501 Uruguay 1975 858197502 Uruguay 1975 (full count) 858198501 Uruguay 1985 858198502 Uruguay 1985 (full count) 858199601 Uruguay 1996 858199602 Uruguay 1996 (full count) 858200621 Uruguay 2006 858201101 Uruguay 2011 858201102 Uruguay 2011 (full count) 862197101 Venezuela 1971 862198101 Venezuela 1981 862199001 Venezuela 1990 862200101 Venezuela 2001 704198901 Vietnam 1989 704199901 Vietnam 1999 704200901 Vietnam 2009 704201901 Vietnam 2019 894199001 Zambia 1990 894200001 Zambia 2000 894201001 Zambia 2010 716201201 Zimbabwe 2012 SAMPLE identifies the IPUMS sample from which the case is drawn. Each sample receives a unique 9-digit code. The code is structured as follows: The first 3 digits are the ISO/UN codes used in COUNTRY The next 4 digits are the year of the census/survey The final 2 digits identify the sample within the year. For the last two digits, censuses or large census-like surveys have a value "0" (e.g, 01) in the second-to-last digit, household surveys have a value of "2" (e.g., 21), and employment surveys have a value of "4" (e.g., 41). IPUMS Household serial number SERIAL is an identifying number unique to each household in a given sample. All person records are assigned the same serial number as the household record that they follow. (Person records also have their own unique identifiers -- see PERNUM.) The combination of SAMPLE and SERIAL provides a unique identifier for every household in the IPUMS-International database; SAMPLE, SERIAL and PERNUM uniquely identify every person in the database. SERIAL can be used to identify dwellings in some samples. In these samples, the first 7 digits of SERIAL provide the dwelling number common to all households that were sampled from the same structure. The last three digits give the sequence of the household within the dwelling. The following is a list of samples in which dwellings can be inferred: Chile 1970, 1992, 2002Colombia 1993, 2005Costa Rica 1984, 2000Cuba 2002Dominican Republic 1981, 2002, 2010Ecuador 1990, 2001Germany 1971Hungary 1980, 1990, 2001Jamaica 1982, 1991, 2001Malaysia 1970, 1991, 2000Mexico 1995, 1990, 2000, 2005Nigeria 2006Panama 2000Peru 1993, 2007Portugal 1981, 1991, 2001Spain 1991Uruguay 2011Venezuela 1990, 2001Vietnam 1989In all other samples, the last 3 digits are always zeroes. SERIAL was constructed for IPUMS-International, and has no relation to the serial number in the original datasets. The U.S. 1900 sample and 1880 10% sample have multi-household dwellings that can be identified using the last 3 digits of SERIAL. SERIAL is a 10-digit numeric variable. The last 3 digits of SERIAL indicate household number within dwelling for selected samples noted in the variable description. In all other samples, the last 3 digits are always zeroes. IPUMS Number of person records in the household PERSONS indicates how many person records are included in the household (i.e., the number of person records associated with the household record in the sample). These person records will all have the same serial number (SERIAL) as the household record. The information contained in the household record will normally apply to all of these persons. PERSONS is a 4-digit numeric variable. IPUMS Household weight HHWT indicates the number of households in the population represented by the household in the sample. For the samples that are truly weighted (see the comparability discussion), HHWT must be used to yield accurate household-level statistics. NOTE: HHWT has 2 implied decimal places. That is, the last two digits of the eight-digit variable are decimal digits, but there is no actual decimal in the data. HHWT is an 8-digit numeric variable with 2 implied decimal places. See the variable description. IPUMS Group quarters (collective dwelling) status 00 Vacant 10 Households 20 Group quarters (collective), n.s. 21 Institutions 22 Other group quarters 29 1-person unit created by splitting large household 99 Unknown/group quarters not identified GQ identifies households as vacant dwellings, group quarters, or private households. Group quarters -- collective dwellings -- are generally institutions and other group living arrangements such as rooming houses and boarding schools. Institutions often retain persons under formal supervision or custody, such as correctional institutions, military barracks, asylums, or nursing homes. Educational and religious group dwellings (e.g., boarding schools, convents, monasteries, etc.) are also included in the institutional classification. Group quarter designations are often useful for understanding the universe of households that answered questions about household characteristics. Censuses will often exclude group quarters from such questions. IPUMS Group quarters type, historical 000 NA (non-group quarters households) 010 Family group, someone related to head 020 Unrelated individuals, no one related to head 200 Correctional institution 210 Federal/state correctional 211 Prison 212 Penitentiary 213 Military prison 220 Local correctional 221 Jail 230 School juvenile delinquents--private 240 Reformatory 250 Camp or chaingang 260 House of correction 300 Mental institutions 400 Institutions for the elderly, handicapped, and poor 410 Homes for elderly 411 Aged, dependent home 412 Nursing and convalescent home 413 Old soldiers home 420 Other Institutions (not aged) 421 Other Institutions nec 430 Homes neglected/depend children 431 Orphan school 432 Orphans home, asylum 440 Other instits for children 441 Childrens home, asylum 450 Homes physically handicapped 451 Deaf, blind school 452 Deaf, blind, epilepsy 460 Mentally handicapped home 461 School for feeblemind 470 TB and chronic disease hospital 471 Chronic hospitals 472 Sanataria 480 Poor houses and farms 481 Poor house, almshouse 482 Poor farm, workhouse 491 Maternity homes for unmarried mothers 492 Homes for widows, single, fallen women 493 Detention homes 494 Misc asylums 495 Home, other dependent 499 Instit combo or unknown 500 Non-Institutional group quarters 501 Household (including co-resident unrelated individuals) formerly in institutional group quarters 502 Employees (and their co-resident relatives) formerly in institutional group quarters 600 Military 601 U.S. army installation 602 Navy, marine intallation 603 Navy ships 700 College dormitory 701 Military service academies 800 Rooming house 801 Hotel 802 House, lodging apartments 803 YMCA, YWCA 804 Club 900 Other Non-Instit GQ 901 Other Non-Instit GQ 910 Schools 911 Boarding schools 912 Academy, institute 913 Industrial training 914 Indian school 915 Nursery or children's day care 920 Hospitals 921 Hospital, charity 922 Infirmary 923 Maternity hospital 924 Childrens hospital 925 Hospice 931 Church, Abbey 932 Convent 933 Monastery 934 Mission 935 Seminary 936 Religious commune 937 Other religious 940 Work sites 941 Construction, except rr 942 Lumber 943 Mining 944 Railroad 945 Farms, ranches 946 Ships, boats 947 Other industrial 948 Other worksites 950 Nurses home, dorm 955 Passenger ships 960 Other group quarters 971 Indian reservation 997 Unknown 998 Illegible 999 Fragment (boarders and lodgers, 1900) GQTYPEH reports the type of group quarters in selected historical samples. With this variable, users can distinguish between institutions and non-institutional group quarters, identify broad categories of institutions (e.g., mental institutions versus correctional institutions), and, for some years, isolate very specific types of group quarters (e.g., old soldiers home). IPUMS Number of unrelated persons 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 7 7 8 8 9 9+ UNREL indicates the number of persons in the household who are unrelated to the head as defined in the variable RELATE. IPUMS Urban-rural status 1 Rural 2 Urban 9 Unknown URBAN indicates whether the household was located in a place designated as urban or as rural. IPUMS Continent and region of country 11 Eastern Africa 12 Middle Africa 13 Northern Africa 14 Southern Africa 15 Western Africa 21 Caribbean 22 Central America 23 North America 24 South America 31 Central Asia 32 Eastern Asia 33 Southern Asia 34 South-Eastern Asia 35 Western Asia 41 Eastern Europe 42 Northern Europe 43 Southern Europe 44 Western Europe 51 Australia and New Zealand 52 Melanesia 53 Micronesia 54 Polynesia REGIONW identifies the continent and region of each country. IPUMS North American region, historical 11 New England Division 12 Middle Atlantic Division 14 Ontario 15 Quebec 16 Maritimes 21 East North Central Division 22 West North Central Division 24 Midwest Canada 31 South Atlantic Division 32 East South Central Division 33 West South Central Division 41 Mountain Division 42 Pacific Division 44 Western Canada 91 Overseas Military/Military Installations 93 Unorganized Canadian territory REGIONH identifies the household's census region and division in Canada and the United States. It adds second digit codes to the Northeast, Midwest and West regions to accommodate the contiguous Canadian provinces. IPUMS City, historical US and Canada 0000 Not in identifiable city (or size group) 0001 Aberdeen, SD 0002 Aberdeen, WA 0003 Abilene, TX 0005 Adams, MA 0006 Adrian, MI 0010 Akron, OH 0030 Alameda, CA 0050 Albany, NY 0051 Albany, GA 0070 Albuquerque, NM 0090 Alexandria, VA 0091 Alexandria, LA 0110 Allegheny, PA 0130 Allentown, PA 0131 Alliance, OH 0132 Alpena, MI 0140 Alton, IL 0150 Altoona, PA 0160 Amarillo, TX 0163 Amesbury, MA 0170 Amsterdam, NY 0171 Anaconda, MT 0190 Anaheim, CA 0230 Anderson, IN 0270 AnnArbor, MI 0271 Annapolis, MD 0272 Anniston, AL 0273 Ansonia, CT 0280 Appleton, WI 0282 Argenta, AR 0311 Arlington, MA 0313 Asbury Park, NJ 0330 Asheville, NC 0331 Ashland, OH 0340 Ashland, KY 0341 Ashland, WI 0342 Ashtabula, OH 0343 Astoria, OR 0344 Atchison, KS 0345 Athens, GA 0346 Athol, MA 0350 Atlanta, GA 0370 Atlantic City, NJ 0371 Attleboro, MA 0390 Auburn, NY 0391 Auburn, ME 0410 Augusta, GA 0430 Augusta, ME 0470 Aurora, IL 0490 Austin, TX 0510 Bakersfield, CA 0530 Baltimore, MD 0550 Bangor, ME 0552 Barre, VT 0554 Batavia, NY 0570 Bath, ME 0590 Baton Rouge, LA 0610 Battle Creek, MI 0630 Bay City, MI 0650 Bayonne, NJ 0652 Beatrice, NE 0660 Belleville, IL 0670 Beaumont, TX 0671 Beaver Falls, PA 0672 Bedford, IN 0673 Bellaire, OH 0690 Bellingham, WA 0701 Bellevue, PA 0702 Belmont, OH 0703 Belmont, MA 0704 Beloit, WI 0705 Bennington, VT 0710 Berkeley, CA 0711 Berlin, NH 0712 Berwick, PA 0721 Bessemer, AL 0730 Bethlehem, PA 0740 Biddeford, ME 0742 Billings, MT 0743 Biloxi, MS 0750 Binghamton, NY 0760 Beverly, MA 0770 Birmingham, AL 0771 Birmingham, CT 0780 Bloomfield, NJ 0790 Bloomington, IL 0791 Bloomington, IN 0792 Blue Island, IL 0793 Bluefield, WV 0800 Boise, ID 0801 Boone, IA 0810 Boston, MA 0811 Boulder, CO 0813 Braddock, PA 0814 Braden, WA 0815 Bradford, PA 0816 Brainerd, MN 0817 Braintree, MA 0830 Bridgeport, CT 0831 Bridgeton, NJ 0832 Bristol, CT 0834 Bristol, VA 0835 Bristol, TN 0850 Brockton, MA 0870 Brookline, MA 0880 Brownsville, TX 0881 Brownwood, TX 0882 Brunswick, GA 0883 Bucyrus, OH 0890 Buffalo, NY 0900 Burlington, IA 0905 Burlington, VT 0906 Burlington, NJ 0907 Bushkill, PA 0910 Butte, MT 0911 Butler, PA 0926 Cairo, IL 0930 Cambridge, MA 0931 Cambridge, OH 0950 Camden, NJ 0952 Canonsburg, PA 0970 Camden, NY 0990 Canton, OH 0991 Canton, IL 0992 Cape Girardeau, MO 0993 Carbondale, PA 0994 Carlisle, PA 0995 Carnegie, PA 1010 Cedar Rapids, IA 1020 Central Falls, RI 1021 Centralia, IL 1023 Chambersburg, PA 1024 Champaign, IL 1026 Charleroi, PA 1030 Charlestown, MA 1050 Charleston, SC 1070 Charleston, WV 1090 Charlotte, NC 1091 Charlottesville, VA 1110 Chattanooga, TN 1130 Chelsea, MA 1170 Chester, PA 1171 Cheyenne, WY 1190 Chicago, IL 1191 Chicago Heights, IL 1192 Chickasha, OK 1210 Chicopee, MA 1230 Chillicothe, OH 1270 Cicero, IL 1290 Cincinnati, OH 1311 Clarksdale, MS 1312 Cleburne, TX 1330 Cleveland, OH 1351 Clinton, IN 1370 Clinton, IA 1371 Clinton, MA 1372 Coatesville, PA 1373 Coffeyville, KS 1374 Cohoes, NY 1375 Collingswood, NJ 1390 Colorado Springs, CO 1400 Cohoes, NY 1410 Columbia, SC 1411 Columbia, PA 1420 Columbia City, IN 1430 Columbus, GA 1450 Columbus, OH 1451 Columbus, MS 1490 Concord, NH 1491 Concord, NC 1492 Connellsville, PA 1493 Connellsville, IN 1494 Conshohocken, PA 1496 Corning, NY 1510 Council Bluffs, IA 1520 Corpus Christi, TX 1521 Corsicana, TX 1522 Cortland, NY 1523 Coshocton, OH 1530 Covington, KY 1550 Cranston, RI 1551 Crawfordsville, IN 1552 Cripple Creek, CO 1570 Cumberland, MD 1571 Cumberland, RI 1590 Dallas, TX 1591 Danbury, CT 1630 Danville, IL 1631 Danville, VA 1650 Davenport, IA 1670 Dayton, OH 1690 Decatur, IL 1691 Decatur, AL 1692 Decatur, GA 1693 Dedham, MA 1695 Denison, TX 1710 Denver, CO 1711 Derby, CT 1713 Derry, PA 1730 Des Moines, IA 1750 Detroit, MI 1790 Dover, NH 1791 Dover, NJ 1792 Du Bois, PA 1810 Dubuque, IA 1830 Duluth, MN 1831 Dunkirk, NY 1832 Dunmore, PA 1833 Duquesne, PA 1850 Durham, NC 1870 East Chicago, IN 1891 East Hartford, CT 1892 East Liverpool, OH 1930 East Orange, NJ 1931 East Providence, RI 1940 East Saginaw, MI 1950 East St. Louis, IL 1952 Easthampton, MA 1970 Easton, PA 1971 Eau Claire, WI 2010 El Paso 2030 Elgin, IL 2040 Elyria, OH 2050 Elizabeth, NJ 2060 Elkhart, IN 2062 Elmhurst, IL 2070 Elmira, NY 2072 Elwood, IN 2073 Emporia, KS 2075 Enfield, CT 2080 Enid, OK 2090 Erie, PA 2091 Escanaba 2131 Eureka 2150 Evanston, IL 2170 Evansville, IN 2190 Everett 2210 Everett 2212 Fairfield, CT 2213 Fairhaven, MA 2220 Fargo 2221 Faribault, MN 2230 Fall River, MA 2240 Fayetteville, NC 2242 Findlay, OH 2250 Fitchburg, MA 2270 Flint, MI 2273 Florence, AL 2275 Flushing, NY 2280 Fond du Lac, WI 2301 Fort Dodge, IA 2302 Fort Madison, IA 2303 Fort Scott, KS 2310 Fort Smith, AR 2330 Fort Wayne, IN 2350 Fort Worth, TX 2352 Framingham, MA 2353 Frankfort, IN 2354 Frankfort, KY 2355 Franklin, PA 2356 Frederick, MD 2357 Freeport, NY 2358 Freeport, IL 2359 Fremont, OH 2370 Fresno, CA 2391 Fulton, NY 2392 Gadsden, AL 2393 Galena, KS 2400 Galesburg, IL 2410 Galveston, TX 2411 Gardner, MA 2440 Garfield, NJ 2470 Gary, IN 2472 Geneva, NY 2491 Glens Falls, NY 2510 Gloucester, MA 2511 Gloucester, NJ 2512 Gloversville, NY 2513 Goldsboro, NC 2514 Goshen, IN 2515 Grand Forks, ND 2516 Grand Island, NE 2530 Grand Rapids, MI 2531 Grandville, MI 2540 Great Falls, MT 2550 Green Bay, WI 2551 Greenfield, MA 2570 Greensboro, NC 2571 Greensburg, PA 2572 Greenville, MS 2573 Greenville, SC 2574 Greenville, TX 2575 Greenwich, CT 2576 Greenwood, MS 2577 Greenwood, SC 2578 Griffin, GA 2581 Groton, CT 2583 Guthrie, OK 2584 Hackensack, NJ 2590 Hagerstown, MD 2591 Hamden, CT 2610 Hamilton, OH 2630 Hammond, IN 2650 Hampton, VA 2680 Hannibal, MO 2681 Hanover, PA 2690 Harrisburg, PA 2692 Harrison, NJ 2710 Hartford, CT 2711 Harvey, IL 2713 Hattiesburg, MS 2730 Haverhill, MA 2731 Hawthorne, NJ 2750 Hazleton, PA 2751 Helena, MT 2752 Hempstead, NY 2753 Henderson, KY 2754 Herkimer, NY 2756 Hibbing, MN 2781 Highland Park, IL 2810 Hoboken, NJ 2811 Holland 2850 Holyoke, MA 2851 Homestead, PA 2870 Honolulu, HI 2872 Hopkinsville, KY 2873 Hoquiam, WA 2874 Hornell, NY 2875 Hot Springs, AR 2890 Houston, TX 2891 Hudson, NY 2892 Huntington, IN 2910 Huntington, WV 2950 Huntsville, AL 2960 Hutchinson, KS 2961 Hyde Park, MA 2962 Ilion, NY 2963 Independence, KS 2970 Independence, MO 2990 Indianapolis, IN 3011 Iowa City, IA 3012 Iron Mountain, MI 3013 Ironton, OH 3014 Ironwood, MI 3050 Irvington, NJ 3051 Ishpeming, MI 3052 Ithaca, NY 3070 Jackson, MI 3071 Jackson, MN 3090 Jackson, MS 3091 Jackson, TN 3110 Jacksonville, FL 3111 Jacksonville, IL 3130 Jamestown , NY 3131 Janesville, WI 3132 Jeannette, PA 3133 Jefferson City, MO 3134 Jeffersonville, IN 3150 Jersey City, NJ 3161 Johnstown, NY 3170 Johnstown, PA 3190 Joliet, IL 3191 Jonesboro, AR 3210 Joplin, MO 3230 Kalamazoo, MI 3231 Kankakee, IL 3250 Kansas City, KS 3260 Kansas City, MO 3270 Kearney, NJ 3271 Keene, NH 3290 Kenosha, WI 3291 Keokuk, IA 3293 Key West, FL 3310 Kingston, NY 3312 Kinston, NC 3330 Knoxville, TN 3350 Kokomo, IN 3370 LaCrosse, WI 3380 Lafayette, IN 3390 Lafayette, LA 3391 La Grange, IL 3392 La Grange, GA 3393 La Porte, IN 3394 La Salle, IL 3395 Lackawanna, NY 3396 Laconia, NH 3430 Lakewood, OH 3450 Lancaster, PA 3451 Lancaster, OH 3470 Lansing, MI 3471 Lansingburgh, NY 3480 Laredo, TX 3482 Laurel, MS 3510 Lawrence, MA 3511 Lawrence, KS 3513 Leadville, CO 3520 Leavenworth, KS 3521 Lebanon, PA 3522 Leominster, MA 3530 Lehigh, PA 3550 Lewiston, ME 3551 Lewistown, PA 3570 Lexington, KY 3610 Lima, OH 3630 Lincoln, NE 3631 Lincoln, IL 3633 Lincoln, RI 3635 Little Falls, NY 3638 Lodi, NJ 3639 Logansport, IN 3650 Little Rock, AR 3680 Lockport, NY 3690 Long Beach, CA 3691 Long Branch, NJ 3692 Long Island City, NY 3710 Lorain, OH 3730 Los Angeles, CA 3750 Louisville, KY 3770 Lowell, MA 3790 Macon, GA 3810 Lynn, MA 3830 Macon, GA 3850 Madison, IN 3870 Madison, WI 3871 Mahanoy City, PA 3890 Malden, MA 3891 Mamaroneck, NY 3910 Manchester, NH 3911 Manchester, CT 3912 Manhattan, KS 3913 Manistee, MI 3914 Manitowoc, WI 3915 Mankato, MN 3930 Mansfield, OH 3932 Marietta, OH 3933 Marinette, WI 3934 Marion, IN 3950 Marion, OH 3951 Marlborough, MA 3952 Marquette, MI 3953 Marshall, TX 3954 Marshalltown, IA 3955 Maywood, IL 3956 Martinsburg, WV 3957 Mason City, IA 3958 Massena, NY 3959 Massillon, OH 3961 Mattoon, IL 3962 Mcalester, OK 3963 Mccomb, MS 3964 Mckees Rocks, PA 3970 McKeesport, PA 3971 Meadville, PA 3990 Medford, MA 3992 Melrose, MA 4010 Memphis, TN 4011 Menominee, MI 4030 Meriden, CT 4040 Meridian, MS 4041 Methuen, MA 4120 Michigan City, IN 4122 Middletown, CT 4123 Middletown, NY 4124 Middletown, OH 4125 Milford, CT 4126 Milford, MA 4127 Millville, NJ 4130 Milwaukee, WI 4150 Minneapolis, MN 4151 Minot, ND 4160 Mishawaka, IN 4161 Missoula, MT 4163 Moberly, MO 4170 Mobile, AL 4210 Moline, IL 4211 Monessen, PA 4212 Monroe, MI 4213 Monroe, LA 4230 Montclair, NJ 4250 Montgomery, AL 4251 Morgantown, WV 4252 Morristown, NJ 4253 Moundsville, WV 4255 Mount Carmel, PA 4256 Mount Clemens, MI 4290 Mount Vernon, NY 4291 Mount Vernon, Il 4310 Muncie, IN 4312 Murphysboro, IL 4313 Muscatine, IA 4330 Muskegon, MI 4350 Muskogee, OK 4351 Nanticoke, PA 4390 Nashua, NH 4410 Nashville-Davidson, TN 4411 Nashville, TN 4413 Natchez, MS 4414 Natick, MA 4415 Naugatuck, CT 4430 New Albany, IN 4450 New Bedford, MA 4451 New Bern, NC 4452 New Brighton, NY 4470 New Britain, CT 4490 New Brunswick, NJ 4510 New Castle, PA 4511 New Castle, IN 4530 New Haven, CT 4550 New London, CT 4570 New Orleans, LA 4571 New Philadelphia, OH 4590 New Rochelle, NY 4610 New York, NY 4611 Brooklyn, NY 4630 Newark, NJ 4650 Newark, OH 4670 Newburgh, NY 4690 Newburyport, MA 4710 Newport, KY 4730 Newport, RI 4750 Newport News, VA 4770 Newton, MA 4771 Newton, IA 4790 Niagara Falls, NY 4791 Niles, MI 4792 Niles, OH 4810 Norfolk, VA 4830 Norristown Boro, PA 4831 North Adams, MA 4833 North Bennington, VT 4834 North Braddock, PA 4835 North Branford, CT 4836 North Haven, CT 4839 North Providence, RI 4840 Northampton, MA 4841 North Tonawanda, NY 4842 North Yakima, WA 4843 Northbridge, MA 4870 Norwalk, CT 4890 Norwich, CT 4900 Norwood, OH 4901 Norwood, MA 4910 Oak Park Village 4930 Oakland, CA 4970 Ogden, UT 4971 Ogdensburg, NY 4972 Oil City, PA 4990 Oklahoma City, OK 4993 Old Forge, PA 4994 Olean, NY 4996 Olyphant, PA 5010 Omaha, NE 5012 Oneonta, NY 5050 Orange, NJ 5051 Orange, CT 5090 Oshkosh, WI 5092 Ossining, NY 5110 Oswego, NY 5111 Ottawa, IL 5112 Ottumwa, IA 5113 Owensboro, KY 5116 Painesville, OH 5117 Palestine, TX 5118 Palo Alto, CA 5121 Paris, TX 5122 Park Ridge, IL 5123 Parkersburg, WV 5125 Parsons, KS 5150 Pasadena, CA 5180 Paducah, KY 5190 Passaic, NJ 5210 Paterson, NJ 5230 Pawtucket, RI 5231 Peabody, MA 5232 Peekskill, NY 5233 Pekin, IL 5250 Pensacola, FL 5270 Peoria, IL 5290 Perth Amboy, NJ 5291 Peru, IN 5310 Petersburg, VA 5311 Phenix City, AL 5330 Philadelphia, PA 5331 Kensington 5332 Mayamensing 5333 Northern Liberties 5334 Southwark 5335 Spring Garden 5341 Phillipsburg, NJ 5350 Phoenix, AZ 5351 Phoenixville, PA 5352 Pine Bluff, AR 5353 Piqua, OH 5354 Pittsburg, KS 5370 Pittsburgh, PA 5390 Pittsfield, MA 5391 Pittston, PA 5410 Plainfield, NJ 5411 Plattsburg, NY 5413 Plymouth, PA 5414 Plymouth, MA 5415 Pocatello, ID 5430 Plano, TX 5450 Pomona, CA 5154 Ponca City, OK 5470 Pontiac, MI 5471 Port Angeles, WA 5481 Port Chester, NY 5490 Port Huron, MI 5510 Portland, ME 5511 Portland, IL 5530 Portland, OR 5550 Portsmouth, NH 5570 Portsmouth, OH 5590 Portsmouth, VA 5591 Pottstown, PA 5610 Pottsville, PA 5630 Poughkeepsie, NY 5650 Providence, RI 5660 Provo, UT 5670 Pueblo, CO 5671 Punxsutawney, PA 5690 Quincy, IL 5710 Quincy, MA 5730 Racine, WI 5731 Rahway, NJ 5750 Raleigh, NC 5752 Rapid City, SD 5790 Reading, PA 5791 Red Bank, NJ 5792 Redlands, CA 5810 Reno, NV 5811 Rensselaer, NY 5830 Revere, MA 5850 Richmond, IN 5870 Richmond, VA 5890 Riverside, CA 5910 Roanoke, VA 5930 Rochester, NY 5931 Rochester, NH 5932 Rochester, MN 5933 Rock Hill, SC 5950 Rock Island, IL 5970 Rockford, IL 5971 Rockland, ME 5973 Rockville Centre, NY 5990 Rome, NY 5991 Rome, GA 5993 Roselle, NJ 5994 Roswell, NM 6010 Roxbury, MA 6011 Royal Oak, MI 6012 Rumford Falls, ME 6014 Rutland, VT 6030 Sacramento, CA 6050 Saginaw, MI 6070 Saint Joseph, MO 6090 Saint Louis, MO 6110 Saint Paul, MN 6130 Saint Petersburg, FL 6150 Salem, MA 6170 Salem, OR 6171 Salem, OH 6172 Salina, KS 6190 Salinas, CA 6191 Salisbury, NC 6192 Salisbury, MD 6210 Salt Lake City, UT 6211 San Angelo, TX 6230 San Antonio, TX 6250 San Bernadino, CA 6270 San Diego, CA 6280 Sandusky, OH 6282 Sanford, ME 6290 San Francisco, CA 6310 San Jose, CA 6311 San Leandro, CA 6312 San Mateo, CA 6320 Santa Barbara, CA 6321 Santa Cruz, CA 6322 Santa Fe, NM 6330 Santa Ana, CA 6350 Santa Rosa, CA 6352 Saratoga Springs, NY 6353 Saugus, MA 6354 Sault Ste. Marie, MI 6370 Savannah, GA 6390 Schenectedy, NY 6410 Scranton, PA 6430 Seattle, WA 6431 Sedalia, MO 6432 Selma, AL 6435 Shamokin, PA 6437 Sharpsville, PA 6438 Shawnee, OK 6440 Sharon, PA 6450 Sheboygan, WI 6451 Shelby, NC 6452 Shelbyville, IN 6470 Shenandoah Borough, PA 6471 Sherman, TX 6490 Shreveport, LA 6510 Sioux City, IA 6530 Sioux Falls, SD 6550 Smithfield, RI 6570 Somerville, MA 6590 South Bend, IN 6591 South Bethlehem, PA 6592 South Boise, ID 6594 South Milwaukee, WI 6595 South Norwalk, CT 6610 South Omaha, NE 6611 South Orange, NJ 6613 South Pittsburgh, PA 6614 South Portland, ME 6615 South River, NJ 6616 South St. Paul, MN 6617 Southbridge, MA 6620 Spartanburg, SC 6630 Spokane, WA 6650 Springfield, IL 6670 Springfield, MA 6690 Springfield, MO 6691 St. Augustine, FL 6692 St. Charles, MO 6693 St. Cloud, MN 6710 Springfield, OH 6730 Stamford, CT 6732 Staunton, VA 6733 Steelton, PA 6770 Steubenville, OH 6772 Stillwater, MN 6790 Stockton, CA 6791 Stoneham, MA 6792 Stonington, CT 6793 Stratford, CT 6794 Streator, IL 6797 Summit, NJ 6798 Sumter, SC 6799 Sunbury, PA 6830 Superior, WI 6831 Swampscott, MA 6832 Sweetwater, TX 6833 Swissvale, PA 6850 Syracuse, NY 6870 Tacoma, WA 6872 Tamaqua, PA 6890 Tampa, FL 6910 Taunton, MA 6912 Temple, TX 6950 Terre Haute, IN 6951 Texarkana, TX 6954 Tiffin, OH 6970 Toledo, OH 6990 Topeka, KS 6991 Torrington, CT 6992 Traverse City, MI 7010 Trenton, NJ 7011 Trinidad, CO 7030 Troy, NY 7050 Tucson, AZ 7070 Tulsa, OK 7071 Turtle Creek, PA 7072 Tuscaloosa, AL 7073 Two Rivers, WI 7074 Tyler, TX 7080 Union City, NJ 7081 Uniontown, PA 7083 Urbana, IL 7090 Utica, NY 7091 Valdosta, GA 7092 Vallejo, CA 7110 Vallejo, CA 7120 Vicksburg, MS 7121 Vincennes, IN 7122 Virginia, MN 7123 Virginia City, NV 7150 Waco, TX 7151 Wakefield, MA 7152 Walla Walla, WA 7153 Wallingford, CT 7170 Waltham, MA 7190 Warren, OH 7191 Warren, PA 7210 Warwick Town, RI 7230 Washington, DC 7231 Georgetown, DC 7241 Washington, PA 7250 Waterbury, CT 7270 Waterloo, IA 7290 Waterloo, NY 7310 Watertown, NY 7311 Watertown, WI 7313 Watertown, MA 7314 Waterville, ME 7315 Watervliet, NY 7316 Waukegan, IL 7318 Wausau, WI 7319 Wauwatosa, WI 7321 Waycross, GA 7322 Waynesboro, PA 7323 Webb City, MO 7325 Webster, MA 7326 Wellesley, MA 7329 West Bay City, MI 7330 West Hoboken, NJ 7331 West Bethlehem, PA 7332 West Chester, PA 7334 West Hartford, CT 7335 West Haven, CT 7350 West New York, NJ 7351 West Orange, NJ 7353 West Springfield, MA 7370 West Troy, NY 7372 Westbrook, ME 7373 Westerly, RI 7374 Westfield, MA 7377 Weymouth, MA 7390 Wheeling, WV 7400 White Plains, NY 7401 Whiting, IN 7410 Wichita, KS 7430 Wichita Falls, TX 7450 Wilkes-Barre, PA 7451 Wilkinsburg, PA 7470 Williamsport, PA 7471 Willimantic, CT 7472 Wilmette, IL 7490 Wilmington, DE 7510 Wilmington, NC 7511 Wilson, NC 7512 Winchester, VA 7513 Winchester, MA 7514 Windham 7515 Winnetka, IL 7516 Winona, MN 7530 Winston-Salem, NC 7531 Winthrop, MA 7532 Woburn, MA 7550 Woonsocket, RI 7551 Wooster, OH 7570 Worcester, MA 7571 Wyandotte, MI 7572 Xenia, OH 7590 Yonkers, NY 7610 York, PA 7630 Youngstown, OH 7631 Ypsilanti, MI 7650 Zanesville, OH 9010 Summerside, PEI 9020 Charlottetown , PEI 9030 Georgetown Royalty, PEI 9105 Cheticamp, NS 9110 Lingan, NS 9115 Sydney, NS 9120 Halifax, NS 9125 Dartmouth, NS 9130 Shelburne, NS 9140 Marshall, NS 9145 Windsor, NS 9150 Scotch, NS 9155 Truro, NS 9160 Pictou, NS 9165 New Glasgow, NS 9170 Mills, NS 9210 St. John, NB 9215 Portland , NB 9220 St. Stephen, NB 9230 St. Andrews, NB 9240 Miltown, NB 9250 Upper Mills, NB 9260 Fredericton, NB 9270 Moncton, NB 9301 Schoolbred, QC 9302 Escuminac, QC 9303 Gaspé, QC 9304 Rimouski, QC 9305 Fraserville, QC 9306 Cacouna, QC 9307 Kamouraska, QC 9308 Montmagny, QC 9309 Lévis, QC 9310 Lauzon, QC 9311 Bienville, QC 9312 Ste. Émélie, Leclercville, QC 9313 Plessisville, QC 9314 Larochelle, QC 9315 Nicolet, QC 9316 Arthabaskaville, QC 9317 Warwick, QC 9318 Princeville, QC 9319 Drummondville, QC 9320 Victoriaville, QC 9321 Richmond, QC 9322 Windsor Mills, QC 9323 Danville, QC 9324 Melbourne, QC 9325 Waterville, QC 9326 Sherbrooke, QC 9327 Lennoxville, QC 9328 Coaticook, QC 9329 Stanstead Plain, QC 9330 Dixville, QC 9331 Beebe Plains, QC 9332 Yamaska, QC 9333 Actonvale, QC 9334 St. Ephrem d'Upton, QC 9335 Waterloo, QC 9336 Roxton Falls, QC 9337 Granby, QC 9338 Sorel, QC 9339 St. Ours, QC 9340 St-Hyacinthe, QC 9341 St. Césaire, QC 9342 Marieville, QC 9343 Richelieu, QC 9344 Canrobert, QC 9345 Iberville, QC 9346 Farnham, QC 9347 Dunham, QC 9348 Frelighsburg, QC 9349 Philipsburg, QC 9350 Varennes, QC 9351 Longueuil, QC 9352 Chambly, QC 9353 Boucherville, QC 9354 St. Jean, QC 9355 Laprairie, QC 9356 Napierville, QC 9357 St. Rémi, QC 9358 Howick, QC 9359 Huntingdon, QC 9360 Valleyfield, QC 9361 Beauharnois, QC 9362 Coteau Landing, QC 9363 Les Cèdres, QC 9364 Rigaud, QC 9365 Vaudreuil, QC 9366 Chicoutimi, QC 9367 Bagotville, QC 9368 Pointe-au-Pic, QC 9369 Ste-Pétronille-de-Beaulieu, QC 9370 Québec, QC 9371 Trois-Rivières, QC 9372 Louiseville, QC 9373 Berthier, QC 9374 Joliette, QC 9375 L'Assomption, QC 9376 Montréal, QC 9377 St-Henri, QC 9378 St-Jean-Baptiste, QC 9379 Ste-Cunégonde, QC 9380 St-Gabriel, QC 9381 Hochelaga, QC 9382 Côte-St-Louis, QC 9383 St-Louis, Mile End, QC 9384 Notre-Dame-de-Grâce, QC 9385 Côte-des-Neiges, QC 9386 Côte-St-Paul, QC 9387 Côte-St-Antoine, QC 9388 Côte-la-Visitation, QC 9389 Outremont, QC 9390 Verdun, QC 9391 Lachine, QC 9392 Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC 9393 Ste-Geneviève, QC 9394 Pointe-Claire, QC 9395 Ste-Rose, QC 9396 St-Jérôme, QC 9397 Terrebonne, QC 9398 Ste-Thérèse, QC 9399 New Glasgow, QC 9400 St-Eustache, QC 9401 Ste-Scholastique, QC 9402 Grenville, QC 9403 Hull , QC 9404 Aylmer, QC 9405 L'Ange-Gardien, QC 9406 Buckingham, QC 9407 Gatineau, QC 9408 Monte Bello, QC 9409 Shawville, QC 9410 Chapeau, Calumet Island, QC 9411 Bryson, Litchfield, QC 9412 Quyon, Onlow, QC 9500 Cornwall, ON 9501 Morrisburg, ON 9502 Hawkesbury, ON 9503 L'Orignal, ON 9504 New-Edinburg, ON 9505 Ottawa, ON 9506 Prescott, ON 9507 Kemptville, ON 9508 Merrickville, ON 9509 Richmond, ON 9510 Brockville, ON 9511 Gananoque, ON 9512 Newboro, ON 9513 Perth, ON 9514 Smith's Falls, ON 9515 Carleton Place, ON 9516 Almonte, ON 9517 Lanark, ON 9518 Arnprior, ON 9519 Renfrew, ON 9520 Pembroke, ON 9521 Portsmouth, ON 9522 Garden Island, ON 9523 Kingston, ON 9524 Napanee, ON 9525 Bath, ON 9526 Newburg, ON 9527 Picton, ON 9528 Wellington, ON 9529 Mill Point , ON 9530 Belleville, ON 9531 Trenton, ON 9532 Madoc, ON 9533 Sterling, ON 9534 Brighton, ON 9535 Campbelford, ON 9536 Colborne, ON 9537 Hastings, ON 9538 Cobourg, ON 9539 Ashburnham, ON 9540 Norwood, ON 9541 Hastings, ON 9542 Peterborough, ON 9543 Port Hope, ON 9544 Millbrook, ON 9545 Bowmanville, ON 9546 Newcastle, ON 9547 Lindsay, ON 9548 Bobcaygeon, ON 9549 Omemee, ON 9550 Fenelon Falls, ON 9551 Macauly, Bracebridge, ON 9552 Parrysound, ON 9553 Oshawa, ON 9554 Whitby, ON 9555 Uxbridge, ON 9556 Port Perry, ON 9557 Cannington, ON 9558 Toronto, ON 9559 Yorkville, ON 9560 Markham, ON 9561 Stouffville, ON 9562 Parkdale, ON 9563 Richmond Hill, ON 9564 Brockton, ON 9565 Newmarket, ON 9566 Aurora, ON 9567 Holland Landing, ON 9568 Stouffville, ON 9569 Bradford, ON 9570 Alleston, ON 9571 Barrie, ON 9572 Collingwood, ON 9573 Orillia, ON 9574 Midland, ON 9575 Stayner, ON 9576 Brampton, ON 9577 Streetsville, ON 9578 Bolton, ON 9579 Thorold, ON 9580 Clifton, ON 9581 Welland, ON 9582 Port Colborne, ON 9583 Port Erie, ON 9584 Chippawa, ON 9585 Niagara, ON 9586 Dunville, ON 9587 St. Catharines, ON 9588 Merritton, ON 9589 Port Dalhousie, ON 9590 Grimsby, ON 9591 Beamsville, ON 9592 Caledonia, ON 9593 Cayuga, ON 9594 Dundas, ON 9595 Hamilton, ON 9596 Oakville, ON 9597 Georgetown, ON 9598 Milton, ON 9599 Burlington, ON 9600 Acton, ON 9601 Guelph, ON 9602 Orangeville, ON 9603 Fergus, ON 9604 Elora, ON 9605 Drayton, ON 9606 Mount Forest, ON 9607 Harriston, ON 9608 Arthur, ON 9609 Clifford, ON 9610 Palmerston, ON 9611 Shelburne, ON 9612 Durham, ON 9613 Meaford, ON 9614 Shelburne, ON 9615 Owen Sound, ON 9616 Brook, ON 9617 Port Dover, ON 9618 Simcoe, ON 9619 Waterford, ON 9620 Tilsonburg, ON 9621 Brantford, ON 9622 Paris, ON 9623 Galt, ON 9624 Preston, ON 9625 New Hamburg, ON 9626 Hespeler, ON 9627 Berlin, ON 9628 Waterloo, ON 9629 St. Thomas, ON 9630 Aylmer, ON 9631 Port Stanley, ON 9632 Springfield, ON 9633 Vienna, ON 9634 Ingersoll, ON 9635 Norwich, ON 9636 Woodstock, ON 9639 Petersville, ON 9640 Strathrey, ON 9641 Glencoe, ON 9642 Newbury, ON 9643 Wardsville, ON 9644 Park Hill, ON 9645 Lucan, ON 9646 Ailsa Craig, ON 9647 London, ON 9648 St. Mary's, ON 9649 Mitchell, ON 9650 Stratford, ON 9651 Listowell, ON 9652 Palmerston, ON 9653 Milverton, ON 9654 Clinton, ON 9655 Exeter, ON 9656 Bayfield, ON 9657 Goderich, ON 9658 Seaforth, ON 9659 Wingham, ON 9660 Blyth, ON 9661 Wroxeter, ON 9662 Brussels, ON 9663 Lucknow, ON 9664 Kincardiné, ON 9665 Walkerton, ON 9666 Teeswater, ON 9667 Lucknow, ON 9668 Tiverton, ON 9669 Port Elgin, ON 9670 Paisley, ON 9671 Southampton, ON 9672 Chesley, ON 9673 Wiarton, ON 9674 Tara, ON 9675 Dresden, ON 9676 Ridgetown, ON 9677 Thamesville, ON 9678 Sarnia, ON 9679 Petrolia, ON 9680 Forest, ON 9681 Point Edward, ON 9682 Watford, ON 9683 Wyoming, ON 9684 Alvinston, ON 9685 Thedford, ON 9686 Arkona, ON 9687 Oil Springs, ON 9688 Chatham, ON 9689 Wallaceburgh, ON 9690 Blenheim, ON 9691 Windsor, ON 9692 Amherstburg, ON 9693 Leamington, ON 9694 Sandwich, ON 9695 Kingsville, ON 9696 Belle River, ON 9710 Winnipeg, MB 9720 Emerson, MB 9810 Victoria, BC 9820 Vancouver CITYH identifies the city of residence for the United States historical samples and Canada 1881. Canadian cities are numbered from 9010 to 9810, and the codes do not overlap with the existing range of values for cities in the United States. IPUMS City population, historical US and Canada 002853 011485 001118 002726 004125 003667 036100 003786 002055 001077 003019 002611 003461 003403 002595 003340 026127 015226 003412 002338 002128 001664 000318 006218 005032 000369 000221 000174 001417 002291 000648 000771 001738 007597 003556 001022 001269 000776 002164 000371 000992 000929 000900 000764 000699 001571 000879 000825 000305 000413 007227 000788 002682 000578 000380 000372 000456 001860 000814 001617 001170 001040 005791 000808 005321 001103 000999 000785 000347 001847 001880 000286 000278 000259 000612 002355 001506 001165 004314 001340 000922 000909 000203 000856 003906 001499 000511 000208 000607 000439 001935 000508 000376 000333 062446 008670 001381 002156 003268 001313 140747 006415 005874 004849 004506 004111 001537 001524 000988 000949 000884 000462 000387 002406 001163 000751 000443 000839 002032 001398 001314 000300 000790 000568 006890 001762 001549 001479 001460 000597 001827 001715 001603 001332 004468 001719 001920 000853 000995 027412 002999 001188 000819 007609 002871 000418 002467 002087 001975 002684 000752 002147 001605 002820 001734 000495 014091 003680 000546 000834 002975 000598 001670 009516 003042 001065 000874 001547 001418 001079 000193 004957 001266 000692 006812 005585 001148 003504 001060 005080 000750 000744 001155 002135 001300 003992 003140 001824 001800 086415 004825 000954 000459 000867 000786 002006 001540 000580 000407 001176 001099 004854 004445 002910 001095 001028 002920 000755 000606 002456 002347 001870 001716 000722 000664 001441 001808 009631 001798 001129 000685 001242 000830 003709 035961 001710 001471 001302 001068 000848 009890 002847 001733 001387 000587 002170 001772 001257 000536 000242 001059 001866 000491 004426 001146 002645 000066 009616 003173 005187 001419 001240 000698 004054 002066 008367 000674 000555 000528 004318 001411 005373 001601 003817 000801 000540 001539 000976 000872 019746 003415 002284 008239 002688 001292 000562 002606 001725 000679 004564 002480 001918 000914 000590 000561 000444 002876 002604 000861 000718 000545 001400 001154 001141 000893 000796 001979 001538 000740 003874 003465 001614 001293 001132 000886 000569 000552 007873 001525 001212 006561 002672 001143 000863 000556 007985 000977 005925 000000 CITYPOPH reports the population, in hundreds, for all incorporated municipalities in United States census datasets from 1850 to 1910. For the 1881 Canadian census, CITYPOPH is defined similarly as the population of incorporated places. For the U.S. 1880 complete count census, CITYPOPH reports the population for all incorporated municipalities and for the portion of New England towns considered "urban" by the Census Bureau, as well as for a few other non-incorporated areas in other parts of the country. (See URBAN for discussion of how the U.S. Census Bureau defined the urban population.) See CITYH for identification of specific U.S. and Canadian cities. Aggregate data for the 1880 complete count census for cities and counties is available in digital format for users with access to ICPSR, from datasets DS16, DS17, DS18, and DS48 in ICPSR File 02896. The original publications for the aggregate data are available to all users from the U.S. Census Bureau in PDF format. Publications from censuses other than 1880 are also available from the Census Bureau. The source for Canadian city populations is Table I in the publication, Census of Canada, 1880-81, Volume 1 (Ottawa: MacLean, Roger and Co. Printers, Wellington Street, 1882). A scanned copy of this table is available. It contains aggregate statistics for each Canadian census sub-district (SDSTCA) and district (DISTCA) on the number of Dwellings, sub-divided into vessels, shanties, inhabited, uninhabited, and under construction Families Population, by sex Married population, by sex Widowed population, by sex Children and unmarried population, by sex Additionally, the scanned table reports the area in square miles, square kilometers, and acres for every Canadian district in 1881. The latter information is available in the variable CNTYAREAH. The final page of the document contains summary statistics for the provinces (GEO1_CA1852_1911) and the country for all the aforementioned variables. IPUMS County area (square miles), historical 0000730 730 0000760 760 0000643 643 0001385 1385 0001198 1198 0001169 1169 0000623 623 0001656 1656 0000007 7 0002064 2064 0001116 1116 0001065 1065 0000948 948 0000736 736 0001021 1021 0001308 1308 0000811 811 0001177 1177 0001126 1126 0000552 552 0001612 1612 0000670 670 0001.26 1.26 0000584 584 0001323 1323 0001408 1408 0001480 1480 0001203 1203 0003472 3472 0001206 1206 0003490 3490 0001284 1284 0001720 1720 0004760 4760 0001684 1684 0002889 2889 0003292 3292 0004547 4547 0004931 4931 0001841 1841 0001018 1018 0000793 793 0000672 672 0000256 256 0000911 911 0001837 1837 0000720 720 0000743 743 0000593 593 0001309 1309 0001190 1190 0001380 1380 0000219 219 0000407 407 0000261 261 0000336 336 0000559 559 0000469 469 0000194 194 0000270 270 0000246 246 0000189 189 0000358 358 0000195 195 0000136 136 0000175 175 0000173 173 0000152 152 0000250 250 0000399 399 0000139 139 0000137 137 0000183 183 0093353 93353 0001926 1926 0002150 2150 0011.53 11.53 0002650 2650 0001670 1670 0009150 9150 0017.65 17.65 0002522 2522 0003240 3240 0002430 2430 0002678 2678 0000248 248 0004820 4820 0005.19 5.19 0000082 82 0000106 106 0000085 85 0000544 544 0000258 258 0000937 937 0006683 6683 0021018 21018 0000462 462 0000102 102 0000306 306 0000382 382 0000490 490 0000686 686 0002.74 2.74 0000229 229 0000365 365 0000647 647 0000122 122 0000649 649 0000586 586 0000610 610 0004072 4072 0012332 12332 0000320 320 0002.57 2.57 0000314 314 0002057 2057 0000388 388 0000392 392 0000115 115 0002173 2173 0000477 477 0000266 266 0002860 2860 0000325 325 0000318 318 0000413 413 0000893 893 0005041 5041 0000231 231 0000628 628 0009.31 9.31 0000226 226 0000215 215 0000573 573 0001091 1091 0000269 269 0000380 380 0000257 257 0000038 38 0000373 373 0000168 168 0000223 223 0000227 227 0003.72 3.72 0000372 372 0000356 356 0000360 360 0000562 562 0000448 448 0000778 778 0000574 574 0000351 351 0000285 285 0000259 259 0000165 165 0000264 264 0000367 367 0000362 362 0000401 401 0000426 426 0000390 390 0000431 431 0002.98 2.98 0000332 332 0000511 511 0000400 400 0000395 395 0000493 493 0000667 667 0000971 971 0000592 592 0000798 798 0000644 644 0000704 704 0043132 43132 0001075 1075 0003375 3375 0001225 1225 0117526 117526 0178910 178910 0098410 98410 0047985 47985 0999999 999999 0016000 16000 2665252 2665252 0000560 560 0000650 650 0000440 440 0000780 780 0000375 375 0000630 630 0000475 475 0007200 7200 0001000 1000 0001600 1600 0001650 1650 0000875 875 0000525 525 0001900 1900 0002900 2900 0003600 3600 0000260 260 0003510 3510 0000810 810 0002480 2480 0000785 785 0000290 290 0000530 530 0000120 120 0000500 500 0000680 680 0000540 540 0000830 830 0000060 60 