DDI_PRI_1990_PHC_v01_M_v7.5_A_IPUMS 1990 Census of Population and Housing IPUMS May 20, 2024 MetadataEditor Version 7.5 October 2024. NEW FEATURES. --Historical data from NAPP project now available from IPUMS-International. --Historical census data from Canada, Denmark, the United Kingdom, Germany, Iceland, Norway, Sweden, and the United States for the period 1703 to 1911 are now available from IPUMS-International. The complete count and sample datasets were previously disseminated by the North Atlantic Population Project (NAPP). Where possible, the data have been integrated into existing IPUMS-International variable coding schema. Some new variables have been created that are available only for these pre-1960 datasets. NAPP data users should note that many NAPP variables are available from IPUMS-International by different names. For a complete list of NAPP variables that have been renamed in IPUMS-Interational, refer to the crosswalk. --Individual country shapefiles for the third-level administrative level of geography are now available for a few IPUMS samples. --New spatially harmonized previous-residence variables at the second administrative level of geography are available for several samples in this data release. More information is available here. Users should note that many older migration variables are available by different names. Refer to this table for a crosswalk of old and corresponding new migration variables. --IPUMS now hosts the Census Mosaic data collection. Census Mosaic identifies, gathers, harmonizes, and distributes surviving historical census microdata from regions of Continental Europe where complete centralized records are not available. The Mosaic project was founded by a consortium of historical social scientists in Europe. Data can be downloaded as static files from the Census Mosaic website. Although the data are not yet integrated fully into IPUMS International, variables have been standardized and harmonized to be roughly compatible with IPUMS coding structures. NEW SAMPLES. --Full-count datasets for Great Britain 1851, 1861, 1871 (Scotland only), 1891, and 1901. --Full-count dataset for Sweden 1910. Denmark (1845, 1880, and 1885) --Labor force surveys from Spain and eight new labor force surveys from Italy added to the series. Newly added countries: Benin, Cote d'Ivoire, Finland, Guatemala, Honduras, Laos, Lesotho, Mauritius, Myanmar, Papua New Guinea, Russia, Slovak Republic, Suriname, Togo, and Zimbabwe New samples for: Bolivia, Cambodia, Cambodia, Chile, Cuba, Cote d'Ivoire, Egypt (1848 and 1868, historical samples), Fiji, Guinea, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Lao PDR, Mexico, Morocco, Nepal, Netherlands, Palestine, Peru, Philippines, Puerto Rico, Rwanda, Senegal, Sierra Leone, South Africa, Switzerland, Uganda, United States, United Kingdom, United States, Vietnam, and Zimbabwe SUPPLEMENTAL DATA. Data from censuses from Benin and Lesotho that record individual fertility and/or mortality events were made available in IPUMS-International. These files can be downloaded and linked to data produced by the extract system. NEW VARIABLES. --IPUMS-International now provides harmonized and year-specific geography variables for all countries including 13 new samples from Dominican Republic, Germany, Indonesia, Israel, Malaysia, Mongolia, Nicaragua, Nigeria, Palestine, Paraguay, Thailand, United Kingdom, and Uruguay. First-level and second-level year specific geography variables are also available for all countries. IPUMS provides corresponding, downloadable GIS boundary files for all harmonized and year specific geography variables. More information about IPUMS geography variables is available here. --IPUMS International now provides spatially harmonized previous-residence variables at the first administrative level of geography. The codes for the spatially harmonized previous-residence variables match the spatially harmonized place of current residence. More information is available here. --IPUMS International provides spatially harmonized previous-residence variables at the first administrative level of geography for all samples; previously available country-specific migration variables at the first administrative level that were not fully harmonized spatially have been phased out. Spatially harmonized previous-residence variables at the second administrative level of geography are available for selected samples. More information is available here. Users should note that many older migration variables are available by different names. Refer to this table for a crosswalk of old and corresponding new migration variables. --IPUMS International now provides spatially harmonized previous-residence variables at the first administrative level of geography for all samples. Spatially harmonized previous-residence variables at the second administrative level of geography are available for several samples in this data release. More information is available here. Users should note that many older migration variables are available by different names. Refer to this table for a crosswalk of old and corresponding new migration variables. --Lower (third) level geography codes and GIS files have been added for Bangladesh, China, Ethiopia, Mali, Rwanda, and Zimbabwe. Some geography codes and labels might have changed for these countries to accommodate the newer lower level geography. --Added more detailed 3-digit industry and occupation variables for China 2000. EDITED SAMPLES. --Revised full-count data for Great Britain 1881 --Revised full-count datasets for Sweden 1890 and 1900. The revision includes the following changes that improve comparability across Sweden datasets: --Revisions to certain ethnicity and work variables (and the underlying source data): ORIGIN, LABFORCE, OCCHISCO, OCRELATE, OCSTATUS. --Revisions to unharmonized source variables: SE1890A_HISCOSE, SE1890A_HISCRELSE, SE1890A_HISCSTATSE, SE1890A_OCCMULTISE, SE1900A_HISCOSE, SE1900A_HISCRELSE, SE1900A_HISCSTATSE, SE1900A_OCCMULTISE. --A new United States 1850 full-count dataset now matches the corresponding dataset distributed by the USA IPUMS data project. The source variable US1850A_0502 (HISTID) provides a linking key to match person records to the USA version of the data. The IPUMS International version of the data contains names, which the USA version cannot distribute. EDITED VARIABLES. An error affecting HHWT for South Africa 2007 was corrected. The existing values were adjusted by a factor of 0.01. AGEMARR was edited to add data for Hungary 1980 and 1990. Harmonized and year-specific geography variables for Brazil and Colombia have been edited to accommodate for the