0000725 725 0000015 15 0001550 1550 0001980 1980 0001525 1525 0000980 980 0000920 920 0000740 740 0000580 580 0000025 25 0000190 190 0000130 130 0000350 350 0000700 700 0000640 640 0000515 515 0000620 620 0000080 80 0000450 450 0000900 900 0000800 800 0000430 430 0000220 220 0000860 860 0000125 125 0000040 40 0000420 420 0000300 300 0000480 480 0000340 340 0000110 110 0001050 1050 0000690 690 0001350 1350 0000890 890 0000820 820 0001760 1760 0001750 1750 0001440 1440 0001140 1140 0000070 70 0001300 1300 0000020 20 0001200 1200 0000960 960 0000950 950 0000240 240 0000200 200 0001500 1500 0000750 750 0001150 1150 0000940 940 0000600 600 0000330 330 0000510 510 0001160 1160 0000590 590 0001230 1230 0000570 570 0001130 1130 0000550 550 0000520 520 0000770 770 0000970 970 0000370 370 0000910 910 0001205 1205 0000660 660 0000140 140 0000460 460 0001070 1070 0000840 840 0001100 1100 0001120 1120 0000310 310 0001040 1040 0000230 230 0000870 870 0000470 470 0000410 410 0000180 180 0001080 1080 0000880 880 0000170 170 0000850 850 0000210 210 0000090 90 0002000 2000 0003400 3400 0001400 1400 0002540 2540 0002030 2030 0003000 3000 0000280 280 0004000 4000 0000576 576 0000432 432 0000972 972 0000486 486 0000612 612 0000684 684 0000504 504 0001428 1428 0000744 744 0001020 1020 0001188 1188 0000648 648 0001170 1170 0000378 378 0000456 456 0000864 864 0000792 792 0001152 1152 0000756 756 0000936 936 0001260 1260 0000696 696 0000796 796 0002556 2556 0000160 160 0005000 5000 0002265 2265 0002200 2200 0006000 6000 0000790 790 0001145 1145 0000882 882 0000468 468 0007416 7416 0002590 2590 0002440 2440 0021070 21070 0000444 444 0000503 503 0001770 1770 0002980 2980 0001220 1220 0001520 1520 0002700 2700 0004500 4500 0002010 2010 0002110 2110 0001510 1510 0000930 930 0003060 3060 0002510 2510 0001940 1940 0001390 1390 0002730 2730 0003090 3090 0003590 3590 0002190 2190 0001270 1270 0002460 2460 0001730 1730 0002960 2960 0001290 1290 0001990 1990 0002160 2160 0001870 1870 0001250 1250 0001360 1360 0002260 2260 0002910 2910 0001180 1180 0001540 1540 0002500 2500 0001580 1580 0001690 1690 0000050 50 0000150 150 0000100 100 0001620 1620 0001030 1030 0000990 990 0000945 945 0000710 710 0004390 4390 0001700 1700 0004680 4680 0001680 1680 0002600 2600 0002250 2250 0002060 2060 0001340 1340 0001330 1330 0001060 1060 0000327 327 0000852 852 0000856 856 0000773 773 0000535 535 0001545 1545 0001378 1378 0000442 442 0000483 483 0000596 596 0000642 642 0000582 582 0000646 646 0000262 262 0001024 1024 0000485 485 0000842 842 0000187 187 0000575 575 0001498 1498 0000386 386 0000578 578 0001008 1008 0000284 284 0000423 423 0000308 308 0002276 2276 0000618 618 0000923 923 0001806 1806 0001226 1226 0000668 668 0001240 1240 0009500 9500 0008000 8000 0001800 1800 0001470 1470 0002350 2350 0002800 2800 0011000 11000 0012500 12500 0012300 12300 0025000 25000 0012000 12000 0010800 10800 0019220 19220 0006400 6400 0010200 10200 0029300 29300 0009240 9240 0001235 1235 0002300 2300 0006200 6200 0002760 2760 0009000 9000 0007000 7000 0010000 10000 0019180 19180 0003300 3300 0003800 3800 0010100 10100 0005530 5530 0012310 12310 0008130 8130 0005950 5950 0004230 4230 0027380 27380 0036500 36500 0018000 18000 0006500 6500 0004900 4900 0021000 21000 0005500 5500 0006700 6700 0019000 19000 0024000 24000 0005200 5200 0009400 9400 0008200 8200 0006600 6600 0014800 14800 0007160 7160 0014500 14500 0017800 17800 0002560 2560 0007500 7500 0007730 7730 0003760 3760 0006550 6550 0003700 3700 0009100 9100 0002790 2790 0003840 3840 0006160 6160 0013500 13500 0006800 6800 0030275 30275 0015000 15000 0003750 3750 0008120 8120 0008160 8160 0004750 4750 0001560 1560 0003780 3780 0002280 2280 0004260 4260 0003520 3520 0023000 23000 0014600 14600 0003460 3460 0005660 5660 0001420 1420 0002490 2490 0005610 5610 0010500 10500 0017500 17500 0002400 2400 0014260 14260 0004300 4300 0009600 9600 0008850 8850 0014410 14410 0003200 3200 0008900 8900 0301960 301960 0229449 229449 0000002 2 0000004 4 0000009 9 0000001 1 0000086 86 0000076 76 0000063 63 0000184 184 0000244 244 0000472 472 0000353 353 0000131 131 0000066 66 0000093 93 0000046 46 0000074 74 0000143 143 0000048 48 0000113 113 0000146 146 0000091 91 0000084 84 0000405 405 0000104 104 0000568 568 0000402 402 0000099 99 0000232 232 0000208 208 0000179 179 0000239 239 0000305 305 0000317 317 0000251 251 0000069 69 0000016 16 0000097 97 0000815 815 0000207 207 0000302 302 0000344 344 0000465 465 0000471 471 0000611 611 0000441 441 0000776 776 0000404 404 0000589 589 0000652 652 0001261 1261 0003035 3035 0001276 1276 0001593 1593 0000454 454 0001756 1756 0002296 2296 0002764 2764 0001101 1101 0002187 2187 0001466 1466 0002198 2198 0002080 2080 0001887 1887 0002058 2058 0001315 1315 0000526 526 0001232 1232 0000671 671 0000329 329 0000393 393 0000147 147 0000263 263 0000718 718 0000867 867 0001106 1106 0000427 427 0000876 876 0000794 794 0001438 1438 0000005 5 0000062 62 0000222 222 0001468 1468 0000801 801 0001085 1085 0001417 1417 0001201 1201 0000473 473 0000112 112 0000303 303 0000114 114 0000159 159 0000658 658 0000424 424 0002696 2696 0000003 3 0000053 53 0000171 171 0000145 145 0000135 135 0000116 116 0000103 103 0000055 55 0000037 37 0000065 65 0000277 277 0000273 273 0000213 213 0000138 138 0000271 271 0000107 107 0001002 1002 0000293 293 0000218 218 0000243 243 0000312 312 0001653 1653 0000855 855 0000626 626 0001108 1108 0000664 664 0001156 1156 0001703 1703 0000304 304 0000321 321 0000181 181 0000081 81 0000276 276 0000030 30 0000056 56 0000032 32 0000078 78 0001128 1128 0000149 149 0000221 221 0000376 376 0000164 164 0001233 1233 0002697 2697 0000041 41 0000108 108 0000094 94 0000281 281 0000814 814 0000186 186 0000434 434 0000467 467 0000289 289 0000083 83 0000129 129 0000087 87 0000132 132 0000163 163 0001426 1426 0000006 6 0000274 274 0000268 268 0000639 639 0000134 134 0000058 58 0000203 203 0000154 154 0000079 79 0000182 182 0000211 211 0000042 42 0000028 28 0000045 45 0000031 31 0000124 124 0000282 282 0000294 294 0000579 579 0000197 197 0000133 133 0000178 178 0000254 254 0000767 767 0000188 188 0002479 2479 0001236 1236 0000816 816 0000894 894 0000547 547 0000438 438 0000089 89 0000193 193 0000385 385 0000161 161 0000021 21 0000013 13 0000406 406 0000209 209 0000634 634 0000703 703 0000435 435 0001430 1430 0000561 561 0000958 958 0000557 557 0001526 1526 0000523 523 0000609 609 0000121 121 0000334 334 0000851 851 0000291 291 0000169 169 0000506 506 0000235 235 0000555 555 0000919 919 0000196 196 0000247 247 0000155 155 0000035 35 0000174 174 0000033 33 0000117 117 0000051 51 0000224 224 0000111 111 0001184 1184 0000064 64 0000595 595 0000496 496 0000034 34 0001052 1052 0000234 234 0000237 237 0000072 72 0000871 871 0000346 346 0002339 2339 0000727 727 0000621 621 0001729 1729 0000674 674 0000514 514 0000669 669 0000347 347 0000128 128 0000027 27 0000172 172 0002412 2412 0001258 1258 0000601 601 0000333 333 0000073 73 0000403 403 0001037 1037 0000252 252 0000047 47 0002245 2245 0002670 2670 0004336 4336 0000675 675 0000343 343 0000786 786 0000443 443 0000311 311 0000412 412 0000501 501 0000286 286 0001442 1442 0000572 572 0000374 374 0000144 144 0000848 848 0000092 92 0003259 3259 0000565 565 0003686 3686 0000017 17 0000678 678 0001174 1174 0002415 2415 0001455 1455 0000505 505 0001536 1536 0000695 695 0000162 162 0001029 1029 0001577 1577 0002364 2364 0000272 272 0000757 757 0000176 176 0000398 398 0000577 577 0000857 857 0000529 529 0001124 1124 0000502 502 0002448 2448 0003280 3280 0000478 478 0001183 1183 0001535 1535 0003643 3643 0001162 1162 0002746 2746 0002072 2072 0007327 7327 0002958 2958 0001586 1586 0000713 713 0000546 546 0002308 2308 0004397 4397 0007389 7389 0004443 4443 0002174 2174 0003210 3210 0002003 2003 0001062 1062 0003782 3782 9999999 CNTYAREAH is the area in square miles of a county (United States 1880 complete count dataset) or district (Canada) or the area of a municipality (Norway) in square kilometers. Note that these differing measurement systems reflect the official measurement systems currently in place. Users should also note that some areas are not available. In particular, areas for some municipalities are not available for Norway, and counties containing Indian territories in the United States may not have areal information. The population living in areas with no area information is generally small. The IPUMS historical variable US1880A_0028 corresponds to the variable STATE in the ICPSR files, while the variable COUNTYUS corresponds to the variable COUNTY in the ICSPR files. IPUMS Size of place, historical US and Canada 00 Not identifiable 01 Under 1,000 or unincorporated 02 1,000-2,499 03 2,500-3,999 04 4,000-4,999 05 5,000-9,999 06 10,000-24,999 07 25,000-49,999 08 50,000-74,999 09 75,000-99,999 10 100,000-199,999 20 200,000-299,999 30 300,000-399,999 40 400,000-499,999 50 500,000-599,999 60 600,000-749,999 70 750,000-999,999 80 1,000,000-1,999,999 90 2,000,000+ SIZEPLH is a recode of CITYPOPH, grouping places of similar size. See CITYPOPH for more precise figures of city population (in hundreds) for the U.S. and Canada, and see CITYH for identification of specific cities. IPUMS Enumeration district number, historical 10 10 20 20 30 30 40 40 50 50 60 60 70 70 80 80 90 90 100 100 110 110 120 120 130 130 140 140 150 150 160 160 170 170 180 180 190 190 200 200 210 210 220 220 230 230 240 240 250 250 260 260 270 270 280 280 999999 Unknown ENUMDIST identifies the number of the enumeration district in select United Kingdom, Norway and United States datasets. In Norway, enumeration districts are contained within municipalities (which are identified in MUNICNO). Enumerators for the 1875 Norwegian census sometimes used letters to distinguish between the enumeration districts. To make this variable numeric, we have converted the alphabetic suffix to numbers, so that A=1, B=2, C=3 and so forth. The last digit in this variable represents the suffix in the Norwegian enumeration district. For example, 0110 would mean the enumeration district had no alphabetic suffix, 0111 represents 011A, and 0113 represents 011C. The field is zero-filled for ships and for small towns. Enumeration districts without any suffix attached are also recorded in the unharmonized variable NO1975A_0011. There are no such suffixes for the 1865 sample. In the United States, enumeration districts are unique within states. Users must read this variable in conjunction with the STATE variable (GEO1_US1850_1910) to distinguish among enumeration districts located in different states. Code "9999" indicates missing. United States enumeration district numbers are four digits long and almost completely numeric, although the field occupies six columns. Users may reformat the variable as numeric as required. Codes 0000 and XXXX designate "Unknown." United States enumeration district data in the IPUMS International pre-1950 samples are mostly compatible with the IPUMS-USA variable ENUMDIST. The IPUMS-USA version is numeric, whereas the IPUMS International pre-1950 samples version is mostly numeric, with a few exceptions. Users may consult the enumerator instructions (for example, the 1880 enumerator instructions and the IPUMS procedural history of the U.S. census) for further detail on U.S. enumeration districts. Enumeration district maps are available from the National Archives and major research libraries. IPUMS United States, State 1850 - 2020 [Level 1; consistent boundaries, GIS] 840001 Alabama 840002 Alaska 840004 Arizona 840005 Arkansas 840006 California 840008 Colorado 840009 Connecticut 840010 Delaware 840011 District of Columbia 840012 Florida 840013 Georgia 840015 Hawaii 840016 Idaho 840017 Illinois 840018 Indiana 840019 Iowa 840020 Kansas 840021 Kentucky 840022 Louisiana 840023 Maine 840024 Maryland 840025 Massachusetts 840026 Michigan 840027 Minnesota 840028 Mississippi 840029 Missouri 840030 Montana 840031 Nebraska 840032 Nevada 840033 New Hampshire 840034 New Jersey 840035 New Mexico 840036 New York 840037 North Carolina 840038 North Dakota 840039 Ohio 840040 Oklahoma 840041 Oregon 840042 Pennsylvania 840044 Rhode Island 840045 South Carolina 840046 South Dakota 840047 Tennessee 840048 Texas 840049 Utah 840050 Vermont 840051 Virginia 840053 Washington 840054 West Virginia 840055 Wisconsin 840056 Wyoming 840099 State unknown GEO1_US identifies the household's state within the United States in all sample years. States are the first level administrative units of the country. GEO1_US is spatially harmonized to account for political boundary changes across census years; see the comparability discussion. A GIS map (in shapefile format), corresponding to GEO1_US can be downloaded from the GIS Boundary files page in the IPUMS International web site. The full set of geography variables for the United States can be found in the IPUMS International Geography variables list. For cross-national geographic analysis on the first and second major administrative level refer to GEOLEV1, and GEOLEV2. More information on IPUMS-International geography can be found here. IPUMS United States, State 1880 001 Alabama 004 Arizona 005 Arkansas 006 California 008 Colorado 009 Connecticut 010 Delaware 011 District of Columbia 012 Florida 013 Georgia 016 Idaho 017 Illinois 018 Indiana 019 Iowa 020 Kansas 021 Kentucky 022 Louisiana 023 Maine 024 Maryland 025 Massachusetts 026 Michigan 027 Minnesota 028 Mississippi 029 Missouri 030 Montana 031 Nebraska 032 Nevada 033 New Hampshire 034 New Jersey 035 New Mexico 036 New York 037 North Carolina 038 North Dakota 039 Ohio 041 Oregon 042 Pennsylvania 044 Rhode Island 045 South Carolina 046 South Dakota 047 Tennessee 048 Texas 049 Utah 050 Vermont 051 Virginia 053 Washington 054 West Virginia 055 Wisconsin 056 Wyoming GEO1_US1880 identifies the household's state within the United States in 1880. States are the primary level of geography for the United States. GEO1_US1880 harmonizes both the complete count and the 10 percent sample of the United States 1880. Other geography variables from 1880 United States include, STATICUS, COUNTYUS, and METRO. IPUMS United States, County COUNTYUS identifies the household's county of enumeration using the Inter-University Consortium for Political and Social Research (ICPSR) coding scheme. Counties are assigned codes alphabetically within states. The first 3 digits are identical to the FIPS county codes used in other datasets; ICPSR adds a digit to the FIPS codes to accommodate change over time. COUNTY allows the IPUMS-USA and IPUMS International pre-1950 data to be easily merged with ICPSR data. The variable also identifies areas that were not part of any county, including the independent cities of Virginia and some Indian lands. For more information, see "ICPSR County Codes" on the IPUMS-USA website. COUNTY is a state-dependent variable; it must be read in combination with the State variable (last two digits of GEO1_US) to distinguish between counties located in different states. Note that many county boundaries and some county names changed over time. We have not attempted to impose a uniform county boundary system on the data, so a particular county listed for a particular year should be assumed to have the boundaries that it had in that year. GIS boundary files can be obtained from the IPUMS NHGIS site. COUNTYUS is completely compatible with the IPUMS-USA variable COUNTY. COUNTY is a 4-digit numeric variable. CodesSee "ICPSR County Codes," on the IPUMS website under "Geographic Tools," Volume 2: User's Guide Supplement for county codes. 9999: Unknown IPUMS United States, Metropolitan area 000 Household not in an identifiable metropolitan area 004 Abilene, TX 008 Akron, OH 012 Albany, GA 016 Albany-Schenectady-Troy, NY 020 Albuquerque, NM 022 Alexandria, LA 024 Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton, PA/NJ 028 Altoona, PA 032 Amarillo, TX 038 Anchorage, AK 040 Anderson, IN 044 Ann Arbor, MI 045 Anniston, AL 046 Appleton-Oskosh-Neenah, WI 048 Asheville, NC 050 Athens, GA 052 Atlanta, GA 056 Atlantic City, NJ 058 Auburn-Opelika, AL 060 Augusta-Aiken, GA-SC 064 Austin, TX 068 Bakersfield, CA 072 Baltimore, MD 073 Bangor, ME 074 Barnstable-Yarmouth, MA 076 Baton Rouge, LA 078 Battle Creek, MI 084 Beaumont-Port Arthur-Orange, TX 086 Bellingham, WA 087 Benton Harbor, MI 088 Billings, MT 092 Biloxi-Gulfport, MS 096 Binghamton, NY 100 Birmingham, AL 101 Bismarck, ND 102 Bloomington, IN 104 Bloomington-Normal, IL 108 Boise City, ID 112 Boston, MA 114 Bradenton, FL 115 Bremerton, WA 116 Bridgeport, CT 120 Brockton, MA 124 Brownsville - Harlingen-San Benito, TX 126 Bryan-College Station, TX 128 Buffalo-Niagara Falls, NY 130 Burlington, NC 131 Burlington, VT 132 Canton, OH 135 Casper, WY 136 Cedar Rapids, IA 140 Champaign-Urbana-Rantoul, IL 144 Charleston-N.Charleston,SC 148 Charleston, WV 152 Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill, SC 154 Charlottesville, VA 156 Chattanooga, TN/GA 158 Cheyenne, WY 160 Chicago-Gary-Lake IL 162 Chico, CA 164 Cincinnati, OH/KY/IN 166 Clarksville- Hopkinsville, TN/KY 168 Cleveland, OH 172 Colorado Springs, CO 174 Columbia, MO 176 Columbia, SC 180 Columbus, GA/AL 184 Columbus, OH 188 Corpus Christi, TX 190 Cumberland, MD/WV 192 Dallas-Fort Worth, TX 193 Danbury, CT 195 Danville, VA 196 Davenport, IA-Rock Island-Moline, IL 200 Dayton-Springfield, OH 202 Daytona Beach, FL 203 Decatur, AL 204 Decatur, IL 208 Denver-Boulder-Longmont, CO 212 Des Moines, IA 216 Detroit, MI 218 Dothan, AL 219 Dover, DE 220 Dubuque, IA 224 Duluth-Superior, MN/WI 228 Dutchess County, NY 229 Eau Claire, WI 231 El Paso, TX 232 Elkhart-Goshen, IN 233 Elmira, NY 234 Enid, OK 236 Erie, PA 240 Eugene-Springfield, OR 244 Evansville, IN/KY 252 Fargo-Moorhead, ND/MN 256 Fayetteville, NC 258 Fayetteville-Springdale, AR 260 Fitchburg-Leominster, MA 262 Flagstaff, AZ 264 Flint, MI 265 Florence, AL 266 Florence, SC 267 Fort Collins-Loveland, CO 268 Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood-Pompano Beach, FL 270 Fort Myers-Cape Coral, FL 271 Fort Pierce, FL 272 Fort Smith, AR/OK 275 Fort Walton Beach, FL 276 Fort Wayne, IN 284 Fresno, CA 288 Gadsden, AL 290 Gainesville, FL 292 Galveston-Texas City, TX 297 Glens Falls, NY 298 Goldsboro, NC 299 Grand Forks, ND/MN 300 Grand Rapids, MI 301 Grand Junction, CO 304 Great Falls, MT 306 Greeley, CO 308 Green Bay, WI 312 Greensboro-Winston Salem-High Point, NC 315 Greenville, NC 316 Greenville-Spartenburg-Anderson, SC 318 Hagerstown, MD 320 Hamilton-Middleton, OH 324 Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle, PA 328 Hartford-Bristol-Middletown-New Britian, CT 329 Hickory-Morgantown, NC 330 Hattiesburg, MS 332 Honolulu, HI 335 Houma-Thibodoux, LA 336 Houston-Brazoria, TX 340 Huntington-Ashland, WV/KY/OH 344 Huntsville, AL 348 Indianapolis, IN 350 Iowa City, IA 352 Jackson, MI 356 Jackson, MS 358 Jackson, TN 359 Jacksonville, FL 360 Jacksonville, NC 361 Jamestown-Dunkirk, NY 362 Janesville-Beloit, WI 366 Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol, TN/VA 368 Johnstown, PA 371 Joplin, MO 372 Kalamazoo-Portage, MI 374 Kankakee, IL 376 Kansas City, MO-KS 380 Kenosha, WI 381 Killeen-Temple, TX 384 Knoxville, TN 385 Kokomo, IN 387 LaCrosse, WI 388 Lafayette, LA 392 Lafayette-W. Lafayette,IN 396 Lake Charles, LA 398 Lakeland-Winterhaven, FL 400 Lancaster, PA 404 Lansing-E. Lansing, MI 408 Laredo, TX 410 Las Cruces, NM 412 Las Vegas, NV 415 Lawrence, KS 420 Lawton, OK 424 Lewiston-Auburn, ME 428 Lexington-Fayette, KY 432 Lima, OH 436 Lincoln, NE 440 Little Rock-North Little Rock, AR 441 Long Branch-Asbury Park, NJ 442 Longview-Marshall, TX 444 Lorain-Elyria, OH 448 Los Angeles-Long Beach, CA 452 Louisville, KY/IN 460 Lubbock, TX 464 Lynchburg, VA 468 Macon-Warner Robins, GA 472 Madison, WI 476 Manchester, NH 480 Mansfield, OH 488 McAllen-Edinburg-Pharr-Mission, TX 489 Medford, OR 490 Melbourne-Titusville-Cocoa-Palm Bay, FL 492 Memphis, TN/AR/MS 494 Merced, CA 500 Miami-Hialeah, FL 504 Midland, TX 508 Milwaukee, WI 512 Minneapolis-St. Paul, MN 516 Mobile, AL 517 Modesto, CA 519 Monmouth-Ocean, NJ 520 Monroe, LA 524 Montgomery, AL 528 Muncie, IN 532 Muskegon-Norton Shores-Muskegon Heights, MI 533 Myrtle Beach, SC 534 Naples, FL 535 Nashua, NH 536 Nashville, TN 540 New Bedford, MA 546 New Brunswick-Perth Amboy-Sayreville, NJ 548 New Haven-Meriden, CT 552 New London-Norwich, CT/RI 556 New Orleans, LA 560 New York-Northeastern NJ 564 Newark, OH 566 Newburgh-Middletown, NY 572 Norfolk-VA Beach-Newport News, VA 576 Norwalk, CT 579 Ocala, FL 580 Odessa, TX 588 Oklahoma City, OK 591 Olympia, WA 592 Omaha, NE/IA 595 Orange County, NY 596 Orlando, FL 599 Owensboro, KY 601 Panama City, FL 602 Parkersburg-Marietta,WV/OH 603 Pascagoula-Moss Point, MS 608 Pensacola, FL 612 Peoria, IL 616 Philadelphia, PA/NJ 620 Phoenix, AZ 624 Pine Bluff, AR 628 Pittsburgh-Beaver Valley, PA 632 Pittsfield, MA 640 Portland, ME 644 Portland-Vancouver, OR 645 Portsmouth-Dover-Rochester, NH/ME 646 Poughkeepsie, NY 648 Providence-Fall River-Pawtuckett, MA 652 Provo-Orem, UT 656 Pueblo, CO 658 Punta Gorda, FL 660 Racine, WI 664 Raleigh-Durham, NC 666 Rapid City, SD 668 Reading, PA 669 Redding, CA 672 Reno, NV 674 Richland-Kennewick-Pasco, WA 676 Richmond-Petersburg, VA 678 Riverside-San Bernadino,CA 680 Roanoke, VA 682 Rochester, MN 684 Rochester, NY 688 Rockford, IL 689 Rocky Mount, NC 692 Sacramento, CA 696 Saginaw-Bay City-Midland, MI 698 St. Cloud, MN 700 St. Joseph, MO 704 St. Louis, MO-IL 708 Salem, OR 712 Salinas-Sea Side-Monterey, CA 714 Salisbury-Concord, NC 716 Salt Lake City-Ogden, UT 720 San Angelo, TX 724 San Antonio, TX 732 San Diego, CA 736 San Francisco-Oakland-Vallejo, CA 740 San Jose, CA 746 San Luis Obispo-Atascad-P Robles, CA 747 Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc, CA 748 Santa Cruz, CA 749 Santa Fe, NM 750 Santa Rosa-Petaluma, CA 751 Sarasota, FL 752 Savannah, GA 756 Scranton-Wilkes-Barre, PA 760 Seattle-Everett, WA 761 Sharon, PA 762 Sheboygan, WI 764 Sherman-Denison, TX 768 Shreveport, LA 772 Sioux City, IA/NE 776 Sioux Falls, SD 780 South Bend-Mishawaka, IN 784 Spokane, WA 788 Springfield, IL 792 Springfield, MO 800 Springfield-Holyoke-Chicopee, MA 804 Stamford, CT 805 State College, PA 808 Steubenville-Weirton,OH/WV 812 Stockton, CA 814 Sumter, SC 816 Syracuse, NY 820 Tacoma, WA 824 Tallahassee, FL 828 Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater, FL 832 Terre Haute, IN 836 Texarkana, TX/AR 840 Toledo, OH/MI 844 Topeka, KS 848 Trenton, NJ 852 Tucson, AZ 856 Tulsa, OK 860 Tuscaloosa, AL 864 Tyler, TX 868 Utica-Rome, NY 873 Ventura-Oxnard-Simi Valley 875 Victoria, TX 876 Vineland-Milville-Bridgetown, NJ 878 Visalia-Tulare -Porterville, CA 880 Waco, TX 884 Washington, DC/MD/VA 888 Waterbury, CT 892 Waterloo-Cedar Falls, IA 894 Wausau, WI 896 West Palm Beach-Boca Raton -Delray Beach, FL 900 Wheeling, WV/OH 904 Wichita, KS 908 Wichita Falls, TX 914 Williamsport, PA 916 Wilmington, DE/NJ/MD 920 Wilmington, NC 924 Worcester, MA 926 Yakima, WA 927 Yolo, CA 928 York, PA 932 Youngstown-Warren, OH-PA 934 Yuba City, CA 936 Yuma, AZ METROUS indicates the household's census metropolitan area in the United States from 1850 to present. METROUS is harmonized by name and does not account for boundary changes over time. Metropolitan areas are counties or combinations of counties centering on a substantial urban area. METROUS identifies the household's metropolitan area of enumeration if the household was located in a metropolitan area large enough to meet confidentiality requirements. The full set of geography variables for the United States can be found in the IPUMS International Geography variables list. For cross-national geographic analysis on the first and second major administrative level refer to GEOLEV1 and GEOLEV2. More information on IPUMS-International geography can be found here. IPUMS United States, State Economic Area SEAUS stands for State Economic Area, a concept described fully in Donald J. Bogue, State Economic Areas, (Washington D.C., 1951). SEAs are generally either single counties or groups of contiguous counties within the same state that had similar economic characteristics when they were originally defined prior to the 1950 census. IPUMS United States, County GIS identifier NHGISJOIN is a county identifier that can be used to match IPUMS International pre 1950 data with the county-level boundary files and aggregate data from the National Historical Geographic Information System (NHGIS). The corresponding variable in NHGIS is called "GISJOIN2." Researchers can use this variable to match IPUMS International pre 1950 data with NHGIS boundary files (to make maps) or to match NHGIS county-level data with NAPP microdata for the United States (to facilitate multi-level analysis). For user convenience, copies of the NHGIS boundary files are available on the IPUMS County Codes page. NHGIS aggregate data are available via the "Data Finder" link on the front page of the NHGIS homepage. CodesNHGISJOIN is a 7-digit numeric variable. A small number of cases in NAPP cannot be matched to the NHGIS. These are coded as 9999999 in NHGISJOIN. These were non-county areas such as Indian reservations and military installations. There were 6 such counties in 1900 and 1 in 1910. A small number of counties in NHGIS cannot be matched to NAPP data for the United States. In all cases, these were very small counties that were not captured by the IPUMS sampling procedures. All of these counties contained fewer than 1,000 people; many were administrative areas with no population at all. There were 9 such counties in 1850, 56 in 1860, 32 in 1870, 33 in 1880, 2 in 1900 and 1910, and none in 1920 and 1930. IPUMS Farm status, IPUMS historical 1 Non-farm 2 Farm FARMIPUM identifies farm households according to the IPUMS-USA definition. Any household containing a person with the occupation "farmer" is coded as a farm, including group quarters. Farmers are identified as individuals with an OCCHISCO code between 61110 and 61400. In the United States, we also check if there is anyone in the household with an US1880A_0406 code of 100. For the two percent sample of United Kingdom 1851, we use the OCCUK code of 100. Any household containing a farmer under these definitions is regarded as a farm. FARMIPUM does not require the household to be in a non-urban area. The variable FARM restricts farm status to non-urban areas only, based on the (URBAN) variable. IPUMS Farm status, historical 1 No one in household with any connection to agriculture 2 At least one household member works as farmer 3 At least one household member works as agricultural laborer 4 At least one household member works as a cottar 9 Unknown FARM indicates the connection of a household to agriculture. To accommodate differences in census enumeration practices and occupational structure, FARM is not constructed in the same way as FARMIPUM. FARM classifies a household's connections to agriculture into four levels: 1: Nobody in the household indicates any connection with agriculture 2: At least one member of the household is a farmer, and the household's location meets the population [density] threshold. Farmers are identified by having an occupation in minor group 6-1 (See the OCCHISCO codes). If the only agricultural occupation(s) in the household were husbandmen or cottars (61115), the household did not receive this code. Husbandmen and cottars are found in Denmark, Norway, Sweden, and Iceland, and their residence was not always on a farm.For all full-count England and Wales datasets and for Scotland 1881, a parish population density threshold of 75 persons per acre was applied. For the two percent United Kingdom 1851 sample, a population density threshold of 64 persons per acre was applied. Households with farmers that were in locations with greater population [densities] were not given this code. Parish density information is not available in Scotland 1861, 1871, or 1891. FARM is defined based on occupation alone in these samples.3: At least one member of the household was an agricultural laborer; or in Norway there was a cottar in the household, who had no other trade. IPUMS Microfilm reel number REEL reports the microfilm reel number. For each sample, REEL can be used in conjunction with PAGENUM to locate the case on a microfilmed version of the original census form. REEL is a 6-digit numeric variable. IPUMS Household classification 00 Vacant household 01 One-person household 02 Married/cohab couple, no children 03 Married/cohab couple with children 04 Single-parent family 05 Polygamous family 06 Extended family, relatives only 07 Composite household, family and non-relatives 08 Non-family household 09 Unclassified subfamily 10 Other relative or non-relative household 11 Group quarters 99 Unclassifiable HHTYPE is a constructed variable that describes the composition of households. HHTYPE is constructed from information in RELATE (relationship to head), from the constructed pointer variables SPLOC, MOMLOC, and POPLOC (location of spouse, mother, and father), and from information on group quarters status, GQ. IPUMS Number of families in household Vacant household 1 1 family 2 2 families 3 3 families 4 4 families 5 5 families 6 6 families 7 7 families 8 8 families 9 9 or more families NFAMS is a constructed variable that indicates the number of families within each household. Family membership is defined by FAMUNIT. A "family" is any group of persons related by blood, adoption, or marriage. An unrelated individual within the household is considered a separate family. Thus, a household consisting of a widow and a domestic employee contains two families; a household consisting of a large, multi-generation extended family with no persons unrelated to the head counts as a single family. NFAMS is constructed from information in RELATE (relationship to head) and from the constructed pointer variables SPLOC, MOMLOC, and POPLOC (location of spouse, mother, and father). See those variable descriptions for more detail. IPUMS Number of married couples in household No married couples in household 1 1 couple 2 2 couples 3 3 couples 4 4 couples 5 5 couples 6 6 couples 7 7 couples 8 8 couples 9 9 or more couples NCOUPLES is a constructed variable indicating the number of married/in-union couples within a household. NCOUPLES is constructed using the IPUMS-International pointer variable SPLOC (spouse's location in the household). IPUMS Number of mothers in household No mothers in household 1 1 mother 2 2 mothers 3 3 mothers 4 4 mothers 5 5 mothers 6 6 mothers 7 7 mothers 8 8 mothers 9 9 or more mothers in household NMOTHERS is a constructed variable indicating the number of mothers -- of persons of any age -- within a household. NMOTHERS is constructed using the IPUMS-International pointer variable MOMLOC (mother's location in the household). IPUMS Number of fathers in household No fathers in household 1 1 father 2 2 fathers 3 3 fathers 4 4 fathers 5 5 fathers 6 6 fathers 7 7 fathers 8 8 fathers 9 9 or more fathers in household NFATHERS is a constructed variable indicating the number of fathers -- of persons of any age -- within a household. NFATHERS is constructed using the IPUMS-International pointer variable POPLOC (father's location in the household). IPUMS Head's location in household HEADLOC gives the person number (PERNUM) of the head of household in samples in which persons are organized into households. HEADLOC is a 3-digit numeric variable. IPUMS Dwelling number United States 1880 (100%): All records Dwelling number. This is a 8-digit numeric variable with 0 implied decimal places IPUMS Household number (within dwelling) United States 1880 (100%): All records 1 1 Household number (within dwelling). IPUMS Head not first United States 1880 (100%): All records No problem Head not first. IPUMS Dwelling created by splitting apart a large dwelling or household United States 1880 (100%): All records No problem Dwelling created by splitting apart a large dwelling or household. IPUMS Census year <div class="title"><br />The Census of 1880<br /></div></p> <p>Note A: The census year begins June 1, 1879, and ends May 31, 1880 United States 1880 (100%): All households 1880 1880 Census year. IPUMS Data set number United States 1880 (100%): All households 3 3 Data set number. IPUMS Household serial number United States 1880 (100%): All households Household serial number. This is a 8-digit numeric variable with 0 implied decimal places IPUMS Number of person records following United States 1880 (100%): All households 01 1 person record 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 Number of person records following. IPUMS Subsample number United States 1880 (100%): All households 00 First 1% subsample 01 2nd 1% subsample 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 64 64 65 65 66 66 67 67 68 68 69 69 70 70 71 71 72 72 73 73 74 74 75 75 76 76 77 77 78 78 79 79 80 80 81 81 82 82 83 83 84 84 85 85 86 86 87 87 88 88 89 89 90 90 91 91 92 92 93 93 94 94 95 95 96 96 97 97 98 98 99 99 Subsample number. IPUMS Household weight United States 1880 (100%): All households 1 1 Household weight. IPUMS Census region and division United States 1880 (100%): All households 11 New England Division 12 Middle Atlantic Division 21 East North Central Division 22 West North Central Division 31 South Atlantic Division 32 East South Central Division 33 West South Central Division 41 Mountain Division 42 Pacific Division Census region and division. IPUMS State (ICPSR code) <span class="h2">Schedule 1: Free Inhabitants in ____, in the County of ____, State of ____, enumerated by me, on the ____day of ____, 1880.<br /><br />____, Enumerator.</span> United States 1880 (100%): All households 01 Connecticut 02 Maine 03 Massachusetts 04 New Hampshire 05 Rhode Island 06 Vermont 11 Delaware 12 New Jersey 13 New York 14 Pennsylvania 21 Illinois 22 Indiana 23 Michigan 24 Ohio 25 Wisconsin 31 Iowa 32 Kansas 33 Minnesota 34 Missouri 35 Nebraska 36 North Dakota 37 South Dakota 40 Virginia 41 Alabama 42 Arkansas 43 Florida 44 Georgia 45 Louisiana 46 Mississippi 47 North Carolina 48 South Carolina 49 Texas 51 Kentucky 52 Maryland 54 Tennessee 56 West Virginia 61 Arizona 62 Colorado 63 Idaho 64 Montana 65 Nevada 66 New Mexico 67 Utah 68 Wyoming 71 California 72 Oregon 73 Washington 98 District of Columbia State (ICPSR code). IPUMS State (FIPS code) <span class="h2">Schedule 1: Free Inhabitants in ____, in the County of ____, State of ____, enumerated by me, on the ____day of ____, 1880.<br /><br />____, Enumerator.</span> United States 1880 (100%): All households 01 Alabama 04 Arizona 05 Arkansas 06 California 08 Colorado 09 Connecticut 10 Delaware 11 District of Columbia 12 Florida 13 Georgia 16 Idaho 17 Illinois 18 Indiana 19 Iowa 20 Kansas 21 Kentucky 22 Louisiana 23 Maine 24 Maryland 25 Massachusetts 26 Michigan 27 Minnesota 28 Mississippi 29 Missouri 30 Montana 31 Nebraska 32 Nevada 33 New Hampshire 34 New Jersey 35 New Mexico 36 New York 37 North Carolina 38 North Dakota 39 Ohio 41 Oregon 42 Pennsylvania 44 Rhode Island 45 South Carolina 46 South Dakota 47 Tennessee 48 Texas 49 Utah 50 Vermont 51 Virginia 53 Washington 54 West Virginia 55 Wisconsin 56 Wyoming State (FIPS code). IPUMS State Economic Area United States 1880 (100%): All households State Economic Area. This is a 3-digit numeric variable with 0 implied decimal places IPUMS Metropolitan status United States 1880 (100%): All households 1 Not in metro area 2 Central / Principle city 3 Outside central / principal city Metropolitan status. IPUMS Metropolitan area United States 1880 (100%): All households 0000 Not identifiable or not in an MSA 0160 Albany-Schenectady-Troy, NY 0720 Baltimore, MD 1120 Boston, MA 1280 Buffalo-Niagara Falls, NY 1600 Chicago-Gary-Lake IL 1640 Cincinnati, OH/KY/IN 1680 Cleveland, OH 1840 Columbus, OH 2160 Detroit, MI 3480 Indianapolis, IN 3760 Kansas City, MO-KS 4520 Louisville, KY/IN 5080 Milwaukee, WI 5480 New Haven-Meriden, CT 5560 New Orleans, LA 5600 New York-Northeastern NJ 6160 Philadelphia, PA/NJ 6280 Pittsburgh-Beaver Valley, PA 6480 Providence-Fall River-Pawtuckett, MA 6760 Richmond-Petersburg, VA 6840 Rochester, NY 7040 St. Louis, MO-IL 7360 San Francisco-Oakland-Vallejo, CA 7560 Scranton-Wilkes-Barre, PA 8160 Syracuse, NY 8400 Toledo, OH/MI 8840 Washington, DC/MD/VA 9240 Worcester, MA Metropolitan area. IPUMS Metropolitan district United States 1880 (100%): All households 0000 Not in a metropolitan district 0160 Albany-Troy, N.Y. 0720 Baltimore, Md. 1120 Boston, Mass. 1122 Lowell, Mass. 1280 Buffalo, N.Y. 1600 Chicago, Ill.-Ind. 1640 Cincinnati, Ohio-Ky. 1680 Cleveland, Ohio 1840 Columbus, Ohio 2160 Detroit, Mich. 3480 Indianapolis, Ind. 3760 Kansas City, Mo.-Kans. 4520 Louisville, Ky. 5080 Milwaukee, Wis. 5480 New Haven, Conn. 5560 New Orleans, La. 5600 New York, N.Y.-Northeastern New Jersey 6160 Philadelphia, Pa.-N.J. 6280 Pittsburgh, Pa. 6480 Providence, R.I.-Mass. 6760 Richmond, Va. 6840 Rochester, N.Y. 7040 St. Louis, Mo.-Ill. 7360 San Francisco-Oakland, Calif. 7560 Scranton, Pa. 8160 Syracuse, N.Y. 8400 Toledo, Ohio 8840 Washington, D.C.-Md.-Va. 9240 Worcester, Mass. Metropolitan district. IPUMS City United States 1880 (100%): All households 0000 Not in identifiable city (or size group) 0010 Akron, OH 0050 Albany, NY 0090 Alexandria, VA 0110 Allegheny, PA 0130 Allentown, PA 0150 Altoona, PA 0273 Ansonia, CT 0344 Atchison, KS 0350 Atlanta, GA 0371 Attleboro, MA 0390 Auburn, NY 0410 Augusta, GA 0470 Aurora, IL 0530 Baltimore, MD 0550 Bangor, ME 0630 Bay City, MI 0660 Belleville, IL 0740 Biddeford, ME 0750 Binghamton, NY 0771 Birmingham, CT 0790 Bloomington, IL 0810 Boston, MA 0830 Bridgeport, CT 0850 Brockton, MA 0890 Buffalo, NY 0900 Burlington, IA 0905 Burlington, VT 0930 Cambridge, MA 0950 Camden, NJ 0990 Canton, OH 1010 Cedar Rapids, IA 1050 Charleston, SC 1110 Chattanooga, TN 1130 Chelsea, MA 1170 Chester, PA 1190 Chicago, IL 1210 Chicopee, MA 1230 Chillicothe, OH 1290 Cincinnati, OH 1330 Cleveland, OH 1374 Cohoes, NY 1410 Columbia, SC 1430 Columbus, GA 1450 Columbus, OH 1490 Concord, NH 1510 Council Bluffs, IA 1530 Covington, KY 1570 Cumberland, MD 1590 Dallas, TX 1591 Danbury, CT 1650 Davenport, IA 1670 Dayton, OH 1711 Derby, CT 1730 Des Moines, IA 1750 Detroit, MI 1790 Dover, NH 1810 Dubuque, IA 1940 East Saginaw, MI 1970 Easton, PA 1971 Eau Claire, WI 2050 Elizabeth, NJ 2070 Elmira, NY 2090 Erie, PA 2170 Evansville, IN 2230 Fall River, MA 2250 Fitchburg, MA 2280 Fond du Lac, WI 2330 Fort Wayne, IN 2400 Galesburg, IL 2410 Galveston, TX 2510 Gloucester, MA 2530 Grand Rapids, MI 2610 Hamilton, OH 2680 Hannibal, MO 2690 Harrisburg, PA 2710 Hartford, CT 2730 Haverhill, MA 2810 Hoboken, NJ 2850 Holyoke, MA 2890 Houston, TX 2990 Indianapolis, IN 3070 Jackson, MI 3071 Jackson, MN 3111 Jacksonville, IL 3150 Jersey City, NJ 3190 Joliet, IL 3230 Kalamazoo, MI 3260 Kansas City, MO 3291 Keokuk, IA 3310 Kingston, NY 3370 LaCrosse, WI 3380 Lafayette, IN 3450 Lancaster, PA 3510 Lawrence, MA 3520 Leavenworth, KS 3550 Lewiston, ME 3570 Lexington, KY 3630 Lincoln, NE 3633 Lincoln, RI 3639 Logansport, IN 3650 Little Rock, AR 3680 Lockport, NY 3692 Long Island City, NY 3730 Los Angeles, CA 3750 Louisville, KY 3770 Lowell, MA 3810 Lynn, MA 3830 Macon, GA 3870 Madison, WI 3890 Malden, MA 3910 Manchester, NH 3951 Marlborough, MA 4010 Memphis, TN 4030 Meriden, CT 4122 Middletown, CT 4130 Milwaukee, WI 4150 Minneapolis, MN 4170 Mobile, AL 4250 Montgomery, AL 4330 Muskegon, MI 4390 Nashua, NH 4411 Nashville, TN 4430 New Albany, IN 4450 New Bedford, MA 4452 New Brighton, NY 4470 New Britain, CT 4490 New Brunswick, NJ 4530 New Haven, CT 4550 New London, CT 4570 New Orleans, LA 4610 New York, NY 4611 Brooklyn, NY 4630 Newark, NJ 4670 Newburgh, NY 4690 Newburyport, MA 4710 Newport, KY 4730 Newport, RI 4770 Newton, MA 4810 Norfolk, VA 4830 Norristown Boro, PA 4831 North Adams, MA 4840 Northampton, MA 4870 Norwalk, CT 4890 Norwich, CT 4930 Oakland, CA 4971 Ogdensburg, NY 5010 Omaha, NE 5050 Orange, NJ 5090 Oshkosh, WI 5110 Oswego, NY 5210 Paterson, NJ 5230 Pawtucket, RI 5270 Peoria, IL 5330 Philadelphia, PA 5370 Pittsburgh, PA 5390 Pittsfield, MA 5510 Portland, ME 5530 Portland, OR 5570 Portsmouth, OH 5590 Portsmouth, VA 5610 Pottsville, PA 5630 Poughkeepsie, NY 5650 Providence, RI 5690 Quincy, IL 5710 Quincy, MA 5730 Racine, WI 5790 Reading, PA 5850 Richmond, IN 5870 Richmond, VA 5930 Rochester, NY 5950 Rock Island, IL 5970 Rockford, IL 5990 Rome, NY 6014 Rutland, VT 6030 Sacramento, CA 6050 Saginaw, MI 6070 Saint Joseph, MO 6090 Saint Louis, MO 6110 Saint Paul, MN 6150 Salem, MA 6210 Salt Lake City, UT 6230 San Antonio, TX 6280 Sandusky, OH 6290 San Francisco, CA 6370 Savannah, GA 6390 Schenectady, NY 6410 Scranton, PA 6470 Shenandoah Borough, PA 6570 Somerville, MA 6590 South Bend, IN 6595 South Norwalk, CT 6650 Springfield, IL 6670 Springfield, MA 6710 Springfield, OH 6730 Stamford, CT 6770 Steubenville, OH 6790 Stockton, CA 6850 Syracuse, NY 6910 Taunton, MA 6950 Terre Haute, IN 6970 Toledo, OH 6990 Topeka, KS 7010 Trenton, NJ 7030 Troy, NY 7090 Utica, NY 7120 Vicksburg, MS 7170 Waltham, MA 7210 Warwick Town, RI 7230 Washington, DC 7231 Georgetown, DC 7250 Waterbury, CT 7310 Watertown, NY 7377 Weymouth, MA 7390 Wheeling, WV 7450 Wilkes-Barre, PA 7470 Williamsport, PA 7490 Wilmington, DE 7510 Wilmington, NC 7516 Winona, MN 7532 Woburn, MA 7550 Woonsocket, RI 7570 Worcester, MA 7590 Yonkers, NY 7610 York, PA 7630 Youngstown, OH 7650 Zanesville, OH City. IPUMS City population United States 1880 (100%): All households City population. This is a 5-digit numeric variable with 0 implied decimal places IPUMS Size of place United States 1880 (100%): All households 01 Under 1,000 or unincorporated 02 1,000-2,499 03 2,500-3,999 04 4,000-4,999 05 5,000-9,999 06 10,000-24,999 07 25,000-49,999 08 50,000-74,999 09 75,000-99,999 10 100,000-199,999 20 200,000-299,999 30 300,000-399,999 50 500,000-599,999 70 750,000-999,999 80 1,000,000-1,999,999 Size of place. IPUMS Urban/rural status United States 1880 (100%): All households 1 Rural 2 Urban Urban/rural status. IPUMS Urbanized area United States 1880 (100%): All households 0000 N/A (household does not reside in an urbanized area) 0160 Albany-Schenectady-Troy, NY 0720 Baltimore, MD 1120 Boston, MA 1122 Lowell, MA/NH 1280 Buffalo, NY 1600 Chicago-Gary-Lake, IL 1640 Cincinnati, OH/KY/IN 1680 Cleveland, OH 1840 Columbus, OH 2160 Detroit, MI 3480 Indianapolis, IN 3760 Kansas City, MO-KS 4520 Louisville, KY/IN 5080 Milwaukee, WI 5480 New Haven-Meriden, CT 5560 New Orleans, LA 5600 New York-Northeastern NJ 6160 Philadelphia, PA/NJ 6280 Pittsburgh-Beaver Valley, PA 6480 Providence-Fall River-Pawtucket, MA/RI 6760 Richmond-Petersburg, VA 6840 Rochester, NY 7040 St. Louis, MO-IL 7360 San Francisco-Oakland-Vallejo, CA 7560 Scranton-Wilkes-Barre, PA 8160 Syracuse, NY 8400 Toledo, OH/MI 8840 Washington, DC/MD/VA 9240 Worcester, MA Urbanized area. IPUMS Group quarters status United States 1880 (100%): All households 1 Households under 1970 definition 2 Additional households under 1990 definition 3 Institutions 4 Other group quarters (All Group Quarters in 1960, 1970 and 1980 internal data) 6 Fragment Group quarters status. IPUMS Group quarters type United States 1880 (100%): All group quarters 000 NA (non-group quarters households) 010 Family group, someone related to head 020 Unrelated individuals, no one related to head 501 Household (including co-resident unrelated individuals) formerly in institutional group quarters 502 Employees (and their co-resident relatives) formerly in institutional group quarters 200 Correctional institution 211 Prison 212 Penitentiary 213 Military prison 221 Jail 240 Reformatory 250 Camp or chaingang 260 House of correction 300 Mental institutions 410 Homes for elderly 411 Aged, dependent home 413 Old soldiers home 430 Homes neglected/depend children 431 Orphan school 432 Orphan's home, asylum 440 Other institutions for children 441 Children's home, asylum 450 Physically handicapped homes, schools and hospitals 451 Deaf, blind school 452 Deaf, blind, epilepsy 460 Mentally handicapped homes and schools 461 School for feeblemind 470 TB and other chronic disease hospital 472 Sanataria 480 Poor houses and farms 481 Poor house, almshouse 482 Poor farm, workhouse 492 Homes for widows, single, fallen women 494 Misc asylums 495 Home, other dependent 496 Institution combination or unknown 600 Military 601 U.S. army installation 602 Navy, marine intallation 603 Navy ships 700 College dormitory 701 Military service academies 800 Rooming house 801 Hotel 802 House, lodging apartments 803 YMCA, YWCA 900 Other Non-Instit GQ and unknown 910 Schools 911 Boarding schools 912 Academy, institute 913 Industrial training 920 Hospitals 921 Hospital, charity 922 Infirmary 923 Maternity hospital 924 Children's hospital 931 Church, Abbey 932 Convent 933 Monastery 934 Mission 935 Seminary 936 Religious commune 937 Other religious 940 Work sites 941 Construction, except railroad 942 Lumber 943 Mining 944 Railroad 945 Farms, ranches 946 Ships, boats 947 Other industrial 948 Other worksites 955 Passenger ships 960 Other group quarters 999 Fragment 997 Unknown Group quarters type. IPUMS Group quarters funding United States 1880 (100%): All group quarters 00 N/A 11 Federal support 13 State support 14 Local support 16 Government, not specified 21 Private, nonprofit 22 Private, commercial 23 Religious 24 Ethnic, fraternal 25 Private, unknown 99 Fragment or unknown Group quarters funding. IPUMS Farm status United States 1880 (100%): All households 1 Non-Farm 2 Farm Farm status. IPUMS Microfilm page number United States 1880 (100%): All households Microfilm page number. This is a 4-digit numeric variable with 0 implied decimal places IPUMS Microfilm sequence number United States 1880 (100%): All households 10 10 20 20 30 30 Microfilm sequence number. IPUMS Number of families in household United States 1880 (100%): All sample units 01 1 family or N/A 02 2 families 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 Number of families in household. IPUMS Number of married couples in household United States 1880 (100%): All sample units 0 couples or N/A 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 7 7 8 8 9 9 Number of married couples in household. IPUMS Number of mothers in household United States 1880 (100%): All sample units 0 mothers or N/A 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 7 7 8 8 9 9 Number of mothers in household. IPUMS Number of fathers in household United States 1880 (100%): All sample units 0 fathers or N/A 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 7 7 8 8 9 9 Number of fathers in household. IPUMS Flag for Gq United States 1880 (100%): All households Original entry or Inapplicable (not in universe) 3 Missing Flag for Gq. IPUMS Minor Civil Division code United States 1880 (100%): All households Minor Civil Division code. This is a 5-digit numeric variable with 0 implied decimal places IPUMS Incorporated municipality code United States 1880 (100%): All households Incorporated municipality code. This is a 6-digit numeric variable with 0 implied decimal places IPUMS New England population in minor civil division United States 1880 (100%): All households in the six New England states 0000 0001 1 0002 2 0003 3 0004 4 0005 5 0006 6 0007 7 0008 8 0009 9 0010 10 0011 11 0012 12 0013 13 0014 14 0015 15 0016 16 0017 17 0018 18 0019 19 0020 20 0021 21 0022 22 0023 23 0024 24 0025 25 0026 26 0027 27 0028 28 0029 29 0030 30 0031 31 0032 32 0033 33 0034 34 0035 35 0036 36 0037 37 0038 38 0039 39 0040 40 0041 41 0042 42 0043 43 0044 44 0045 45 0046 46 0047 47 0048 48 0049 49 0050 50 0051 51 0052 52 0053 53 0054 54 0055 55 0056 56 0057 57 0058 58 0059 59 0060 60 0061 61 0062 62 0063 63 0064 64 0065 65 0067 67 0069 69 0070 70 0071 71 0073 73 0074 74 0075 75 0078 78 0080 80 0082 82 0084 84 0086 86 0090 90 0093 93 0095 95 0096 96 0101 101 0105 105 0109 109 0111 111 0112 112 0113 113 0116 116 0117 117 0120 120 0121 121 0124 124 0126 126 0133 133 0135 135 0136 136 0137 137 0138 138 0139 139 0156 156 0160 160 0168 168 0169 169 0183 183 0184 184 0190 190 0193 193 0202 202 0211 211 0212 212 0217 217 0219 219 0249 249 0268 268 0275 275 0291 291 0326 326 0333 333 0338 338 0382 382 0391 391 0425 425 0489 489 0526 526 0582 582 0594 594 0628 628 1048 1048 3628 3628 New England population in minor civil division. IPUMS Population of urban places United States 1880 (100%): All households Population of urban places. This is a 5-digit numeric variable with 0 implied decimal places IPUMS Household Type United States 1880 (100%): All households N/A 1 Married-couple family household 2 Male householder, no wife present 3 Female householder, no husband present 4 Male householder, living alone 5 Male householder, not living alone 6 Female householder, living alone 7 Female householder, not living alone Household Type. IPUMS Country United States 1880 (100%): All households 840 United States Country. IPUMS Number of subfamilies in household United States 1880 (100%): All households except group quarters and vacant units No subfamilies or NIU (not in universe) 1 1 subfamily 2 2 subfamilies 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 Number of subfamilies in household. IPUMS Number of subfamilies in household (alt) United States 1880 (100%): All households except group quarters and vacant units No subfamilies or N/A (GQ/vacant unit) 1 1 subfamily 2 2 subfamilies 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 8 8 Number of subfamilies in household (alt). IPUMS Location of household head United States 1880 (100%): All households 00 Not in universe (i.e., group quarters) 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 29 29 30 30 Location of household head. IPUMS Data quality flag for numperhh United States 1880 (100%): All households Unknown Data quality flag for numperhh. IPUMS Linking key to county-level data in the NHGIS project United States 1880 (100%): All households Linking key to county-level data in the NHGIS project. This is a 7-digit numeric variable with 0 implied decimal places IPUMS Year state county, used to make NHGISJOIN <div class="title"><br />The Census of 1880<br /></div></p> <p><span class="h2">Schedule 1: Free Inhabitants in ____, in the County of ____, State of ____, enumerated by me, on the ____day of ____, 1880.<br /><br />____, Enumerator.</span> United States 1880 (100%): All households Year state county, used to make NHGISJOIN. This is a 10-digit numeric variable with 0 implied decimal places IPUMS State/county, used to make APPAL <span class="h2">Schedule 1: Free Inhabitants in ____, in the County of ____, State of ____, enumerated by me, on the ____day of ____, 1880.<br /><br />____, Enumerator.</span> United States 1880 (100%): All households State/county, used to make APPAL. This is a 6-digit numeric variable with 0 implied decimal places IPUMS Appalachian region United States 1880 (100%): All households 00 Not in Appalachia 11 Northern Applachia 12 North Central Appalachia 20 Central Appalachia 31 South Central Appalachia 32 Southern Appalachia Appalachian region. IPUMS County <span class="h2">Schedule 1: Free Inhabitants in ____, in the County of ____, State of ____, enumerated by me, on the ____day of ____, 1880.<br /><br />____, Enumerator.</span> United States 1880 (100%): All households County. This is a 4-digit numeric variable with 0 implied decimal places IPUMS Household weight United States 1880 (100%): All households 100 100 Household weight. IPUMS Minor Civil Division, alphabetic string United States 1880 (100%): All households Minor Civil Division, alphabetic string. This is a 49-digit numeric variable with 0 implied decimal places IPUMS Incorporated municipality, alphabetic string United States 1880 (100%): All households Incorporated municipality, alphabetic string. This is a 30-digit numeric variable with 0 implied decimal places IPUMS Group quarters, alphabetic string United States 1880 (100%): All group quarters Group quarters, alphabetic string. This is a 100-digit numeric variable with 0 implied decimal places IPUMS Serial number, before large group quarters were split up, 1880 100% United States 1880 (100%): All households Serial number, before large group quarters were split up, 1880 100%. This is a 8-digit numeric variable with 0 implied decimal places IPUMS Metropolitan district status United States 1880 (100%): All households 1 Not Metropolitan District 2 Central City 3 Urbanized Fringe 4 Metropolitan Fringe Metropolitan district status. IPUMS Microfilm reel number United States 1880 (100%): All households Microfilm reel number. This is a 4-digit numeric variable with 0 implied decimal places IPUMS Number of persons in household <svar a="all" v="US80A413 US80A414 US80A415">03. The name of every person whose place of abode on the 1st day of June, 1880, was in this family<br /><br /><div class="i1">_ _ Males<br />_ _ Females</div><br /></svar></p> <p>Note B: All persons will be included in the enumeration who were living on the 1st day of June. No others will. Children born since June 1, 1880 will be omitted. Members of families who have died since June 1, 1880, will be included United States 1880 (100%): All households Number of persons in household. This is a 4-digit numeric variable with 0 implied decimal places IPUMS Line number United States 1880 (100%): All households 000 001 1 002 2 003 3 004 4 005 5 006 6 007 7 008 8 009 9 010 10 011 11 012 12 013 13 014 14 015 15 016 16 017 17 018 18 019 19 020 20 021 21 022 22 023 23 024 24 025 25 026 26 027 27 028 28 029 29 030 30 031 31 032 32 033 33 034 34 035 35 036 36 037 37 038 38 039 39 040 40 041 41 042 42 043 43 044 44 045 45 046 46 047 47 048 48 049 49 050 50 051 51 052 52 053 53 054 54 055 55 056 56 057 57 058 58 059 59 060 60 061 61 062 62 063 63 064 64 065 65 066 66 067 67 068 68 069 69 070 70 071 71 072 72 073 73 074 74 075 75 076 76 077 77 078 78 079 79 080 80 081 81 082 82 083 83 084 84 085 85 086 86 087 87 088 88 089 89 090 90 091 91 092 92 093 93 094 94 095 95 096 96 097 97 098 98 099 99 100 100 Line number. IPUMS Enumeration district <svar a="all" v="US80A007">____ Enumeration district Number<br /></svar> United States 1880 (100%): All households Enumeration district. This is a 4-digit numeric variable with 0 implied decimal places IPUMS Supervisor's district number United States 1880 (100%): All households 007 7 001 1 002 2 003 3 004 4 005 5 006 6 008 8 009 9 010 10 011 11 999 Unknown Supervisor's district number. IPUMS Street address In cities:</p> <div class="i1"><svar a="all" v="US80A009">____ Name of street<br />____ House number<br /></svar><br /><br />01. ____ Dwelling houses numbered in order of visitation<br />02. ____ Families numbered in order of visitation</div> United States 1880 (100%): All households Street address. This is a 32-digit numeric variable with 0 implied decimal places IPUMS Flag for gqfunds United States 1880 (100%): All households Not allocated 3 Missing 4 Allocated Flag for gqfunds. IPUMS Large group quarters that was split up, 1880 100% United States 1880 (100%): All households Person was not in a large group quarters that was split apart 1 Person was in a large group quarters that was split apart Large group quarters that was split up, 1880 100%. IPUMS Person number PERNUM numbers all persons within each household consecutively (starting with "1" for the first person record of each household). When combined with SAMPLE and SERIAL, PERNUM uniquely identifies each person in the IPUMS-International database. PERNUM is a 4-digit numeric variable. IPUMS Person weight PERWT indicates the number of persons in the actual population represented by the person in the sample. For the samples that are truly weighted (see the comparability discussion), PERWT must be used to yield accurate statistics for the population. NOTE: PERWT has 2 implied decimal places. That is, the last two digits of the eight-digit variable are decimal digits, but there is no actual decimal in the data. PERWT is an 8-digit numeric variable with 2 implied decimal places. See the variable description. IPUMS Mother's location in household MOMLOC is a constructed variable that indicates whether or not the person's mother lived in the same household and, if so, gives the person number of the mother (see PERNUM). MOMLOC makes it easy for researchers to link the characteristics of children and their (probable) mothers. The method by which probable child-mother links are identified is described in PARRULE. The general design of MOMLOC and other constructed variables follows the methods developed for IPUMS-USA "Family Interrelationships," but the details vary significantly. For more details on the construction of MOMLOC, see the Comparability section of PARRULE and this paper on IPUMSI family linking methodology. Note: MOMLOC identifies social relationships (such as stepmother and adopted mother) as well as biological relationships. The variable STEPMOM is designed to identify some of these social relationships. To restrict MOMLOC to biological mothers, such as for own children fertility estimation, MOMLOC should be reset to zero when STEPMOM is greater than zero. MOMLOC is a 3-digit numeric variable. Codes0 = No mother of this person present in the household. 1 or higher = The person number of this person's mother IPUMS Father's location in household POPLOC is a constructed variable that indicates whether or not the person's father lived in the same household and, if so, gives the person number of the father (see PERNUM). POPLOC makes it easy for researchers to link the characteristics of children and their (probable) fathers. The method by which probable child-father links are identified is described in PARRULE. The general design of POPLOC and other constructed variables follows the methods developed for IPUMS-USA "Family Interrelationships," but the details vary significantly. For more details on the construction of POPLOC, see the Comparability section of PARRULE and this paper on IPUMSI family linking methodology. Note: POPLOC identifies social relationships (such as stepfather and adopted father) as well as biological relationships. The variable STEPPOP is designed to identify some of these social relationships. To restrict POPLOC to biological mothers, such as for own children fertility estimation, POPLOC should be reset to zero when STEPPOP is greater than zero. POPLOC is a 3-digit numeric variable. Codes0 = No father of this person present in the household. 1 or higher = The person number of this person's father IPUMS Spouse's location in household SPLOC is a constructed variable that indicates whether or not the person's spouse lived in the same household and, if so, gives the person number (PERNUM) of the spouse. SPLOC makes it easy for researchers to link the characteristics of (probable) spouses. The method by which probable spouse-spouse links are identified is described in SPRULE. The general design of SPLOC and other constructed variables is modeled on the methods developed for IPUMS-USA "Family Interrelationships", but the details vary significantly. For more details on the construction of SPLOC, see the Comparability section of SPRULE and this paper on IPUMSI family linking methodology. SPLOC is a 3-digit numeric variable. Codes0 = No spouse of this person present in the household. 1 or higher = The person number of this person's spouse IPUMS Rule for linking spouse (historical) No spouse link 1 Unambiguous adjacent link 2 Unambiguous non-adjacent links -- consistent relationship to head/age differences 3 Weak relationship pairing -- adjacent links 4 Weak relationship pairing -- non-adjacent links SPRULEH explains the criteria by which the variable SPLOC linked the person to a probable spouse for the pre-1950 datasets. Spouse-spouse links are established according to four basic rules, and SPRULEH gives the number of the rule that applied to the link in question. SPRULEH works the same way for all countries. In all countries both partners are required to be age 12 and older and to either have a marital status of married or be the unmarried partner of the household head (see MARST and RELATEH). In addition, both partners were required to share the same surname, except when linking heads to spouses or in the Scandinavian samples where SURSIM does not capture family relationships (e.g. patronymic surnames in Norway and non-reporting of child surnames in Sweden). In some samples, however, we were compelled to customize the links beyond what could be implemented more generally. The codes for SPRULEH are as follows. A lower-numbered rule (greater than 0) takes precedence over a higher numbered rule. All relationship pairings are not available in every sample. Additional conditions were added to the rules for some samples. 0 = No spouse of this person present in household. 1 = A married/in-union woman and a married/in-union man were linked because she immediately followed or preceded him in the dataset and both persons' relationship to the household head (see RELATEH) justified a link, as follows: Head to spouseUnmarried partner to spouseParent to parentParent-in-law to parent-in-lawChild to child-in-lawSibling to sibling-in-law2 = A married woman and a married man who did not appear adjacently on the form were linked because: they had one of the relationship sets listed in rule 1the woman was at least 13 years oldthe man was at least 15 years oldthe man was not more than 25 years older than the woman, ANDthe woman was not more than 10 years older than the man.3 = A married/in-union woman and a married/in-union man were linked because she immediately followed or preceded him in the dataset and both persons' relationship to the household head (RELATEH) suggested a possible pairing and the female spouse was no more than 10 years older or 25 years younger than the male spouse. The possible relationship pairings are as follows: Other relative to other relative (RELATEH codes 1000, 1001, 1061)Non-relative to non-relative (RELATEH codes 1000-1303)Child to other relativeSibling to other relativeGrandchild to grandchild-in-lawGrandparent to grandparent/grandparent-in-law/grandparent-in-lawGrandchild to other relativeAunt to uncleNephew/niece to nephew/nieceCousin to cousinUnknown to unknown; missing to missingHead to unknown or missingChild to unknown or missing4 = Same as rule 3, but the married/in-union woman was not adjacent to the married/in-union man in the data. IPUMS Probable stepmother (historical) No stepmother present 1 Improbable age difference 2 Spouse of father 3 Identified stepmother 5 Identified as adopted STEPMOMH indicates for the pre-1950 datasets whether a person's mother, as identified by MOMLOC, was most probably not the person's biological mother. Non-zero values of STEPMOMH explain why it is probable that the person's mother was a step- or adopted mother. A value of 0 indicates no likely stepmother because (1) the mother identified in MOMLOC was probably the biological mother or (2) there is no mother of this person present in the household. Only persons under age 19 are linked to their mothers. The codes for STEPMOMH are as follows: 0 = Biological mother or no mother of this person present in household. 1 = Age difference between mother and child was less than 12 or greater than 54 years. 2 = Link was established only because the mother was married to father. 3 = Child explicitly identified relationship as stepchild. 5 = Child explicitly identified as adopted. If more than one value applied to the case, the lowest value was assigned. See MOMRULEH for a description of the linking process. Users should note that there are many stepmothers and adopted mothers in the population that cannot be identified with information available in the censuses. Therefore, STEPMOMH will always under-represent their actual number in the population. IPUMS Probable stepfather (historical) No stepfather present 1 Improbable age difference 2 Spouse of mother 3 Identified stepfather 5 Identified as adopted STEPPOPH indicates for the pre-1950 datasets whether a person's father, as identified by POPLOC, was most probably not the person's biological father. Non-zero values of STEPPOPH explain why it is probable that the person's father was a step- or adopted father. A value of 0 indicates no likely stepfather because (1) the father identified in POPLOC was probably the biological father or (2) there is no father of this person present in the household. Only persons under age 19 are linked to their fathers. The codes for STEPPOPH are as follows: 0 = Biological father or no father of this person present in household. 1 = Age difference between father and child was less than 14 years. 2 = Link was established only because the father was married to mother. 3 = Explicitly identified relationship (stepchild). 5 = Explicitly identified relationship (adopted). If more than one value applied to the case, the lowest value was assigned. See POPRULEH for a description of the linking process. Users should note that there are many stepfathers and adopted fathers in the population that cannot be identified with information available in the censuses. Therefore, STEPPOPH will always under-represent their actual number in the population. IPUMS Rule for linking mother (historical) No mother link 1 Unambiguous mother link 2 Daughter/grandchild/greatgrandchild link 3 Ambiguous mother link 7 Spouse of father becomes stepmother MOMRULEH explains the criteria by which the variable MOMLOC linked the person to a probable mother in pre-1950 datasets. Pre-1950 datasets in IPUMS International establish child-mother links according to four basic rules, and MOMRULEH gives the number of the rule that applied to the link in question. MOMRULEH works the same way for all countries. A lower-numbered rule (greater than 0) takes precedence over a higher numbered rule. The codes for MOMRULEH are as follows: 0 = No mother of this person present in the household. 1 = Unambiguous relationship. This rule covers four basic cases, and occurs when the person linked is 10 to 69 years younger than the probable parent. All relationship pairings are not available in every sample. The allowable relationship pairings are as follows: Child linked to head or spouse/unmarried partner of the headHead or sibling linked to parentSpouse or sibling-in-law linked to parent-in-lawChild/child-in-law linked to head or spouse2 = Grandchildren. Potential mothers are females listed as child or child- in-law in RELATE who are 13-49 years older than persons listed as grandchildren and who share the grandchild's surname. If there is more than one potential mother, we used relative positions in the household, age and marital status to decide the link. 3 = Other relatives and non-relatives. Link to a preceding person with a plausible relationship pairing of child-to-mother, where the mother is 13- 49 years older, is ever-married, and shares the child's surname. The mother must immediately precede the child or all intervening persons must also be linked to the mother as spouse or child. No links are made for non-relatives over age 17. Permissible relationship pairings are as follows (child to mother): Nephew/niece to sibling or sibling-in-lawCousin to aunt/uncleOther relative to siblingGrandchild to other relativeOther relative to other relative (RELATEH code 1000, 1001, 1061)Non-relative to non-relative (RELATEH code 1100-1303)7= If the child is already linked to a father (see POPLOC and POPRULEH), and that father has a wife present in the household who has not been linked to the child by another rule, the wife is linked to the child as a stepmother, regardless of the age gap between child and the stepmother. Consistency checks: If a husband and wife were both linked to the same mother, historic samples chose the best mother link based on detailed relationship (RELATEH) and proximity within the household. If a person is linked to two parents who are not linked to each other, remove one of the parental links on the basis of proximity within the household. IPUMS Rule for linking father (historical) No father link 1 Unambiguous father link 2 Son/granchild/greatgrandchild link 3 Ambiguous father link 7 Husband of mother becomes stepfather POPRULEH explains the criteria by which the variable POPLOC linked the person to a probable father in pre-1950 datasets. In the pre-1950 datasets, child-father links were established according to four basic rules, and POPRULEH gives the number of the rule that applied to the link in question. POPRULEH works the same way for all countries. A lower-numbered rule (greater than 0) takes precedence over a higher numbered rule. The codes for POPRULEH are as follows: 0 = No father of this person present in the household. 1 = Unambiguous relationship. This rule covers four basic cases, and occurs when the person linked is 10 to 69 years younger than the probable parent. All relationship pairings are not available in every sample. The allowable relationship pairings are as follows: Child linked to head or spouse/unmarried partner of the headHead or sibling linked to parentSpouse or sibling-in-law linked to parent-in-lawChild/child-in-law linked to head or spouse2 = Grandchildren. Potential fathers are males listed as child or child-in- law in RELATE 13-79 years older than persons listed as grandchildren and who share the grandchild's surname. If there is more than one potential father, we used relative positions in the household, age and marital status to decide the link. 3 = Other relatives and nonrelatives. Link to a preceding person with a plausible relationship pairing of child-to-father, where the father is 13-79 years older, is ever-married, and shares the child's surname. The father must immediately precede the child or all intervening persons must also be linked to the father as spouse or child. Permissible relationship pairings are as follows (child to father): Nephew/niece to sibling or sibling-in-lawCousin to aunt/uncleOther relative to siblingGrandchild to other relativeOther relative to other relative (RELATEH code 1000, 1001, 1061)Non-relative to non-relative (RELATEH code 1100-1303)7 = If a child is linked to a mother (see MOMLOC and MOMRULEH), and that mother is linked to a husband who has not been linked to the child by another rule, the husband is linked to the child as a stepfather, regardless of the age gap between child and husband. Consistency checks: If a husband and wife were both linked to the same father, the best father link was chosen based on detailed relationship (RELATEH) and proximity within the household. If a person is linked to two parents who are not linked to each other, remove one of the parental links on the basis of proximity within the household. IPUMS Family unit membership FAMUNIT is a constructed variable indicating to which family within the household a person belongs. All persons related to the household head receive a 1 (see RELATE). Each secondary family or secondary individual receives a higher code. For purposes of FAMUNIT, secondary families are individuals or groups of persons linked together by the IPUMS constructed pointer variables SPLOC, MOMLOC, and POPLOC (location of spouse, mother, and father). FAMUNIT is a 4-digit numeric variable. CodesIf there is only one group of related individuals within the household, all of them will be coded "1;" if there is a second, separate such group listed on the form, all of them will be coded "2," and so on. IPUMS Number of own family members in household 0001 1 family member present 0002 2 family members present 0003 3 family members present 0004 4 0005 5 0006 6 0007 7 0008 8 0009 9 0010 10 0011 11 0012 12 0013 13 0014 14 0015 15 0016 16 0017 17 0018 18 0019 19 0020 20 0021 21 0022 22 0023 23 0024 24 0025 25 0026 26 0027 27 0028 28 0029 29 0030 30 0031 31 0032 32 0033 33 0034 34 0035 35 0036 36 0037 37 0038 38 0039 39 0040 40 0041 41 0042 42 0043 43 0044 44 0045 45 0046 46 0047 47 0048 48 0049 49 0050 50 0051 51 0052 52 0053 53 0054 54 0055 55 0056 56 0057 57 0058 58 0059 59 0060 60 0061 61 0062 62 0063 63 0064 64 0065 65 0066 66 0067 67 0068 68 0069 69 0070 70 0071 71 0072 72 0073 73 0074 74 0075 75 0076 76 0077 77 0078 78 0079 79 0080 80 0081 81 0082 82 0083 83 0084 84 0085 85 0086 86 0087 87 0088 88 0089 89 0090 90 0091 91 0092 92 0093 93 0094 94 0095 95 0096 96 0097 97 0098 98 0099 99 or more persons FAMSIZE counts the number of the person's own family members living in the household with her/him, including the person her/himself. These include all persons related to the person by blood, adoption, or marriage as indicated by the census forms or inferred from them. FAMSIZE is calculated from the units identified in the IPUMS constructed variable FAMUNIT (family unit membership). The primary family is defined as all persons related to the head in the RELATE variable. Secondary families are individuals or groups of persons linked together by the IPUMS constructed pointer variables SPLOC, MOMLOC, and POPLOC (location of spouse, mother, and father). IPUMS Number of own children in household 00 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 or more children in household NCHILD provides a count of the person's own children living in the household with her or him. These include all children linked to the person via the constructed IPUMS pointer variables MOMLOC or POPLOC -- mother's and father's location in the household. IPUMS Number of own children under age 5 in household 00 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 or more own children under age 5 in household 98 One or more children have unknown age NCHLT5 provides a count of the person's own children under age five living in the household with her or him. These include all children linked to the person via the constructed IPUMS pointer variables MOMLOC or POPLOC -- mother's and father's location in the household. IPUMS Age of eldest own child in household 00 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 or older 98 One or more children have unknown age 99 No own child in household ELDCH gives the age of the person's oldest own child living in the household with her or him. These include all children linked to the person via the constructed IPUMS pointer variables MOMLOC or POPLOC -- mother's and father's location in the household. ELDCH is top-coded at age 50 or older. IPUMS Age of youngest own child in household 00 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 or older 98 One or more children have unknown age 99 No own child in household YNGCH gives the age of the person's youngest own child living in the household with her or him. These include all children linked to the person via the constructed IPUMS pointer variables MOMLOC or POPLOC -- mother's and father's location in the household. YNGCH is top-coded at age 50 or older. IPUMS Number of own siblings in household 00 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 or more NSIBS counts the number of the person's own siblings (including half- siblings) living in the household with her/him. NSIBS is generally based on information contained in RELATE (Relationship to household head). Persons with no siblings present are coded "0." IPUMS Number of generations in family unit 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 or more NUMGEN describes the number of generations in a given family unit. (See the documentation for FAMUNIT). For example, a family unit comprised of parents and children has a NUMGEN of 2. A family unit which has co-resident grandparents, parents and children has a NUMGEN of 3. A family unit with only grandparents and grandchildren has a NUMGEN of 2, as the intervening generation is not resident. IPUMS Relationship to household head [general version] 1 Head 2 Spouse/partner 3 Child 4 Other relative 5 Non-relative 6 Other relative or non-relative 9 Unknown RELATE describes the relationship of the individual to the head of household (sometimes called the householder or reference person). IPUMS Relationship to household head [detailed version] 1000 Head 2000 Spouse/partner 2100 Spouse 2200 Unmarried partner 2210 Civil union 2300 Same-sex spouse/partner 3000 Child 3100 Biological child 3200 Adopted child 3300 Stepchild 3400 Child/child-in-law 3500 Child/child-in-law/grandchild 3600 Child of unmarried partner 4000 Other relative 4100 Grandchild 4110 Grandchild or great grandchild 4120 Great grandchild 4130 Great-great grandchild 4200 Parent/parent-in-law 4210 Parent 4211 Stepparent 4220 Parent-in-law 4300 Child-in-law 4301 Daughter-in-law 4302 Spouse/partner of child 4310 Unmarried partner of child 4400 Sibling/sibling-in-law 4410 Sibling 4420 Stepsibling 4430 Sibling-in-law 4431 Sibling of spouse/partner 4432 Spouse/partner of sibling 4500 Grandparent 4510 Great grandparent 4600 Parent/grandparent/ascendant 4700 Aunt/uncle 4800 Other specified relative 4810 Nephew/niece 4820 Cousin 4830 Sibling's sibling-in-law 4900 Other relative, not elsewhere classified 4910 Other relative with same family name 4920 Other relative with