availability of refined municipal boundaries. Users should be aware that codes and labels have changed in all harmonized and year specific geography varaibles for these two countries. Errors affecting BPLSE2 (formerly BPLPARSE) for Sweden 1890 and the underlying source variable were corrected. Several thousand cases were incorrectly coded as 258101000. These cases have been updated with the correct code: 258171000. Harmonized geography variables for Italy, Philippines, Rwanda, and United States have been edited to accommodate new samples. Users should be aware that codes and labels have changed in all harmonized and year specific geography varaibles for these countries. More information about IPUMS geography variables is available here. The codes for the source variable RW2002A_0419 were corrected to include 0 and 8 as possible responses, which were previously identified as 'unknown years' within primary education. Errors affecting EDUCFJ for Fiji 2006 were corrected. A problem with PERWT for Tanzania 2012 was corrected. The previous weights were adjusted to properly reflect population totals. MOMLOC, POPLOC, and PARRULE were updated for the United States 2010 and 2015 samples to include additional information on subfamilies. Prior to this correction, persons above age 17 were not receiving links to their co-resident mothers and fathers. An error affecting codes for the URBAN variable in Egypt 1986 for Cairo, Alexandria, Port-Said, and Suez was corrected. An error in INCEARN affecting Venezuela 2001 was corrected. Earned income in the source variable VE2001A_0440 is interpreted as a monthly amount, thus adjustments previously applied to convert data from daily or weekly income were supressed. All the six Brazil samples in IPUMS International were replaced with higher density samples. An edited version of the Chile 2017 sample was introduced to correct an error in household breaks. Errors affecting codes for GEO1_ZA in South Africa 2011 and ENUTS1 in United Kingdom 1991 were corrected. Harmonized geography variables for Cambodia, Fiji, and Nepal have been edited to accommodate new samples. Users should be aware that codes and labels have changed in all harmonized and year-specific geography varaibles for these countries. More information about IPUMS geography variables is available here. An error in PERWT affecting Nepal 2001 was corrected. Errors affecting a code in GQ for Brazil 2010 and Indonesia 2010 were corrected. Both census samples now identify 1-person units created by splitting a large household. An error in MARRNUM affecting Indonesia 1976 was corrected. Some codes for GEO1_EG2006 and GEO2_EG2006 were edited. Harmonized geography variables for Bolivia, Cuba, Guinea, Ireland, Morocco, Palestine, Senegal, South Africa, and Uganda have been edited to accommodate new samples. Users should be aware that codes and labels have changed in all harmonized and year-specific geography variables for these countries. More information about IPUMS geography variables is available here. An error in INCEARN affecting Brazil 1980 was corrected. An error in EDATTAIN affecting Ireland 1971 and 1981 was corrected. A small proportion of person records in Mexico 1960 were re-classified in MIGRATEP based on information about their current and previous residence. These were previously coded to 'different major administrative unit', even though their place of residence suggests that their last move was within the same major administrative unit. The second-level technician (higher) degrees for Spain 1991, 2001, and 2011 were re-classified into post-secondary technical education in EDATTAIN. An error affecting codes for SEX for Egypt 1848 and 1868 was corrected. The values for male and female had been reversed. A problem with HHWT and PERWT for Canada 2011 was corrected. The previous weights were adjusted to properly reflect population totals. Harmonized geography variables for Cambodia, Lao PDR, Mexico, Peru, Switzerland, Vietnam, Puerto Rico, United Kingdom, and United States have been edited to accommodate new samples. Users should be aware that codes and labels have changed in all harmonized and year-specific geography variables for these countries. More information about IPUMS geography variables is available here. Harmonized geography variables for Chile and Sierra Leone have been edited to accommodate new samples. Users should be aware that codes and labels have changed in all harmonized and year-specific geography variables for these countries. More information about IPUMS geography variables is available here. An error affecting codes for COMPUTER for Senegal 2013 was corrected. An error affecting labels available in IND for Peru 1993 was corrected. An error affecting codes for persons previously residing abroad for MIG1_5_BO in Bolivia 2001 and 2012 was corrected. EDUCAR, EDATTAIN, and YRSCHOOL were adjusted in the Argentina samples to incorporate information on completion of education levels in the data harmonization. HHWT and PERWT were calibrated in Kenya 1979 to properly reflect the population distribution by province. In GQ (group quarters status), persons residing in hospitals of all types were reclassified to 'institutional group quarters' from 'other group quarters,' making their treatment consistent with GQTYPE. Errors affecting codes for BPLBJ2 in Benin 1979, 1992, and 2002 were corrected. Errors affecting codes for GEO2_BR1970 in Brazil 1970 were corrected. 1990 Census of Population and Housing - IPUMS Subset PHC Puerto Rico 1990 (IPUMS Harmonized Subset) PRI_1990_PHC_v01_M_v7.5_A_IPUMS U.S. Census Bureau IPUMS (c) Copyright 1990, U.S. Census Bureau and Minnesota Population Center MetadataEditor U.S. Census Bureau Population and Housing Census [hh/popcen] IPUMS International DOI:10.18128/D020.V7.5 Version 7.5. The datasets contain selected variables from the original census microdata plus harmonized variables from the IPUMS-International database. Demographic Variables -- PERSON Dwelling Characteristics Variables -- HOUSEHOLD Appliances, Mechanicals, Other Amenities Variables -- HOUSEHOLD Nativity and Birthplace Variables -- PERSON Fertility and Mortality Variables -- PERSON Work Variables -- PERSON Technical Household Variables -- HOUSEHOLD Disability Variables -- PERSON Education Variables -- PERSON Constructed Family Interrelationship Variables -- PERSON Utilities Variables -- HOUSEHOLD Geography: O-Z Variables -- HOUSEHOLD Group Quarters Variables -- HOUSEHOLD Constructed Household Variables -- HOUSEHOLD Income Variables -- PERSON Migration: Global Variables -- PERSON Household Economic Variables -- HOUSEHOLD Technical Person Variables -- PERSON Geography: Global