different family name 4930 Other relative, not specified (secondary family) 5000 Non-relative 5100 Friend/guest/visitor/partner 5110 Partner/friend 5111 Friend 5112 Partner/roommate 5113 Housemate/roommate 5120 Visitor 5130 Ex-spouse 5140 Godparent 5150 Godchild 5200 Employee 5210 Domestic employee 5220 Relative of employee, n.s. 5221 Spouse of servant 5222 Child of servant 5223 Other relative of servant 5300 Roomer/boarder/lodger/foster child 5310 Boarder 5311 Boarder or guest 5320 Lodger 5330 Foster child 5340 Tutored/foster child 5350 Tutored child 5400 Employee, boarder, or guest 5500 Other specified non-relative 5510 Agregado 5520 Temporary resident, guest 5600 Group quarters 5610 Group quarters, non-inmates 5620 Institutional inmates 5900 Non-relative, n.e.c. 6000 Other relative or non-relative 9999 Unknown RELATE describes the relationship of the individual to the head of household (sometimes called the householder or reference person). IPUMS Relationship to household head, historical 0101 Head/householder 0201 Spouse 0202 2nd/3rd wife (polygamous) 0203 Concubine/mistress 0204 Fiance/fiancee 0301 Child 0302 Adopted Child 0303 Stepchild 0304 Adopted, n.s. 0305 Adopted/fostered child (Great Britain) 0306 Fostered child 0401 Child-in-law 0402 Step child-in-law 0501 Parent 0502 Stepparent 0503 Adoptive parent 0601 Parent-in-law 0602 Stepparent-in-law 0603 Retired people with special benefits from farm (karfolk) 0701 Sibling 0702 Step/half/adopted sibling 0703 Step sibling 0704 Half-sibling 0801 Sibling-in-Law 0802 Step/half sibling-in-law 0901 Grandchild 0902 Adopted grandchild 0903 Step grandchild 0904 Grandchild-in-law 1000 Other Relatives: 1001 Other relatives, n.s. 1011 Grandparent 1012 Step grandparent 1013 Grandparent-in-law 1021 Aunt or uncle 1022 Aunt,uncle-in-law 1023 Step aunt or uncle 1024 Great aunt or uncle 1031 Nephew, niece 1032 Nephew/niece-in-law 1033 Step/adopted nephew/niece 1034 Grand niece/nephew 1035 Step nephew/niece 1036 Adopted nephew/niece 1037 Grand step nephew/niece 1038 Grand nephew/niece in law 1041 Cousin 1042 Cousin-in-law 1043 First cousin 1044 Second cousin 1045 Step cousin 1051 Great grandchild 1061 Other relatives, n.e.c. 1100 Partner, friend, visitor 1110 Partner/friend 1111 Friend 1112 Partner 1113 Partner/roommate (1960/70 residual category for other non-relatives) 1114 Unmarried partner 1115 Housemate/roommate 1120 Relative of partner 1131 Visitor 1132 Companion and companion's family 1139 Allocated partner/friend/visitor 1201 Roomers/boarders/lodgers 1202 Boarders 1203 Lodgers 1204 Roomer 1205 Tenant 1207 Poor or receiver of charity by head of household 1208 Pauper staying with others at expense of municipality 1209 Illicit Vagrant 1210 Employees: 1211 Servant 1212 Housekeeper 1213 Maid 1214 Cook 1215 Nurse 1216 Other probable domestic employee 1217 Other employees 1218 Employees of guests 1219 Relative of employee 1221 Military 1222 Students 1223 Members of religious orders 1224 Harim (Egypt) 1225 Slave (Egypt) 1226 Child of slave (Egypt) 1230 Other non-relatives 1239 Allocated other non-relative 1301 Institutional inmates 1302 Families of inmates 1303 Foundlings/orphans 9999 Unknown RELATEH is the NAPP version of the RELATE variable, which describes an individual's relationship to the head of household. This variable is largely compatible with the IPUMS-International variable RELATE, though some changes have been made. The relationship codes are divided into two categories-relatives (codes 1- 10) and non-relatives (codes 11-12). The codes for relatives are self- explanatory. The non-relative codes are divided into three groups: "Partner, friend, visitor", roughly described as persons who do not pay or work for their accommodations (unless they share ownership); "Other non-relatives", including those persons paying or working for accommodations; and "Institutional inmates". IPUMS Age 000 Less than 1 year 001 1 year 002 2 years 003 3 004 4 005 5 006 6 007 7 008 8 009 9 010 10 011 11 012 12 013 13 014 14 015 15 016 16 017 17 018 18 019 19 020 20 021 21 022 22 023 23 024 24 025 25 026 26 027 27 028 28 029 29 030 30 031 31 032 32 033 33 034 34 035 35 036 36 037 37 038 38 039 39 040 40 041 41 042 42 043 43 044 44 045 45 046 46 047 47 048 48 049 49 050 50 051 51 052 52 053 53 054 54 055 55 056 56 057 57 058 58 059 59 060 60 061 61 062 62 063 63 064 64 065 65 066 66 067 67 068 68 069 69 070 70 071 71 072 72 073 73 074 74 075 75 076 76 077 77 078 78 079 79 080 80 081 81 082 82 083 83 084 84 085 85 086 86 087 87 088 88 089 89 090 90 091 91 092 92 093 93 094 94 095 95 096 96 097 97 098 98 099 99 100 100+ 999 Not reported/missing AGE gives age in years as of the person's last birthday prior to or on the day of enumeration. IPUMS Sex 1 Male 2 Female 9 Unknown SEX reports the sex (gender) of the respondent. IPUMS Marital status [general version] NIU (not in universe) 1 Single/never married 2 Married/in union 3 Separated/divorced/spouse absent 4 Widowed 9 Unknown/missing MARST describes the person's current marital status according to law or custom. Individuals who remarried should report the status relevant to their most recent marriage. Census instructions rarely explicitly limit marital status to strictly legal unions. Note regarding universe: The lowest age at which a person can be anything but "never married" varies among samples. IPUMS Marital status [detailed version] 000 NIU (not in universe) 100 Single/never married 110 Engaged 111 Never married and never cohabited 200 Married or consensual union 210 Married, formally 211 Married, civil 212 Married, religious 213 Married, civil and religious 214 Married, civil or religious 215 Married, traditional/customary 216 Married, monogamous 217 Married, polygamous 219 Married, spouse absent (historical samples) 220 Consensual union 300 Separated/divorced/spouse absent 310 Separated or divorced 320 Separated or annulled 330 Separated 331 Separated legally 332 Separated de facto 333 Separated from marriage 334 Separated from consensual union 335 Separated from consensual union or marriage 340 Annulled 350 Divorced 400 Widowed 410 Widowed or divorced 411 Widowed from consensual union or marriage 412 Widowed from marriage 413 Widowed from consensual union 420 Widowed, divorced, or separated 999 Unknown/missing MARST describes the person's current marital status according to law or custom. Individuals who remarried should report the status relevant to their most recent marriage. Census instructions rarely explicitly limit marital status to strictly legal unions. Note regarding universe: The lowest age at which a person can be anything but "never married" varies among samples. IPUMS Year of birth 0000 NIU (not in universe) 1628 1628 1629 1629 1630 1630 1631 1631 1634 1634 1635 1635 1636 1636 1637 1637 1638 1638 1639 1639 1640 1640 1641 1641 1642 1642 1643 1643 1644 1644 1645 1645 1646 1646 1647 1647 1648 1648 1649 1649 1650 1650 1651 1651 1652 1652 1653 1653 1654 1654 1655 1655 1656 1656 1657 1657 1658 1658 1659 1659 1660 1660 1661 1661 1662 1662 1663 1663 1664 1664 1665 1665 1666 1666 1667 1667 1668 1668 1669 1669 1670 1670 1671 1671 1672 1672 1673 1673 1674 1674 1675 1675 1676 1676 1677 1677 1678 1678 1679 1679 1680 1680 1681 1681 1682 1682 1683 1683 1684 1684 1685 1685 1686 1686 1687 1687 1688 1688 1689 1689 1690 1690 1691 1691 1692 1692 1693 1693 1694 1694 1695 1695 1696 1696 1697 1697 1698 1698 1699 1699 1700 1700 1701 1701 1702 1702 1703 1703 1704 1704 1705 1705 1706 1706 1707 1707 1708 1708 1709 1709 1710 1710 1711 1711 1712 1712 1713 1713 1714 1714 1715 1715 1716 1716 1717 1717 1718 1718 1719 1719 1720 1720 1721 1721 1722 1722 1723 1723 1724 1724 1725 1725 1726 1726 1727 1727 1728 1728 1729 1729 1730 1730 1731 1731 1732 1732 1733 1733 1734 1734 1735 1735 1736 1736 1737 1737 1738 1738 1739 1739 1740 1740 1741 1741 1742 1742 1743 1743 1744 1744 1745 1745 1746 1746 1747 1747 1748 1748 1749 1749 1750 1750 1751 1751 1752 1752 1753 1753 1754 1754 1755 1755 1756 1756 1757 1757 1758 1758 1759 1759 1760 1760 1761 1761 1762 1762 1763 1763 1764 1764 1765 1765 1766 1766 1767 1767 1768 1768 1769 1769 1770 1770 1771 1771 1772 1772 1773 1773 1774 1774 1775 1775 1776 1776 1777 1777 1778 1778 1779 1779 1780 1780 1781 1781 1782 1782 1783 1783 1784 1784 1785 1785 1786 1786 1787 1787 1788 1788 1789 1789 1790 1790 1791 1791 1792 1792 1793 1793 1794 1794 1795 1795 1796 1796 1797 1797 1798 1798 1799 1799 1800 1800 1801 1801 1802 1802 1803 1803 1804 1804 1805 1805 1806 1806 1807 1807 1808 1808 1809 1809 1810 1810 1811 1811 1812 1812 1813 1813 1814 1814 1815 1815 1816 1816 1817 1817 1818 1818 1819 1819 1820 1820 1821 1821 1822 1822 1823 1823 1824 1824 1825 1825 1826 1826 1827 1827 1828 1828 1829 1829 1830 1830 1831 1831 1832 1832 1833 1833 1834 1834 1835 1835 1836 1836 1837 1837 1838 1838 1839 1839 1840 1840 1841 1841 1842 1842 1843 1843 1844 1844 1845 1845 1846 1846 1847 1847 1848 1848 1849 1849 1850 1850 1851 1851 1852 1852 1853 1853 1854 1854 1855 1855 1856 1856 1857 1857 1858 1858 1859 1859 1860 1860 1861 1861 1862 1862 1863 1863 1864 1864 1865 1865 1866 1866 1867 1867 1868 1868 1869 1869 1870 1870 1871 1871 1872 1872 1873 1873 1874 1874 1875 1875 1876 1876 1877 1877 1878 1878 1879 1879 1880 1880 1881 1881 1882 1882 1883 1883 1884 1884 1885 1885 1886 1886 1887 1887 1888 1888 1889 1889 1890 1890 1891 1891 1892 1892 1893 1893 1894 1894 1895 1895 1896 1896 1897 1897 1898 1898 1899 1899 1900 1900 1901 1901 1902 1902 1903 1903 1904 1904 1905 1905 1906 1906 1907 1907 1908 1908 1909 1909 1910 1910 1911 1911 1912 1912 1913 1913 1914 1914 1915 1915 1916 1916 1917 1917 1918 1918 1919 1919 1920 1920 1921 1921 1922 1922 1923 1923 1924 1924 1925 1925 1926 1926 1927 1927 1928 1928 1929 1929 1930 1930 1931 1931 1932 1932 1933 1933 1934 1934 1935 1935 1936 1936 1937 1937 1938 1938 1939 1939 1940 1940 1941 1941 1942 1942 1943 1943 1944 1944 1945 1945 1946 1946 1947 1947 1948 1948 1949 1949 1950 1950 1951 1951 1952 1952 1953 1953 1954 1954 1955 1955 1956 1956 1957 1957 1958 1958 1959 1959 1960 1960 1961 1961 1962 1962 1963 1963 1964 1964 1965 1965 1966 1966 1967 1967 1968 1968 1969 1969 1970 1970 1971 1971 1972 1972 1973 1973 1974 1974 1975 1975 1976 1976 1977 1977 1978 1978 1979 1979 1980 1980 1981 1981 1982 1982 1983 1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 1988 1988 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2005 2006 2006 2007 2007 2008 2008 2009 2009 2010 2010 2011 2011 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 2015 2015 2016 2016 2017 2017 2018 2018 2019 2019 2020 2020 9999 Unknown BIRTHYR gives the person's year of birth. IPUMS Month of birth 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December 98 Unknown 99 NIU (not in universe) BIRTHMO indicates the person's month of birth. IPUMS Age in months 00 Less than 1 month old 01 1 month old 02 2 months old 03 3 months old 04 4 months old 05 5 months old 06 6 months old 07 7 months old 08 8 months old 09 9 months old 10 10 months old 11 11 months old 98 Unknown 99 NIU (1 year and older) AGEMONTH gives the age in months of persons younger than one year old (AGE =0) on census day. IPUMS Married within the past year 1 Blank (No) 2 Yes 9 Unknown MARRINYR identifies persons who had married within the 12 months preceding June 1. IPUMS Nativity status NIU (not in universe) 1 Native-born 2 Foreign-born 9 Unknown/missing NATIVITY indicates whether the person was native-born or foreign-born. IPUMS Country of birth 00000 NIU (not in universe) 10000 Africa 11000 Eastern Africa 11005 British Indian Ocean Territory 11010 Burundi 11020 Comoros 11030 Djibouti 11040 Eritrea 11050 Ethiopia 11051 Ethiopia (including Eritrea) 11060 Kenya 11070 Madagascar 11080 Malawi 11090 Mauritius 11100 Mozambique 11110 Reunion 11120 Rwanda 11130 Seychelles 11140 Somalia 11150 South Sudan 11160 Uganda 11170 Tanzania 11180 Zambia 11190 Zimbabwe 11999 Eastern Africa, other or n.s. 12000 Middle Africa 12010 Angola 12020 Cameroon 12030 Central African Republic 12040 Chad 12050 Congo (Republic of) 12060 Democratic Republic of Congo 12070 Equatorial Guinea 12080 Gabon 12090 Sao Tome and Principe 12999 Middle Africa, other or n.s. 13000 Northern Africa 13010 Algeria 13011 Algeria/Tunisia 13020 Egypt 13021 Egypt/Sudan 13030 Libya 13040 Morocco 13050 Sudan 13060 Tunisia 13070 Western Sahara 13999 Northern Africa, other or n.s. 14000 Southern Africa 14010 Botswana 14020 Lesotho 14030 Namibia 14040 South Africa 14050 Swaziland 14999 Southern Africa, other or n.s. 15000 Western Africa 15010 Benin 15020 Burkina Faso 15021 Upper Volta 15030 Cape Verde 15040 Ivory Coast 15050 Gambia 15060 Ghana 15070 Guinea 15080 Guinea-Bissau 15081 Guinea-Bissau and Cape Verde 15090 Liberia 15100 Mali 15110 Mauritania 15120 Niger 15130 Nigeria 15140 St. Helena and Ascension 15150 Senegal 15160 Sierra Leone 15170 Togo 15180 Canary Islands 15999 West Africa, other or n.s. 19999 Africa, other or n.s. 20000 Americas 21000 Caribbean 21010 Anguilla 21020 Antigua-Barbuda 21030 Aruba 21040 Bahamas 21050 Barbados 21060 British Virgin Islands 21070 Cayman Isles 21080 Cuba 21090 Dominica 21100 Dominican Republic 21110 Grenada 21120 Guadeloupe 21130 Haiti 21140 Jamaica 21150 Martinique 21160 Montserrat 21170 Netherlands Antilles 21180 Puerto Rico 21190 St. Kitts-Nevis 21200 St. Croix 21210 St. John 21220 St. Lucia 21230 St Thomas 21240 St. Vincent 21250 Trinidad and Tobago 21260 Turks and Caicos 21270 U.S. Virgin Islands 21991 Caribbean commonwealth, n.s. 21999 Caribbean, other or n.s. 22000 Central America 22010 Belize/British Honduras 22020 Costa Rica 22030 El Salvador 22040 Guatemala 22050 Honduras 22060 Mexico 22070 Nicaragua 22080 Panama 22081 Panama Canal Zone 22999 Central America, other or n.s. 23000 South America 23010 Argentina 23020 Bolivia 23030 Brazil 23040 Chile 23050 Colombia 23060 Ecuador 23070 Falkland Islands 23080 French Guiana 23090 Guyana/British Guiana 23100 Paraguay 23110 Peru 23120 Suriname 23130 Uruguay 23140 Venezuela 23999 South America, other or n.s. 24000 North America 24010 Bermuda 24020 Canada 24030 Greenland 24040 United States 24999 North America, other or n.s. 29999 Americas, other or n.s. 30000 Asia 31000 Eastern Asia 31010 China 31011 Hong Kong 31012 Macau 31013 Taiwan 31020 Japan 31030 Korea 31031 Korea, DPR (North) 31032 Korea, RO (South) 31040 Mongolia 31999 Eastern Asia, other or n.s. 32000 South-Central Asia 32010 Afghanistan 32020 Bangladesh 32030 Bhutan 32040 India 32041 India/Pakistan 32042 India/Pakistan/Bangladesh/Sri Lanka 32050 Iran 32060 Kazakhstan 32070 Kyrgyzstan 32080 Maldives 32090 Nepal 32100 Pakistan 32101 Pakistan/Bangladesh 32110 Sri Lanka (Ceylon) 32120 Tajikistan 32130 Turkmenistan 32140 Uzbekistan 32999 South-Central Asia, other or n.s. 33000 South-Eastern Asia 33010 Brunei 33020 Cambodia (Kampuchea) 33030 East Timor 33040 Indonesia 33050 Laos 33060 Malaysia 33070 Myanmar (Burma) 33080 Philippines 33090 Singapore 33100 Thailand 33110 Vietnam 33999 South-Eastern Asia, other or n.s. 34000 Western Asia 34010 Armenia 34020 Azerbaijan 34030 Bahrain 34040 Cyprus 34050 Georgia 34051 Abkhazia 34052 South Ossetia 34060 Iraq 34070 Israel 34071 Israel/Palestine 34080 Jordan 34090 Kuwait 34100 Lebanon 34110 Palestine 34111 West Bank 34112 Gaza Strip 34120 Oman 34130 Qatar 34140 Saudi Arabia 34150 Syria 34151 Syria/Lebanon 34160 Turkey 34170 United Arab Emirates 34180 Yemen 34991 Middle East 34999 Western Asia, other or n.s. 39999 Asia, other or n.s. 40000 Europe 41000 Eastern Europe 41010 Belarus 41020 Bulgaria 41021 Bulgaria/Greece 41030 Czech Republic/Czechoslovakia 41040 Hungary 41050 Poland 41060 Moldova 41070 Romania 41080 Russia/USSR 41090 Slovakia 41100 Ukraine 41991 Albania, Bulgaria, Czech, Hungary, Romania, Yugoslavia 41992 Central-Eastern Europe 41999 Eastern Europe, other or n.s. 42000 Northern Europe 42010 Denmark 42020 Estonia 42030 Faroe Islands 42040 Finland 42050 Iceland 42060 Ireland 42070 Latvia 42080 Lithuania 42090 Norway 42100 Svalbard and Jan Mayen Islands 42110 Sweden 42120 United Kingdom 42999 Northern Europe, other or n.s. 43000 Southern Europe 43010 Albania 43020 Andorra 43030 Bosnia and Herzegovina 43040 Croatia 43050 Gibraltar 43060 Greece 43070 Italy 43071 Vatican City 43080 Malta 43090 Portugal 43100 San Marino 43110 Slovenia 43120 Spain 43121 Spain/Portugal 43130 Macedonia 43140 Yugoslavia 43141 Montenegro 43142 Serbia 43143 Kosovo 43144 Serbia and Montenegro 43991 Gibraltar/Malta 43992 Portugal/Greece 43993 Italy, Holy See, San Marino 43999 Southern Europe, other or n.s. 44000 Western Europe 44010 Austria 44020 Belgium 44021 Belgium/Luxemburg 44022 Belgium/Netherlands/Luxemburg 44030 France 44040 Germany 44042 West Germany 44043 Germany/Austria 44044 Mecklenburg-Schwerin 44050 Liechtenstein 44060 Luxembourg 44070 Monaco 44080 Netherlands 44090 Switzerland 44991 Belgium, Denmark, Luxembourg, Netherlands 44999 Western Europe, other or n.s. 49992 European Union 49993 European Union (original 15) 49994 Other European Union (not original 15) 49999 Europe, other or n.s. 50000 Oceania 51000 Australia and New Zealand 51010 Australia 51020 New Zealand 51030 Norfolk Islands 51999 Australia and New Zealand, n.s. 52000 Melanesia 52010 Fiji 52020 New Caledonia 52030 Papua New Guinea 52040 Solomon Islands 52050 Vanuatu (New Hebrides) 52999 Melanesia, n.s. 53000 Micronesia 53010 Kiribati 53020 Marshall Islands 53030 Nauru 53040 Northern Mariana Isls. 53050 Palau 53060 Federated States of Micronesia 53999 Micronesia, other or n.s. 54000 Polynesia 54010 Cook Islands 54020 French Polynesia 54030 Niue 54040 Pitcairn Island 54050 Western Samoa 54060 Eastern Samoa 54070 Tokelau 54080 Tonga 54090 Tuvalu 54100 Wallis and Futuna Isls. 54999 Polynesia, other or n.s. 55000 U.S. Pacific Possessions 55010 American Samoa 55020 Baker Island 55030 Guam 55040 Howland Island 55050 Johnston Atoll 55060 Kingman Reef 55070 Midway Islands 55080 Wake Island 55999 US Pacific, other or n.s. 59999 Oceania, other or n.s. 80000 AT SEA 90000 Other countries n.s. 99999 Unknown BPLCOUNTRY indicates the person's country of birth. IPUMS State of birth, United States 01 Alabama 02 Alaska 04 Arizona 05 Arkansas 06 California 08 Colorado 09 Connecticut 10 Delaware 11 District of Columbia 12 Florida 13 Georgia 15 Hawaii 16 Idaho 17 Illinois 18 Indiana 19 Iowa 20 Kansas 21 Kentucky 22 Louisiana 23 Maine 24 Maryland 25 Massachusetts 26 Michigan 27 Minnesota 28 Mississippi 29 Missouri 30 Montana 31 Nebraska 32 Nevada 33 New Hampshire 34 New Jersey 35 New Mexico 36 New York 37 North Carolina 38 North Dakota 39 Ohio 40 Oklahoma 41 Oregon 42 Pennsylvania 44 Rhode Island 45 South Carolina 46 South Dakota 47 Tennessee 48 Texas 49 Utah 50 Vermont 51 Virginia 53 Washington 54 West Virginia 55 Wisconsin 56 Wyoming 60 United States, n.s. 98 Foreign-born 99 Unknown BPLUS indicates the person's state of birth within the United States. IPUMS Immigrant generation 10 Native-Born 11 Both parents native-born 12 Father foreign, mother native 13 Mother foreign, father native 14 Both parents foreign 20 Foreign-born 99 Unknown GENERATION identifies the respondent as foreign-born, native-born, or native of foreign parentage. The variable is constructed from responses to country of birth and parental country of birth. IPUMS Father's country of birth 10000 AFRICA 11000 British Indian Ocean Territory 11050 Ethiopia 11070 Madagascar 11090 Mauritius 11100 Mozambique 12020 Cameroon 12050 Congo 13000 Northern Africa 13010 Algeria 13020 Egypt/ United Arab Rep. 13030 Libya 13040 Morocco 13050 Sudan 13060 Tunisia 14000 Southern Africa 14040 South Africa (Union of) 14050 Botswana 14060 Zimbabwe 14999 Southern Africa,n.s. 15020 Burkina Faso 15030 Cape Verde 15070 Guinea 15090 Liberia 15100 Mali 15130 Nigeria 15140 St. Helena and Ascension 15160 SierraLeone 15170 French West Africa, n.s. 15999 Western Africa,n.s. 19999 Africa, n.s./n.e.c. 21000 Caribbean 21001 West Indies 21004 Other West Indies 21005 Curacao 21006 St. Eustatius 21007 Dutch Caribbean, n.s. 21008 French St. Maarten 21009 Guadeloupe 21010 Martinique 21011 St. Barthelemy 21012 French Caribbean, n.s. 21013 Caribbean, n.s. 21014 WestIndies, n.s. 21100 Dominican Republic 21130 Haiti 21140 Jamaica 21020 Antigua-Barbuda 21040 Bahamas 21050 Barbados 21070 Cayman Isles 21080 Cuba 21090 Dominica 21110 Grenada 21190 St. Kitts-Nevis 21200 St. Lucia 21210 St. Vincent 21220 Trinidad and Tobago 21230 Turks and Caicos 22000 Central America 22010 Belize/British Honduras 22020 Costa Rica 22030 El Salvador 22040 Guatemala 22050 Honduras 22060 Mexico 22070 Nicaragua 22080 Panama 23000 South America 23010 Argentina 23020 Bolivia 23030 Brazil 23040 Chile 23050 Colombia 23060 Ecuador 23070 Falkland Islands 23080 French Guiana 23090 Guyana/British Guiana 23100 Paraguay 23110 Peru 23120 Suriname 23130 Uruguay 23140 Venezuela 23999 South America,n.s. 24000 North America 24010 Bermuda 24020 CANADA 24021 British Columbia 24022 Manitoba 24023 New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, and Prince Edward Island 24024 Alberta 24025 Ontario/ Upper Canada 24026 Saskatchewan 24027 Quebec 24028 Northwest 24029 Newfoundland and Labrador 24030 Greenland 24040 UNITED STATES 24041 U.S. Outlying Areas and Territories 31000 EastAsia,n.s. 31010 China 31011 HongKong 31012 Macau 31013 Taiwan 31020 Japan 31030 Korea 31032 South Korea 32000 South Asia, n.e.c. 32010 Afghanistan 32020 Bangladesh 32030 Bhutan 32040 India 32050 Iran 32100 Pakistan 32110 Sri Lanka(Ceylon) 33040 Indonesia 33060 Malaysia 33070 Burma (Myanmar) 33080 Philippines 33090 Singapore 33100 Thailand 33110 Vietnam 34010 Armenia 34040 Cyprus 34060 Iraq/ Saudi Arabia 34070 Israel/ Palestine 34080 Jordan 34100 Lebanon 34110 Palestine 34150 Syria 34160 Turkey 34000 Middle East, n.s. 33999 South-Eastern Asia 39999 Asia, n.s. 41000 Eastern Europe, n.s. 41020 Bulgaria 41030 Czechoslovakia 41090 Slovakia 41040 Hungary 41050 Poland 41070 Romania 41080 USSR/Russia 41100 Ukraine 42000 Northern Europe, n.s. 42010 Denmark 42020 Estonia 42030 Faroe Islands 42040 Finland 42050 Iceland 42060 Ireland 42070 Latvia 42080 Lithuania 42090 Norway 42100 Svalbard 42110 Sweden 42120 United Kingdom, n.s. 42121 England 42122 Channel Islands 42123 Guernsey 42124 Jersey 42125 Isle of Man 42126 Scotland 42127 Wales 42128 Isle of Wight 43030 Bosnia 43040 Croatia 43110 Slovonia 43140 Yugoslavia 43141 Montenegro 43142 Serbia 44020 Belgium 44030 France 44031 Alsace-Lorraine 44032 Alsace 44033 Lorraine 44050 Liechtenstein 44060 Luxembourg 44070 Monaco 44080 Netherlands 44090 Switzerland 43010 Albania 43020 Andorra 43050 Gibraltar 43060 Greece 43070 Italy 43080 Malta 43090 Portugal 43091 Azores 43092 Madeira Islands 43120 Spain 43999 Southern Europe 44000 Central Europe 44010 Austria 44040 Germany 44041 Berlin 44042 Hamburg 44043 Bremen 44044 Mecklenburg 44045 Other Germany 49999 Europe,n.s. 50000 Pacific Islands 51000 Australia and New Zealand 51010 Australia 51020 New Zealand 52010 Fiji 52020 New Caledonia 52030 Papua New Guinea 52040 Solomon Islands 54010 Cook Islands 54020 French Polynesia 59999 Oceania, n.s./n.e.c. 60000 Atlantic Islands 99998 At sea 99999 Unknown FBPL indicates the country where the person reported his/her father was born. For Canada 1891 and United States 1880a, province of birth in Canada is reported for some records. For details on the United States birthplaces, refer to variable FBPLUS The codes for FBPL are the same as BPLCNTRY, and are compatible with IPUMS birthplace variables. IPUMS Mother's country of birth 10000 AFRICA 11050 Ethiopia 11070 Madagascar 11090 Mauritius 11100 Mozambique 12020 Cameroon 12050 Congo 13000 Northern Africa 13010 Algeria 13020 Egypt/United Arab Rep. 13030 Libya 13040 Morocco 13050 Sudan 13060 Tunisia 14000 SouthernAfrica 14040 South Africa (Union of) 14050 Botswana 14060 Zimbabwe 14999 Southern Africa,n.s. 15020 Burkina Faso 15030 Cape Verde 15070 Guinea 15090 Liberia 15100 Mali 15130 Nigeria 15140 St. Helena and Ascension 15160 SierraLeone 15170 French West Africa, n.s. 15999 Western Africa, n.s. 19999 Africa, n.s./n.e.c. 21001 West Indies 21004 Other West Indies 21005 Curacao 21006 St. Eustatius 21008 French St. Maarten 21009 Guadeloupe 21010 Martinique 21011 St. Barthelemy 21012 French Caribbean, n.s. 21013 Caribbean, n.s. 21014 WestIndies, n.s. 21100 Dominican Republic 21130 Haiti 21140 Jamaica 21000 British West Indies 21020 Antigua-Barbuda 21040 Bahamas 21050 Barbados 21070 Cayman Isles 21080 Cuba 21090 Dominica 21110 Grenada 21190 St. Kitts-Nevis 21200 St. Lucia 21210 St. Vincent 21220 Trinidad and Tobago 21230 Turks and Caicos 22000 Central America 22010 Belize/ British Honduras 22020 Costa Rica 22030 El Salvador 22040 Guatemala 22050 Honduras 22060 Mexico 22070 Nicaragua 22080 Panama 23000 South America 23010 Argentina 23020 Bolivia 23030 Brazil 23040 Chile 23050 Colombia 23060 Ecuador 23070 Falkland Islands 23080 French Guiana 23090 Guyana/BritishGuiana 23100 Paraguay 23110 Peru 23120 Suriname 23130 Uruguay 23140 Venezuela 23999 South America,n.s. 24000 North America 24010 Bermuda 24020 CANADA 24021 British Columbia 24022 Manitoba 24023 New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, and Prince Edward Island 24024 Alberta 24025 Ontario/ Upper Canada 24026 Saskatchewan 24027 Quebec 24028 Northwest 24029 Newfoundland and Labrador 24030 Greenland 24040 UNITED STATES 24041 U.S. Outlying Areas and Territories 24042 Other US possessions 31000 East Asia, n.s. 31010 China 31011 Hong Kong 31012 Macau 31013 Taiwan 31020 Japan 31030 Korea 31040 Mongolia 31032 South Korea 32000 South Asia,n.e.c. 32010 Afghanistan 32020 Bangladesh 32030 Bhutan 32040 India 32050 Iran 32100 Pakistan 32110 Sri Lanka(Ceylon) 33040 Indonesia 33060 Malaysia 33070 Burma (Myanmar) 33080 Philippines 33090 Singapore 33100 Thailand 33110 Vietnam 34010 Armenia 34040 Cyprus 34060 Iraq/Saudi Arabia 34070 Israel/Palestine 34075 West Bank 34080 Jordan 34100 Lebanon 34110 Palestine 34130 Yemen 34150 Syria 34160 Turkey 33999 South-Eastern Asia 39999 Asia,n.s. 41000 Eastern Europe, n.s. 41020 Bulgaria 41030 Czechoslovakia 41090 Slovakia 41040 Hungary 41050 Poland 41070 Romania 41080 USSR/Russia 41100 Ukraine 42000 Northern Europe, n.s. 42010 Denmark 42020 Estonia 42030 Faroe Islands 42040 Finland 42050 Iceland 42060 Ireland 42070 Latvia 42080 Lithuania 42090 Norway 42100 Svalbard 42110 Sweden 42120 United Kingdom, n.s. 42121 England 42122 Channel Islands 42123 Guernsey 42124 Jersey 42125 Isle of Man 42126 Scotland 42127 Wales 43030 Bosnia 43040 Croatia 43110 Slovonia 43140 Yugoslavia 43141 Montenegro 43142 Serbia 44020 Belgium 44030 France 44031 Alsace-Lorraine 44032 Alsace 44033 Lorraine 44050 Liechtenstein 44060 Luxembourg 44070 Monaco 44080 Netherlands 44090 Switzerland 43010 Albania 43020 Andorra 43050 Gibraltar 43060 Greece 43070 Italy 43080 Malta 43090 Portugal 43091 Azores 43092 Madeira Islands 43120 Spain 43999 Southern Europe 44010 Austria 44040 Germany 44041 Berlin 44042 Hamburg 44043 Bremen 44044 Mecklenburg 44045 Other Germany 44046 Central Europe, n.s. 49999 Europe,n.s. 50000 Pacific Islands 51000 Australia and New Zealand 51010 Australia 51020 New Zealand 51030 Tasmania 52010 Fiji 52020 New Caledonia 52030 Papua New Guinea 52040 Solomon Islands 54010 Cook Islands 54020 French Polynesia 59999 Oceania, n.s./n.e.c. 99998 At sea 99999 Unknown MBPL indicates the state, territory, or foreign country where the person reported his/her mother was born. For details on the United States birthplaces, refer to variable MBPLUS The codes for MBPL are the same as BPLCOUNTRY, and are compatible with IPUMS birthplace variables. IPUMS Father's state of birth, US 01 Alabama 02 Alaska 04 Arizona 05 Arkansas 06 California 08 Colorado 09 Connecticut 10 Delaware 11 DistrictofColumbia 12 Florida 13 Georgia 15 Hawaii 16 Idaho 17 Illinois 18 Indiana 19 Iowa 20 Kansas 21 Kentucky 22 Louisiana 23 Maine 24 Maryland 25 Massachusetts 26 Michigan 27 Minnesota 28 Mississippi 29 Missouri 30 Montana 31 Nebraska 32 Nevada 33 NewHampshire 34 NewJersey 35 NewMexico 36 NewYork 37 NorthCarolina 38 NorthDakota 39 Ohio 40 Oklahoma 41 Oregon 42 Pennsylvania 44 RhodeIsland 45 SouthCarolina 46 SouthDakota 47 Tennessee 48 Texas 49 Utah 50 Vermont 51 Virginia 53 Washington 54 WestVirginia 55 Wisconsin 56 Wyoming 71 IdahoTerritory 72 NewMexicoTerritory 73 IndianTerritory 74 DakotaTerritory 75 UtahTerritory 76 WyomingTerritory 81 American Samoa 82 Guam 83 Puerto Rico 84 U.S. Virgin Islands 85 St. Croix 86 St. John 87 St. Thomas 89 Other US possessions 96 NativeAmerican 97 UnitedStates,n.s. 98 Foreign country 99 Unknown FBPLUS indicates the U.S. state or territory where the person reported his/her father was born. For details on the foreign birthplaces, refer to variable FBPL. IPUMS Mother's state of birth, US 01 Alabama 02 Alaska 04 Arizona 05 Arkansas 06 California 08 Colorado 09 Connecticut 10 Delaware 11 District of Columbia 12 Florida 13 Georgia 15 Hawaii 16 Idaho 17 Illinois 18 Indiana 19 Iowa 20 Kansas 21 Kentucky 22 Louisiana 23 Maine 24 Maryland 25 Massachusetts 26 Michigan 27 Minnesota 28 Mississippi 29 Missouri 30 Montana 31 Nebraska 32 Nevada 33 New Hampshire 34 New Jersey 35 New Mexico 36 New York 37 North Carolina 38 North Dakota 39 Ohio 40 Oklahoma 41 Oregon 42 Pennsylvania 44 RhodeIsland 45 South Carolina 46 South Dakota 47 Tennessee 48 Texas 49 Utah 50 Vermont 51 Virginia 53 Washington 54 WestVirginia 55 Wisconsin 56 Wyoming 71 Idaho Territory 72 New Mexico Territory 73 Indian Territory 74 Dakota Territory 75 Utah Territory 76 Wyoming Territory 81 American Samoa 82 Guam 83 Puerto Rico 84 U.S. Virgin Islands 85 St. Croix 86 St. John 87 St. Thomas 88 Other US possessions 96 Native American 97 United States,n.s. 98 Foreign country 99 Unknown MBPL indicates the U.S. state or territory where the person reported his/her mother was born. For details on the foreign birthplaces refer to variable MBPL. IPUMS Race or color 10 White 20 Black 21 Black African 22 Black Caribbean 23 Afro-Ecuadorian 24 Other Black 30 Indigenous 31 American Indian 32 Latin American Indian 40 Asian 41 Chinese 42 Japanese 43 Korean 44 Vietnamese 45 Filipino 46 Indian 47 Pakistani 48 Bangladeshi 49 Other Asian 50 Mixed race 51 Brown (Brazil) 52 Mestizo (Indigenous and White) 53 Mulatto (Black and White) 54 Coloured (South Africa) 55 Two or more races 60 Other 61 Montubio (Ecuador) 99 Unknown Race identifies the racial group with which a person identified himself or herself, or to which an enumerator assigned them. Determinations of race are based largely on appearance or ancestral place of origin. IPUMS Race, United States 100 White 200 Black 210 Mulatto (1850-1910) 300 American Indian/Alaska Native, not specified 301 Alaskan Athabaskan 302 Aleut 303 Apache 304 Blackfoot 305 Cherokee 306 Cheyenne 307 Chickasaw 308 Chippewa 309 Choctaw 310 Colville 311 Comanche 312 Creek 313 Crow 314 Delaware 315 Eskimo 316 Hopi 317 Houma 318 Inupiat 319 Iroquois 320 Kiowa 321 Lumbee 322 Menominee 323 Navajo 324 Osage 325 Paiute 326 Pima 327 Potawatomi 328 Pueblo 329 Puget Sound Salish 330 Seminole 331 Shoshone 332 Sioux 333 Tlingit (Tlingit-Haida, 2000-2005) 334 Tohono O''Odham 335 Yakama 336 Yaqui 337 Yuman 338 Yup'ik 340 All other tribes 341 AIAN, tribe not specified 342 Other specified Indian tribe (2000-2005) 343 Two or more Indian tribes (2000-2005) 344 Other Alaskan tribe(s) (2000-2005) 345 Both Indian and Alaskan (2000-2005) 346 Tribal responses, n.e.c. 350 Latin American Indian 400 Chinese 410 Taiwanese 420 Chinese and Taiwanese 500 Japanese 600 Filipino 610 Asian Indian 620 Korean 630 Native Hawaiian 631 Asiatic Hawiian 632 Caucasian Hawaiian 640 Vietnamese 641 Bhutanese 642 Mongolian 643 Nepalese 660 Cambodian 661 Hmong 662 Laotian 663 Thai 664 Bangladeshi 665 Burmese 666 Indonesian 667 Malaysian 668 Okinawan 669 Pakistani 670 Sri Lankan 671 All other Asian, n.e.c. 672 Asian, not specified 673 Chinese and Japanese 674 Chinese and Filipino 675 Chinese and Vietnamese 676 Chinese and Asian write-in 677 Japanese and Filipino 678 Asian Indian and Asian write-in 679 Other Asian race combinations 680 Samoan 681 Tahitian 682 Tongan 684 One or more other Polynesian races (2000-2005) 685 Guamanian/Chamorro 686 Northern Mariana Islander 687 Palauan 688 Other Micronesian 689 One or more other Micronesian races (2000-2005) 690 Fijian 691 Other Melanesian 692 One or more Melanesian races (2000-2005) 698 Two or more PI races from multiple regions 699 Pacific Islander (PI), n.s. 700 Other race, n.e.c. 800 Two or more races RACEUS identifies the "race" of the respondent in the United States. Race is a social construct, not a scientific or anthropological concept. Many detailed categories consist of national origin groups. IPUMS Hispanic origin, U.S. and Puerto Rico 000 Not hispanic 100 Mexican 101 Mexican, n.e.c. 102 Mexican American 103 Mexicano/Mexicana 104 Chicano/Chicana 105 La Raza 106 Mexican American Indian 107 Mexico 200 Puerto Rican 300 Cuban 400 Other Spanish, 1980 410 Central/South American, 1970 411 Costa Rican 412 Guatemalan 413 Honduran 414 Nicaraguan 415 Panamanian 416 Salvadoran 417 Central American 418 Central American Indian 419 Canal Zone 420 Argentinean 421 Bolivian 422 Chilean 423 Colombian 424 Ecuadorian 425 Paraguayan 426 Peruvian 427 Uruguayan 428 Venezuelan 429 South American Indian 430 Criollo 431 South American 440 Other Spanish, 1970 450 Spaniard 451 Andalusian 452 Asturian 453 Castillian 454 Catalonian 455 Balearic Islander 456 Gallego 457 Valencian 458 Canarian 459 Spanish Basque 460 Dominican 465 Latin American 470 Hispanic 480 Spanish 490 Californio 491 Tejano 492 Nuevo Mexicano 493 Spanish American 494 Spanish American Indian 495 Meso American Indian 496 Mestizo 497 Other Spanish, Hispanic, Latino 498 Not specified (FOSDIC) 499 Not classified 999 Not reported HISPAN identifies and classifies persons of Hispanic origin in the United States and Puerto Rico. IPUMS Spanish surname, historical 1 No Spanish surname 2 Yes, Spanish surname SPANNAME identifies persons with Spanish surnames, based on comparisons of surnames with lists of Spanish surnames. IPUMS Labor force participation 1 No, not in the labor force 2 Yes, in the labor force 8 Unknown 9 NIU (not in universe) LABFORCE is a dichotomous variable identifying whether a person participated in the labor force. Labor force participation generally means working or seeking work within a specified reference period. For most samples LABFORCE is a recode of EMPSTAT (employment status). A consistent lower age universe of 15 or older has been applied to increase comparability across samples. Full detail is retained in EMPSTAT, which should be used for any study of child labor. IPUMS Occupation, ISCO general 01 Legislators, senior officials and managers 02 Professionals 03 Technicians and associate professionals 04 Clerks 05 Service workers and shop and market sales 06 Skilled agricultural and fishery workers 07 Crafts and related trades workers 08 Plant and machine operators and assemblers 09 Elementary occupations 10 Armed forces 11 Other occupations, unspecified or n.e.c. 97 Response suppressed 98 Unknown 99 NIU (not in universe) OCCISCO records the person's primary occupation, coded according to the major categories in the International Standard Classification of Occupations (ISCO) scheme for 1988. For someone with more than one job, the primary occupation is typically the one in which the person had spent the most time or earned the most money. IPUMS Occupation, ISCO-1968, 3-digit 011 Chemists 012 Physicists 013 Physical scientists not elsewhere classified 014 Physical science technicians 021 Architects and town planners 022 Civil engineers 023 Electrical and electronics engineers 024 Mechanical engineers 025 Chemical engineers 026 Metallurgists 027 Mining engineers 028 Industrial engineers 029 Engineers not elsewhere classified 031 Surveyors 032 Draughtsmen 033 Civil engineering technicians 034 Electrical and electronics engineering technicians 035 Mechanical engineering technicians 036 Chemical engineering technicians 037 Metallurgical technicians 038 Mining technicians 039 Engineering technicians not elsewhere classified 041 Aircraft pilots, navigators and flight engineers 042 Ships' deck officers and pilots 043 Ships' engineers 049 Aircraft and ships officers, n.e.c. 051 Biologists, zoologists and related scientists 052 Bacteriologists, pharmacologists and related scientists 053 Agronomists and related scientists 054 Life sciences technicians 059 Life sciences technicians and related technicians, n.e.c. 061 Medical doctors 062 Medical assistants 063 Dentists 064 Dental assistants 065 Veterinarians 066 Veterinary assistants 067 Pharmacists 068 Pharmaceutical assistants 069 Dietitians and public health nutritionists 071 Professional nurses 072 Nursing personnel not elsewhere classified 073 Professional midwives 074 Midwifery personnel not elsewhere classified 075 Optometrists and opticians 076 Physiotherapists and occupational therapists 077 Medical Xray technicians 079 Medical, dental, veterinary and related workers not elsewhere classified 081 Statisticians 082 Mathematicians and actuaries 083 Systems Analysts 084 Statistical and mathematical technicians 089 Statisticians, mathematicians, systems analysts and related technicians, n.e.c. 090 Economists 099 Other social scientists, n.e.c. 110 Accountants 121 Lawyers 122 Judges 129 Jurists not elsewhere classified 131 University and higher education teachers 132 Secondary education teachers 133 Primary education teachers 134 Preprimary education teachers 135 Special education teachers 139 Teachers not elsewhere classified 141 Ministers of religion and related members of religious orders 149 Workers in religion not elsewhere classified 151 Authors and critics 159 Authors, journalists and related writers not elsewhere classified 161 Sculptors, painters and related artists 162 Commercial artists and designers 163 Photographers and cameramen 169 Sculptors, painters and related artists, n.e.c. 171 Composers, musicians and singers 172 Choreographers and dancers 173 Actors and stage directors 174 Producers, performing arts 175 Circus performers 179 Performing artists not elsewhere classified 180 Athletes, sportsmen and related workers 191 Librarians, archivists and curators 192 Sociologists, anthropologists and related scientists 193 Social workers 194 Personnel and occupational specialists 195 Philologists, translators and interpreters 199 Other professional, technical and related workers 201 Legislative officials 202 Government administrators 211 General managers 212 Production managers (except farm) 219 Managers not elsewhere classified 299 Administrative and managerial, n.e.c. 300 Clerical supervisors 310 Government executive officials 321 Stenographers, typists and teletypists 322 Card and tapepunching machine operators 323 Telex operators 329 Stenegraphers, typists and teletypists, n.e.d. 331 Bookkeepers and cashiers 339 Bookkeepers, cashiers and related workers not elsewhere classified 341 Bookkeeping and calculating machine operators 342 Automatic dataprocessing machine operators 349 Computing machine operators, n.e.c. 351 Railway station masters 352 Postmasters 359 Transport and communications supervisors not elsewhere classified 360 Transport conductors 370 Mail distribution clerks 380 Telephone and telegraph operators 391 Stock clerks 392 Material and production planning clerks 393 Correspondence and reporting clerks 394 Receptionists and travel agency clerks 395 Library and filing clerks 399 Clerks not elsewhere classified 400 Managers (wholesale and retail trade) 410 Working proprietors (wholesale and retail trade) 421 Sales supervisors 422 Buyers 431 Technical salesmen and service advisers 432 Commercial travellers and Manufacturers' agents 439 Technical salesmen, commercial travellers and manufacturers' agents, n.e.c. 441 Insurance, real estate and securities salesmen 442 Business services salesmen 443 Auctioneers 451 Salesmen, shop assistants and demonstrators 452 Street vendors, canvassers and newsvendors 454 Itinerant traders 459 Salesmen, shop assistants and demonstrators, n.e.c. 490 Sales workers not elsewhere classified 500 Managers (catering and lodging services) 510 Working proprietors (catering and lodging services) 520 Housekeeping and related service supervisors 531 Cooks 532 Waiters, bartenders and related workers 540 Maids and related housekeeping service workers not elsewhere classified 551 Building caretakers 552 Charworkers, cleaners and related workers 560 Launderers, drycleaners and pressers 570 Hairdressers, barbers, beauticians and related workers 581 Firefighters 582 Policemen and detectives 589 Protective service workers not elsewhere classified 591 Guides 592 Undertakers and embalmers 599 Other service workers 600 Farm managers and supervisors 611 General farmers 612 Specialised farmers 621 General farm workers 622 Field crop and vegetable farm workers 623 Orchard, vineyard and related tree and shrub crop workers 624 Livestock workers 625 Dairy farm workers 626 Poultry farm workers 627 Nursery workers and gardeners 628 Farm machinery operators 629 Agricultural and animal husbandry workers not elsewhere classified 631 Loggers 632 Forestry workers (except logging) 639 Forestry and loggers, n.e.c. 641 Fishermen 649 Fishermen, hunters and related workers not elsewhere classified 700 Production supervisors and general foremen 711 Miners and quarrymen 712 Mineral and stone treaters 713 Well drillers, borers and related workers 721 Metal smelting, converting and refining furnacemen 722 Metal rollingmill workers 723 Metal melters and reheaters 724 Metal casters 725 Metal moulders and coremakers 726 Metal annealers, temperers and casehardeners 727 Metal drawers and extruders 728 Metal platers and coaters 729 Metal processers not elsewhere classified 731 Wood treaters 732 Sawyers, plywood makers and related woodprocessing workers 733 Paper pulp preparers 734 Paper makers 739 Wood preparation workers and paper makers, n.e.c. 741 Crushers, grinders and mixers 742 Cookers, roasters and related heattreaters 743 Filter and separator operators 744 Still and reactor operators 745 Petroleum refining workers 749 Chemical processers and related workers not elsewhere classified 751 Fibre preparers 752 Spinners and winders 753 Weaving and knittingmachine setters and patterncard preparers 754 Weavers and related workers 755 Knitters 756 Bleachers, dyers and textile product finishers 759 Spinners, weavers, knitters, dyers and related workers not elsewhere classified 761 Tanners and fellmongers 762 Pelt dressers 769 Tanners, fellmongers and pelt dressers, n.e.c. 771 Grain millers and related workers 772 Sugar processers and refiners 773 Butchers and meat preparers 774 Food preservers 775 Dairy product processers 776 Bakers, pastrycooks and confectionery makers 777 Tea, coffee and cocoa preparers 778 Brewers, wine and beverage makers 779 Food and beverage processers not elsewhere classified 781 Tobacco preparers 782 Cigar makers 783 Cigarette makers 789 Tobacco preparers and tobacco product makers not elsewhere classified 791 Tailors and dressmakers 792 Fur tailors and related workers 793 Milliners and hatmakers 794 Patternmakers and cutters 795 Sewers and embroiderers 796 Upholsterers and related workers 799 Tailors, dressmakers, sewers, upholsterers and related workers not elsewhere classified 801 Shoemakers and shoe repairers 802 Shoe cutters, lasters, sewers and related workers 803 Leather goods makers 811 Cabinetmakers 812 Woodworking machine operators 819 Cabinetmakers and related woodworkers not elsewhere classified 820 Stone cutters and carvers 831 Blacksmiths, hammersmiths and forgingpress operators 832 Toolmakers, metal patternmakers and metal markers 833 Machinetool setteroperators 834 Machinetool operators 835 Metal grinders, polishers and tool sharpeners 839 Blacksmiths, toolmakers and machinetool operators not elsewhere classified 841 Machinery fitters and machine assemblers 842 Watch, clock and precision instrument makers 843 Motor vehicle mechanics 844 Aircraft engine mechanics 849 Machinery fitters, machine assemblers and precision instrument makers (except electrical) not elsewhere classified 851 Electrical fitters 852 Electronics fitters 853 Electrical and electronics equipment assemblers 854 Radio and television repairmen 855 Electrical wiremen 856 Telephone and telegraph installers 857 Electric linemen and cable jointers 859 Electrical fitters and related electrical and electronics workers not elsewhere classified 861 Broadcasting station operators 862 Sound equipment operators and cinema projectionists 871 Plumbers and pipe fitters 872 Welders and flamecutters 873 Sheetmetal workers 874 Structural metal preparers and erectors 879 Other plumbers, welders, sheet metal and structural metal preparers and erectors 880 Jewellery and precious metal workers 891 Glass formers, cutters, grinders and finishers 892 Potters and related clay and abrasive formers 893 Glass and ceramics kilnmen 894 Glass engravers and etchers 895 Glass and ceramics painters and decorators 899 Glass formers, potters and related workers not elsewhere classified 901 Rubber and plastics product makers (except tire makers and tire vulcanisers) 902 Tire makers and vulcanisers 910 Paper and paperboard products makers 921 Compositors and typesetters 922 Printing pressmen 923 Stereotypers and electrotypers 924 Printing engravers (except photoengravers) 925 Photoengravers 926 Bookbinders and related workers 927 Photographic darkroom workers 929 Printers and related workers not elsewhere classified 931 Painters, construction 939 Painters not elsewhere classified 941 Musical instrument makers and tuners 942 Basketry weavers and brush makers 943 Nonmetallic mineral product makers 949 Other production and related workers 951 Bricklayers, stonemasons and tile setters 952 Reinforced concreters, cement finishers and terrazzo workers 953 Roofers 954 Carpenters, joiners and parquetry workers 955 Plasterers 956 Insulators 957 Glaziers 959 Construction workers not elsewhere classified 961 Power generating machinery operators 969 Stationary engine and related equipment operators not elsewhere classified 971 Dockers and freight handlers 972 Riggers and cable splicers 973 Crane and hoist operators 974 Earthmoving and related machinery operators 979 Material handling equipment operators not elsewhere classified 981 Ships' deck ratings, barge crews and boatmen 982 Ships' engineroom ratings 983 Railway engine drivers and firemen 984 Railway brakemen, signalmen and shunters 985 Motor vehicle drivers 986 Animal and animaldrawn vehicle drivers 989 Transport equipment operators not elsewhere classified 990 Labourers not elsewhere classified 995 Armed forces 997 Response suppressed 998 Unknown 999 NIU (not in universe) ISCO68A provides the 3-digit occupation code for the respondent using the ISCO-1968 occupation classification. IPUMS Occupation 1950 basis, U.S. 000 Accountants and auditors 001 Actors and actresses 002 Airplane pilots and navigators 003 Architects 004 Artists and art teachers 005 Athletes 006 Authors 007 Chemists 008 Chiropractors 009 Clergymen 010 College presidents and deans 012 Agricultural sciences 013 Biological sciences 014 Chemistry 015 Economics 016 Engineering 017 Geology and geophysics 018 Mathematics 019 Medical sciences 023 Physics 024 Psychology 025 Statistics 026 Natural science (n.e.c.) 027 Social sciences (n.e.c.) 028 Nonscientific subjects 029 Subject not specified 031 Dancers and dancing teachers 032 Dentists 033 Designers 034 Dieticians and nutritionists 035 Draftsmen 036 Editors and reporters 041 Engineers, aeronautical 042 Engineers, chemical 043 Engineers, civil 044 Engineers, electrical 045 Engineers, industrial 046 Engineers, mechanical 047 Engineers, metallurgical, metallurgists 048 Engineers, mining 049 Engineers (n.e.c.) 051 Entertainers (n.e.c.) 052 Farm and home management advisors 053 Foresters and conservationists 054 Funeral directors and embalmers 055 Lawyers and judges 056 Librarians 057 Musicians and music teachers 058 Nurses, professional 059 Nurses, student professional 061 Agricultural scientists 062 Biological scientists 063 Geologists and geophysicists 067 Mathematicians 068 Physicists 069 Miscellaneous natural scientists 070 Optometrists 071 Osteopaths 072 Personnel and labor relations workers 073 Pharmacists 074 Photographers 075 Physicians and surgeons 076 Radio operators 077 Recreation and group workers 078 Religious workers 079 Social and welfare workers, except group 081 Economists 082 Psychologists 083 Statisticians and actuaries 084 Miscellaneous social scientists 091 Sports instructors and officials 092 Surveyors 093 Teachers (n.e.c.) 094 Technicians, medical and dental 095 Technicians, testing 096 Technicians (n.e.c.) 097 Therapists and healers (n.e.c.) 098 Veterinarians 099 Professional, technical and kindred workers (n.e.c.) 100 Farmers (owners and tenants) 123 Farm managers 200 Buyers and department heads, store 201 Buyers and shippers, farm products 203 Conductors, railroad 204 Credit men 205 Floormen and floor managers, store 210 Inspectors, public administration 230 Managers and superintendents, building 240 Officers, pilots, pursers and engineers, ship 250 Officials and administrators (n.e.c.), public administration 260 Officials, lodge, society, union, etc. 270 Postmasters 280 Purchasing agents and buyers (n.e.c.) 290 Managers, officials, and proprietors (n.e.c.) 300 Agents (n.e.c.) 301 Attendants and assistants, library 302 Attendants, physician's and dentist's office 304 Baggagemen, transportation 305 Bank tellers 310 Bookkeepers 320 Cashiers 321 Collectors, bill and account 322 Dispatchers and starters, vehicle 325 Express messengers and railway mail clerks 335 Mail carriers 340 Messengers and office boys 341 Office machine operators 342 Shipping and receiving clerks 350 Stenographers, typists, and secretaries 360 Telegraph messengers 365 Telegraph operators 370 Telephone operators 380 Ticket, station, and express agents 390 Clerical and kindred workers (n.e.c.) 400 Advertising agents and salesmen 410 Auctioneers 420 Demonstrators 430 Hucksters and peddlers 450 Insurance agents and brokers 460 Newsboys 470 Real estate agents and brokers 480 Stock and bond salesmen 490 Salesmen and sales clerks (n.e.c.) 500 Bakers 501 Blacksmiths 502 Bookbinders 503 Boilermakers 504 Brickmasons, stonemasons, and tile setters 505 Cabinetmakers 510 Carpenters 511 Cement and concrete finishers 512 Compositors and typesetters 513 Cranemen, derrickmen, and hoistmen 514 Decorators and window dressers 515 Electricians 520 Electrotypers and stereotypers 521 Engravers, except photoengravers 522 Excavating, grading, and road machinery operators 523 Foremen (n.e.c.) 524 Forgemen and hammermen 525 Furriers 530 Glaziers 531 Heat treaters, annealers, temperers 532 Inspectors, scalers, and graders, log and lumber 533 Inspectors (n.e.c.) 534 Jewelers, watchmakers, goldsmiths, and silversmiths 535 Job setters, metal 540 Linemen and servicemen, telegraph, telephone, and power 541 Locomotive engineers 542 Locomotive firemen 543 Loom fixers 544 Machinists 545 Mechanics and repairmen, airplane 550 Mechanics and repairmen, automobile 551 Mechanics and repairmen, office machine 552 Mechanics and repairmen, radio and television 553 Mechanics and repairmen, railroad and car shop 554 Mechanics and repairmen (n.e.c.) 555 Millers, grain, flour, feed, etc. 560 Millwrights 561 Molders, metal 562 Motion picture projectionists 563 Opticians and lens grinders and polishers 564 Painters, construction and maintenance 565 Paperhangers 570 Pattern and model makers, except paper 571 Photoengravers and lithographers 572 Piano and organ tuners and repairmen 573 Plasterers 574 Plumbers and pipe fitters 575 Pressmen and plate printers, printing 580 Rollers and roll hands, metal 581 Roofers and slaters 582 Shoemakers and repairers, except factory 583 Stationary engineers 584 Stone cutters and stone carvers 585 Structural metal workers 590 Tailors and tailoresses 591 Tinsmiths, coppersmiths, and sheet metal workers 592 Tool makers, and die makers and setters 593 Upholsterers 594 " 595 Members of the armed services 600 Apprentice auto mechanics 601 Apprentice bricklayers and masons 602 Apprentice carpenters 603 Apprentice electricians 604 Apprentice machinists and toolmakers 605 Apprentice mechanics, except auto 610 Apprentice plumbers and pipe fitters 611 Apprentices, building trades (n.e.c.) 612 Apprentices, metalworking trades (n.e.c.) 613 Apprentices, printing trades 614 Apprentices, other specified trades 615 Apprentices, trade not specified 620 Asbestos and insulation workers 621 Attendants, auto service and parking 622 Blasters and powdermen 623 Boatmen, canalmen, and lock keepers 624 Brakemen, railroad 625 Bus drivers 630 Chainmen, rodmen, and axmen, surveying 631 Conductors, bus and street railway 632 Deliverymen and routemen 633 Dressmakers and seamstresses, except factory 634 Dyers 635 Filers, grinders, and polishers, metal 640 Fruit, nut, and vegetable graders, and packers, except factory 641 Furnacemen, smeltermen and pourers 642 Heaters, metal 643 Laundry and dry cleaning operatives 644 Meat cutters, except slaughter and packing house 645 Milliners 650 Mine operatives and laborers 660 Motormen, mine, factory, logging camp, etc. 661 Motormen, street, subway, and elevated railway 662 Oilers and greaser, except auto 670 Painters, except construction or maintenance 671 Photographic process workers 672 Power station operators 673 Sailors and deck hands 674 Sawyers 675 Spinners, textile 680 Stationary firemen 681 Switchmen, railroad 682 Taxicab drivers and chauffers 683 Truck and tractor drivers 684 Weavers, textile 685 Welders and flame cutters 690 Operative and kindred workers (n.e.c.) 700 Housekeepers, private household 710 Laundressses, private household 720 Private household workers (n.e.c.) 730 Attendants, hospital and other institution 731 Attendants, professional and personal service (n.e.c.) 732 Attendants, recreation and amusement 740 Barbers, beauticians, and manicurists 750 Bartenders 751 Bootblacks 752 Boarding and lodging house keepers 753 Charwomen and cleaners 754 Cooks, except private household 760 Counter and fountain workers 761 Elevator operators 762 Firemen, fire protection 763 Guards, watchmen, and doorkeepers 764 Housekeepers and stewards, except private household 770 Janitors and sextons 771 Marshals and constables 772 Midwives 773 Policemen and detectives 780 Porters 781 Practical nurses 782 Sheriffs and bailiffs 783 Ushers, recreation and amusement 784 Waiters and waitresses 785 Watchmen (crossing) and bridge tenders 790 Service workers, except private household (n.e.c.) 810 Farm foremen 820 Farm laborers, wage workers 830 Farm laborers, unpaid family workers 840 Farm service laborers, self-employed 910 Fishermen and oystermen 920 Garage laborers and car washers and greasers 930 Gardeners, except farm, and groundskeepers 940 Longshoremen and stevedores 950 Lumbermen, raftsmen, and woodchoppers 960 Teamsters 970 Laborers (n.e.c.) 975 Employed, unclassifiable 980 Keeps house/house work/housewife 981 Imputed keeping house (1860-1880) 982 At home/ helps in home 983 At school 984 Retired 985 Unemployed/ without occupation 986 Invalid/sick/disabled 987 Inmate/prisoner 991 Capitalist/gentleman 995 Other non-occupational response 997 Occupation missing/unknown 999 NIU (not in universe) OCC95US provides a consistent classification of occupation across U.S. samples. Occupation describes the type of (usually market-oriented) work the person performs. Note regarding universe: "New workers" are persons seeking employment for the first time who have not yet secured their first job. IPUMS Occupation, HISCO classification 01100 Chemists 01200 Physicists 01300 Physical scientists nec 01400 Physical science assistants and technicians 02000 Professional engineers, specialisation unknown 02100 Architects 02200 Civil engineers 02300 Electrical engineers 02410 Mechanical engineers, general or nfs 02420 Industrial machinery or tools engineers 02430 Mechanical engineer (motors and engines, except marine) 02440 Marine engineers 02450 Ship construction engineers 02460 Heating, ventilation and refrigeration engineers 02490 Other mechanical engineers 02500 Chemical engineers 02600 Metallurgists and assayers 02700 Mining engineers 02800 Industrial engineers 02900 Professional engineers nec 03010 Surveyors, general and nfs 03020 Land surveyors 03030 Mine surveyors 03040 Hydrographic surveyors 03090 Other surveyors 03100 Draughtsmen 03200 Technician, specialisation unknown 03210 Technicians 03220 Civil engineering technicians 03230 Electrical engineering technicians 03240 Mechanical engineering technicians 03250 Chemical engineering technicals 03260 Metallurgical technicians 03270 Mining technicians 03290 Engineering technicians nec 04200 Ship's deck officer or pilot 04210 Ships officers nfs 04220 Ship's masters and captains (sea) 04230 Ship's masters and captains (sea or inland waterways) 04240 Ship's masters and captains (inland waterways) 04250 Ship's navigating officers and ship's mates 04260 Ship and boat pilots 04270 Marine superintendents (deck) 04290 Other ship deck officers and pilots 04300 Ship's engineers 05100 Biologists, botanists, zoologists and related scientists 05200 Medical scientists 05300 Agronomists and related scientists 05400 Life sciences technicians 06100 Medical doctors and surgeons 06110 Medical doctors and physicians (UK: Medical doctors only) 06130 Surgeons 06140 Specialised physicians 06150 Specialised surgeons 06160 Public health physicians 06170 Oculist 06190 Medical doctors, nec 06200 Dentists 06300 Veterinarians 06400 Pharmacists 06500 Medical and related assistants 07110 Trained nurses 07210 Nurses nfs 07220 Medical nurses, untrained or level of training unknown 07320 Midwives 07330 Monthly nurses 07500 Opticians and optometrists 07600 Healers and therapists nec 07920 Osteopaths 07930 Chiropractors 07940 Sanitarians 07990 Other medical, dental, veterinary and related workers 08000 Mathematicians and actuaries, etc. 09000 Economists 11010 Accountants 11020 Auditors 11090 Accountants nec 12110 Lawyers 12120 Barristers 12130 Solicitors 12200 Judge 12220 Justice of the peace 12300 Notary 12900 Jurists (except lawyer, judge or solicitor) 13100 Teachers in higher education 13200 Teachers not in higher education 13210 Teachers (unspecified) 13220 Teachers (secondary) 13230 Teachers (primary) 13240 Teachers (pre-primary) 13250 Teachers (of the disabled) 13300 School administrators and principals 13920 Governesses 13990 Other teaching personnel 14120 Ministers of religion 14130 Missionaries 14140 Members of religious orders 14190 Other ministers of religion 14900 Workers in religion nec 15100 Authors 15220 Editors 15230 Journalists, reporters and correspondents 15900 Others writers 16110 Artists nfs and art teachers 16120 Sculptors 16130 Artistic painters 16140 Cartoonists 16150 Engravers and etchers (artistic) 16190 Other specified creative artists 16200 Designers 16300 Photographers 16400 Engravers 17120 Musical performers and musicians nfs 17130 Music teachers 17190 Others in music 17200 Dancers and dancing teachers 17300 Actors and related workers 17400 Producers, performing arts 17900 Performing artists nec 18000 Athletes, sportsmen and related workers 19100 Librarians, archivists and curators 19200 Social scientists and historians 19300 Social workers 19500 Interpreters, translators and philologists 19920 Patent agents 19930 Underwriters 19990 Other professional, technical and related workers nec 20100 Legislative officials and heads of government 20200 Government administrators 21110 Proprietors, nfs 21112 Executive officers, nfs (U.S. only) 21120 Manufacturers nfs 21122 Executive officers of manufacturing concerns nfs 21130 Manufacturers or proprietors of specified manufacturing concerns 21132 Executive officers of specified manufacturing concerns 21140 Proprietor, mining, quarrying, oil and natural gas extraction 21141 Oil producer 21142 Executive officers of extractive industry 21150 Proprietor, railway company 21152 Executive officers of railway concerns 21160 Proprietor, other transport and communications 21162 Executive officer of other transport and communications 21170 Proprietor, public utilities (i.e., water, gas, etc.) 21172 Executive officer of public utilities 21180 Proprietor, finance 21182 Executive officer finance company 21190 Other owners of large scale productive enterprises 21192 Executive officers of other large scale productive enterprises 21194 Publisher 21210 Contractors nfs 21220 Construction contractors 21230 Builders 21290 Other specified contractors 21330 Capitalists 21340 Speculators 21390 Investors nec 22110 Superintendents and managers nfs 22120 Superintendents and managers, manufacturing 22130 Superintendents and managers, mining, quarrying, etc. 22140 Superintendents and managers, railways 22150 Superintendents and managers, other transport and communications 22160 Superintendents and managers, public utilities 22170 Superintendents and managers, construction, except railway construction 22180 Superintendents and managers, commerce 22190 Superintendents and managers, nec 23110 Foremen and supervisors nfs 23120 Foremen and supervisors, manufacturing 23130 Foremen and supervisors, mining 23140 Foremen and supervisors, railways 23150 Foremen and supervisors, other transport and communications 23160 Foremen and supervisors, public utilities 23170 Foremen and supervisors, construction, except railway construction 23180 Foremen and supervisors, commerce 23190 Foremen and supervisors, nec 24100 Inspectors of manufactories, companies etc. 31010 Civil servants, title unknown 31020 Tax collectors 31030 Tax assessors 31040 Customs officers 31050 Postmasters or postmistresses 31060 Clerks of court and other court clerks 31090 Government functionaries, nec 32000 Typists, stenographers and secretaries 33120 Bookkeepers and bookkeeping clerks 33130 Cashiers, bank or office 33140 Bank clerks 33142 Bank tellers (US) 33150 Money collector 33160 Cash desk cashier 33170 Toll collectors 33180 Collector (cash or account) 33190 Bookkeeping, account and cash handling workers nec 33210 Railway clerks (UK) and railway agents (CA/US) 33220 Baggage agents and baggage men 33320 Agent, water transport (principally steamship and steamboat) 33330 Agent, land transport (non-rail) 34000 Office machine operators 36010 Conductors, nfs 36020 Railway guards (UK) and railroad conductors (US/CAN) 36030 Sleeping- or pullman-car attendants 36040 Bus, tram or streetcar conductors 36090 Transport conductors, nec 37020 Postal, mail and telegraph clerks 37030 Mail carriers, aka postmen (UK) 37040 Messengers 37050 Mail sorters 37090 Post office, mail, and message workers nec 38010 Tel. operator 38020 Telephone operator 38030 Telegraph operator 38090 Other telephone/telegraph operators 39000 Clerk, nfs 39100 Stock, weight and shipping clerks 39130 Stock records clerk 39310 Office clerks, specialisation unknown 39320 Correspondence clerks 39340 Legal clerks 39350 Insurance clerks 39390 Other correspondence and reporting clerks 39400 Hotel clerk or other receptionist 39500 Library and filing clerks 39600 Railroad, railway clerk 39720 Timekeepers, railway 39730 Timekeepers, factory 39790 Timekeepers, undefined and nec 39900 Other specified clerks 39990 Proofreader 40000 Sales workers, nfs 41000 Working proprietors, nfs 41010 Dealer, merchant etc. (wholesale and retail trade) 41015 Merchants, specified large-scale wholesaleing 41020 Hirers out 42000 Buyers 42200 Buyers nec 43010 Agents nfs 43020 Commercial travellers 43030 Manufacturers and sales agents 43090 Other specialized agents 44110 Insurance, real state or securities salesmen, nfs 44120 Insurance salesmen and agents 44130 Real estate agents 44140 Brokers 44150 Stockbrokers 44160 Patent Agents 44190 Insurance, real estate and securities salesmen nec 44200 Advertising salesmen 44320 Auctioneers 44330 Appraisers 45120 Salespeople, wholesale or retail trade 45130 Clerks in shops and stores 45140 Fashion models 45190 Other sales personnel men, shop assistants and demonstrators 45220 Street sellers, pedlars and hawkers, non-food items 45230 Street sellers, pedlars and hawkers, food items 45240 Newsvendors 45250 Canvassers 45290 Other street traders for coffee and food 49020 Pawnbrokers 49030 Scrap and junk dealers, scavengers 49040 Street vendors, canvassers and news vendors, newsvendors 49090 Dealers and salesworkers nec 51020 Hotel keepers and managers 51030 Restaurant keepers and managers 51040 Boarding and lodging house keepers and managers 51050 Pub, saloon, tavern and coffee house keepers 51060 Ship's pursers 51090 Other hospitality and entertainment keepers and managers 52020 Housekeeper 52030 Stewards 52040 Matrons 52050 Butlers 52090 Other housekeeping service supervisors 53100 Cooks 53101 Cook (domestic) UK only 53102 Cook (not domestic) 53103 Ship's cooks 53220 Waiter or waitress 53230 Bartender 53290 Other food and drink service workers 54010 Servants nfs 54020 House servants nfs and maids 54030 Personal servants and valets 54040 Nursemaids 54050 Companions 54060 Chambermaids and room attendants 54090 Other specified servants 55100 Caretakers and janitors 55200 Charworkers 55230 Window cleaners 55240 Chimney sweeps 55250 Refuse collectors and removers 55290 Other charworkers, cleaners and related workers 56000 Washing and laundry services 57020 Hairdressers 57030 Barbers 57040 Bath attendants 57090 Other barbers, hairdressers and related workers 58100 Firefighters 58210 Policemen and detectives, employer unknown 58220 Policemen and detectives, public service 58230 Policemen and detectives, private service 58240 Sheriffs and their deputies 58290 Other law enforcement officers 58300 Watchmen and guards 58410 Military, rank unknown 58420 Military officers 58430 Other members of the armed forces 58500 Prison keepers and guards 58900 Other protective service workers 59100 Guides 59200 Undertakers and embalmers 59300 Prostitutes 59920 Bookmakers (sport) 59930 Croupiers 59940 Nursing aids and attendents 59950 Errand boys and errand girls 59960 Practical aid (veterinary) 59990 Other service workers nec 61110 General farmers and farmers nfs 61115 Husbandmen or cottars 61117 Female farmer 61120 Major landowner 61220 Field crop farmers 61230 Orchardists and fruit farmers 61240 Market gardeners 61250 Nurserymen and florists 61260 Livestock farmers 61270 Dairy farmers 61280 Poultry farmers 61290 Other specialised farmers 61320 Farmer and fisherman 61330 Cottar and fisherman 61400 Farm managers, foremen and supervisors nfs 62110 Farm workers, specialisation unknown 62113 Farmer's sons and other male relatives 62200 Farm workers (field crop and vegetables) 62300 Farm labourers, orchard and fruit farm workers 62410 Livestock workers, general or nfs 62420 Cattle workers, except specified dairy 62430 Sheep workers 62440 Pig workers 62450 Fur-bearing animal workers 62460 Horse workers 62461 Grooms and horse keepers (domestic) 62463 Grooms and horse keepers (not domestic) 62470 Horse breaker 62490 Livestock workers, nec 62500 Farm workers (dairy) 62600 Farm workers (poultry) 62710 Gardeners nfs 62711 Gardener (domestic) 62713 Gardener (not domestic) 62720 Market garden labourers 62730 Nursery labourers 62740 Landscape gardeners 62790 Other nursery workers and gardeners 62800 Farm machinery operators 62920 Other animal workers e.g., dogs, elephants 62930 Other plant workers e.g., gathers of herbs etc. 62940 Groundskeepers, etc. 62990 Others in agricultural or husbandry 63110 Woodsmen and workers in the woods, nfs 63120 Lumbermen, loggers and kindred workers 63130 River drivers 63140 Wood cutters and choppers 63190 Others in logging and wood cutting 63220 Foresters and wood wardens 63230 Forestry workers 63240 Timber cruisers 63250 Forest fire-fighters 63290 Other forestry workers 64100 Fishermen 64920 Fish farm workers 64930 Oyster farm workers 64940 Whale hunters 64950 Whale or seal hunters 64960 Seal hunters 64970 Trappers or hunters 64990 Other fishermen, hunters and related workers 71120 Miners 71130 Quarrymen 71190 Others working in mines and quarries 71200 Mineral or stone treaters 71300 Well drillers, borers and related workers 72000 Metal workers, specialisation unknown 72100 Metal smelter and furnacemen 72200 Metal rollers 72300 Metal melters and reheaters, and workers in metal melting mills 72400 Metal casters and workers in metal casting plants 72500 Metal moulders and coremakers 72600 Metal annealers, temperers and hardeners 72700 Metal drawers and workers in metal drawing 72800 Metal platers and coaters 72900 Other (specialised) metal workers 73100 Wood treaters 73200 Sawyers and other titled wood/sawmill operatives 73300 Papermill machine operators and paper makers 74000 Chemical workers, product nfs 74100 Drug workers 74200 Gunpowder and explosive makers 74320 Charcoal burners 74330 Coal gas makers 74340 Tar makers 74390 Other coal product makers e.g., coke 74420 Salt makers 74430 Alkali and soda makers 74500 Oil mill workers 74620 Paint and varnish makers 74630 Dye makers 74640 Ink, blacking, colouring, etc., makers 74720 Tallow chandlers, candle makers and grease makers 74730 Soap and perfume makers 74740 Glue, size and gelatine makers 74750 Wax and polish makers 74920 Fertilizer and manure makers 74930 Starch makers 74940 Turpentine makers 74990 Specified chemical workers nec 75000 Textile workers, specialisation unknown 75100 Fibre preparers 75200 Spinners, doublers, twisters and winders 75300 Weaving and knitting-machine setters and pattern-card preparers 75400 Weavers 75500 Knitters 75600 Bleachers, dyer or textile product finisher 75700 Rope makers 75920 Net maker 75990 Other specialised textile workers nec 76110 Tanners or fellmongers, specialisation unknown 76120 Fellmongers 76130 Tanners 76140 Leather curriers and finishers 76190 Other specified leather curers 76200 Fur and pelt dressers 77100 Millers and related workers 77200 Sugar refiners 77310 Butchers 77320 Pork butchers 77340 Slaughterer, meat cutters or meat packer 77350 Sausage makers 77360 Fish butchers 77380 Meat cannery workers and other meat preservers (not sausages) 77390 Other workers in meat preparation 77400 Cannery workers and other food preservers 77500 Butter, cheese and dairy product makers 77610 Baker and confectioner 77620 Bakers 77630 Confectioners and pastry makers 77640 Candy makers 77650 Chocolate makers 77690 Other baked goods makers 77700 Tea, coffee and cocoa preparers 77820 Brewers 77830 Maltsters 77840 Wine workers 77850 Vinegar makers and workers 77860 Distillers 77870 Makers of soft drinks 77880 Bottlers 77890 Other drinks makers and workers 77990 Other food and beverage processors 78100 Tobacco preparers and tobacco factory workers 78200 Cigar makers 78300 Cigarette makers 78400 Other tobacco product makers 79120 Tailors and tailoresses 79130 Dressmakers 79190 Other garment makers 79200 Furriers and fur workers 79320 Milliners 79330 Hat makers 79340 Straw hat makers 79390 Other hat makers 79400 Glove makers and related workers 79520 Seamstresses 79530 Sewers and sewing machine operators 79540 Embroiderers 79590 Others hand sewers 79620 Upholsterers (except vehicle) 79630 Vehicle trimmers and upholsterers 79640 Mattress makers 79690 Others working in upholstery jobs 79920 Sail, tent and awning makers 79930 Umbrella makers 79940 Artificial flower makers 79990 Other cloth and related product manufacturing workers 80100 Boot and shoe makers and repairers 80200 Specialised occupations in the boot and shoe making industry 80320 Saddlers and harness makers 80330 Trunk or bag maker 80390 Other leather goods makers 81120 Cabinet makers 81130 Chair makers 81140 Wicker furniture makers 81190 Other furniture makers 81210 Woodworkers 81220 Sawyers, woodworking 81230 Wood turners and handle makers 81240 Wood planers 81250 Wood carvers 81290 Other woodworking machine operators 81300 Coach, carriage and wagon makers 81400 Wheelwrights and cartwrights 81500 Coopers, hoop makers and benders 81600 Clog makers 81710 Box makers nfs 81720 Wooden box makers 81730 Paper box makers 81790 Box makers nec 81920 Wooden tool makers 81930 Ski makers 81990 Other makers of wooden products 82000 Stone carvers or cutters and stone yard workers 83120 Blacksmiths 83130 Hammersmiths 83140 Forgemen 83150 Farriers or horseshoers 83160 Specialised makers of forged metal products 83190 Other blacksmiths, hammermen and forgeing-press operators 83210 Tool makers nfs 83220 Tool and die makers 83230 Pattern makers nfs and nec 83290 Other tool makers and metal markers 83310 Metalworking machine operators 83320 Metal turners 83390 Other metal working machine operators 83400 Machinists 83520 Metal polishers and finishers 83530 Metal grinders and sharpeners 83540 Cutlers and cutting instrument makers 83550 Cutler (knives, forks, spoon) 83590 Other metal grinders, polishers and tool sharpeners nec 83600 Gunsmiths 83700 Locksmiths 83820 Saw makers 83830 Saw, spade, shovel and half wood/half metal agricultural instrument type things 83840 Chain makers 83850 Nailer and nail makers 83860 Wire makers 83890 Other metal workers nec 84110 Mechanics 84120 Millwrights 84130 Machine makers, builders and fitters 84140 Engine and locomotive builders 84150 Sewing machine makers and builders 84190 Other machinery fitters and machine assemblers 84220 Watch and clock makers 84230 Optical instrument makers and workers (not opticians) 84290 Other specialized instrument makers (not musical instrument makers) 84300 Bicycle makers 84400 Motor vehicle manufacturing and repair workers, specialization unknown 84460 Automobile manufacturing workers 84900 Others in machinery 85100 Electrical fitters and electrical equipment assemblers 85500 Electricians and wiremen 85600 Telephone and telegraph installers 85700 Linesmen: telephone, telegraph and electric 85920 Electrical products inspector or tester 85990 Other electrical fitters and related electrical workers 87120 Plumbers 87130 Pipe fitters 87220 Welders 87230 Braziers 87250 Flamecutter 87290 Other welders, braziers, solderers 87320 Sheet metal worker, general 87330 Coppersmith or copperware maker 87340 Tinsmith, tinner or tinker 87350 Boilermaker 87390 Other sheet metal workers 87420 Structural metal workers 87430 Rivetters nec 87490 Other structural metal preparers and erectors 87520 Ship and boat builders 87530 Shipwrights and ship joiners 87540 Ship's carpenters 87550 Block, mast and tackle makers 87560 Caulker 87590 Other ship builders 88020 Jewellers 88030 Goldsmith 88040 Silversmith 88050 Working with gems and stones 88090 Other jewellery and precious metal workers 89120 Glass makers 89130 Glass bottle makers 89190 Other specific glass makers 89200 Pottery and porcelain makers and workers 89300 Brick and tile makers 89400 Glass engravers, etchers and finishers 89500 Pottery and porcelain painters 89620 Cement makers 89630 Lime burners 89700 Clay-based products makers 90100 Rubber product makers 90200 Tire makers and vulcanisers 91020 Paper and paperboard products makers, except boxes 91090 Other paper product makers 91100 Paper and paper board product makers 92000 Printers nec 92110 Printers nfs 92120 Compositors 92190 Other compositors and typesetters 92200 Lithographic printers 92300 Stereotypers and electrotypers 92400 Lithographers 92500 Photo-engravers 92600 Bookbinders and related workers 92800 Textile printers 92900 Other printers and related workers 93110 Painters, nfs 93120 Painters, construction 93130 Painters, ship 93190 Other specialised painters nec 93200 Decorators 93320 Lacquerers and enamellers 93330 Japanners 93400 Gilders 94110 Musical instrument maker nfs 94120 Piano maker 94130 Piano tuner 94140 Organ builder 94190 Other musical instrument makers and tuner 94220 Basket makers 94230 Brush makers 94240 Broom makers 94290 Bristle and straw workers nec 94300 Non-metallic mineral product makers 94910 Other production or related worker, specialisation unknown 94920 Animal stuffers, taxidermists and shell workers 94930 Linoleum makers and floor cloth makers 94940 Toy and doll makers 94990 Production and related workers nec 95110 Mason nfs or combined 95120 Bricklayers 95130 Stone masons 95140 Plasterers 95150 Paviours 95160 Marble mason 95190 Others in construction 95200 Cement masons and finishers 95310 Roofer, specialisation unknown 95320 Slate and tile roofers 95330 Thatchers 95390 Other roofers 95410 Carpenter and joiner 95420 Carpenters 95430 Joiners 95440 Scaffolders 95490 Other wooden construction workers 95600 Pipe coverers and insulators 95700 Glaziers 95910 Construction workers nec 95920 Paperhangers 95930 Carpet planners 95940 Whitewashers 95950 Demolition workers 95960 Marblers 95990 Others in building construction 96100 Electricity generators 96220 Engineers (US) nfs 96230 Stationary engineers and engine men 96240 Stationary firemen and firemen nfs 96900 Other stationary engine and related equipment operators 97120 Ship boat loaders