Variables -- HOUSEHOLD Ethnicity and Language Variables -- PERSON Technical Household Variables -- HOUSEHOLD Technical Person Variables -- PERSON Geography: O-Z Variables -- HOUSEHOLD Group Quarters Variables -- HOUSEHOLD Household Economic Variables -- HOUSEHOLD Other Household Variables -- HOUSEHOLD Dwelling Characteristics Variables -- HOUSEHOLD Utilities Variables -- HOUSEHOLD Appliances, Mechanicals, Other Amenities Variables -- HOUSEHOLD Constructed Household Variables -- HOUSEHOLD Household Imputation Flags Variables -- HOUSEHOLD Household Imputation Flags Variables -- HOUSEHOLD Technical Person Variables -- PERSON Constructed Family Interrelationship Variables -- PERSON Demographic Variables -- PERSON Nativity and Birthplace Variables -- PERSON Ethnicity and Language Variables -- PERSON Education Variables -- PERSON Work Variables -- PERSON Work: Occupation Variables -- PERSON Work: Industry Variables -- PERSON Income Variables -- PERSON Migration: Global Variables -- PERSON Disability Variables -- PERSON Other Person Variables -- PERSON Person Imputation Flags Variables -- PERSON Person Imputation Flags Variables -- PERSON Work Variables -- PERSON Income Variables -- PERSON Work: Occupation Variables -- PERSON Demographic Variables -- PERSON Other Person Variables -- PERSON Migration: Global Variables -- PERSON Education Variables -- PERSON Ethnicity and Language Variables -- PERSON Nativity and Birthplace Variables -- PERSON Fertility and Mortality Variables -- PERSON Puerto Rico PUMAS (Public Use Microdata Areas (PUMAs) containing 100,000 or more residents Persons, households, and dwellings UNITS IDENTIFIED: - Dwellings: yes - Vacant Units: Yes - Households: yes - Individuals: yes - Group quarters: yes UNIT DESCRIPTIONS: - Dwellings: no - Households: Dwelling places with fewer than ten persons unrelated to a household head, excluding institutions and transient quarters. - Group quarters: Institutions, transient quarters, and dwelling places with ten or more persons unrelated to a household head. Residents of Puerto Rico Population and Housing Census [hh/popcen] Additional notes on a sample that is part of this study: Puerto Rico 1990 MICRODATA SOURCE: U.S. Census Bureau SAMPLE SIZE (person records): 177655. SAMPLE DESIGN: 1-in-20 national random sample of the population drawn by the U.S. Census Bureau Face-to-face [f2f] The 1990 census used a single long-form questionnaire completed by one-half of persons in places with a population under 2,500, one-sixth of persons in other tracts and block numbering areas with fewer than 2,000 housing units, and one-eighth of all other areas. Overall, about one-sixth of housing units completed a long form. de jure, CENSUS DAY: April 1, 1990 Weights computed by census agency should be used for most types of analysis. IPUMS International distributes integrated microdata of individuals and households only by agreement of collaborating national statistical offices and under the strictest of confidence. Before data may be distributed to an individual researcher, an electronic license agreement must be signed and approved. To gain access to the data, a researcher must agree to the following: (1) Implement security measures to prevent unauthorized access to census microdata. Under IPUMS International agreements with collaborating agencies, redistribution of the data to third parties is prohibited. (2) Use the microdata for the exclusive purposes of scholarly research and education. Researchers must explicitly agree to not use microdata acquired for any commercial or income-generating venture. (3) Maintain the confidentiality of persons, households, and other entities. Any attempt to ascertain the identity of persons or households from the microdata is prohibited. Alleging that a person or household has been identified is also prohibited. (4) Report all publications based on these data to IPUMS International, which will in turn pass the information on to the relevant national statistical agencies. Once a project is approved, a password is issued and data may be acquired through the Internet. Penalties for violating the license include: revocation of the license, recall of all microdata acquired, filing of a motion of censure to the appropriate professional organizations, and civil prosecution under the relevant national or international statutes. These safeguards mirror the principles from the Joint ECE/Eurostat Work Session on Statistical Data Confidentiality. Employees of the Minnesota Population Center who work with the census microdata to produce the harmonized database also sign agreements to respect the confidentiality of the data. IPUMS International works with each country's statistical office to minimize the risk of disclosure of respondent information. The details of the confidentiality protections vary across countries, but in all cases, names and detailed geographic information are suppressed and top-codes are imposed on variables such as income that might identify specific persons. In addition, IPUMS International uses a variety of technical procedures to enhance confidentiality protection. These include the following: (1) Swapping an undisclosed fraction of records from one administrative district to another to make positive identification of individuals impossible. (2) Randomizing the placement of households within districts to disguise the order in which individuals were enumerated or the data processed. (3) Aggregating codes of sensitive characteristics (e.g., grouping together very small ethnic categories) (4) Top- and bottom-coding continuous variables to prevent identification of extreme cases. The safety record for public-use census microdata is apparently perfect. In almost four decades of use, there has not been a single verified breach of statistical confidentiality. The measures implemented by the IPUMS International are designed to extend this record. U.S. Census Bureau Steven Ruggles, Lara Cleveland, Rodrigo Lovaton, Sula Sarkar, Matthew Sobek, Derek Burk, Dan Ehrlich, Quinn Heimann, Jane Lee. Integrated Public Use Microdata Series, International: Version 7.5 [dataset]. Minneapolis, MN: IPUMS, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1 [dataset]. Minneapolis, MN: IPUMS, 2024. https://doi.org/10.18128/D020.V7.5 Researchers should also acknowledge the statistical agency that originally produced the data: Puerto Rico, U.S. Census Bureau. 1990 Census of Population and Housing The licensing agreement for use of IPUMS International data requires that users supply IPUMS International with the title and full citation for any publications, research reports, or educational materials making use of the data or documentation. Copies of such materials are also gratefully received at ipums@umn.edu. Printed matter should be sent to: IPUMS International Minnesota Population Center University of Minnesota 50 Willey Hall 225 19th Avenue South Minneapolis, MN 55455 An adapted version of the dataset, harmonized for international comparability, is available from IPUMS International (https://international.ipums.org/international/) under the following conditions: IPUMS International distributes integrated microdata of individuals and households only by agreement of collaborating national statistical offices and under the strictest of confidence. Before data may be distributed to an individual researcher, an electronic license agreement must be signed and approved. To gain access to the data, a researcher must agree to the following: (1) Implement security measures to prevent unauthorized access to census microdata. Under IPUMS International agreements with collaborating agencies, redistribution of the data to third parties is prohibited. (2) Use the microdata for the exclusive purposes of scholarly research and education. Researchers must explicitly agree to not use microdata acquired for any commercial or income-generating venture. (3) Maintain the confidentiality of persons, households, and other entities. Any attempt to ascertain the identity of persons or households from the microdata is prohibited. Alleging that a person or household has been identified is also prohibited. (4) Report all publications based on these data to IPUMS International, which will in turn pass the information on to the relevant national statistical agencies. Once a project is approved, a password is issued and data may be acquired through the Internet. Penalties for violating the license include: revocation of the license, recall of all microdata acquired, filing of a motion of censure to the appropriate professional organizations, and civil prosecution under the relevant national or international statutes. These safeguards mirror the principles from the Joint ECE/Eurostat Work Session on Statistical Data Confidentiality. Employees of the Minnesota Population Center who work with the census microdata to produce the harmonized database also sign agreements to respect the confidentiality of the data. The user of the data acknowledges that the original collector of the data, the authorized distributor of the data, and the relevant funding agency bear no responsibility for use of the data or for interpretations or inferences based upon such uses. PRI1990_PHC-H-H Household records 61 135 PRI1990_PHC-P-H Person records 177655 209 Record type H Household P Person RECTYPE identifies the type of record for the case: household or person. NOTE: RECTYPE is an alphabetic (character string) variable with a value of 'H' for household records and 'P' for person records. RECTYPE will not appear as a variable in the default rectangular extracts produced by the data extract system. It is only available in hierarchical extracts, to distinguish between the two record types. IPUMS Country 032 Argentina 051 Armenia 040 Austria 050 Bangladesh 112 Belarus 204 Benin 068 Bolivia 072 Botswana 076 Brazil 854 Burkina Faso 116 Cambodia 120 Cameroon 124 Canada 152 Chile 156 China 170 Colombia 188 Costa Rica 192 Cuba 208 Denmark 214 Dominican Republic 218 Ecuador 818 Egypt 222 El Salvador 231 Ethiopia 242 Fiji 246 Finland 250 France 276 Germany 288 Ghana 300 Greece 320 Guatemala 324 Guinea 332 Haiti 340 Honduras 348 Hungary 352 Iceland 356 India 360 Indonesia 364 Iran 368 Iraq 372 Ireland 376 Israel 380 Italy 384 Ivory Coast 388 Jamaica 400 Jordan 404 Kenya 417 Kyrgyz Republic 418 Laos 426 Lesotho 430 Liberia 454 Malawi 458 Malaysia 466 Mali 480 Mauritius 484 Mexico 496 Mongolia 504 Morocco 508 Mozambique 104 Myanmar 524 Nepal 528 Netherlands 558 Nicaragua 566 Nigeria 578 Norway 586 Pakistan 275 Palestine 591 Panama 598 Papua New Guinea 600 Paraguay 604 Peru 608 Philippines 616 Poland 620 Portugal 630 Puerto Rico 642 Romania 643 Russia 646 Rwanda 662 Saint Lucia 686 Senegal 694 Sierra Leone 703 Slovak Republic 705 Slovenia 710 South Africa 728 South Sudan 724 Spain 729 Sudan 740 Suriname 752 Sweden 756 Switzerland 834 Tanzania 764 Thailand 768 Togo 780 Trinidad and Tobago 792 Turkey 800 Uganda 804 Ukraine 826 United Kingdom 840 United States 858 Uruguay 862 Venezuela 704 Vietnam 894 Zambia 716 Zimbabwe COUNTRY gives the country from which the sample was drawn. The codes assigned to each country are those used by the UN Statistics Division and the ISO (International Organization for Standardization). IPUMS Year 1703 1703 1729 1729 1787 1787 1801 1801 1819 1819 1845 1845 1848 1848 1850 1850 1851 1851 1852 1852 1860 1860 1861 1861 1865 1865 1868 1868 1870 1870 1871 1871 1875 1875 1880 1880 1881 1881 1885 1885 1890 1890 1891 1891 1900 1900 1901 1901 1910 1910 1911 1911 1960 1960 1961 1961 1962 1962 1963 1963 1964 1964 1966 1966 1968 1968 1969 1969 1970 1970 1971 1971 1972 1972 1973 1973 1974 1974 1975 1975 1976 1976 1977 1977 1978 1978 1979 1979 1980 1980 1981 1981 1982 1982 1983 1983 1984 1984 1985 1985 1986 1986 1987 1987 1989 1989 1990 1990 1991 1991 1992 1992 1993 1993 1994 1994 1995 1995 1996 1996 1997 1997 1998 1998 1999 1999 2000 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2005 2006 2006 2007 2007 2008 2008 2009 2009 2010 2010 2011 2011 2012 2012 2013 2013 2014 2014 2015 2015 2016 2016 2017 2017 2018 2018 2019 2019 2020 2020 YEAR gives the year in which the census or survey was taken. For samples that span years, the midpoint or first year of the interval is reported. IPUMS IPUMS sample identifier 032197001 Argentina 1970 032198001 Argentina 1980 032199101 Argentina 1991 032200101 Argentina 2001 032201001 Argentina 2010 051200101 Armenia 2001 051201101 Armenia 2011 040197101 Austria 1971 040198101 Austria 1981 040199101 Austria 1991 040200101 Austria 2001 040201101 Austria 2011 050199101 Bangladesh 1991 050200101 Bangladesh 2001 050201101 Bangladesh 2011 112199901 Belarus 1999 112200901 Belarus 2009 204197901 Benin 1979 204199201 Benin 1992 204200201 Benin 2002 204201301 Benin 2013 068197601 Bolivia 1976 068199201 Bolivia 1992 068200101 Bolivia 2001 068201201 Bolivia 2012 072198101 Botswana 1981 072199101 Botswana 1991 072200101 Botswana 2001 072201101 Botswana 2011 076196001 Brazil 1960 076197001 Brazil 1970 076198001 Brazil 1980 076199101 Brazil 1991 076200001 Brazil 2000 076201001 Brazil 2010 854198501 Burkina Faso 1985 854199601 Burkina Faso 1996 854200601 Burkina Faso 2006 116199801 Cambodia 1998 116200401 Cambodia 2004 116200801 Cambodia 2008 116201301 Cambodia 2013 116201901 Cambodia 2019 120197601 Cameroon 1976 120198701 