and dock workers 97130 Railway freight handlers 97140 Porters 97150 Packers 97190 Other freight handlers 97210 Riggers nec or nfs 97220 Ship riggers 97300 Crane and hoist operators 97410 Navvy, excavator and diggers, nfs 97420 Road builders, workers and labourers 97430 Railway builders, workers and labourers 97440 Waterway and harbour builders, workers and labourers 97490 Other road, railway and related construction labourers 97900 Material handling equipment operators nec 98120 Seamen 98130 Boatmen and canalmen 98190 Other crew of boats, ships, etc. 98200 Ship's engine men 98300 Railway/railroad locomotive operators 98320 Railway/railroad engineers and enginemen 98330 Railway/railroad firemen and stokers 98420 Railway brakemen 98430 Railway signallers 98440 Railway switchmen and shunters 98490 Others skilled railway workers 98510 Drivers, nec 98520 Drivers (private) 98530 Drivers (personal, for hire) 98540 Drivers (public) 98550 Delivery men and drivers of goods 98560 Drivers (general haulage) 98562 Carter (agricultural) 98570 Teamsters (inc. mine driver, etc.) 98590 Others drivers 98700 Lock and gate keepers 98720 Lock keepers 98730 Gate keepers 98900 Other transport equipment operators 99120 Labourers nfs 99130 Common labourers or general labourers 99140 Day labourers (e.g., journalier) 99150 Worker nfs 99200 Factory labourers (unspecified) 99300 Occupational title unclassifiable 99420 Assistants nfs 99430 Helpers nfs 99440 Helpers of relative or helping at home 99450 Apprentices nfs 99500 Ambiguous responses 99998 Alternative occupation (Sweden) 99999 No occupation/unknown OCCHISCO is a uniformly coded classification of occupations that is consistent across all countries. It is the most complicated variable to code consistently in the pre-1950 samples, and the present documentation does not fully cover the issues addressed. We will be progressively adding to the level of detail available on this variable. For example, we will occasionally provide examples of common responses below each code so that users will be able to see what responses were coded where. Users with queries about the coding of specific occupations should contact the IPUMS staff in the first instance. Users interested in variation in occupational responses below the level of detail provided in the codes (e.g., distinguishing "caretakers" from "janitors") should look at the OCCSTRNG variable. The codes for OCC were adapted from the Historical International Standard Classification of Occupations (HISCO) coding scheme. More information on HISCO is available in M.H.D. van Leeuwen, I. Maas and A. Miles. (2002) HISCO: Historical International Standard Classification of Occupations. Leuven: Leuven University Press. HISCO in turn is based on the International Standard Classification of Occupations from 1968, commonly known as ISCO-68. Information on HISCO can also be located at the HISCO database of occupational titles, and the International Institute of Social History. More information on the adaptations IPUMS made to HISCO can be found in the article "Occupational Classification in the North Atlantic Population Project" (2003), Historical Methods, Vol. 36, No. 2 (Part 2), pp.89-96. Structure of the classification scheme The classification scheme is hierarchical, in the sense that each digit in the 5 digit codes introduces a new level of detail. Codes sharing the same first 1, 2 or 3 digits are considered to be increasingly similar. For example, all people working in agriculture have the first digit 6. The first digit of a code indicates the "Major group" a person's occupation is in. The second digit indicates a "Minor group" distinction. Continuing the previous example, people who have the first two digits "61" are farmers - who may specify what they are cultivating or tending - and farm managers. Thus, as well as sharing the characteristic of working in agriculture (6) they also share the characteristic of being owners or managers (61). The first 3 digits denote the "Unit group" of an occupation. At the third digit level, we introduce more detail. For example, the unit group "612" indicates "Specialized farmers". Within this unit group, 4th and 5th digit distinctions known as "titles" or "headings" are made. For example, "61220" indicates "Field crop farmers," and "61230" indicates "Orchardists and fruit farmers." Understanding headings In general, if the last two digits of a code are "00" the heading is reserved for general titles. For example, in unit group "721" for "Metal smelter and furnace workers", the heading "72100" is reserved for responses such as "Metal smelter" and "Furnace men." If the last two digits of a code are "10" the heading is reserved for "not further specified" titles (often abbreviated "n.f.s." or "nfs" in syntax files), and codes ending in "20", "30" and higher multiples of 10 are reserved for responses with more detail on some aspect of the occupation. For example, "58210" is the code for "Policemen and detectives, employer unknown," whereas "58220" and "58230" are the codes for "Policemen and detectives, public service," and "Policemen and detectives, private service" respectively. Headings ending in digits other than "0" (e.g., 2, 3, 4, 9) are generally reserved for frequent responses specific to a particular country that probably belong with responses sharing the same first four digits of the heading. For example, "61115" ("Husbandman or cottar") in Norway and Sweden and "61117" ("Female farmer") in Canada could be classified with "Other general farmers" ("61110"), but occurred frequently enough that we felt they should be given a separate code for easier identification. If the last two digits of a code are "90", the heading is reserved for "not elsewhere classified" responses. For example, "58290" is the code for "Other law enforcement officers". The difference between "n.f.s." and "n.e.c." responses is that "n.f.s." responses are quite general, and may not offer much detail on the tasks and duties of the job. Conversely, "n.e.c." responses are typically quite detailed in the information provided, but there are not enough similar responses to justify a separate heading. Alterations to HISCO Compared to HISCO we have reduced the overall number of headings, while still introducing new ones, and retaining more detail from vaguely specified occupations. In general, we made the fewest changes to the structure of the HISCO codes in major groups 0 and 1 (professional workers). We re-organized the codes within major groups 2 (administrative and managerial workers), 3 (clerical workers), 4 (sales workers), 5 (service workers), and 6 (workers in agriculture). We made the most substantial revisions in moving people between major groups in the manufacturing and transport major groups (7, 8, and 9). In particular, we created codes for vague responses of the form "Works in [specified type of] factory," such as "Works in cotton mill." We grouped these workers with "Laborers" and titled, skilled workers in the same general industry. We eliminated codes where HISCO made distinctions that were not consistently made in nineteenth century census data. For example, HISCO distinguished between hand and machine spinners. We found that most spinners did not specify whether they were spinning by hand or machine, more often giving information on what they were spinning (e.g., cotton, wool, silk), or a firm's name. We introduced codes to handle vague occupations, as discussed above. We also created codes to retain linguistic and nominal distinctions above a rough frequency level. These distinctions are generally made in the fourth and fifth digit of the codes. For example, we distinguish between "Farm workers, specialisation unknown" (62110) and "Farmer's sons and other male relatives" (62113), because "farmer's son" was a numerically significant response in Canada. Both are considered part of the "Farm labourers and helpers, general farming and n.f.s" unit group (621). Other variables Responses to the occupational questions also returned information that cannot be classified within an occupational classification scheme, such as relationship to workers, or indications of status. Please see the documentation for the variables OCRELATE and OCSTATUS. Information on the products sold by retail workers (Major Group 4) is available in the variable PRODUCT. Occupations were also coded into domestic occupational classification schemes in Great Britain, Norway, and the United States. See the documentation for the following variables for more information. Norway OC1HIRNO OC1TRDNO OC2HIRNO OC2TRDNO United Kingdom OCCICEM United States OCC95US IPUMS Industry 1950 basis, U.S. 000 NIU (not in universe) 105 Agriculture 106 Own farm 116 Forestry 126 Fisheries 136 Hunting 206 Metal mining 216 Coal mining 226 Crude petroleum and natural gas extraction 236 Nonmetallic mining and quarrying, except fuel 239 Mining, not specified 246 Construction 306 Logging 307 Sawmills, planing mills, and mill work 308 Miscellaneous wood products 309 Furniture and fixtures 316 Glass and glass products 317 Cement, concrete, gypsum and plaster products 318 Structural clay products 319 Pottery and related products 326 Miscellaneous nonmetallic mineral and stone products 336 Blast furnaces, steel works, and rolling mills 337 Other primary iron and steel industries 338 Primary nonferrous industries 346 Fabricated steel products 347 Fabricated nonferrous metal products 348 Not specified metal industries 356 Agricultural machinery and tractors 357 Office and store machines and devices 358 Miscellaneous machinery 367 Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies 376 Motor vehicles and motor vehicle equipment 377 Aircraft and parts 378 Ship and boat building and repairing 379 Railroad and miscellaneous transportation equipment 386 Professional equipment and supplies 387 Photographic equipment and supplies 388 Watches, clocks, and clockwork-operated devices 399 Miscellaneous manufacturing industries 406 Meat products 407 Dairy products 408 Canning and preserving fruits, vegetables, and seafoods 409 Grain-mill products 416 Bakery products 417 Confectionery and related products 418 Beverage industries 419 Miscellaneous food preparations and kindred products 426 Not specified food industries 429 Tobacco manufactures 436 Knitting mills 437 Dyeing and finishing textiles, except knit goods 438 Carpets, rugs, and other floor coverings 439 Yarn, thread, and fabric mills 446 Miscellaneous textile mill products 448 Apparel and accessories 449 Miscellaneous fabricated textile products 456 Pulp, paper, and paperboard mills 457 Paperboard containers and boxes 458 Miscellaneous paper and pulp products 459 Printing, publishing, and allied industries 466 Synthetic fibers 467 Drugs and medicines 468 Paints, varnishes, and related products 469 Miscellaneous chemicals and allied products 476 Petroleum refining 477 Miscellaneous petroleum and coal products 478 Rubber products 487 Leather: tanned, curried, and finished 488 Footwear, except rubber 489 Leather products, except footwear 499 Not specified manufacturing industries 506 Railroads and railway express service 516 Street railways and bus lines 526 Trucking service 527 Warehousing and storage 536 Taxicab service 546 Water transportation 556 Air transportation 567 Petroleum and gasoline pipe lines 568 Services incidental to transportation 578 Telephone 579 Telegraph 586 Electric light and power 587 Gas and steam supply systems 588 Electric-gas utilities 596 Water supply 597 Sanitary services 598 Other and not specified utilities 606 Motor vehicles and equipment 607 Drugs, chemicals, and allied products 608 Dry goods apparel 609 Food and related products 616 Electrical goods, hardware, and plumbing equipment 617 Machinery, equipment, and supplies 618 Petroleum products 619 Farm products--raw materials 626 Miscellaneous wholesale trade 627 Not specified wholesale trade 636 Food stores, except dairy products 637 Dairy products stores and milk retailing 646 General merchandise stores 647 Five and ten cent stores 656 Apparel and accessories stores, except shoe 657 Shoe stores 658 Furniture and house furnishing stores 659 Household appliance and radio stores 667 Motor vehicles and accessories retailing 668 Gasoline service stations 669 Drug stores 679 Eating and drinking places 686 Hardware and farm implement stores 687 Lumber and building material retailing 688 Liquor stores 689 Retail florists 696 Jewelry stores 697 Fuel and ice retailing 698 Miscellaneous retail stores 699 Not specified retail trade 716 Banking and credit agencies 726 Security and commodity brokerage and investment companies 736 Insurance 746 Real estate 756 Real estate-insurance-law offices 806 Advertising 807 Accounting, auditing, and bookkeeping services 808 Miscellaneous business services 816 Auto repair services and garages 817 Miscellaneous repair services 826 Private households 836 Hotels and lodging places 846 Laundering, cleaning, and dyeing services 847 Dressmaking shops 848 Shoe repair shops 849 Miscellaneous personal services 856 Radio broadcasting and television 857 Theaters and motion pictures 858 Bowling alleys, and billiard and pool parlors 859 Miscellaneous entertainment and recreation services 868 Medical and other health services, except hospitals 869 Hospitals 879 Legal services 888 Educational services 896 Welfare and religious services 897 Nonprofit membership organizations 898 Engineering and architectural services 899 Miscellaneous professional and related services 900 Library, museum, and other related institutions 906 Postal service 916 Federal public administration 926 State public administration 936 Local public administration 946 Public Administration, level not specified 976 Common or General laborer 982 Housework at home 983 School response (students, etc.) 984 Retired 986 Sick or disabled 987 Institution response 991 Lady/Man of leisure 995 Non-industrial response 997 Nonclassifiable 998 Industry not reported IND95US provides a consistent classification of industry across U.S. samples and the 1891 and 1911 censuses of Canada. Industry describes the type of goods or services produced by the place in which a person worked. Note regarding universe: "New workers" are persons seeking employment for the first time who had not yet secured their first job. IPUMS Duncan Socioeconomic Index, United States SEIUS is a constructed variable that assigns a Duncan Socioeconomic Index (SEI) score to each occupation. The SEI, based on the 1950 occupational classification system, is a measure of occupational status based upon the income level and educational attainment associated with each occupation in 1950. The score was derived by using median income and education levels for men in 1950 to predict prestige assessments from a 1947 survey (of a select group of occupations). The resulting statistical model was used to generate scores for the entire range of 1950 occupations. See O. D. Duncan, "A Socioeconomic Index for All Occupations," in A. Reiss et al., Occupations and Social Status (Free Press, 1961). CodesSEIUS is a 2-digit numeric variable. IPUMS Occupational income score, United States OCSCORUS is a constructed variable that assigns occupational income scores to each occupation on the basis of OCC50US. The construction of this variable is described in the IPUMS USA documentation, Chapter 4, "Occupation Codes and Income Scores", which users should read before using this variable. In essence, OCSCORUS assigns each occupation in all years a value representing the median total income (in hundreds of 1950 dollars) of all persons with that particular occupation in 1950. That is, it provides a continuous measure of occupations according to the economic rewards enjoyed by people working at them in 1950. OCSCORUS is a 2-digit numeric variable. Codes00=N/A Maximum value: 80 IPUMS Occupation as transcribed OCCSTRNG is an alphabetic variable that preserves the transcription of an individual's response to questions about their occupation. Although the various occupation and industry codes preserve significant detail on occupation and industry, much variation exists in the occupational strings. OCCSTRNG will primarily be of interest to researchers who are linking census data to other sources, or are investigating occupations at a much more detailed level than offered by the various coding schemes. The collection of occupation information was extensively covered in the instructions to enumerators. Researchers who are interested in OCCSTRNG should also read the enumerator instructions for assistance in interpreting occupational responses. Because of the size of this variable (30 columns), users should not select this variable unless it is essential for their research. Users should be aware that some responses are truncated at this length. OCCSTRNG is a 30-character string variable. IPUMS Surname similarity 001 1st surname in household 002 2 003 3 004 4 005 5 006 6 007 7 008 8 009 9 010 10 011 11 012 12 013 13 014 14 015 15 016 16 017 17 018 18 019 19 020 20 021 21 022 22 023 23 024 24 025 25 026 26 027 27 028 28 029 29 030 30 031 31 032 32 033 33 034 34 035 35 036 36 037 37 038 38 039 39 040 40 041 41 042 42 043 43 044 44 045 45 046 46 047 47 048 48 049 49 050 50 051 51 052 52 053 53 054 54 055 55 056 56 057 57 058 58 059 59 060 60 SURSIM assigns the same code to all persons within each household who had the same surname. Persons coded 1, including the household head, had the same surname as the household head. Other surnames are assigned codes in the order in which they appear within the household on the census form. Persons within a household who shared a surname will have the same code for this variable. IPUMS Last name NAMELAST is an alphabetic variable giving a person's full last name. It will primarily be of use to researchers linking the IPUMS historical census data to other sources of demographic data, or researchers whose research topic involves naming patterns. Because of the length of this variable (32 columns), and the size of the dataset, other researchers should not select this variable. NAMELAST is used to produce the variable SURSIM which assigns the same code to all persons within each household who had a shared surname. This is a 32-digit numeric variable with 0 implied decimal places IPUMS First name NAMEFRST is an alphabetic variable giving a person's full first name. It will primarily be of use to researchers linking the historical census data to other sources of demographic data, or researchers whose research topic involves naming patterns. Because of the length of this variable (32 columns), and the size of the dataset other researchers should not select this variable. This is a 32-digit numeric variable with 0 implied decimal places IPUMS Person number (within household) United States 1880 (100%): All records 00 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 Person number (within household). IPUMS Person number in sample unit United States 1880 (100%): All persons 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 Person number in sample unit. IPUMS Sample-line weight (integral) United States 1880 (100%): All persons 1 1 Sample-line weight (integral). IPUMS Person weight (integral) United States 1880 (100%): All persons 1 1 Person weight (integral). IPUMS Mother's location in the household United States 1880 (100%): All persons 00 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 Mother's location in the household. IPUMS Probable step/adopted mother United States 1880 (100%): All persons No stepmother present 1 Improbable age difference 2 Spouse of father 3 Identified stepmother 5 Identified as adopted Probable step/adopted mother. IPUMS Rule for linking mother United States 1880 (100%): All persons No mother link 1 Unambiguous mother link 2 Daughter/grandchild link 3 Preceding female (no intervening person) 4 Preceding female (surname similarity) 7 Spouse of father becomes stepmother Rule for linking mother. IPUMS Father's location in the household United States 1880 (100%): All persons 00 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 Father's location in the household. IPUMS Probable step/adopted father United States 1880 (100%): All persons No stepfather present 1 Improbable age difference 2 Spouse of mother 3 Identified stepfather 5 Identified as adopted 7 Surname difference -- male child or never-married female Probable step/adopted father. IPUMS Rule for linking father United States 1880 (100%): All persons No father link 1 Unambiguous father link 2 Son/granchild link 3 Preceding male (no intervening person) 4 Preceding male (surname similarity) 7 Husband of mother becomes stepfather Rule for linking father. IPUMS Spouse's location in household United States 1880 (100%): All persons 00 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 Spouse's location in household. IPUMS Rule for linking spouse United States 1880 (100%): All persons No spouse link 1 Wife follows husband 2 Wife precedes husband 3 Non-adjacent links -- consistent relationship to head/age differences 4 Adjacent links (wife follows husband -- no age, other relative conflicts) 5 Adjacent links (wife precedes husband -- no age, other relative conflicts) 6 Non-adjacent links -- no age, other relative conflicts 7 Previously allocated marital status -- no age, other relative conflicts Rule for linking spouse. IPUMS Number of own family members in household United States 1880 (100%): All persons 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 43 43 45 45 47 47 49 49 50 50 53 53 55 55 Number of own family members in household. IPUMS Number of own children in the household United States 1880 (100%): All persons 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 7 7 8 8 9 9 or more Number of own children in the household. IPUMS Number of own children under age 5 in household United States 1880 (100%): All persons 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 7 7 8 8 9 9 or more Number of own children under age 5 in household. IPUMS Family unit membership United States 1880 (100%): All persons 01 1st family in household or group quarters 02 2nd family in household or group quarters 03 3rd 04 4th 05 5th 06 6th 07 7th 08 8th 09 9th 10 10th 11 11th 12 12th 13 13th 14 14th 15 15th 16 16th 17 17th 18 18th 19 19th 20 20th 21 21th 22 22th 23 23th 24 24th 25 25th 26 26th 27 27th 28 28th 29 29th 30 30th 31 31st 32 32nd 33 33rd 34 34th 35 35th 36 36th 37 37th 38 38th 39 39th 40 40th 41 41st 42 42nd 43 43rd 44 44th 45 45th 46 46th 47 47th 48 48th 49 49th 50 50th 51 51st 52 52nd 53 53rd 54 54th 55 55th 56 56th 57 57th 58 58th 59 59th 60 60th Family unit membership. IPUMS Age of eldest own child in household United States 1880 (100%): Persons with own children in the household 00 Less than 1 year old 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 64 64 65 65 66 66 67 67 68 68 69 69 70 70 71 71 72 72 73 73 74 74 75 75 76 76 77 77 78 78 79 79 80 80 81 81 82 82 83 83 84 84 85 85 86 86 87 87 88 88 89 89 90 90 91 91 92 92 93 93 94 94 95 95 96 96 97 97 98 98 99 NIU (not in universe) Age of eldest own child in household. IPUMS Age of youngest own child in household United States 1880 (100%): Persons with own children in the household 00 Less than 1 year old 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 64 64 65 65 66 66 67 67 68 68 69 69 70 70 71 71 72 72 73 73 74 74 75 75 76 76 77 77 78 78 79 79 80 80 81 81 82 82 83 83 84 84 85 85 86 86 87 87 88 88 89 89 90 90 91 91 92 92 93 93 94 94 95 95 96 96 99 NIU (not in universe) Age of youngest own child in household. IPUMS Number of own siblings in household United States 1880 (100%): All persons 0 siblings 1 1 sibling 2 2 siblings 3 3 siblings 4 4 siblings 5 5 siblings 6 6 siblings 7 7 siblings 8 8 siblings 9 9 or more siblings Number of own siblings in household. IPUMS Relationship to household head <svar a="all" v="US80A411">08. Relationship of each person to the head of this family:<br /><br /><div class="i1">[] Wife<br />[] Son<br />[] Daughter<br />[] Servant<br />[] Boarder<br />[] Other</div><br /></svar> United States 1880 (100%): All persons 0101 Head/householder 0201 Spouse 0202 2nd/3rd wife (polygamous) 0301 Child 0302 Adopted child 0303 Stepchild 0304 Adopted, n.s. 0401 Child-in-law 0402 Step child-in-law 0501 Parent 0502 Step Parent 0601 Parent-in-law 0602 Step Parent-in-law 0701 Sibling 0702 Step/half/adopted sibling 0801 Sibling-in-Law 0802 Step/half sibling-in-law 0901 Grandchild 0902 Adopted grandchild 0903 Step grandchild 0904 Grandchild-in-law 1000 Other Relatives: 1001 Other relatives, n.s. 1011 Grandparent 1012 Step grandparent 1013 Grandparent-in-law 1021 Aunt or uncle 1022 Aunt-/uncle-in-law 1031 Nephew, niece 1032 Nephew/niece-in-law 1033 Step/adopted nephew/niece 1034 Grand niece/nephew 1041 Cousin 1042 Cousin-in-law 1051 Great grandchild 1061 Other relatives, n.e.c. 1100 Partner, friend, visitor 1110 Partner/friend 1111 Friend 1112 Partner 1115 Housemate/roommate 1120 Relative of partner 1130 Concubine/mistress and children 1131 Visitor 1132 Companion and companion's family 1200 Other non-relatives 1201 Roomers/boarders/lodgers 1202 Boarders 1203 Lodgers 1204 Roomer 1205 Tenant 1206 Foster child 1210 Employees: 1211 Servant 1212 Housekeeper 1213 Maid 1214 Cook 1215 Nurse 1216 Other probable domestic employee 1217 Other employees 1219 Relative of employee 1221 Military 1222 Students 1223 Members of religious orders 1230 Other non-relatives 1301 Institutional inmates Relationship to household head. IPUMS Age <svar a="all" v="US80A408 US80A409">06. Age:<br /><div class="i1">If under 1 year, give months in fractions, thus, 3/12.<br /><br />____ Age at last birthday prior to June 1, 1880.<br /><br />07. ____ If born within the census year, give the month</div><br /></svar> United States 1880 (100%): All persons 000 Less than 1 year old 001 1 002 2 003 3 004 4 005 5 006 6 007 7 008 8 009 9 010 10 011 11 012 12 013 13 014 14 015 15 016 16 017 17 018 18 019 19 020 20 021 21 022 22 023 23 024 24 025 25 026 26 027 27 028 28 029 29 030 30 031 31 032 32 033 33 034 34 035 35 036 36 037 37 038 38 039 39 040 40 041 41 042 42 043 43 044 44 045 45 046 46 047 47 048 48 049 49 050 50 051 51 052 52 053 53 054 54 055 55 056 56 057 57 058 58 059 59 060 60 061 61 062 62 063 63 064 64 065 65 066 66 067 67 068 68 069 69 070 70 071 71 072 72 073 73 074 74 075 75 076 76 077 77 078 78 079 79 080 80 081 81 082 82 083 83 084 84 085 85 086 86 087 87 088 88 089 89 090 90 091 91 092 92 093 93 094 94 095 95 096 96 097 97 098 98 099 99 100 100 101 101 102 102 103 103 104 104 105 105 106 106 107 107 108 108 109 109 110 110 111 111 112 112 113 113 114 114 115 115 116 116 117 117 118 118 119 119 120 120 121 121 122 122 123 123 124 124 125 125 126 126 130 130 127 127 128 128 131 131 133 133 134 134 140 140 Age. IPUMS Sex <svar a="all" v="US80A410">05. Sex :<br /><div class="i1">[] M Males<br />[] F Females</div><br /></svar> United States 1880 (100%): All persons 1 Male 2 Female Sex. IPUMS Race <svar a="all" v="US80A412">04. Color:<br /><div class="i1">[] W White<br />[] B Black<br />[] Mu Mulatto<br />[] C Chinese<br />[] I Indian</div><br /></svar> United States 1880 (100%): All persons 100 White 200 Black/Negro 210 Mulatto 300 American Indian/Alaska Native (AIAN) 400 Chinese 500 Japanese Race. IPUMS Marital status <span class="h3">Civil condition</span><div class="i1"><svar a="all" v="US80A407">09. [] Single.<br />10. [] Married.<br />11. [] Widowed; Divorced<br />12. [] Married during census year<br /></svar></div><p>Note E: Question No. 12 will only be asked in cases where an affirmative answer has been given either to question 10 or to question 11 United States 1880 (100%): All persons 1 Married, spouse present 2 Married, spouse absent 4 Divorced 5 Widowed 6 Never married/single Marital status. IPUMS Married within the past year <span class="h3">Civil condition</span><div class="i1"><svar a="all" v="US80A407">09. [] Single.<br />10. [] Married.<br />11. [] Widowed; Divorced<br />12. [] Married during census year<br /></svar></div><p>Note E: Question No. 12 will only be asked in cases where an affirmative answer has been given either to question 10 or to question 11 United States 1880 (100%): All persons 1 Blank (No) 2 Yes 9 Unknown Married within the past year. IPUMS Birthplace <svar a="all" v="US80A402">24. Birthplace:<br /><div class="i1">____ Place of birth of this person<br />____ State or Territory of United States,<br />____ Country, if of foreign birth</div><br /></svar> United States 1880 (100%): All persons 00100 Alabama 00200 Alaska 00400 Arizona 00500 Arkansas 00600 California 00800 Colorado 00900 Connecticut 01000 Delaware 01100 District of Columbia 01200 Florida 01300 Georgia 01500 Hawaii 01600 Idaho 01610 Idaho Territory 01700 Illinois 01800 Indiana 01900 Iowa 02000 Kansas 02100 Kentucky 02200 Louisiana 02300 Maine 02400 Maryland 02500 Massachusetts 02600 Michigan 02700 Minnesota 02800 Mississippi 02900 Missouri 03000 Montana 03100 Nebraska 03200 Nevada 03300 New Hampshire 03400 New Jersey 03500 New Mexico 03510 New Mexico Territory 03600 New York 03700 North Carolina 03800 North Dakota 03900 Ohio 04000 Oklahoma 04010 Indian Territory 04100 Oregon 04200 Pennsylvania 04400 Rhode Island 04500 South Carolina 04600 South Dakota 04610 Dakota Territory 04700 Tennessee 04800 Texas 04900 Utah 04910 Utah Territory 05000 Vermont 05100 Virginia 05300 Washington 05400 West Virginia 05500 Wisconsin 05600 Wyoming 05610 Wyoming Territory 09000 Native American 09900 United States, n.s. 10000 American Samoa 10500 Guam 11000 Puerto Rico 11500 U.S. Virgin Islands 11510 St. Croix 11520 St. John 11530 St. Thomas 15000 Canada 15010 English Canada 15011 British Columbia 15013 Alberta 15015 Saskatchewan 15017 Northwest 15020 Manitoba 15021 Red River 15030 Ontario/Upper Canada 15031 Upper Canada 15032 Canada West 15040 New Brunswick 15050 Nova Scotia 15051 Cape Breton 15052 Halifax 15060 Prince Edward Island 15070 Newfoundland 15080 French Canada 15081 Quebec 15082 Lower Canada 15083 Canada East 15500 St. Pierre and Miquelon 16000 Atlantic Islands 16010 Bermuda 16020 Cape Verde 16030 Falkland Islands 16040 Greenland 16050 St. Helena and Ascension 16060 Canary Islands 19900 North America, n.s. / n.e.c. 20000 Mexico 21000 Central America 21010 Belize/British Honduras 21020 Costa Rica 21030 El Salvador 21040 Guatemala 21050 Honduras 21060 Nicaragua 21070 Panama 25000 Cuba 26000 West Indies 26010 Dominican Republic 26020 Haiti 26030 Jamaica 26040 British West Indies 26042 Antigua-Barbuda 26043 Bahamas 26044 Barbados 26053 Cayman Isles 26054 Dominica 26055 Grenada 26057 St. Kitts-Nevis 26058 St. Lucia 26059 St. Vincent 26060 Trinidad and Tobago 26061 Turks and Caicos 26069 British West Indies, n.s./ n.e.c. 26070 Other West Indies 26074 Curacao 26077 St. Eustatius 26079 Dutch Caribbean, n.s./ n.e.c. 26080 French St. Maarten 26081 Guadeloupe 26082 Martinique 26083 St. Barthelemy 26091 Caribbean, n.s. / n.e.c. 26094 West Indies, n.s. 30000 South America 30005 Argentina 30010 Bolivia 30015 Brazil 30020 Chile 30025 Colombia 30030 Ecuador 30035 French Guiana 30040 Guyana/British Guiana 30045 Paraguay 30050 Peru 30055 Suriname 30060 Uruguay 30065 Venezuela 30090 South America, n.s. 40000 Denmark 40010 Faroe Islands 40100 Finland 40200 Iceland 40300 Lapland, n.s. 40400 Norway 40500 Sweden 41000 England 41010 Channel Islands 41011 Guernsey 41012 Jersey 41020 Isle of Man 41100 Scotland 41200 Wales 41300 United Kingdom, n.s./ n.e.c. 41400 Ireland 41410 Northern Ireland 41900 Northern Europe, n.s. 42000 Belgium 42100 France 42110 Alsace-Lorraine 42111 Alsace 42112 Lorraine 42200 Liechtenstein 42300 Luxembourg 42400 Monaco 42500 Netherlands 42600 Switzerland 43000 Albania 43100 Andorra 43200 Gibraltar 43300 Greece 43320 Turkey Greece 43330 Macedonia 43400 Italy 43500 Malta 43600 Portugal 43610 Azores 43620 Madeira Islands 43640 St. Miguel 43800 Spain 43900 Vatican City 45000 Austria 45010 Austria-Hungary 45020 Austria-Graz 45040 Austria-Salzburg 45050 Austria-Tyrol 45060 Austria-Vienna 45100 Bulgaria 45200 Czechoslovakia 45210 Bohemia 45211 Bohemia-Moravia 45212 Slovakia 45300 Germany 45301 Berlin 45311 Baden 45312 Bavaria 45313 Braunschweig 45314 Bremen 45315 Hamburg 45316 Hanover 45317 Hessen 45318 Hesse-Nassau 45319 Lippe 45320 Lubeck 45321 Oldenburg 45322 Rhineland 45323 Schaumburg-Lippe 45324 Schleswig 45325 Sigmaringen 45327 Westphalia 45328 Wurttemberg 45329 Waldecker 45330 Wittenberg 45332 Saarland 45333 Nordheim-Westfalen 45341 Anhalt 45342 Brandenburg 45344 Kingdom of Saxony 45345 Mecklinburg 45346 Saxony 45347 Thuringian States 45350 Probable Saxony 45351 Schwerin 45360 Prussia, n.e.c. 45361 Hohenzollern 45362 Niedersachsen 45400 Hungary 45500 Poland 45510 Austrian Poland 45511 Galicia 45520 German Poland 45521 East Prussia 45522 Pomerania 45523 Posen 45524 Prussian Poland 45525 Silesia 45526 West Prussia 45530 Russian Poland 45600 Romania 45710 Croatia 45720 Montenegro 45730 Serbia 45740 Bosnia 45750 Dalmatia 45760 Slovenia 45900 Eastern Europe, n.s. 46000 Estonia 46100 Latvia 46200 Lithuania 46300 Baltic States, n.s. 46500 Other USSR/Russia 46520 Moldavia 46530 Ukraine 46540 Armenia 46548 Siberia 49900 Europe, n.s. 50000 China 50010 Hong Kong 50020 Macau 50040 Taiwan 50100 Japan 50200 Korea 50210 North Korea 50220 South Korea 50900 East Asia, n.s. 51200 Indonesia 51210 East Indies 51400 Malaysia 51500 Philippines 51600 Singapore 51700 Thailand 51800 Vietnam 52000 Afghanistan 52100 India 52110 Bangladesh 52120 Bhutan 52130 Burma (Myanmar) 52140 Pakistan 52150 Sri Lanka (Ceylon) 52200 Iran 52400 Nepal 53100 Cyprus 53200 Iraq 53400 Israel/Palestine 53420 Palestine 53700 Lebanon 54100 Syria 54200 Turkey 54210 European Turkey 54220 Asian Turkey 54700 Middle East, n.s. 54800 Southwest Asia, n.e.c./n.s. 54900 Asia Minor, n.s. 55000 South Asia, n.e.c. 59900 Asia, n.e.c./n.s. 60000 Africa 60010 Northern Africa 60011 Algeria 60012 Egypt/United Arab Rep. 60013 Libya 60014 Morocco 60015 Sudan 60016 Tunisia 60021 Burkina Faso 60024 Guinea 60027 Liberia 60028 Mali 60031 Nigeria 60033 Sierra Leone 60038 Western Africa, n.s. 60039 French West Africa, n.s. 60040 British Indian Ocean Territory 60044 Ethiopia 60045 Kenya 60046 Madagascar 60048 Mauritius 60049 Mozambique 60052 Seychelles 60054 Tanzania 60071 Angola 60072 Cameroon 60075 Congo 60090 Southern Africa: 60094 South Africa (Union of) 60096 Southern Africa, n.s. 60099 Africa, n.s./n.e.c. 70000 Australia and New Zealand 70010 Australia 70020 New Zealand 71000 Pacific Islands 71010 New Caledonia 71012 Papua New Guinea 71013 Solomon Islands 71015 Fiji 71020 Cook Islands 71022 French Polynesia 71039 Micronesia, n.s. 71041 Marshall Islands 71047 Northern Mariana Islands 71090 Oceania, n.s./n.e.c. 90000 ABROAD (unknown) or at sea 90010 Abroad, n.s. 90011 Abroad (US citizen) 90020 At sea 90021 At sea (US citizen) Birthplace. IPUMS Foreign birthplace or parentage <svar a="all" v="US80A402">24. Birthplace:<br /><div class="i1">____ Place of birth of this person<br />____ State or Territory of United States,<br />____ Country, if of foreign birth</div><br /></svar></p> <p><svar a="all" v="US80A403">25. Father's birth place<br /><div class="i1">____ Place of birth of the father of this person<br />____ State or Territory of United States<br />____ Country, if of foreign birth</div><br /></svar></p> <p><svar a="all" v="US80A404">26. Mother's birth place<br /><div class="i1">____ Place of birth of the mother of this person<br />____ State or Territory of United States<br />____ Country, if of foreign birth</div><br /></svar> United States 1880 (100%): All persons 1 Both parents native-born 2 Father foreign, mother native 3 Mother foreign, father native 4 Both parents foreign 5 Foreign-born Foreign birthplace or parentage. IPUMS Hispanic origin United States 1880 (100%): All persons 000 Not Hispanic 100 Mexican 200 Puerto Rican 300 Cuban 411 Costa Rican 412 Guatemalan 413 Honduran 414 Nicaraguan 415 Panamanian 416 Salvadoran 417 Central American, n.e.c. 420 Argentinean 421 Bolivian 422 Chilean 423 Colombian 424 Ecuadorian 425 Paraguayan 426 Peruvian 427 Uruguayan 428 Venezuelan 429 South American Indian 430 Criollo 460 Dominican 470 Hispanic 480 Spanish 498 Other, not specified Hispanic origin. IPUMS Spanish surname United States 1880 (100%): All persons 1 No, not Spanish surname 2 Yes, Spanish surname Spanish surname. IPUMS School attendance <span class="h3">Education</span><div class="i1">21. [] Attended school within the census year<br />22. [] Can not read<br />23. [] Can not write</div> United States 1880 (100%): All persons 1 No, not in school 2 Yes, in school 9 Missing School attendance. IPUMS Labor force status <svar a="all" v="US80A405 US80A406 US80A416 US80A417 US80A422">13. ____ Profession, occupation, or trade of each person, male or female<br /></svar></p> <p>Note B: All persons will be included in the enumeration who were living on the 1st day of June. No others will. Children born since June 1, 1880 will be omitted. Members of families who have died since June 1, 1880, will be included United States 1880 (100%): Persons age 16+ NIU (not in universe) 1 No, not in the labor force 2 Yes, in the labor force Labor force status. IPUMS Occupation, 1950 basis United States 1880 (100%): Persons age 10+ and others with a regular occupation 000 Accountants and auditors 001 Actors and actresses 002 Airplane pilots and navigators 003 Architects 004 Artists and art teachers 005 Athletes 006 Authors 007 Chemists 008 Chiropractors 009 Clergymen 010 College presidents and deans 012 Agricultural sciences 013 Biological sciences 014 Chemistry 015 Economics 016 Engineering 017 Geology and geophysics 018 Mathematics 019 Medical sciences 023 Physics 024 Psychology 026 Natural science (n.e.c.) 027 Social sciences (n.e.c.) 028 Nonscientific subjects 029 Subject not specified 031 Dancers and dancing teachers 032 Dentists 033 Designers 035 Draftsmen 036 Editors and reporters 042 Engineers, chemical 043 Engineers, civil 044 Engineers, electrical 046 Engineers, mechanical 047 Engineers, metallurgical, metallurgists 048 Engineers, mining 049 Engineers (n.e.c.) 051 Entertainers (n.e.c.) 052 Farm and home management advisors 053 Foresters and conservationists 054 Funeral directors and embalmers 055 Lawyers and judges 056 Librarians 057 Musicians and music teachers 058 Nurses, professional 059 Nurses, student professional 061 Agricultural scientists 062 Biological scientists 063 Geologists and geophysicists 