Cameroon 1987 120200501 Cameroon 2005 124185201 Canada 1852 124187101 Canada 1871 124188101 Canada 1881 124189101 Canada 1891 124190101 Canada 1901 124191101 Canada 1911 124197101 Canada 1971 124198101 Canada 1981 124199101 Canada 1991 124200101 Canada 2001 124201101 Canada 2011 152196001 Chile 1960 152197001 Chile 1970 152198201 Chile 1982 152199201 Chile 1992 152200201 Chile 2002 152201701 Chile 2017 156198201 China 1982 156199001 China 1990 156200001 China 2000 170196401 Colombia 1964 170197301 Colombia 1973 170198501 Colombia 1985 170199301 Colombia 1993 170200501 Colombia 2005 188196301 Costa Rica 1963 188197301 Costa Rica 1973 188198401 Costa Rica 1984 188200001 Costa Rica 2000 188201101 Costa Rica 2011 192200201 Cuba 2002 192201201 Cuba 2012 208178701 Denmark 1787 208180101 Denmark 1801 208184501 Denmark 1845 208188001 Denmark 1880 208188501 Denmark 1885 214196001 Dominican Republic 1960 214197001 Dominican Republic 1970 214198101 Dominican Republic 1981 214200201 Dominican Republic 2002 214201001 Dominican Republic 2010 218196201 Ecuador 1962 218197401 Ecuador 1974 218198201 Ecuador 1982 218199001 Ecuador 1990 218200101 Ecuador 2001 218201001 Ecuador 2010 818184801 Egypt 1848 818186801 Egypt 1868 818198601 Egypt 1986 818199601 Egypt 1996 818200601 Egypt 2006 222199201 El Salvador 1992 222200701 El Salvador 2007 231198401 Ethiopia 1984 231199401 Ethiopia 1994 231200701 Ethiopia 2007 242196601 Fiji 1966 242197601 Fiji 1976 242198601 Fiji 1986 242199601 Fiji 1996 242200701 Fiji 2007 242201401 Fiji 2014 246201001 Finland 2010 250196201 France 1962 250196801 France 1968 250197501 France 1975 250198201 France 1982 250199001 France 1990 250199901 France 1999 250200601 France 2006 250201101 France 2011 276181901 Germany 1819 (Mecklenburg) 276197001 Germany 1970 (West) 276197101 Germany 1971 (East) 276198101 Germany 1981 (East) 276198701 Germany 1987 (West) 288198401 Ghana 1984 288200001 Ghana 2000 288201001 Ghana 2010 300197101 Greece 1971 300198101 Greece 1981 300199101 Greece 1991 300200101 Greece 2001 300201101 Greece 2011 320196401 Guatemala 1964 320197301 Guatemala 1973 320198101 Guatemala 1981 320199401 Guatemala 1994 320200201 Guatemala 2002 324198301 Guinea 1983 324199601 Guinea 1996 324201401 Guinea 2014 332197101 Haiti 1971 332198201 Haiti 1982 332200301 Haiti 2003 340196101 Honduras 1961 340197401 Honduras 1974 340198801 Honduras 1988 340200101 Honduras 2001 348197001 Hungary 1970 348198001 Hungary 1980 348199001 Hungary 1990 348200101 Hungary 2001 348201101 Hungary 2011 352170301 Iceland 1703 352172901 Iceland 1729 352180101 Iceland 1801 352190101 Iceland 1901 352191001 Iceland 1910 356198341 India 1983 356198741 India 1987 356199341 India 1993 356199941 India 1999 356200441 India 2004 356200941 India 2009 360197101 Indonesia 1971 360197601 Indonesia 1976 360198001 Indonesia 1980 360198501 Indonesia 1985 360199001 Indonesia 1990 360199501 Indonesia 1995 360200001 Indonesia 2000 360200501 Indonesia 2005 360201001 Indonesia 2010 364200601 Iran 2006 364201101 Iran 2011 368199701 Iraq 1997 372190101 Ireland 1901 372191101 Ireland 1911 372197101 Ireland 1971 372197901 Ireland 1979 372198101 Ireland 1981 372198601 Ireland 1986 372199101 Ireland 1991 372199601 Ireland 1996 372200201 Ireland 2002 372200601 Ireland 2006 372201101 Ireland 2011 372201601 Ireland 2016 376197201 Israel 1972 376198301 Israel 1983 376199501 Israel 1995 376200801 Israel 2008 380200101 Italy 2001 380201101 Italy 2011 380201121 Italy 2011 Q1 LFS 380201221 Italy 2012 Q1 LFS 380201321 Italy 2013 Q1 LFS 380201421 Italy 2014 Q1 LFS 380201521 Italy 2015 Q1 LFS 380201621 Italy 2016 Q1 LFS 380201721 Italy 2017 Q1 LFS 380201821 Italy 2018 Q1 LFS 380201921 Italy 2019 Q1 LFS 380202021 Italy 2020 Q1 LFS 384198801 Ivory Coast 1988 384199801 Ivory Coast 1998 388198201 Jamaica 1982 388199101 Jamaica 1991 388200101 Jamaica 2001 400200401 Jordan 2004 404196901 Kenya 1969 404197901 Kenya 1979 404198901 Kenya 1989 404199901 Kenya 1999 404200901 Kenya 2009 417199901 Kyrgyz Republic 1999 417200901 Kyrgyz Republic 2009 418199501 Laos 1995 418200501 Laos 2005 418201501 Laos 2015 426199601 Lesotho 1996 426200601 Lesotho 2006 430197401 Liberia 1974 430200801 Liberia 2008 454198701 Malawi 1987 454199801 Malawi 1998 454200801 Malawi 2008 458197001 Malaysia 1970 458198001 Malaysia 1980 458199101 Malaysia 1991 458200001 Malaysia 2000 466198701 Mali 1987 466199801 Mali 1998 466200901 Mali 2009 480199001 Mauritius 1990 480200001 Mauritius 2000 480201101 Mauritius 2011 484196001 Mexico 1960 484197001 Mexico 1970 484199001 Mexico 1990 484199501 Mexico 1995 484200001 Mexico 2000 484200501 Mexico 2005 484201001 Mexico 2010 484201501 Mexico 2015 484202001 Mexico 2020 484200521 Mexico 2005 Q1 LFS 484200522 Mexico 2005 Q2 LFS 484200523 Mexico 2005 Q3 LFS 484200524 Mexico 2005 Q4 LFS 484200621 Mexico 2006 Q1 LFS 484200622 Mexico 2006 Q2 LFS 484200623 Mexico 2006 Q3 LFS 484200624 Mexico 2006 Q4 LFS 484200721 Mexico 2007 Q1 LFS 484200722 Mexico 2007 Q2 LFS 484200723 Mexico 2007 Q3 LFS 484200724 Mexico 2007 Q4 LFS 484200821 Mexico 2008 Q1 LFS 484200822 Mexico 2008 Q2 LFS 484200823 Mexico 2008 Q3 LFS 484200824 Mexico 2008 Q4 LFS 484200921 Mexico 2009 Q1 LFS 484200922 Mexico 2009 Q2 LFS 484200923 Mexico 2009 Q3 LFS 484200924 Mexico 2009 Q4 LFS 484201021 Mexico 2010 Q1 LFS 484201022 Mexico 2010 Q2 LFS 484201023 Mexico 2010 Q3 LFS 484201024 Mexico 2010 Q4 LFS 484201121 Mexico 2011 Q1 LFS 484201122 Mexico 2011 Q2 LFS 484201123 Mexico 2011 Q3 LFS 484201124 Mexico 2011 Q4 LFS 484201221 Mexico 2012 Q1 LFS 484201222 Mexico 2012 Q2 LFS 484201223 Mexico 2012 Q3 LFS 484201224 Mexico 2012 Q4 LFS 484201321 Mexico 2013 Q1 LFS 484201322 Mexico 2013 Q2 LFS 484201323 Mexico 2013 Q3 LFS 484201324 Mexico 2013 Q4 LFS 484201421 Mexico 2014 Q1 LFS 484201422 Mexico 2014 Q2 LFS 484201423 Mexico 2014 Q3 LFS 484201424 Mexico 2014 Q4 LFS 484201521 Mexico 2015 Q1 LFS 484201522 Mexico 2015 Q2 LFS 484201523 Mexico 2015 Q3 LFS 484201524 Mexico 2015 Q4 LFS 484201621 Mexico 2016 Q1 LFS 484201622 Mexico 2016 Q2 LFS 484201623 Mexico 2016 Q3 LFS 484201624 Mexico 2016 Q4 LFS 484201721 Mexico 2017 Q1 LFS 484201722 Mexico 2017 Q2 LFS 484201723 Mexico 2017 Q3 LFS 484201724 Mexico 2017 Q4 LFS 484201821 Mexico 2018 Q1 LFS 484201822 Mexico 2018 Q2 LFS 484201823 Mexico 2018 Q3 LFS 484201824 Mexico 2018 Q4 LFS 484201921 Mexico 2019 Q1 LFS 484201922 Mexico 2019 Q2 LFS 484201923 Mexico 2019 Q3 LFS 484201924 Mexico 2019 Q4 LFS 484202021 Mexico 2020 Q1 LFS 484202023 Mexico 2020 Q3 LFS 496198901 Mongolia 1989 496200001 Mongolia 2000 504198201 Morocco 1982 504199401 Morocco 1994 504200401 Morocco 2004 504201401 Morocco 2014 508199701 Mozambique 1997 508200701 Mozambique 2007 104201401 