067 Mathematicians 068 Physicists 069 Miscellaneous natural scientists 072 Personnel and labor relations workers 073 Pharmacists 074 Photographers 075 Physicians and surgeons 076 Radio operators 077 Recreation and group workers 078 Religious workers 079 Social and welfare workers, except group 082 Psychologists 083 Statisticians and actuaries 084 Miscellaneous social scientists 091 Sports instructors and officials 092 Surveyors 093 Teachers (n.e.c.) 094 Technicians, medical and dental 095 Technicians, testing 096 Technicians (n.e.c.) 097 Therapists and healers (n.e.c.) 098 Veterinarians 099 Professional, technical and kindred workers (n.e.c.) 100 Farmers (owners and tenants) 123 Farm managers 200 Buyers and department heads, store 201 Buyers and shippers, farm products 203 Conductors, railroad 204 Credit men 205 Floormen and floor managers, store 210 Inspectors, public administration 230 Managers and superintendents, building 240 Officers, pilots, pursers and engineers, ship 250 Officials and administrators (n.e.c.), public administration 260 Officials, lodge, society, union, etc. 270 Postmasters 280 Purchasing agents and buyers (n.e.c.) 290 Managers, officials, and proprietors (n.e.c.) 300 Agents (n.e.c.) 301 Attendants and assistants, library 302 Attendants, physician's and dentist's office 304 Baggagemen, transportation 305 Bank tellers 310 Bookkeepers 320 Cashiers 321 Collectors, bill and account 322 Dispatchers and starters, vehicle 325 Express messengers and railway mail clerks 335 Mail carriers 340 Messengers and office boys 341 Office machine operators 342 Shipping and receiving clerks 350 Stenographers, typists, and secretaries 360 Telegraph messengers 365 Telegraph operators 370 Telephone operators 380 Ticket, station, and express agents 390 Clerical and kindred workers (n.e.c.) 400 Advertising agents and salesmen 410 Auctioneers 430 Hucksters and peddlers 450 Insurance agents and brokers 460 Newsboys 470 Real estate agents and brokers 480 Stock and bond salesmen 490 Salesmen and sales clerks (n.e.c.) 500 Bakers 501 Blacksmiths 502 Bookbinders 503 Boilermakers 504 Brickmasons, stonemasons, and tile setters 505 Cabinetmakers 510 Carpenters 511 Cement and concrete finishers 512 Compositors and typesetters 513 Cranemen, derrickmen, and hoistmen 514 Decorators and window dressers 515 Electricians 520 Electrotypers and stereotypers 521 Engravers, except photoengravers 522 Excavating, grading, and road machinery operators 523 Foremen (n.e.c.) 524 Forgemen and hammermen 525 Furriers 530 Glaziers 531 Heat treaters, annealers, temperers 532 Inspectors, scalers, and graders, log and lumber 533 Inspectors (n.e.c.) 534 Jewelers, watchmakers, goldsmiths, and silversmiths 535 Job setters, metal 540 Linemen and servicemen, telegraph, telephone, and power 541 Locomotive engineers 542 Locomotive firemen 543 Loom fixers 544 Machinists 553 Mechanics and repairmen, railroad and car shop 554 Mechanics and repairmen (n.e.c.) 555 Millers, grain, flour, feed, etc. 560 Millwrights 561 Molders, metal 562 Motion picture projectionists 563 Opticians and lens grinders and polishers 564 Painters, construction and maintenance 565 Paperhangers 570 Pattern and model makers, except paper 571 Photoengravers and lithographers 572 Piano and organ tuners and repairmen 573 Plasterers 574 Plumbers and pipe fitters 575 Pressmen and plate printers, printing 580 Rollers and roll hands, metal 581 Roofers and slaters 582 Shoemakers and repairers, except factory 583 Stationary engineers 584 Stone cutters and stone carvers 585 Structural metal workers 590 Tailors and tailoresses 591 Tinsmiths, coppersmiths, and sheet metal workers 592 Tool makers, and die makers and setters 593 Upholsterers 594 Craftsmen and kindred workers (n.e.c.) 595 Members of the armed services 601 Apprentice bricklayers and masons 602 Apprentice carpenters 603 Apprentice electricians 604 Apprentice machinists and toolmakers 605 Apprentice mechanics, except auto 610 Apprentice plumbers and pipe fitters 611 Apprentices, building trades (n.e.c.) 612 Apprentices, metalworking trades (n.e.c.) 613 Apprentices, printing trades 614 Apprentices, other specified trades 615 Apprentices, trade not specified 620 Asbestos and insulation workers 622 Blasters and powdermen 623 Boatmen, canalmen, and lock keepers 624 Brakemen, railroad 625 Bus drivers 630 Chainmen, rodmen, and axmen, surveying 631 Conductors, bus and street railway 632 Deliverymen and routemen 633 Dressmakers and seamstresses, except factory 634 Dyers 635 Filers, grinders, and polishers, metal 640 Fruit, nut, and vegetable graders, and packers, except factory 641 Furnacemen, smeltermen and pourers 642 Heaters, metal 643 Laundry and dry cleaning operatives 644 Meat cutters, except slaughter and packing house 645 Milliners 650 Mine operatives and laborers 660 Motormen, mine, factory, logging camp, etc. 661 Motormen, street, subway, and elevated railway 662 Oilers and greaser, except auto 670 Painters, except construction or maintenance 671 Photographic process workers 672 Power station operators 673 Sailors and deck hands 674 Sawyers 675 Spinners, textile 680 Stationary firemen 681 Switchmen, railroad 682 Taxicab drivers and chauffers 683 Truck and tractor drivers 684 Weavers, textile 685 Welders and flame cutters 690 Operative and kindred workers (n.e.c.) 700 Housekeepers, private household 710 Laundressses, private household 720 Private household workers (n.e.c.) 730 Attendants, hospital and other institution 731 Attendants, professional and personal service (n.e.c.) 732 Attendants, recreation and amusement 740 Barbers, beauticians, and manicurists 750 Bartenders 751 Bootblacks 752 Boarding and lodging house keepers 753 Charwomen and cleaners 754 Cooks, except private household 760 Counter and fountain workers 761 Elevator operators 762 Firemen, fire protection 763 Guards, watchmen, and doorkeepers 764 Housekeepers and stewards, except private household 770 Janitors and sextons 771 Marshals and constables 772 Midwives 773 Policemen and detectives 780 Porters 781 Practical nurses 782 Sheriffs and bailiffs 783 Ushers, recreation and amusement 784 Waiters and waitresses 785 Watchmen (crossing) and bridge tenders 790 Service workers, except private household (n.e.c.) 810 Farm foremen 820 Farm laborers, wage workers 840 Farm service laborers, self-employed 910 Fishermen and oystermen 930 Gardeners, except farm, and groundskeepers 940 Longshoremen and stevedores 950 Lumbermen, raftsmen, and woodchoppers 960 Teamsters 970 Laborers (n.e.c.) 980 Keeps house/housekeeping at home/housewife 981 Imputed keeping house (1850-1900) 982 Helping at home/helps parents/housework 983 At school/student 984 Retired 985 Unemployed/without occupation 986 Invalid/disabled w/ no occupation reported 987 Inmate 995 Other non-occupational response 999 N/A (blank) Occupation, 1950 basis. IPUMS Occupational income score United States 1880 (100%): Persons with an occupational response 00 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 52 52 54 54 62 62 63 63 80 80 Occupational income score. IPUMS Duncan Socioeconomic Index United States 1880 (100%): Persons with an occupational response 78 78 60 60 79 79 90 90 67 67 52 52 76 76 75 75 84 84 45 45 96 96 73 73 39 39 82 82 87 87 85 85 31 31 83 83 48 48 59 59 93 93 46 46 51 51 80 80 50 50 92 92 69 69 56 56 64 64 81 81 72 72 53 53 62 62 58 58 65 65 14 14 36 36 33 33 74 74 63 63 32 32 54 54 66 66 77 77 68 68 44 44 38 38 25 25 40 40 28 28 22 22 61 61 47 47 08 8 27 27 16 16 23 23 19 19 21 21 55 55 24 24 49 49 26 26 41 41 10 10 12 12 43 43 34 34 15 15 18 18 37 37 29 29 11 11 42 42 30 30 03 3 05 5 17 17 06 6 07 7 13 13 09 9 04 4 20 20 00 Duncan Socioeconomic Index. IPUMS Industry, 1950 basis United States 1880 (100%): Persons of any age with an occupation recorded 000 N/A or none reported 105 Agriculture 116 Forestry 126 Fisheries 206 Metal mining 216 Coal mining 226 Crude petroleum and natural gas extraction 236 Nonmetallic mining and quarrying, except fuel 239 Mining, not specified 246 Construction 306 Logging 307 Sawmills, planing mills, and mill work 308 Miscellaneous wood products 309 Furniture and fixtures 316 Glass and glass products 317 Cement, concrete, gypsum and plaster products 318 Structural clay products 319 Pottery and related products 326 Miscellaneous nonmetallic mineral and stone products 336 Blast furnaces, steel works, and rolling mills 337 Other primary iron and steel industries 338 Primary nonferrous industries 346 Fabricated steel products 347 Fabricated nonferrous metal products 348 Not specified metal industries 356 Agricultural machinery and tractors 357 Office and store machines and devices 358 Miscellaneous machinery 367 Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies 376 Motor vehicles and motor vehicle equipment 378 Ship and boat building and repairing 379 Railroad and miscellaneous transportation equipment 386 Professional equipment and supplies 387 Photographic equipment and supplies 388 Watches, clocks, and clockwork-operated devices 399 Miscellaneous manufacturing industries 406 Meat products 407 Dairy products 408 Canning and preserving fruits, vegetables, and seafoods 409 Grain-mill products 416 Bakery products 417 Confectionery and related products 418 Beverage industries 419 Miscellaneous food preparations and kindred products 426 Not specified food industries 429 Tobacco manufactures 436 Knitting mills 437 Dyeing and finishing textiles, except knit goods 438 Carpets, rugs, and other floor coverings 439 Yarn, thread, and fabric mills 446 Miscellaneous textile mill products 448 Apparel and accessories 449 Miscellaneous fabricated textile products 456 Pulp, paper, and paperboard mills 457 Paperboard containers and boxes 458 Miscellaneous paper and pulp products 459 Printing, publishing, and allied industries 466 Synthetic fibers 467 Drugs and medicines 468 Paints, varnishes, and related products 469 Miscellaneous chemicals and allied products 476 Petroleum refining 477 Miscellaneous petroleum and coal products 478 Rubber products 487 Leather: tanned, curried, and finished 488 Footwear, except rubber 489 Leather products, except footwear 499 Not specified manufacturing industries 506 Railroads and railway express service 516 Street railways and bus lines 526 Trucking service 527 Warehousing and storage 536 Taxicab service 546 Water transportation 556 Air transportation 567 Petroleum and gasoline pipe lines 568 Services incidental to transportation 578 Telephone 579 Telegraph 586 Electric light and power 587 Gas and steam supply systems 588 Electric-gas utilities 596 Water supply 597 Sanitary services 598 Other and not specified utilities 606 Motor vehicles and equipment 607 Drugs, chemicals, and allied products 608 Dry goods apparel 609 Food and related products 616 Electrical goods, hardware, and plumbing equipment 617 Machinery, equipment, and supplies 618 Petroleum products 619 Farm products--raw materials 626 Miscellaneous wholesale trade 627 Not specified wholesale trade 636 Food stores, except dairy products 637 Dairy products stores and milk retailing 646 General merchandise stores 647 Five and ten cent stores 656 Apparel and accessories stores, except shoe 657 Shoe stores 658 Furniture and house furnishing stores 659 Household appliance and radio stores 667 Motor vehicles and accessories retailing 669 Drug stores 679 Eating and drinking places 686 Hardware and farm implement stores 687 Lumber and building material retailing 688 Liquor stores 689 Retail florists 696 Jewelry stores 697 Fuel and ice retailing 698 Miscellaneous retail stores 699 Not specified retail trade 716 Banking and credit agencies 726 Security and commodity brokerage and investment companies 736 Insurance 746 Real estate 756 Real estate-insurance-law offices 806 Advertising 807 Accounting, auditing, and bookkeeping services 808 Miscellaneous business services 816 Auto repair services and garages 817 Miscellaneous repair services 826 Private households 836 Hotels and lodging places 846 Laundering, cleaning, and dyeing services 847 Dressmaking shops 848 Shoe repair shops 849 Miscellaneous personal services 857 Theaters and motion pictures 858 Bowling alleys, and billiard and pool parlors 859 Miscellaneous entertainment and recreation services 868 Medical and other health services, except hospitals 869 Hospitals 879 Legal services 888 Educational services 896 Welfare and religious services 897 Nonprofit membership organizations 898 Engineering and architectural services 899 Miscellaneous professional and related services 906 Postal service 916 Federal public administration 926 State public administration 936 Local public administration 946 Public Administration, level not specified 997 Nonclassifiable Industry, 1950 basis. IPUMS Quarters unemployed last year 14. ____ Number of months this person has been unemployed during the census year</p> <p>Note B: All persons will be included in the enumeration who were living on the 1st day of June. No others will. Children born since June 1, 1880 will be omitted. Members of families who have died since June 1, 1880, will be included</p> <p>Note F: Question No. 14 will only be asked in cases when a gainful occupation has been reported in column 13 United States 1880 (100%): Persons age 10+ who reported an occupation 1 Not unemployed last year or not in universe 2 Up to one quarter unemployed last year 3 Two quarters unemployed 4 Three quarters unemployed 5 Four quarters unemployed Quarters unemployed last year. IPUMS Detailed occupation, 1950 classification United States 1880 (100%): Persons age 10+ and others with a regular occupation Unknown Detailed occupation, 1950 classification. IPUMS Quarter of birth United States 1880 (100%): Persons under age 1 N/A 1 January-February-March 2 April-May-June 3 July-August-September 4 October-November-December 9 Missing Quarter of birth. IPUMS Flag for age United States 1880 (100%): All persons Entered as written 2 Illegible 4 Allocated Flag for age. IPUMS Flag for agemonth United States 1880 (100%): All persons Entered as written Flag for agemonth. IPUMS Flag for bpl, nativity United States 1880 (100%): All persons Entered as written 2 Failed edit/illegible 3 Consistency edit 4 Allocated Flag for bpl, nativity. IPUMS Flag for fbpl, nativity United States 1880 (100%): All persons Original entry or Inapplicable (not in universe) 2 Illegible 3 Missing 4 Allocated Flag for fbpl, nativity. IPUMS Flag for marst United States 1880 (100%): All persons Entered as written 3 Missing 4 Allocated Flag for marst. IPUMS Flag for occ, occ1950, sei, occscore, occsoc, labforce United States 1880 (100%): All persons Entered as written 2 Illegible 3 Missing 4 Allocated Flag for occ, occ1950, sei, occscore, occsoc, labforce. IPUMS Flag for race, racamind, racasian, racblk, racpais, racwht, racoth, racnum, racesing, probai, probbl United States 1880 (100%): All persons Entered as written 3 Missing 4 Allocated Flag for race, racamind, racasian, racblk, racpais, racwht, racoth, racnum, racesing, probai, probbl. IPUMS Flag for relate United States 1880 (100%): All persons Entered as written 2 Illegible 3 Missing 4 Allocated Flag for relate. IPUMS Flag for sex United States 1880 (100%): All persons Entered as written 3 Missing 4 Allocated Flag for sex. IPUMS Race: American Indian or Alaska Native <svar a="all" v="US80A412">04. Color:<br /><div class="i1">[] W White<br />[] B Black<br />[] Mu Mulatto<br />[] C Chinese<br />[] I Indian</div><br /></svar> United States 1880 (100%): All persons 1 No 2 Yes Race: American Indian or Alaska Native. IPUMS Race: Asian <svar a="all" v="US80A412">04. Color:<br /><div class="i1">[] W White<br />[] B Black<br />[] Mu Mulatto<br />[] C Chinese<br />[] I Indian</div><br /></svar> United States 1880 (100%): All persons 1 No 2 Yes Race: Asian. IPUMS Race: black or African American <svar a="all" v="US80A412">04. Color:<br /><div class="i1">[] W White<br />[] B Black<br />[] Mu Mulatto<br />[] C Chinese<br />[] I Indian</div><br /></svar> United States 1880 (100%): All persons 1 No 2 Yes Race: black or African American. IPUMS Race: Pacific Islander United States 1880 (100%): All persons 1 No Race: Pacific Islander. IPUMS Race: some other race United States 1880 (100%): All persons 1 No Race: some other race. IPUMS Race: white <svar a="all" v="US80A412">04. Color:<br /><div class="i1">[] W White<br />[] B Black<br />[] Mu Mulatto<br />[] C Chinese<br />[] I Indian</div><br /></svar> United States 1880 (100%): All persons 1 No 2 Yes Race: white. IPUMS Race: Single race identification United States 1880 (100%): All persons 10 White 20 Black 21 Mulatto 32 American Indian or Alaskan Native 41 Chinese 43 Japanese Race: Single race identification. IPUMS Probability of white race response United States 1880 (100%): All persons 000 100 100 Probability of white race response. IPUMS Probability of 'other race' race response United States 1880 (100%): All persons Probability of 'other race' race response. IPUMS Probability of black race response United States 1880 (100%): All persons 000 100 100 Probability of black race response. IPUMS Probability of Asian/Pacific Islander race response United States 1880 (100%): All persons Probability of Asian/Pacific Islander race response. IPUMS Probability of American Indian race response United States 1880 (100%): All persons 000 100 100 Probability of American Indian race response. IPUMS Hispanic origin rule United States 1880 (100%): All persons Not assigned as Hispanic 1 Birthplace is Hispanic 2 Parental birthplace is Hispanic 3 Grandparental birthplace is Hispanic 4 Spouse is Hispanic 5 Related HH head is Hispanic 6 Spanish surname 7 Spouse has Spanish surname 8 Related HH head has Spanish surname Hispanic origin rule. IPUMS Occupational prestige score, Siegel United States 1880 (100%): Persons with an occupational response 000 093 93 122 122 124 124 141 141 147 147 149 149 153 153 154 154 161 161 175 175 176 176 182 182 183 183 184 184 187 187 189 189 191 191 199 199 202 202 203 203 209 209 215 215 219 219 220 220 221 221 225 225 232 232 233 233 235 235 242 242 243 243 244 244 249 249 250 250 252 252 255 255 259 259 263 263 264 264 268 268 272 272 274 274 277 277 280 280 284 284 290 290 292 292 298 298 302 302 303 303 304 304 307 307 309 309 312 312 313 313 316 316 317 317 319 319 320 320 321 321 324 324 325 325 326 326 328 328 329 329 332 332 334 334 335 335 337 337 339 339 342 342 347 347 350 350 354 354 355 355 357 357 359 359 360 360 362 362 363 363 364 364 367 367 368 368 372 372 373 373 374 374 376 376 380 380 383 383 386 386 388 388 391 391 392 392 394 394 399 399 401 401 402 402 403 403 404 404 405 405 406 406 407 407 408 408 409 409 412 412 413 413 419 419 420 420 422 422 423 423 425 425 428 428 435 435 437 437 438 438 440 440 445 445 449 449 451 451 453 453 458 458 460 460 466 466 469 469 470 470 476 476 478 478 479 479 483 483 486 486 488 488 492 492 495 495 500 500 502 502 503 503 506 506 508 508 514 514 522 522 524 524 525 525 532 532 533 533 539 539 546 546 550 550 554 554 555 555 558 558 560 560 561 561 562 562 567 567 581 581 582 582 596 596 597 597 598 598 599 599 600 600 604 604 606 606 607 607 610 610 615 615 616 616 623 623 650 650 656 656 672 672 673 673 677 677 678 678 681 681 688 688 690 690 694 694 701 701 705 705 714 714 736 736 738 738 757 757 783 783 815 815 Occupational prestige score, Siegel. IPUMS Occupational earnings score, 1950 basis United States 1880 (100%): Persons with an occupational response 0008 0.8 0012 1.2 0014 1.4 0022 2.2 0029 2.9 0030 3 0031 3.1 0040 4 0048 4.8 0063 6.3 0075 7.5 0077 7.7 0078 7.8 0086 8.6 0090 9 0091 9.1 0093 9.3 0099 9.9 0114 11.4 0131 13.1 0132 13.2 0133 13.3 0136 13.6 0137 13.7 0153 15.3 0158 15.8 0163 16.3 0182 18.2 0183 18.3 0190 19 0191 19.1 0209 20.9 0211 21.1 0216 21.6 0217 21.7 0219 21.9 0221 22.1 0253 25.3 0257 25.7 0278 27.8 0280 28 0290 29 0293 29.3 0313 31.3 0315 31.5 0316 31.6 0319 31.9 0324 32.4 0326 32.6 0396 39.6 0397 39.7 0398 39.8 0403 40.3 0404 40.4 0407 40.7 0408 40.8 0412 41.2 0414 41.4 0440 44 0441 44.1 0454 45.4 0481 48.1 0484 48.4 0492 49.2 0494 49.4 0495 49.5 0524 52.4 0526 52.6 0527 52.7 0531 53.1 0542 54.2 0544 54.4 0567 56.7 0571 57.1 0577 57.7 0579 57.9 0582 58.2 0583 58.3 0587 58.7 0610 61 0611 61.1 0618 61.8 0619 61.9 0622 62.2 0623 62.3 0624 62.4 0629 62.9 0653 65.3 0654 65.4 0656 65.6 0657 65.7 0660 66 0662 66.2 0694 69.4 0699 69.9 0702 70.2 0703 70.3 0708 70.8 0730 73 0731 73.1 0732 73.2 0736 73.6 0739 73.9 0743 74.3 0766 76.6 0767 76.7 0769 76.9 0770 77 0775 77.5 0796 79.6 0798 79.8 0801 80.1 0802 80.2 0803 80.3 0804 80.4 0806 80.6 0807 80.7 0808 80.8 0809 80.9 0810 81 0827 82.7 0828 82.8 0831 83.1 0835 83.5 0838 83.8 0851 85.1 0854 85.4 0857 85.7 0859 85.9 0875 87.5 0876 87.6 0877 87.7 0879 87.9 0881 88.1 0882 88.2 0886 88.6 0897 89.7 0899 89.9 0903 90.3 0905 90.5 0906 90.6 0916 91.6 0917 91.7 0919 91.9 0921 92.1 0922 92.2 0923 92.3 0931 93.1 0932 93.2 0934 93.4 0936 93.6 0937 93.7 0949 94.9 0957 95.7 0960 96 0966 96.6 0967 96.7 0973 97.3 0974 97.4 0976 97.6 0984 98.4 0985 98.5 0989 98.9 0992 99.2 0993 99.3 0994 99.4 0998 99.8 0999 99.9 1000 100 9999 N/A Occupational earnings score, 1950 basis. IPUMS Occupational education score, 1950 basis United States 1880 (100%): Persons with an occupational response 0000 0003 0.3 0010 1 0011 1.1 0016 1.6 0017 1.7 0018 1.8 0019 1.9 0021 2.1 0022 2.2 0024 2.4 0026 2.6 0027 2.7 0028 2.8 0029 2.9 0030 3 0031 3.1 0032 3.2 0033 3.3 0035 3.5 0036 3.6 0037 3.7 0038 3.8 0039 3.9 0040 4 0041 4.1 0042 4.2 0043 4.3 0045 4.5 0046 4.6 0047 4.7 0048 4.8 0049 4.9 0050 5 0051 5.1 0052 5.2 0053 5.3 0054 5.4 0056 5.6 0060 6 0061 6.1 0062 6.2 0063 6.3 0064 6.4 0066 6.6 0067 6.7 0068 6.8 0069 6.9 0070 7 0072 7.2 0077 7.7 0078 7.8 0079 7.9 0080 8 0081 8.1 0082 8.2 0083 8.3 0084 8.4 0086 8.6 0089 8.9 0090 9 0092 9.2 0095 9.5 0097 9.7 0098 9.8 0101 10.1 0102 10.2 0103 10.3 0107 10.7 0108 10.8 0122 12.2 0125 12.5 0126 12.6 0131 13.1 0136 13.6 0143 14.3 0145 14.5 0146 14.6 0160 16 0161 16.1 0164 16.4 0171 17.1 0172 17.2 0180 18 0184 18.4 0185 18.5 0186 18.6 0191 19.1 0192 19.2 0197 19.7 0200 20 0205 20.5 0210 21 0214 21.4 0219 21.9 0227 22.7 0231 23.1 0235 23.5 0254 25.4 0256 25.6 0258 25.8 0265 26.5 0276 27.6 0286 28.6 0288 28.8 0310 31 0321 32.1 0324 32.4 0328 32.8 0370 37 0373 37.3 0391 39.1 0397 39.7 0398 39.8 0400 40 0403 40.3 0404 40.4 0415 41.5 0419 41.9 0421 42.1 0438 43.8 0455 45.5 0474 47.4 0476 47.6 0491 49.1 0493 49.3 0500 50 0526 52.6 0545 54.5 0548 54.8 0557 55.7 0558 55.8 0575 57.5 0583 58.3 0588 58.8 0590 59 0593 59.3 0628 62.8 0631 63.1 0639 63.9 0643 64.3 0667 66.7 0692 69.2 0696 69.6 0697 69.7 0700 70 0708 70.8 0725 72.5 0745 74.5 0750 75 0757 75.7 0759 75.9 0763 76.3 0784 78.4 0785 78.5 0793 79.3 0816 81.6 0818 81.8 0824 82.4 0843 84.3 0872 87.2 0900 90 0913 91.3 0920 92 0929 92.9 0932 93.2 0935 93.5 0938 93.8 0939 93.9 0960 96 1000 100 9999 N/A Occupational education score, 1950 basis. IPUMS Nam-Powers-Boyd occupational status score, 1950 basis United States 1880 (100%): Persons with an occupational response 0007 7 0008 8 0036 36 0048 48 0050 50 0087 87 0089 89 0090 90 0103 103 0112 112 0118 118 0127 127 0146 146 0153 153 0173 173 0176 176 0182 182 0189 189 0204 204 0206 206 0226 226 0231 231 0240 240 0251 251 0264 264 0270 270 0271 271 0272 272 0281 281 0289 289 0311 311 0322 322 0331 331 0339 339 0340 340 0345 345 0355 355 0357 357 0359 359 0370 370 0373 373 0377 377 0394 394 0399 399 0406 406 0407 407 0410 410 0411 411 0412 412 0414 414 0419 419 0423 423 0427 427 0429 429 0431 431 0451 451 0461 461 0465 465 0468 468 0474 474 0475 475 0478 478 0480 480 0483 483 0484 484 0485 485 0486 486 0487 487 0488 488 0495 495 0499 499 0502 502 0505 505 0510 510 0523 523 0526 526 0534 534 0535 535 0536 536 0537 537 0538 538 0541 541 0542 542 0549 549 0552 552 0564 564 0568 568 0569 569 0572 572 0577 577 0584 584 0586 586 0594 594 0597 597 0608 608 0611 611 0614 614 0615 615 0616 616 0617 617 0619 619 0621 621 0623 623 0628 628 0639 639 0641 641 0643 643 0644 644 0645 645 0647 647 0648 648 0652 652 0653 653 0655 655 0656 656 0659 659 0664 664 0665 665 0672 672 0674 674 0678 678 0683 683 0691 691 0692 692 0694 694 0696 696 0704 704 0710 710 0719 719 0720 720 0723 723 0724 724 0730 730 0732 732 0735 735 0740 740 0746 746 0751 751 0755 755 0758 758 0760 760 0762 762 0767 767 0770 770 0777 777 0778 778 0782 782 0785 785 0787 787 0792 792 0796 796 0808 808 0810 810 0824 824 0826 826 0831 831 0837 837 0838 838 0844 844 0845 845 0849 849 0850 850 0855 855 0856 856 0860 860 0863 863 0864 864 0868 868 0874 874 0875 875 0883 883 0887 887 0890 890 0900 900 0903 903 0907 907 0910 910 0912 912 0913 913 0921 921 0931 931 0934 934 0941 941 0942 942 0943 943 0951 951 0952 952 0954 954 0957 957 0960 960 0963 963 0964 964 0966 966 0967 967 0970 970 0971 971 0976 976 0979 979 0983 983 0984 984 0988 988 0994 994 0995 995 1000 1000 9999 N/A Nam-Powers-Boyd occupational status score, 1950 basis. IPUMS Occupation, alphabetic string <svar a="all" v="US80A405 US80A406 US80A416 US80A417 US80A422">13. ____ Profession, occupation, or trade of each person, male or female<br /></svar></p> <p>Note B: All persons will be included in the enumeration who were living on the 1st day of June. No others will. Children born since June 1, 1880 will be omitted. Members of families who have died since June 1, 1880, will be included United States 1880 (100%): All persons Occupation, alphabetic string. This is a 52-digit numeric variable with 0 implied decimal places IPUMS Occupation, HISCO classification <svar a="all" v="US80A405 US80A406 US80A416 US80A417 US80A422">13. ____ Profession, occupation, or trade of each person, male or female<br /></svar></p> <p>Note B: All persons will be included in the enumeration who were living on the 1st day of June. No others will. Children born since June 1, 1880 will be omitted. Members of families who have died since June 1, 1880, will be included United States 1880 (100%): All persons 01100 Chemists 01200 Physicists 01300 Physical scientists nec 01400 Physical science assistants and technicians 02100 Architects 02200 Civil engineers 02300 Electrical engineers 02410 Mechanical engineers, general or nfs 02420 Industrial machinery or tools engineers 02430 Mechanical engineer (motors and engines, except marine) 02440 Marine engineers 02460 Heating, ventilation and refrigeration engineers 02490 Other mechanical engineers 02500 Chemical engineers 02600 Metallurgists and assayers 02700 Mining engineers 02900 Professional engineers nec 03010 Surveyors, general and nfs 03020 Land surveyors 03030 Mine surveyors 03040 Hydrographic surveyors 03090 Other surveyors 03100 Draughtsmen 03210 Technicians 03220 Civil engineering technicians 03250 Chemical engineering technicals 03260 Metallurgical technicians 03270 Mining technicians 03290 Engineering technicians nec 04210 Ships officers nfs 04220 Ship's masters and captains (sea) 04230 Ship's masters and captains (sea or inland waterways) 04240 Ship's masters and captains (inland waterways) 04250 Ship's navigating officers and ship's mates 04260 Ship and boat pilots 04290 Other ship deck officers and pilots 04300 Ship's engineers 05100 Biologists, botanists, zoologists and related scientists 05200 Medical scientists 05300 Agronomists and related scientists 05400 Life sciences technicians 06110 Medical doctors and physicians (UK: Medical doctors only) 06130 Surgeons 06140 Specialised physicians 06150 Specialised surgeons 06160 Public health physicians 06170 Oculist 06190 Medical doctors, nec 06200 Dentists 06300 Veterinarians 06400 Pharmacists 06500 Medical and related assistants 07110 Trained nurses 07210 Nurses nfs 07320 Midwives 07330 Monthly nurses 07500 Opticians and optometrists 07600 Healers and therapists nec 07930 Chiropractors 07990 Other medical, dental, veterinary and related workers 08000 Mathematicians and actuaries, etc. 11010 Accountants 11020 Auditors 12110 Lawyers 12120 Barristers 12130 Solicitors 12200 Judge 12220 Justice of the peace 12300 Notary 12900 Jurists (except lawyer, judge or solicitor) 13100 Teachers in higher education 13210 Teachers (unspecified) 13220 Teachers (secondary) 13230 Teachers (primary) 13240 Teachers (pre-primary) 13250 Teachers (of the disabled) 13300 School administrators and principals 13920 Governesses 13990 Other teaching personnel 14120 Ministers of religion 14130 Missionaries 14140 Members of religious orders 14190 Other ministers of religion 14900 Workers in religion nec 15100 Authors 15220 Editors 15230 Journalists, reporters and correspondents 15900 Others writers 16110 Artists nfs and art teachers 16120 Sculptors 16130 Artistic painters 16140 Cartoonists 16150 Engravers and etchers (artistic) 16190 Other specified creative artists 16200 Designers 16300 Photographers 16400 Engravers 17120 Musical performers and musicians nfs 17130 Music teachers 17200 Dancers and dancing teachers 17300 Actors and related workers 17400 Producers, performing arts 17900 Performing artists nec 18000 Athletes, sportsmen and related workers 19100 Librarians, archivists and curators 19200 Social scientists and historians 19300 Social workers 19500 Interpreters, translators and philologists 19990 Other professional, technical and related workers nec 19930 Underwriters 20100 Legislative officials and heads of government 20200 Government administrators 21110 Proprietors, nfs 21112 Executive officers, nfs (U.S. only) 21120 Manufacturers nfs 21122 Executive officers of manufacturing concerns nfs 21130 Manufacturers or proprietors of specified manufacturing concerns 21132 Executive officers of specified manufacturing concerns 21140 Proprietor, mining, quarrying, oil and natural gas extraction 21141 Oil producer 21142 Executive officers of extractive industry 21150 Proprietor, railway company 21152 Executive officers of railway concerns 21160 Proprietor, other transport and communications 21162 Executive officer of other transport and communications 21170 Proprietor, public utilities (i.e., water, gas, etc.) 21172 Executive officer of public utilities 21180 Proprietor, finance 21182 Executive officer finance company 21190 Other owners of large scale productive enterprises 21192 Executive officers of other large scale productive enterprises 21194 Publisher 21210 Contractors nfs 21220 Construction contractors 21230 Builders 21290 Other specified contractors 21330 Capitalists 21340 Speculators 21390 Investors nec 22110 Superintendents and managers nfs 22120 Superintendents and managers, manufacturing 22130 Superintendents and managers, mining, quarrying, etc. 22140 Superintendents and managers, railways 22150 Superintendents and managers, other transport and communications 22160 Superintendents and managers, public utilities 22170 Superintendents and managers, construction, except railway construction 22180 Superintendents and managers, commerce 22190 Superintendents and managers, nec 23110 Foremen and supervisors nfs 23120 Foremen and supervisors, manufacturing 23130 Foremen and supervisors, mining 23140 Foremen and supervisors, railways 23150 Foremen and supervisors, other transport and communications 23160 Foremen and supervisors, public utilities 23170 Foremen and supervisors, construction, except railway construction 23190 Foremen and supervisors, nec 24100 Inspectors of manufactories, companies etc. 31010 Civil servants, title unknown 31020 Tax collectors 31030 Tax assessors 31040 Customs officers 31050 Postmasters or postmistresses 31060 Clerks of court and other court clerks 31090 Government functionaries, nec 32000 Typists, stenographers and secretaries 33120 Bookkeepers and bookkeeping clerks 33130 Cashiers, bank or office 33140 Bank clerks 33142 Bank tellers (US) 33150 Money collector 33160 Cash desk cashier 33170 Toll collectors 33180 Collector (cash or account) 33190 Bookkeeping, account and cash handling workers nec 33210 Railway clerks (UK) and railway agents (CA/US) 33220 Baggage agents and baggage men 33320 Agent, water transport (principally steamship and steamboat) 33330 Agent, land transport (non-rail) 34000 Office machine operators 36010 Conductors, nfs 36020 Railway guards (UK) and railroad conductors (US/CAN) 36030 Sleeping- or pullman-car attendants 36040 Bus, tram or streetcar conductors 36090 Transport conductors, nec 37020 Postal, mail and telegraph clerks 37030 Mail carriers, aka postmen (UK) 37040 Messengers 37050 Mail sorters 37090 Post office, mail, and message workers nec 38010 Tel. operator 38020 Telephone operator 38030 Telegraph operator 39000 Clerk, nfs 39100 Stock, weight and shipping clerks 39310 Office clerks, specialisation unknown 39320 Correspondence clerks 39340 Legal clerks 39350 Insurance clerks 39390 Other correspondence and reporting clerks 39400 Hotel clerk or other receptionist 39500 Library and filing clerks 39600 Railroad, railway clerk 39720 Timekeepers, railway 39730 Timekeepers, factory 39790 Timekeepers, undefined and nec 39900 Other specified clerks 39990 Proofreader (U.S. only) 41010 Dealer, merchant etc. (wholesale and retail trade) 41015 Merchants, specified large-scale wholesaleing 41020 Hirers out 42000 Buyers 43010 Agents nfs 43020 Commercial travellers 43030 Manufacturers and sales agents 43090 Other specialized agents 44120 Insurance salesmen and agents 44130 Real estate agents 44140 Brokers 44150 Stockbrokers 44160 Patent Agents 44190 Insurance, real estate and securities salesmen nec 44200 Advertising salesmen 44320 Auctioneers 44330 Appraisers 45120 Salespeople, wholesale or retail trade 45130 Clerks in shops and stores 45140 Fashion models 45190 Other sales personnel men, shop assistants and demonstrators 45220 Street sellers, pedlars and hawkers, non-food items 45230 Street sellers, pedlars and hawkers, food items 45240 Newsvendors 45250 Canvassers 45290 Other street traders for coffee and food 49020 Pawnbrokers 49030 Scrap and junk dealers, scavengers 49090 Dealers and salesworkers nec 51020 Hotel keepers and managers 51030 Restaurant keepers and managers 51040 Boarding and lodging house keepers and managers 51050 Pub, saloon, tavern and coffee house keepers 51060 Ship's pursers 51090 Other hospitality and entertainment keepers and managers 52020 Housekeeper 52030 Stewards 52040 Matrons 52050 Butlers 52090 Other housekeeping service supervisors 53100 Cooks 53220 Waiter or waitress 53230 Bartender 53290 Other food and drink service workers 54010 Servants nfs 54020 House servants nfs and maids 54030 Personal servants and valets 54040 Nursemaids 54050 Companions 54060 Chambermaids and room attendants 54090 Other specified servants 55100 Caretakers and janitors 55200 Charworkers 55230 Window cleaners 55240 Chimney sweeps 55250 Refuse collectors and removers 55290 Other charworkers, cleaners and related workers 56000 Washing and laundry services 57020 Hairdressers 57030 Barbers 57040 Bath attendants 57090 Other barbers, hairdressers and related workers 58100 Firefighters 58210 Policemen and detectives, employer unknown 58220 Policemen and detectives, public service 58230 Policemen and detectives, private service 58240 Sheriffs and their deputies 58290 Other law enforcement officers 58300 Watchmen and guards 58410 Military, rank unknown 58420 Military officers 58430 Other members of the armed forces 58500 Prison keepers and guards 58900 Other protective service workers 59100 Guides 59200 Undertakers and embalmers 59300 Prostitutes 59930 Croupiers 59940 Nursing aids and attendents 59950 Errand boys and errand girls 59960 Practical aid (veterinary) 59990 Other service workers nec 61110 General farmers and farmers nfs 61220 Field crop farmers 61230 Orchardists and fruit farmers 61240 Market gardeners 61250 Nurserymen and florists 61260 Livestock farmers 61270 Dairy farmers 61280 Poultry farmers 61290 Other specialised farmers 61320 Farmer and fisherman 61400 Farm managers, formen and supervisors nfs 62110 Farm workers, specialisation unknown 62200 Farm workers (field crop and vegetables) 62300 Farm labourers, orchard and fruit farm workers 62410 Livestock workers, general or nfs 62420 Cattle workers, except specified dairy 62430 Sheep workers 62440 Pig workers 62460 Fur-bearing animal workers 62470 Horse breaker 62490 Livestock workers, nec 62500 Livestock workers, nec 62600 Farm workers (dairy) 62710 Gardeners nfs 62720 Market garden labourers 62730 Nursery labourers 62740 Landscape gardeners 62790 Other nursery workers and gardeners 62800 Farm machinery operators 62920 Other animal workers e.g., dogs, elephants 62930 Other plant workers e.g., gathers of herbs etc. 62940 Groundskeepers, etc. 62990 Others in agricultural or husbandry 63110 Woodsmen and workers in the woods, nfs 63120 Lumbermen, loggers and kindred workers 63130 River drivers 63140 Wood cutters and choppers 63190 Others in logging and wood cutting 63220 Foresters and wood wardens 63230 Forestry workers 63240 Timber cruisers 63290 Other forestry workers 64100 Fishermen 64920 Fish farm workers 64930 Oyster farm workers 64940 Whale hunters 64970 Trappers or hunters 64990 Other fishermen, hunters and related workers 71120 Miners 71130 Quarrymen 71190 Others working in mines and quarries 71200 Mineral or stone treaters 71300 Well drillers, borers and related workers 72000 Metal workers, specialisation unknown 72100 Metal smelter and furnacemen 72200 Metal rollers 72300 Metal melters and reheaters, and workers in metal melting mills 72400 Metal casters and workers in metal casting plants 72500 Metal moulders and coremakers 72600 Metal annealers, temperers and hardeners 72700 Metal drawers and workers in metal drawing 72800 Metal platers and coaters 72900 Other (specialised) metal workers 73200 Sawyers and other titled wood/sawmill operatives 73300 Papermill machine operators and paper makers 74000 Chemical workers, product nfs 74100 Drug workers 74200 Gunpowder and explosive makers 74320 Charcoal burners 74330 Coal gas makers 74340 Tar makers 74390 Other coal product makers e.g., coke 74420 Salt makers 74430 Alkali and soda makers 74500 Oil mill workers 74620 Paint and varnish makers 74630 Dye makers 74640 Ink, blacking, colouring, etc., makers 74720 Tallow chandlers, candle makers and grease makers 74730 Soap and perfume makers 74740 Glue, size and gelatine makers 74750 Wax and polish makers 74920 Fertilizer and manure makers 74930 Starch makers 74940 Turpentine makers 74990 Specified chemical workers nec 75000 Textile workers, specialisation unknown 75100 Fibre preparers 75200 Spinners, doublers, twisters and winders 75300 Weaving and knitting-machine setters and