Myanmar 2014 524200101 Nepal 2001 524201101 Nepal 2011 528196001 Netherlands 1960 528197101 Netherlands 1971 528200101 Netherlands 2001 528201101 Netherlands 2011 558197101 Nicaragua 1971 558199501 Nicaragua 1995 558200501 Nicaragua 2005 566200621 Nigeria 2006 566200721 Nigeria 2007 566200821 Nigeria 2008 566200921 Nigeria 2009 566201021 Nigeria 2010 578180101 Norway 1801 578186501 Norway 1865 578187501 Norway 1875 578190001 Norway 1900 578191001 Norway 1910 586197301 Pakistan 1973 586198101 Pakistan 1981 586199801 Pakistan 1998 275199701 Palestine 1997 275200701 Palestine 2007 275201701 Palestine 2017 591196001 Panama 1960 591197001 Panama 1970 591198001 Panama 1980 591199001 Panama 1990 591200001 Panama 2000 591201001 Panama 2010 598198001 Papua New Guinea 1980 598199001 Papua New Guinea 1990 598200001 Papua New Guinea 2000 600196201 Paraguay 1962 600197201 Paraguay 1972 600198201 Paraguay 1982 600199201 Paraguay 1992 600200201 Paraguay 2002 604199301 Peru 1993 604200701 Peru 2007 604201701 Peru 2017 608199001 Philippines 1990 608199501 Philippines 1995 608200001 Philippines 2000 608201001 Philippines 2010 616197801 Poland 1978 616198801 Poland 1988 616200201 Poland 2002 616201101 Poland 2011 620198101 Portugal 1981 620199101 Portugal 1991 620200101 Portugal 2001 620201101 Portugal 2011 630197001 Puerto Rico 1970 630198001 Puerto Rico 1980 630199001 Puerto Rico 1990 630200001 Puerto Rico 2000 630200501 Puerto Rico 2005 630201001 Puerto Rico 2010 630201501 Puerto Rico 2015 630202001 Puerto Rico 2020 642197701 Romania 1977 642199201 Romania 1992 642200201 Romania 2002 642201101 Romania 2011 643200201 Russia 2002 643201001 Russia 2010 646199101 Rwanda 1991 646200201 Rwanda 2002 646201201 Rwanda 2012 662198001 Saint Lucia 1980 662199101 Saint Lucia 1991 686198801 Senegal 1988 686200201 Senegal 2002 686201301 Senegal 2013 694200401 Sierra Leone 2004 694201501 Sierra Leone 2015 703199101 Slovak Republic 1991 703200101 Slovak Republic 2001 703201101 Slovak Republic 2011 705200201 Slovenia 2002 710199601 South Africa 1996 710200101 South Africa 2001 710200701 South Africa 2007 710201101 South Africa 2011 710201601 South Africa 2016 728200801 South Sudan 2008 724198101 Spain 1981 724199101 Spain 1991 724200101 Spain 2001 724201101 Spain 2011 724200521 Spain 2005 Q1 LFS 724200522 Spain 2005 Q2 LFS 724200523 Spain 2005 Q3 LFS 724200524 Spain 2005 Q4 LFS 724200621 Spain 2006 Q1 LFS 724200622 Spain 2006 Q2 LFS 724200623 Spain 2006 Q3 LFS 724200624 Spain 2006 Q4 LFS 724200721 Spain 2007 Q1 LFS 724200722 Spain 2007 Q2 LFS 724200723 Spain 2007 Q3 LFS 724200724 Spain 2007 Q4 LFS 724200821 Spain 2008 Q1 LFS 724200822 Spain 2008 Q2 LFS 724200823 Spain 2008 Q3 LFS 724200824 Spain 2008 Q4 LFS 724200921 Spain 2009 Q1 LFS 724200922 Spain 2009 Q2 LFS 724200923 Spain 2009 Q3 LFS 724200924 Spain 2009 Q4 LFS 724201021 Spain 2010 Q1 LFS 724201022 Spain 2010 Q2 LFS 724201023 Spain 2010 Q3 LFS 724201024 Spain 2010 Q4 LFS 724201121 Spain 2011 Q1 LFS 724201122 Spain 2011 Q2 LFS 724201123 Spain 2011 Q3 LFS 724201124 Spain 2011 Q4 LFS 724201221 Spain 2012 Q1 LFS 724201222 Spain 2012 Q2 LFS 724201223 Spain 2012 Q3 LFS 724201224 Spain 2012 Q4 LFS 724201321 Spain 2013 Q1 LFS 724201322 Spain 2013 Q2 LFS 724201323 Spain 2013 Q3 LFS 724201324 Spain 2013 Q4 LFS 724201421 Spain 2014 Q1 LFS 724201422 Spain 2014 Q2 LFS 724201423 Spain 2014 Q3 LFS 724201424 Spain 2014 Q4 LFS 724201521 Spain 2015 Q1 LFS 724201522 Spain 2015 Q2 LFS 724201523 Spain 2015 Q3 LFS 724201524 Spain 2015 Q4 LFS 724201621 Spain 2016 Q1 LFS 724201622 Spain 2016 Q2 LFS 724201623 Spain 2016 Q3 LFS 724201624 Spain 2016 Q4 LFS 724201721 Spain 2017 Q1 LFS 724201722 Spain 2017 Q2 LFS 724201723 Spain 2017 Q3 LFS 724201724 Spain 2017 Q4 LFS 724201821 Spain 2018 Q1 LFS 724201822 Spain 2018 Q2 LFS 724201823 Spain 2018 Q3 LFS 724201824 Spain 2018 Q4 LFS 724201921 Spain 2019 Q1 LFS 724201922 Spain 2019 Q2 LFS 724201923 Spain 2019 Q3 LFS 724201924 Spain 2019 Q4 LFS 724202021 Spain 2020 Q1 LFS 724202022 Spain 2020 Q2 LFS 724202023 Spain 2020 Q3 LFS 724202024 Spain 2020 Q4 LFS 729200801 Sudan 2008 740200401 Suriname 2004 740201201 Suriname 2012 752188001 Sweden 1880 752189001 Sweden 1890 752190001 Sweden 1900 752191001 Sweden 1910 756197001 Switzerland 1970 756198001 Switzerland 1980 756199001 Switzerland 1990 756200001 Switzerland 2000 756201101 Switzerland 2011 834198801 Tanzania 1988 834200201 Tanzania 2002 834201201 Tanzania 2012 764197001 Thailand 1970 764198001 Thailand 1980 764199001 Thailand 1990 764200001 Thailand 2000 768196001 Togo 1960 768197001 Togo 1970 768201001 Togo 2010 780197001 Trinidad and Tobago 1970 780198001 Trinidad and Tobago 1980 780199001 Trinidad and Tobago 1990 780200001 Trinidad and Tobago 2000 780201101 Trinidad and Tobago 2011 792198501 Turkey 1985 792199001 Turkey 1990 792200001 Turkey 2000 800199101 Uganda 1991 800200201 Uganda 2002 800201401 Uganda 2014 804200101 Ukraine 2001 826185101 United Kingdom 1851 (England and Wales) 826185102 United Kingdom 1851 (Scotland) 826185103 United Kingdom 1851 (2% sample) 826186101 United Kingdom 1861 (England and Wales) 826186102 United Kingdom 1861 (Scotland) 826187101 United Kingdom 1871 (Scotland) 826188101 United Kingdom 1881 (England and Wales) 826188102 United Kingdom 1881 (Scotland) 826189101 United Kingdom 1891 (England and Wales) 826189102 United Kingdom 1891 (Scotland) 826190101 United Kingdom 1901 (England and Wales) 826190102 United Kingdom 1901 (Scotland) 826191101 United Kingdom 1911 (England and Wales) 826196101 United Kingdom 1961 826197101 United Kingdom 1971 826199101 United Kingdom 1991 826200101 United Kingdom 2001 840185001 United States 1850 (100%) 840185002 United States 1850 (1%) 840186001 United States 1860 (1%) 840187001 United States 1870 (1%) 840188001 United States 1880 (100%) 840188002 United States 1880 (10%) 840190001 United States 1900 (5%) 840191001 United States 1910 (1%) 840196001 United States 1960 840197001 United States 1970 840198001 United States 1980 840199001 United States 1990 840200001 United States 2000 840200501 United States 2005 840201001 United States 2010 840201501 United States 2015 840202001 United States 2020 858196301 Uruguay 1963 858196302 Uruguay 1963 (full count) 858197501 Uruguay 1975 858197502 Uruguay 1975 (full count) 858198501 Uruguay 1985 858198502 Uruguay 1985 (full count) 858199601 Uruguay 1996 858199602 Uruguay 1996 (full count) 858200621 Uruguay 2006 858201101 Uruguay 2011 858201102 Uruguay 2011 (full count) 862197101 Venezuela 1971 862198101 Venezuela 1981 862199001 Venezuela 1990 862200101 Venezuela 2001 704198901 Vietnam 1989 704199901 Vietnam 1999 704200901 Vietnam 2009 704201901 Vietnam 2019 894199001 Zambia 1990 894200001 Zambia 2000 894201001 Zambia 2010 716201201 Zimbabwe 2012 SAMPLE identifies the IPUMS sample from which the case is drawn. Each sample receives a unique 9-digit code. The code is structured as follows: The first 3 digits are the ISO/UN codes used in COUNTRY The next 4 digits are the year of the census/survey The final 2 digits identify the sample within the year. For the last two digits, censuses or large census-like surveys have a value "0" (e.g, 01) in the second-to-last digit, household surveys have a value of "2" (e.g., 21), and employment surveys have a value of "4" (e.g., 41). IPUMS Household serial number SERIAL is an identifying number unique to each household in a given sample. All person records are assigned the same serial number as the household record that they follow. (Person records also have their own unique identifiers -- see PERNUM.) The combination of SAMPLE and SERIAL provides a unique identifier for every household in the IPUMS-International database; SAMPLE, SERIAL and PERNUM uniquely identify every person in the database. SERIAL can be used to identify dwellings in some samples. In these samples, the first 7 digits of SERIAL provide the dwelling number common to all households that were sampled from the same structure. The last three digits give the sequence of the household within the dwelling. The following is a list of samples in which dwellings can be inferred: Chile 1970, 1992, 2002Colombia 1993, 2005Costa Rica 1984, 2000Cuba 2002Dominican Republic 1981, 2002, 2010Ecuador 1990, 2001Germany 1971Hungary 1980, 1990, 2001Jamaica 1982, 1991, 2001Malaysia 1970, 1991, 2000Mexico 1995, 1990, 2000, 2005Nigeria 2006Panama 2000Peru 1993, 2007Portugal 1981, 1991, 2001Spain 1991Uruguay 2011Venezuela 1990, 2001Vietnam 1989In all other samples, the last 3 digits are always zeroes. SERIAL was constructed for IPUMS-International, and has no relation to the serial number in the original datasets. The U.S. 1900 sample and 1880 10% sample have multi-household dwellings that can be identified using the last 3 digits of SERIAL. SERIAL is a 10-digit numeric variable. The last 3 digits of SERIAL indicate household number within dwelling for selected samples noted in the variable description. In all other samples, the last 3 digits are always zeroes. IPUMS Number of person records in the household PERSONS indicates how many person records are included in the household (i.e., the number of person records associated with the household record in the sample). These person records will all have the same serial number (SERIAL) as the household record. The information contained in the household record will normally apply to all of these persons. PERSONS is a 4-digit numeric variable. IPUMS Household weight HHWT indicates the number of households in the population represented by the household in the sample. For the samples that are truly weighted (see the comparability discussion), HHWT must be used to yield accurate household-level statistics. NOTE: HHWT has 2 implied decimal places. That is, the last two digits of the eight-digit variable are decimal digits, but there is no actual decimal in the data. HHWT is an 8-digit numeric variable with 2 implied decimal places. See the variable description. IPUMS Subsample number 00 1st 1% subsample 01 2nd 1% subsample 02 3rd 1% subsample 03 4th 1% subsample 04 5th 1% subsample 05 6th 1% subsample 06 7th 1% subsample 07 8th 1% subsample 08 9th 1% subsample 09 10th 1% subsample 10 11th 1% subsample 11 12th 1% subsample 12 13th 1% subsample 13 14th 1% subsample 14 15th 1% subsample 15 16th 1% subsample 16 17th 1% subsample 17 18th 1% subsample 18 19th 1% subsample 19 20th 1% subsample 20 21st 1% subsample 21 22nd 1% subsample 22 23rd 1% subsample 23 24th 1% subsample 24 25th 1% subsample 25 26th 1% subsample 26 27th 1% subsample 27 28th 1% subsample 28 29th 1% subsample 29 30th 1% subsample 30 31st 1% subsample 31 32nd 1% subsample 32 33rd 1% subsample 33 34th 1% subsample 34 35th 1% subsample 35 36th 1% subsample 36 37th 1% subsample 37 38th 1% subsample 38 39th 1% subsample 39 40th 1% subsample 40 41st 1% subsample 41 42nd 1% subsample 42 43rd 1% subsample 43 44th 1% subsample 44 45th 1% subsample 45 46th 1% subsample 46 47th 1% subsample 47 48th 1% subsample 48 49th 1% subsample 49 50th 1% subsample 50 51st 1% subsample 51 52nd 1% subsample 52 53rd 1% subsample 53 54th 1% subsample 54 55th 1% subsample 55 56th 1% subsample 56 57th 1% subsample 57 58th 1% subsample 58 59th 1% subsample 59 60th 1% subsample 60 61st 1% subsample 61 62nd 1% subsample 62 63rd 1% subsample 63 64th 1% subsample 64 65th 1% subsample 65 66th 1% subsample 66 67th 1% subsample 67 68th 1% subsample 68 69th 1% subsample 69 70th 1% subsample 70 71st 1% subsample 71 72nd 1% subsample 72 73rd 1% subsample 73 74th 1% subsample 74 75th 1% subsample 75 76th 1% subsample 76 77th 1% subsample 77 78th 1% subsample 78 79th 1% subsample 79 80th 1% subsample 80 81st 1% subsample 81 82nd 1% subsample 82 83rd 1% subsample 83 84th 1% subsample 84 85th 1% subsample 85 86th 1% subsample 86 87th 1% subsample 87 88th 1% subsample 88 89th 1% subsample 89 90th 1% subsample 90 91st 1% subsample 91 92nd 1% subsample 92 93rd 1% subsample 93 94th 1% subsample 94 95th 1% subsample 95 96th 1% subsample 96 97th 1% subsample 97 98th 1% subsample 98 99th 1% subsample 99 100th 1% subsample SUBSAMP allocates each case to one of 100 subsample replicates, randomly numbered from 0 to 99. Each subsample is nationally representative and preserves any stratification of the sample from which it is drawn. Users who need a representative subset of a sample can use SUBSAMP to select their cases. For example, to randomly extract 10% of the cases from a sample, select any 10 of the 100 subsamples. IPUMS Group quarters (collective dwelling) status 00 Vacant 10 Households 20 Group quarters (collective), n.s. 21 Institutions 22 Other group quarters 29 1-person unit created by splitting large household 99 Unknown/group quarters not identified GQ identifies households as vacant dwellings, group quarters, or private households. Group quarters -- collective dwellings -- are generally institutions and other group living arrangements such as rooming houses and boarding schools. Institutions often retain persons under formal supervision or custody, such as correctional institutions, military barracks, asylums, or nursing homes. Educational and religious group dwellings (e.g., boarding schools, convents, monasteries, etc.) are also included in the institutional classification. Group quarter designations are often useful for understanding the universe of households that answered questions about household