pattern-card preparers 75400 Weavers 75500 Knitters 75600 Bleachers, dyer or textile product finisher 75700 Rope makers 75920 Net maker 75990 Other specialised textile workers nec 76110 Tanners or fellmongers, specialisation unknown 76120 Fellmongers 76130 Tanners 76140 Leather curriers and finishers 76190 Other specified leather curers 76200 Fur and pelt dressers 77100 Millers and related workers 77200 Sugar refiners 77310 Butchers 77320 Pork butchers 77340 Slaughterer, meat cutters or meat packer 77350 Sausage makers 77360 Fish butchers 77380 Meat cannery workers and other meat preservers (not sausages) 77390 Other workers in meat preparation 77400 Cannery workers and other food preservers 77500 Butter, cheese and dairy product makers 77610 Baker and confectioner 77620 Bakers 77630 Confectioners and pastry makers 77640 Candy makers 77650 Chocolate makers 77690 Other baked goods makers 77700 Tea, coffee and cocoa preparers 77820 Brewers 77830 Maltsters 77840 Wine workers 77850 Vinegar makers and workers 77860 Distillers 77870 Makers of soft drinks 77880 Bottlers 77890 Other drinks makers and workers 77990 Other food and beverage processors 78100 Tobacco preparers and tobacco factory workers 78200 Cigar makers 78300 Cigarette makers 79120 Tailors and tailoresses 79130 Dressmakers 79190 Other garment makers 79200 Furriers and fur workers 79320 Milliners 79330 Hat makers 79340 Straw hat makers 79390 Other hat makers 79400 Glove makers and related workers 79520 Seamstresses 79530 Sewers and sewing machine operators 79540 Embroiderers 79590 Others hand sewers 79620 Upholsterers (except vehicle) 79630 Vehicle trimmers and upholsterers 79640 Mattress makers 79690 Others working in upholstery jobs 79920 Sail, tent and awning makers 79930 Umbrella makers 79940 Artificial flower makers 79990 Other cloth and related product manufacturing workers 80100 Boot and shoe makers and repairers 80200 Specialised occupations in the boot and shoe making industry 80320 Saddlers and harness makers 80330 Trunk or bag maker 80390 Other leather goods makers 81120 Cabinet makers 81130 Chair makers 81140 Wicker furniture makers 81190 Other furniture makers 81210 Woodworkers 81220 Sawyers, woodworking 81230 Wood turners and handle makers 81240 Wood planers 81250 Wood carvers 81290 Other woodworking machine operators 81300 Coach, carriage and wagon makers 81400 Wheelwrights and cartwrights 81500 Coopers, hoop makers and benders 81600 Clog makers 81710 Box makers nfs 81720 Wooden box makers 81730 Paper box makers 81790 Box makers nec 81930 Ski makers 81990 Other makers of wooden products 82000 Stone carvers or cutters and stone yard workers 83120 Blacksmiths 83130 Hammersmiths 83140 Foregemen 83150 Farriers or horseshoers 83160 Specialised makers of forged metal products 83190 Other blacksmiths, hammermen and forgeing-press operators 83210 Tool makers nfs 83220 Tool and die makers 83230 Pattern makers nfs and nec 83290 Other tool makers and metal markers 83320 Metal turners 83390 Other metal working machine operators 83400 Machinists 83520 Metal polishers and finishers 83530 Metal grinders and sharpeners 83540 Cutlers and cutting instrument makers 83550 Cutler (knives, forks, spoon) 83590 Other metal grinders, polishers and tool sharpeners nec 83600 Gunsmiths 83700 Locksmiths 83820 Saw makers 83830 Saw, spade, shovel and half wood/half metal agricultural instrument type things 83840 Chain makers 83850 Nailer and nail makers 83860 Wire makers 83890 Other metal workers nec 84110 Mechanics 84120 Millwrights 84130 Machine makers, builders and fitters 84140 Engine and locomotive builders 84150 Sewing machine makers and builders 84190 Other machinery fitters and machine assemblers 84220 Watch and clock makers 84230 Optical instrument makers and workers (not opticians) 84290 Other specialized instrument makers (not musical instrument makers) 84300 Bicycle makers 84900 Others in machinery 85100 Electrical fitters and electrical equipment assemblers 85500 Electricians and wiremen 85600 Telephone and telegraph installers 85700 Linesmen: telephone, telegraph and electric 85990 Other electrical fitters and related electrical workers 87120 Plumbers 87130 Pipe fitters 87220 Welders 87230 Braziers 87290 Other welders, braziers, solderers 87320 Sheet metal worker, general 87330 Coppersmith or copperware maker 87340 Tinsmith, tinner or tinker 87350 Boilermaker 87390 Other sheet metal workers 87430 Rivetters nec 87490 Other structural metal preparers and erectors 87520 Ship and boat builders 87530 Shipwrights and ship joiners 87540 Ship's carpenters 87550 Block, mast and tackle makers 87560 Caulker 87590 Other ship builders 88020 Jewellers 88030 Goldsmith 88040 Silversmith 88050 Working with gems and stones 88090 Other jewellery and precious metal workers 89120 Glass makers 89130 Glass bottle makers 89190 Other specific glass makers 89200 Pottery and porcelain makers and workers 89300 Brick and tile makers 89400 Glass engravers, etchers and finishers 89500 Pottery and porcelain painters 89620 Cement makers 89630 Lime burners 89700 Clay-based products makers 90100 Rubber product makers 90200 Tire makers and vulcanisers 91020 Paper and paperboard products makers, except boxes 91090 Other paper product makers 92000 Printers nec 92110 Printers nfs 92120 Compositors 92190 Other compositors and typesetters 92200 Lithographic printers 92300 Stereotypers and electrotypers 92400 Lithographers 92500 Photo-engravers 92600 Bookbinders and related workers 92800 Textile printers 92900 Other printers and related workers 93110 Painters, nfs 93120 Painters, construction 93130 Painters, ship 93190 Other specialised painters nec 93200 Decorators 93320 Lacquerers and enamellers 93330 Japanners 93400 Gilders 94110 Musical instrument maker nfs 94120 Piano maker 94130 Piano tuner 94140 Organ builder 94190 Other musical instrument makers and tuner 94220 Basket makers 94230 Brush makers 94240 Broom makers 94290 Bristle and straw workers nec 94300 Non-metallic mineral product makers 94910 Other production or related worker, specialisation unknown 94920 Animal stuffers, taxidermists and shell workers 94930 Linoleum makers and floor cloth makers 94940 Toy and doll makers 94990 Production and related workers nec 95110 Mason nfs or combined 95120 Bricklayers 95130 Stone masons 95140 Plasterers 95150 Paviours 95160 Marble mason 95190 Others in construction 95200 Cement masons and finishers 95310 Roofer, specialisation unknown 95320 Slate and tile roofers 95330 Thatchers 95390 Other roofers 95410 Carpenter and joiner 95420 Carpenters 95430 Joiners 95490 Other wooden construction workers 95700 Glaziers 95910 Construction workers nec 95920 Paperhangers 95930 Carpet planners 95940 Whitewashers 95990 Others in building construction 96100 Electricity generators 96220 Engineers (US) nfs 96230 Stationary engineers and engine men 96240 Stationary firemen and firemen nfs 96900 Other stationary engine and related equipment operators 97120 Ship boat loaders and dock workers 97130 Railway freight handlers 97140 Porters 97150 Packers 97190 Other freight handlers 97210 Riggers nec or nfs 97220 Ship riggers 97300 Crane and hoist operators 97410 Navvy, excavator and diggers, nfs 97420 Road builders, workers and labourers 97430 Railway builders, workers and labourers 97440 Waterway and harbour builders, workers and labourers 97490 Other road, railway and related construction labourers 97900 Material handling equipment operators nec 98120 Seamen 98130 Boatmen and canalmen 98190 Other crew of boats, ships, etc. 98200 Ship's engine men 98320 Railway/railroad engineers and enginemen 98330 Railway/railroad firemen and stokers 98420 Railway brakemen 98430 Railway signallers 98440 Railway switchmen and shunters 98490 Others skilled railway workers 98510 Drivers, nec 98520 Drivers (private) 98530 Drivers (personal, for hire) 98540 Drivers (public) 98550 Delivery men and drivers of goods 98560 Drivers (general haulage) 98570 Teamsters (inc. mine driver, etc.) 98590 Others drivers 98700 Lock and gate keepers 98720 Lock keepers 98730 Gate keepers 98900 Other transport equipment operators 99120 Labourers nfs 99130 Common labourers or general labourers 99140 Day labourers (e.g., journalier) 99150 Worker nfs 99200 Factory labourers (unspecified) 99300 Occupational title unclassifiable 99420 Assistants nfs 99430 Helpers nfs 99440 Helpers of relative or helping at home 99450 Apprentices nfs 99500 Ambiguous responses 99997 Alternative occupation (Sweden) 99999 No occupation/unknown Occupation, HISCO classification. IPUMS Person number, before large group quarters were split up, 1880 100% United States 1880 (100%): All persons Person number, before large group quarters were split up, 1880 100%. This is a 4-digit numeric variable with 0 implied decimal places IPUMS Subfamily membership United States 1880 (100%): Persons not in group quarters Group quarters or not in subfamily 1 1st subfamily in household 2 2nd subfamily in household 3 3rd 4 4th 5 5th 6 6th Subfamily membership. IPUMS Subfamily type United States 1880 (100%): All persons Group quarters or not in subfamily 1 Married-couple related subfamily with children 2 Married-couple related subfamily without children 3 Father-child related subfamily 4 Mother-child related subfamily 5 Married-couple unrelated subfamily with children 6 Married-couple unrelated subfamily without children 7 Father-child unrelated subfamily 8 Mother-child unrelated subfamily Subfamily type. IPUMS Relationship within subfamily United States 1880 (100%): All persons Group quarters or not in subfamily 1 Reference person 2 Spouse (married-couple subfamily only) 3 Child Relationship within subfamily. IPUMS Subfamily membership (alt) United States 1880 (100%): All persons Group quarters or not in subfamily 1 1st subfamily in household 2 2nd subfamily in household 3 3rd 4 4th 5 5th 6 6th 7 7th 8 8th Subfamily membership (alt). IPUMS Subfamily type (alt) United States 1880 (100%): All persons Group quarters or not in subfamily 1 Married-couple related subfamily with children 2 Married-couple related subfamily without children 3 Father-child related subfamily 4 Mother-child related subfamily 5 Married-couple unrelated subfamily with children 6 Married-couple unrelated subfamily without children 7 Father-child unrelated subfamily 8 Mother-child unrelated subfamily Subfamily type (alt). IPUMS Relationship within subfamily (alt) United States 1880 (100%): All persons Group quarters or not in subfamily 1 Reference person 3 Child Relationship within subfamily (alt). IPUMS Sample-line weight United States 1880 (100%): All persons 100 100 Sample-line weight. IPUMS Person weight United States 1880 (100%): All persons 100 100 Person weight. IPUMS Year of birth United States 1880 (100%): All persons 1740 1740 1746 1746 1747 1747 1749 1749 1750 1750 1752 1752 1753 1753 1754 1754 1755 1755 1756 1756 1757 1757 1758 1758 1759 1759 1760 1760 1761 1761 1762 1762 1763 1763 1764 1764 1765 1765 1766 1766 1767 1767 1768 1768 1769 1769 1770 1770 1771 1771 1772 1772 1773 1773 1774 1774 1775 1775 1776 1776 1777 1777 1778 1778 1779 1779 1780 1780 1781 1781 1782 1782 1783 1783 1784 1784 1785 1785 1786 1786 1787 1787 1788 1788 1789 1789 1790 1790 1791 1791 1792 1792 1793 1793 1794 1794 1795 1795 1796 1796 1797 1797 1798 1798 1799 1799 1800 1800 1801 1801 1802 1802 1803 1803 1804 1804 1805 1805 1806 1806 1807 1807 1808 1808 1809 1809 1810 1810 1811 1811 1812 1812 1813 1813 1814 1814 1815 1815 1816 1816 1817 1817 1818 1818 1819 1819 1820 1820 1821 1821 1822 1822 1823 1823 1824 1824 1825 1825 1826 1826 1827 1827 1828 1828 1829 1829 1830 1830 1831 1831 1832 1832 1833 1833 1834 1834 1835 1835 1836 1836 1837 1837 1838 1838 1839 1839 1840 1840 1841 1841 1842 1842 1843 1843 1844 1844 1845 1845 1846 1846 1847 1847 1848 1848 1849 1849 1850 1850 1851 1851 1852 1852 1853 1853 1854 1854 1855 1855 1856 1856 1857 1857 1858 1858 1859 1859 1860 1860 1861 1861 1862 1862 1863 1863 1864 1864 1865 1865 1866 1866 1867 1867 1868 1868 1869 1869 1870 1870 1871 1871 1872 1872 1873 1873 1874 1874 1875 1875 1876 1876 1877 1877 1878 1878 1879 1879 1880 1880 Year of birth. IPUMS Occupation <svar a="all" v="US80A405 US80A406 US80A416 US80A417 US80A422">13. ____ Profession, occupation, or trade of each person, male or female<br /></svar></p> <p>Note B: All persons will be included in the enumeration who were living on the 1st day of June. No others will. Children born since June 1, 1880 will be omitted. Members of families who have died since June 1, 1880, will be included United States 1880 (100%): Persons age 10+ and others with a regular occupation 001 Agricultural laborers 002 Apiarists 003 Dairymen and dairywomen 004 Farm and plantation overseers 005 Farmers and planters 006 Florists 007 Gardeners, nurserymen, and vine-growers 008 Stock-drovers 009 Stock-herders 010 Stock-raisers 011 Turpentine farmers and laborers 012 Others in agriculture 013 Actors 014 Architects 015 Artists and teachers of art 016 Auctioneers 017 Authors, lecturers, and literary persons 018 Barbers and hairdressers 019 Billiard- and bowling saloon keepers and employees 020 Boarding- and lodging-house keepers 021 Chemists, assayers, and metallurgists 022 Clergy 023 Clerks and copyists 024 Clerks in government offices 025 Clerks in hotels and restaurants 026 Collectors and claim agents 027 Dentists 028 Designers, draughtsmen, and inventors 029 Domestic servants 030 Employees of charitable institutions 031 Employees of government (not clerks) 032 Employees of hotels and restaurants (not clerks) 033 Engineers (civil) 034 Hostlers 035 Hotel keepers 036 Hunters, trappers, guides, and scouts 037 Janitors 038 Journalists 039 Laborers (not specified) 040 Launderers and laundresses 041 Lawyers 042 Livery-stable keepers 043 Messengers 044 Midwives 045 Musicians (professional) and teachers music 046 Nurses 047 Officers of the Army and Navy 048 Officials of government 049 Physicians and surgeons 050 Restaurant keepers 051 Sexton 052 Showmen and employees of shows 053 Soldiers, sailors, and Marines (Army Navy) 054 Teachers and scientific persons 055 Veterinary surgeons 056 Watchmen (private) and detectives 057 Whitewashers 058 Others in professional and services 059 Agents (not specified) 060 Bankers and brokers 061 Boatmen and watermen 062 Bookkeepers and accountants in stores 063 Brokers (commercial) 064 Canalmen 065 Clerks in stores 066 Clerks and bookkeepers in banks 067 Clerks and bookkeepers in companies 068 Clerks and bookkeepers in offices 069 Clerks and bookkeepers in railroad offices 070 Commercial travelers 071 Draymen, hackmen, teamsters, etc. 072 Employees in warehouses 073 Employees of banks (not clerks) 074 Employees of insurance companies (clerks) 075 Employees of railroad companies 076 Hucksters and peddlers 077 Milkmen and milkwomen 078 Newspaper criers and carriers 079 Officials and employees of companies (not clerks) 080 Officials and employees of street companies 081 Officials and employees of telegraph companies 082 Officials and employees of telephone companies 083 Officials and employees of trade and transportation companies (not specified) 084 Officials of banks 085 Officials of insurance companies 086 Officials of railroad companies 087 Packers 088 Pilots 089 Porters and laborers in stores warehouses 090 Sailors 091 Salesmen and saleswomen 092 Saloon keepers and bartenders 093 Shippers and freighters 094 Steamboat men and women 095 Stewards and stewardesses 096 Toll-gate and bridge keepers 097 Traders and dealers (not specified) 098 Traders and dealers in agricultural implements 099 Traders and dealers in books stationary 100 Traders and dealers in boots and shoes 101 Traders and dealers in cabinet ware 102 Traders and dealers in cigars and tobacco 103 Traders and dealers in clothing and men's furnishing goods 104 Traders and dealers in coal and wood 105 Traders and dealers in cotton and wool 106 Traders and dealers in crockery, china, glass, and stoneware 107 Traders and dealers in drugs and medicines 108 Traders and dealers in dry foods, fancy foods, and notions 109 Traders and dealers in gold and silverware and jewelry 110 Traders and dealers in groceries 111 Traders and dealers in hats, caps, and furs 112 Traders and dealers in ice 113 Traders and dealers in iron, tin, and copperware 114 Traders and dealers in junk 115 Traders and dealers in leather, hides, and skins 116 Traders and dealers in liquors and wines 117 Traders and dealers in livestock 118 Traders and dealers in lumber 119 Traders and dealers in marble, stone and slate 120 Traders and dealers in music and musical instruments 121 Traders and dealers in newspapers periodicals 122 Traders and dealers in oils, paints, and turpentine 123 Traders and dealers in paper and paper stock 124 Traders and dealers in produce and provisions 125 Traders and dealers in real estate 126 Traders and dealers in sewing machines 127 Undertakers 128 Weighers, gaugers, and measurers 129 Others in trade and transportation 130 Agricultural implement makers 131 Artificial-flower makers 132 Apprentices to trades 133 Bag makers 134 Bakers 135 Basket makers 136 Blacksmiths 137 Bleachers, dyers and scourers 138 Blind, door and sash makers 139 Boat makers 140 Bone and ivory workers 141 Bookbinders and finishers 142 Boot and shoemakers 143 Bottlers and mineral-water makers 144 Box factory operatives 145 Brass founders and workers 146 Brewers and maltsters 147 Brick and tile makers 148 Bridge builders and contractors 149 Britannia and japanned ware makers 150 Broom and brush makers 151 Builders and contractors (not specified) 152 Butchers 153 Button-factory operatives 154 Cabinet makers 155 Candle, soap, and tallow makers 156 Car makers 157 Carpenters and joiners 158 Carpet makers 159 Carriage and wagon makers 160 Charcoal and lime burners 161 Cheese makers 162 Chemical-works employees 163 Cigar makers 164 Clerks and bookkeepers in manufacturing estabs. 165 Clock and watchmakers and repairers 166 Confectioners 167 Coopers 168 Copper workers 169 Corset makers 170 Cotton-mill operatives 171 Distillers and rectifiers 172 Employees in manufacturing estabs. (not specified) 173 Engineers and firemen 174 Engravers 175 Fertilizer establishment operatives 176 File makers, cutters, and grinders 177 Fishermen and oystermen 178 Flax dressers 179 Fur workers 180 Galloon, gimp, and tassel makers 181 Gas-works employees 182 Gilders 183 Glass-works operatives 184 Glove makers 185 Gold and silver workers and jewelers 186 Gun- and lock-smiths 187 Hair cleaners, dressers, and workers 188 Harness and saddle makers 189 Hat and cap makers 190 Hosiery and knitting-mill operatives 191 Iron and steel works and shops operatives 192 Lace makers 193 Lead and zinc works operatives 194 Leather case and pocket-book makers 195 Leather curriers, dressers, finishers, and tanners 196 Lumbermen and raftsmen 197 Machinists 198 Manufacturers 199 Marble and stone cutters 200 Masons (brick and stone) 201 Meat and fruit preserving establishment employees 202 Meat packers, curers, and picklers 203 Mechanics (not specified) 204 Mill and factory operatives (not specified) 205 Millers 206 Milliners, dressmakers, and seamstresses 207 Miners 208 Mirror and picture-frame makers 209 Nail makers 210 Officials of manufacturing and mining companies 211 Oil-mill and refinery operatives 212 Oil-well operatives and laborers 213 Organ makers 214 Painters and varnishers 215 Paperhangers 216 Paper-mill operatives 217 Pattern makers 218 Photographers 219 Pianoforte makers and tuners 220 Plasterers 221 Plumbers and gasfitters 222 Potters 223 Printers, lithographers, and stereotypers 224 Print-works operatives 225 Publishers of books, maps, and newspapers 226 Pump makers 227 Quarrymen 228 Quartz and stamp-mill operatives 229 Rag pickers 230 Railroad builders and contractors 231 Roofers and slaters 232 Rope and cordage makers 233 Rubber factory operatives 234 Sail and awning makers 235 Salt makers 236 Saw- and planing-mill operatives 237 Sawyers 238 Scale and rule makers 239 Screw makers 240 Sewing machine factory operatives 241 Sewing machine operators 242 Shingle and lath makers 243 Ship carpenters, caulkers, riggers, and smiths 244 Shirt, cuff, and collar makers 245 Silk-mill operatives 246 Starch makers 247 Stave, shook, and heading makers 248 Steam-boiler makers 249 Stove, furnace, and grate makers 250 Straw workers 251 Sugar makers and refiners 252 Tailors and tailoresses 253 Thread makers 254 Tinners and tinware makers 255 Tool and cutlery makers 256 Trunk, valise, and carpet-bag makers 257 Tobacco-factory operatives 258 Umbrella and parasol makers 259 Upholsterers 260 Wheelwrights 261 Wire makers and workers 262 Wood choppers 263 Wood turners, carvers, and woodenware makers 264 Woolen-mill operatives 265 Others in manufacturing, mechanical, and mining industries 266 Officials, industry not specified 302 Keeping house 303 At home 304 Student 305 Retired 307 Sick, disabled 308 Institutional inmate 309 Gentleman 310 Other non-occupational response 997 Unknown 999 Blank Occupation. IPUMS Last name <svar a="all" v="US80A413 US80A414 US80A415">03. The name of every person whose place of abode on the 1st day of June, 1880, was in this family<br /><br /><div class="i1">_ _ Males<br />_ _ Females</div><br /></svar> United States 1880 (100%): All persons Last name. This is a 16-digit numeric variable with 0 implied decimal places IPUMS First name <svar a="all" v="US80A413 US80A414 US80A415">03. The name of every person whose place of abode on the 1st day of June, 1880, was in this family<br /><br /><div class="i1">_ _ Males<br />_ _ Females</div><br /></svar> United States 1880 (100%): All persons First name. This is a 16-digit numeric variable with 0 implied decimal places IPUMS Birthplace, alphabetic string <svar a="all" v="US80A402">24. Birthplace:<br /><div class="i1">____ Place of birth of this person<br />____ State or Territory of United States,<br />____ Country, if of foreign birth</div><br /></svar> United States 1880 (100%): All persons who reported their birthplace Birthplace, alphabetic string. This is a 50-digit numeric variable with 0 implied decimal places IPUMS Father's birthplace, alphabetic string <svar a="all" v="US80A403">25. Father's birth place<br /><div class="i1">____ Place of birth of the father of this person<br />____ State or Territory of United States<br />____ Country, if of foreign birth</div><br /></svar> United States 1880 (100%): All persons who reported their father's birthplace Father's birthplace, alphabetic string. This is a 50-digit numeric variable with 0 implied decimal places IPUMS Mother's birthplace, alphabetic string <svar a="all" v="US80A404">26. Mother's birth place<br /><div class="i1">____ Place of birth of the mother of this person<br />____ State or Territory of United States<br />____ Country, if of foreign birth</div><br /></svar> United States 1880 (100%): All persons who reported their mother's birthplace Mother's birthplace, alphabetic string. This is a 50-digit numeric variable with 0 implied decimal places IPUMS Relationship to household head, alphabetic string <svar a="all" v="US80A411">08. Relationship of each person to the head of this family:<br /><br /><div class="i1">[] Wife<br />[] Son<br />[] Daughter<br />[] Servant<br />[] Boarder<br />[] Other</div><br /></svar> United States 1880 (100%): All persons who reported relationship to the head of household Relationship to household head, alphabetic string. This is a 50-digit numeric variable with 0 implied decimal places IPUMS Mother's birthplace <svar a="all" v="US80A404">26. Mother's birth place<br /><div class="i1">____ Place of birth of the mother of this person<br />____ State or Territory of United States<br />____ Country, if of foreign birth</div><br /></svar> United States 1880 (100%): All persons 00100 Alabama 00200 Alaska 00400 Arizona 00500 Arkansas 00600 California 00800 Colorado 00900 Connecticut 01000 Delaware 01100 District of Columbia 01200 Florida 01300 Georgia 01500 Hawaii 01600 Idaho 01610 Idaho Territory 01700 Illinois 01800 Indiana 01900 Iowa 02000 Kansas 02100 Kentucky 02200 Louisiana 02300 Maine 02400 Maryland 02500 Massachusetts 02600 Michigan 02700 Minnesota 02800 Mississippi 02900 Missouri 03000 Montana 03100 Nebraska 03200 Nevada 03300 New Hampshire 03400 New Jersey 03500 New Mexico 03510 New Mexico Territory 03600 New York 03700 North Carolina 03800 North Dakota 03900 Ohio 04000 Oklahoma 04010 Indian Territory 04100 Oregon 04200 Pennsylvania 04400 Rhode Island 04500 South Carolina 04600 South Dakota 04610 Dakota Territory 04700 Tennessee 04800 Texas 04900 Utah 04910 Utah Territory 05000 Vermont 05100 Virginia 05300 Washington 05400 West Virginia 05500 Wisconsin 05600 Wyoming 05610 Wyoming Territory 09000 Native American 09900 United States, n.s. 10000 American Samoa 10500 Guam 11000 Puerto Rico 11500 U.S. Virgin Islands 11510 St. Croix 11520 St. John 11530 St. Thomas 15000 Canada 15010 English Canada 15011 British Columbia 15015 Saskatchewan 15017 Northwest 15020 Manitoba 15021 Red River 15030 Ontario/Upper Canada 15031 Upper Canada 15032 Canada West 15040 New Brunswick 15050 Nova Scotia 15051 Cape Breton 15052 Halifax 15060 Prince Edward Island 15070 Newfoundland 15080 French Canada 15081 Quebec 15082 Lower Canada 15083 Canada East 15500 St. Pierre and Miquelon 16000 Atlantic Islands 16010 Bermuda 16020 Cape Verde 16030 Falkland Islands 16040 Greenland 16050 St. Helena and Ascension 16060 Canary Islands 19900 North America, n.s. 20000 Mexico 21000 Central America 21010 Belize/British Honduras 21020 Costa Rica 21030 El Salvador 21040 Guatemala 21050 Honduras 21060 Nicaragua 21070 Panama 25000 Cuba 26000 West Indies 26010 Dominican Republic 26020 Haiti 26030 Jamaica 26040 British West Indies 26042 Antigua-Barbuda 26043 Bahamas 26044 Barbados 26053 Cayman Isles 26054 Dominica 26055 Grenada 26057 St. Kitts-Nevis 26058 St. Lucia 26059 St. Vincent 26060 Trinidad and Tobago 26061 Turks and Caicos 26070 Other West Indies 26074 Curacao 26077 St. Eustasius 26080 French St. Maarten 26081 Guadeloupe 26082 Martinique 26083 St. Barthelemy 26089 French Caribbean, n.s. 26091 Caribbean, n.s. / n.e.c. 26094 West Indies, n.s. 30000 South America 30005 Argentina 30010 Bolivia 30015 Brazil 30020 Chile 30025 Colombia 30030 Ecuador 30035 French Guiana 30040 Guyana/British Guiana 30045 Paraguay 30050 Peru 30055 Suriname 30060 Uruguay 30065 Venezuela 30090 South America, n.s. 40000 Denmark 40010 Faroe Islands 40100 Finland 40200 Iceland 40300 Lapland, n.s. 40400 Norway 40500 Sweden 41000 England 41010 Channel Islands 41011 Guernsey 41012 Jersey 41020 Isle of Man 41100 Scotland 41200 Wales 41300 United Kingdom, n.s. 41400 Ireland 41410 Northern Ireland 41900 Northern Europe, n.s. 42000 Belgium 42100 France 42110 Alsace-Lorraine 42111 Alsace 42112 Lorraine 42200 Liechtenstein 42300 Luxembourg 42400 Monaco 42500 Netherlands 42600 Switzerland 43000 Albania 43100 Andora 43200 Gibraltar 43300 Greece 43330 Macedonia 43400 Italy 43500 Malta 43600 Portugal 43610 Azores 43620 Madeira Islands 43640 St. Miguel 43800 Spain 45000 Austria 45010 Austria-Hungary 45020 Austria-Graz 45040 Austria-Salzburg 45050 Austria-Tyrol 45060 Austria-Vienna 45100 Bulgaria 45200 Czechoslovakia 45210 Bohemia 45211 Bohemia-Moravia 45212 Slovakia 45300 Germany 45301 Berlin 45311 Baden 45312 Bavaria 45313 Bremen 45314 Brunswick 45315 Hamburg 45316 Hanover 45317 Hessen 45318 Hessen Nassau 45319 Holstein 45320 Lippe 45321 Lubeck 45322 Oldenburg 45323 Rhine Province 45324 Schleswig 45325 Schleswig-Holstein 45327 Waldeck 45328 West Berlin 45329 Westphalia 45330 Wurttemberg 45332 Saarland 45333 Nordrheim-Westfalen 45341 Anhalt 45342 Brandenburg 45344 Mecklenburg 45345 Sachsen-Altenburg 45346 Sachsen-Coburg 45347 Sachsen-Gotha 45350 Saxony 45351 Schwerin 45352 Strelitz 45360 Prussia, n.e.c. 45361 Hohenzollern 45362 Niedersachsen 45400 Hungary 45500 Poland 45510 Austrian Poland 45511 Galicia 45520 German Poland 45521 East Prussia 45522 Pomerania 45523 Posen 45524 Prussian Poland 45525 Silesia 45526 West Prussia 45530 Russian Poland 45600 Romania 45710 Croatia 45720 Montenegro 45730 Serbia 45740 Bosnia 45750 Dalmatia 45760 Slovenia 45900 Eastern Europe, n.s. 46000 Estonia 46100 Latvia 46200 Lithuania 46300 Baltic States, n.s./n.e.c. 46500 Other USSR/Russia 46520 Moldavia 46530 Ukraine 46540 Armenia 46548 Siberia 49900 Europe, n.e.c./n.s. 50000 China 50010 Hong Kong 50020 Macau 50030 Mongolia 50040 Taiwan 50100 Japan 50200 Korea 50220 South Korea 50900 East Asia, n.s. 51200 Indonesia 51210 East Indies 51400 Malaysia 51500 Philippines 51600 Singapore 51700 Thailand 51800 Vietnam 51910 Indochina, n.s. 52000 Afghanistan 52100 India 52110 Bangladesh 52120 Bhutan 52130 Burma (Myanmar) 52140 Pakistan 52150 Sri Lanka (Ceylon) 52200 Iran 53100 Cyprus 53200 Iraq 53400 Israel/Palestine 53420 Palestine 53430 West Bank 53500 Jordan 53700 Lebanon 54100 Syria 54200 Turkey 54210 European Turkey 54220 Asian Turkey 54500 Yemen, PDR (South) 54700 Middle East, n.s. 54800 Southwest Asia, n.e.c./n.s. 54900 Asia Minor, n.s. 55000 South Asia, n.e.c. 59900 Asia, n.e.c./n.s. 60000 Africa 60010 Northern Africa 60011 Algeria 60012 Egypt/United Arab Rep. 60013 Libya 60014 Morocco 60015 Sudan 60016 Tunisia 60021 Burkina Faso 60024 Guinea 60027 Liberia 60028 Mali 60031 Nigeria 60033 Sierra Leone 60038 Western Africa, n.s. 60039 French West Africa, n.s. 60044 Ethiopia 60046 Madagascar 60048 Mauritius 60049 Mozambique 60057 Zimbabwe 60072 Cameroon 60075 Congo 60090 Southern Africa 60091 Botswana 60094 South Africa (Union of) 60096 Southern Africa, n.s. 60099 Africa, n.s./n.e.c. 70000 Australia and New Zealand 70010 Australia 70020 New Zealand 71000 Pacific Islands 71010 New Caledonia 71012 Papua New Guinea 71013 Solomon Islands 71020 Cook Islands 71021 Fiji 71022 French Polynesia 71090 Oceania, n.s./n.e.c. 90000 Abroad (unknown) or at sea 90010 Abroad, n.s. 90011 Abroad (US citizen) 90020 At sea 90021 At sea (US citizen) 99999 Unknown Mother's birthplace. IPUMS Father's birthplace <svar a="all" v="US80A403">25. Father's birth place<br /><div class="i1">____ Place of birth of the father of this person<br />____ State or Territory of United States<br />____ Country, if of foreign birth</div><br /></svar> United States 1880 (100%): All persons 00100 Alabama 00200 Alaska 00400 Arizona 00500 Arkansas 00600 California 00800 Colorado 00900 Connecticut 01000 Delaware 01100 District of Columbia 01200 Florida 01300 Georgia 01500 Hawaii 01600 Idaho 01610 Idaho Territory 01700 Illinois 01800 Indiana 01900 Iowa 02000 Kansas 02100 Kentucky 02200 Louisiana 02300 Maine 02400 Maryland 02500 Massachusetts 02600 Michigan 02700 Minnesota 02800 Mississippi 02900 Missouri 03000 Montana 03100 Nebraska 03200 Nevada 03300 New Hampshire 03400 New Jersey 03500 New Mexico 03510 New Mexico Territory 03600 New York 03700 North Carolina 03800 North Dakota 03900 Ohio 04000 Oklahoma 04010 Indian Territory 04100 Oregon 04200 Pennsylvania 04400 Rhode Island 04500 South Carolina 04600 South Dakota 04610 Dakota Territory 04700 Tennessee 04800 Texas 04900 Utah 04910 Utah Territory 05000 Vermont 05100 Virginia 05300 Washington 05400 West Virginia 05500 Wisconsin 05600 Wyoming 05610 Wyoming Territory 09000 Native American 09900 United States, n.s. 10000 American Samoa 10500 Guam 11000 Puerto Rico 11500 U.S. Virgin Islands 11510 St. Croix 11520 St. John 11530 St. Thomas 15000 Canada 15010 English Canada 15011 British Columbia 15015 Saskatchewan 15017 Northwest 15019 Rupert's Land 15020 Manitoba 15021 Red River 15030 Ontario/Upper Canada 15031 Upper Canada 15032 Canada West 15040 New Brunswick 15042 Canada West 15050 Nova Scotia 15051 Cape Breton 15052 Halifax 15060 Prince Edward Island 15070 Newfoundland 15080 French Canada 15081 Quebec 15082 Lower Canada 15083 Canada East 15500 St. Pierre and Miquelon 16010 Bermuda 16020 Cape Verde 16030 Falkland Islands 16040 Greenland 16050 St. Helena and Ascension 16060 Canary Islands 19900 North America, n.s. 20000 Mexico 21000 Central America 21010 Belize/British Honduras 21020 Costa Rica 21030 El Salvador 21040 Guatemala 21050 Honduras 21060 Nicaragua 21070 Panama 25000 Cuba 26000 West Indies 26010 Dominican Republic 26020 Haiti 26030 Jamaica 26040 British West Indies 26042 Antigua-Barbuda 26043 Bahamas 26044 Barbados 26053 Cayman Isles 26054 Dominica 26055 Grenada 26057 St. Kitts-Nevis 26058 St. Lucia 26059 St. Vincent 26060 Trinidad and Tobago 26061 Turks and Caicos 26070 Other West Indies 26074 Curacao 26076 Saba 26077 St. Eustabias 26079 Dutch Caribbean, n.s. / n.e.c. 26080 French St. Maarten 26081 Guadeloupe 26082 Martinique 26083 St. Barthelemy 26089 French Caribbean, n.s. 26091 Caribbean, n.s. / n.e.c. 26094 West Indies, n.s. 26095 Winward Islands 30000 South America 30005 Argentina 30010 Bolivia 30015 Brazil 30020 Chile 30025 Colombia 30030 Ecuador 30035 French Guiana 30040 Guyana/British Guiana 30045 Paraguay 30050 Peru 30055 Surinam(e) 30060 Uruguay 30065 Venezuela 30090 South America, n.s. 40000 Denmark 40010 Faroe Islands 40100 Finland 40200 Iceland 40300 Lapland, n.s. 40400 Norway 40500 Sweden 41000 England 41010 Channel Islands 41011 Guernsey 41012 Jersey 41020 Isle of Man 41100 Scotland 41200 Wales 41300 United Kingdom, n.s. 41400 Ireland 41410 Northern Ireland 41900 Northern Europe, n.s. 42000 Belgium 42100 France 42110 Alsace-Lorraine 42111 Alsace 42112 Lorraine 42200 Liechtenstein 42300 Luxembourg 42400 Monaco 42500 Netherlands 42600 Switzerland 43000 Albania 43100 Andorra 43200 Gibraltar 43300 Greece 43330 Macedonia 43400 Italy 43500 Malta 43600 Portugal 43610 Azores 43620 Madeira Islands 43640 St. Miguel 43800 Spain 45000 Austria 45010 Austria-Hungary 45020 Austria-Graz 45040 Austria-Salzburg 45050 Austria-Tyrol 45060 Austria-Vienna 45100 Bulgaria 45200 Czechoslovakia 45210 Bohemia 45211 Bohemia-Moravia 45212 Slovakia 45300 Germany 45301 Berlin 45311 Baden 45312 Bavaria 45313 Bremen 45314 Brunswick 45315 Hamburg 45316 Hanover 45317 Hessen 45318 Hessen Nassau 45319 Holstein 45320 Lippe 45321 Lubeck 45322 Oldenburg 45323 Rhine Province 45324 Schleswig 45325 Schleswig-Holstein 45327 Waldeck 45328 West Berlin 45329 Westphalia 45330 Wurttemberg 45332 Saarland 45333 Nordrheim-Westfalen 45341 Anhalt 45342 Brandenburg 45344 Mecklenburg 45345 Sachsen-Altenburg 45346 Sachsen-Coburg 45347 Sachsen-Gotha 45350 Saxony 45351 Schwerin 45352 Strelitz 45360 Prussia, n.e.c. 45361 Hohenzollern 45362 Niedersachsen 45400 Hungary 45500 Poland 45510 Austrian Poland 45511 Galicia 45520 German Poland 45521 East Prussia 45522 Pomerania 45523 Posen 45524 Prussian Poland 45525 Silesia 45526 West Prussia 45530 Russian Poland 45600 Romania 45710 Croatia 45720 Montenegro 45730 Serbia 45740 Bosnia 45750 Dalmatia 45760 Slovenia 45900 Eastern Europe, n.s. 46000 Estonia 46100 Latvia 46200 Lithuania 46300 Baltic States, n.s. / n.e.c. 46500 Other USSR/Russia 46510 Byelorussia 46520 Moldavia 46530 Ukraine 46540 Armenia 46548 Siberia 49900 Europe, n.e.c./n.s. 50000 China 50010 Hong Kong 50020 Macau 50040 Taiwan 50100 Japan 50200 Korea 50220 South Korea 50900 East Asia, n.s. 51200 Indonesia 51210 East Indies 51400 Malaysia 51500 Philippines 51600 Singapore 51700 Thailand 51800 Vietnam 52000 Afghanistan 52100 India 52110 Bangladesh 52120 Bhutan 52130 Burma (Myanmar) 52140 Pakistan 52150 Sri Lanka (Ceylon) 52200 Iran 53100 Cyprus 53200 Iraq 53300 Iraq/Saudia Arabia 53400 Israel/Palestine 53420 Palestine 53500 Jordan 53700 Lebanon 54100 Syria 54200 Turkey 54210 European Turkey 54220 Asian Turkey 54700 Middle East, n.s. 54800 Southwest Asia, n.e.c./n.s. 54900 Asia Minor, n.s. 55000 South Asia, n.e.c. 59900 Asia, n.e.c./n.s. 60000 Africa 60010 Northern Africa 60011 Algeria 60012 Egypt/United Arab Rep. 60013 Libya 60014 Morocco 60015 Sudan 60016 Tunisia 60021 Burkina Faso 60024 Guinea 60027 Liberia 60028 Mali 60031 Nigeria 60033 Sierra Leone 60038 Western Africa, n.s. 60039 French West Africa, n.s. 60040 British Indian Ocean Territory 60044 Ethiopia 60046 Madagascar 60048 Mauritius 60049 Mozambique 60057 Zimbabwe 60072 Cameroon 60075 Congo 60090 Southern Africa 60091 Botswana 60094 South Africa (Union of) 60096 Southern Africa, n.s. 60099 Africa, n.s./n.e.c. 70000 Australia and New Zealand 70010 Australia 70020 New Zealand 71000 Pacific Islands 71010 New Caledonia 71012 Papua New Guinea 71013 Solomon Islands 71020 Cook Islands 71021 Fiji 71022 French Polynesia 71090 Oceania, n.s./n.e.c. 90000 Abroad (unknown) or at sea 90010 Abroad, n.s. 90011 Abroad (US citizen) 90020 At sea 90021 At sea (US citizen) 99999 Unknown Father's birthplace. IPUMS Months unemployed last year 14. ____ Number of months this person has been unemployed during the census year</p> <p>Note B: All persons will be included in the enumeration who were living on the 1st day of June. No others will. Children born since June 1, 1880 will be omitted. Members of families who have died since June 1, 1880, will be included</p> <p>Note F: Question No. 14 will only be asked in cases when a gainful occupation has been reported in column 13 United States 1880 (100%): Persons who reported an occupation 00 0 months or not in universe 01 1 month 02 2 months 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 Months unemployed last year. IPUMS Age in months <svar a="all" v="US80A408 US80A409">06. Age:<br /><div class="i1">If under 1 year, give months in fractions, thus, 3/12.<br /><br />____ Age at last birthday prior to June 1, 1880.<br /><br />07. ____ If born within the census year, give the month</div><br /></svar> United States 1880 (100%): Persons below 1 year old 00 0 months old 01 1 month old 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 99 N/A or blank Age in months. IPUMS Month of birth <svar a="all" v="US80A408 US80A409">06. Age:<br /><div class="i1">If under 1 year, give months in fractions, thus, 3/12.<br /><br />____ Age at last birthday prior to June 1, 1880.<br /><br />07. ____ If born within the census year, give the month</div><br /></svar> United States 1880 (100%): Persons under age 1 00 N/A 01 January 02 February 03 March 04 April 05 May 06 June 07 July 08 August 09 September 10 October 11 November 12 December 99 Missing Month of birth. IPUMS Surname similarity United States 1880 (100%): All persons 01 1st surname in household 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 Surname similarity. IPUMS Flag for mother's birthplace United States 1880 (100%): All persons Original entry or inapplicable (not in universe) 2 Illegible 3 Missing 4 Allocated Flag for mother's birthplace. IPUMS