characteristics. Censuses will often exclude group quarters from such questions. IPUMS Group quarters type 100 Institutional 110 Prisons, reformatories, or correctional institutions 120 Hospital, nursing home, hospice, or instutions for persons with disabilities 121 Institutions for persons with disabilities 122 Sanatorium or mental institutions 130 Homes for the elderly or orphanage 131 Retirement home 132 Orphanage, children's home 140 Shelter for homeless, youth, or others 150 Military or police institution 160 Boarding school or student housing 170 Religious institution, monastery, seminary, or convent 199 Other institutional n.e.c. 200 Non-institutional 210 Camps (refugees, workers, or others) 220 Hotel, pension, lodging, or boarding house 230 Floating population 299 Other non-institutional n.e.c. 300 Other group quarters 399 1-person unit created by splitting large household 998 Unknown 999 NIU (not in universe) GQTYPE identifies the type of group quarters -- collective dwellings -- which are broadly classified into institutional and non-institutional types. Institutions are a place of residence where people are subject to a common authority or bound by a common objective or personal interest. The definition encompasses correctional facilities, health institutions, retirement homes, orphanages, shelters (social welfare institutions), military or police establishments, boarding schools, and religious group dwellings. Non-institutional group quarters comprise refugee and workers' camps (temporary accommodation), hotels, pensions, and all types of boarding or lodging houses. The "floating population" is included as a category within the non-institutional group quarters, when identified by the corresponding sample. This group refers to outdoor sleepers, homeless persons, travelers, and persons in ships, boats, or other mobile dwellings. A more general classification of households between private and group quarters is available in GQ. IPUMS Number of unrelated persons 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 7 7 8 8 9 9+ UNREL indicates the number of persons in the household who are unrelated to the head as defined in the variable RELATE. IPUMS Continent and region of country 11 Eastern Africa 12 Middle Africa 13 Northern Africa 14 Southern Africa 15 Western Africa 21 Caribbean 22 Central America 23 North America 24 South America 31 Central Asia 32 Eastern Asia 33 Southern Asia 34 South-Eastern Asia 35 Western Asia 41 Eastern Europe 42 Northern Europe 43 Southern Europe 44 Western Europe 51 Australia and New Zealand 52 Melanesia 53 Micronesia 54 Polynesia REGIONW identifies the continent and region of each country. IPUMS Puerto Rico, PUMAs 1980 - 2010 [Level 1; consistent boundaries, GIS] 630101 G7201001 630104 G7201002, G7201003, G7201004 630110 G7201100 630180 G7201800 630200 G7200100, G7200200, G7200300, G7200400, G7200500, G72000700, G7201200, G7201300, G7201400, G7201500, G7201600, G7201700, G7201900, G7202000, G7202100, G7202200, G7202300, G7202400, G7202600, G7200600, G7200801, G7200802, G7200900 630250 G7202500 GEO1ALT_PR identifies the most detailed areas that can be consistently delineated from the geographic codes available in United States and Puerto Rico PUMS (Public Use Microdata Series) files from 1980 to 2010. In 1980 PUMS files, the smallest identified units are “county groups,” and in later PUMS files, the smallest identified units are Public Use Microdata Areas (PUMAs). The definitions of PUMAs differ from county groups, and the 1990 PUMAs differ from the 2000 PUMAs (which are used for 2000, 2005 and 2010 samples). GEO1ALT_PR is spatially harmonized to account for these boundary changes. Each GEO1ALT_PR code corresponds to a distinct set of 1980 county groups and 1990 and 2000 PUMAs that collectively cover a consistent geographic area across time. More details on construction of PUMAs can be found in IPUMS USA website. A separate variable, GEO1_PR, identifies sets of 2000 and 2010 PUMAs that comprise comparable populations for samples from 2000 forward. GEO1_PR corresponds with CPUMA0010 variable in IPUMS USA . Some detail is lost in harmonization; see the comparability discussion. A GIS map (in shapefile format), corresponding to GEO1ALT_PR can be downloaded from the GIS Boundary files page in the IPUMS International web site. The GIS boundary files for GEO1ALT_PR are based on the U.S. Census Bureau’s 2000 TIGER/Line files. The full set of geography variables for Puerto Rico can be found in the IPUMS International Geography variables list. For cross-national geographic analysis on the first and second major administrative level of any country refer to GEOLEV1, and GEOLEV2. More information on IPUMS-International geography can be found here. IPUMS Puerto Rico, PUMAs 1990 [Level 1, GIS] 0101 101 0102 102 0103 103 0104 104 0201 201 0202 202 0300 300 0400 400 0500 500 0600 600 0700 700 0800 800 0900 900 1000 1000 1100 1100 1200 1200 1300 1300 1400 1400 1500 1500 1600 1600 1700 1700 1800 1800 1900 1900 2000 2000 2100 2100 2200 2200 2300 2300 2400 2400 2500 2500 GEO1_PR1990 identifies the household's Public Use Microdata Area (PUMA) in Puerto Rico in 1990. PUMAs are the first level administrative units of the country. A GIS map (in shapefile format), corresponding to GEO1_PR1990 can be downloaded from the GIS Boundary files page in the IPUMS International web site. The full set of geography variables for Puerto Rico can be found in the IPUMS International Geography variables list. For cross-national geographic analysis on the first and second major administrative level of any country refer to GEOLEV1, and GEOLEV2. More information on IPUMS-International geography can be found here. IPUMS Puerto Rico, Metropolitan Area Not identifiable or not in a metro area 1 Aguadilla 2 Arecibo 3 Caguas 4 Mayagüez 5 Ponce 6 San Juan-Bayamon METROPR indicates the metropolitan area in Puerto Rico in all sample years. METROPR is harmonized by name and does not account for boundary changes over time. The full set of geography variables for Puerto Rico can be found in the IPUMS International Geography variables list. For cross-national geographic analysis on the first and second major administrative level of any country refer to GEOLEV1, and GEOLEV2. More information on IPUMS-International geography can be found here. IPUMS Ownership of dwelling [general version] NIU (not in universe) 1 Owned 2 Not owned 9 Unknown OWNERSHIP indicates whether a member of the household owned the housing unit. Households that acquired their unit with a mortgage or other lending arrangement were understood to "own" their unit even if they had not yet completed repayment. For those that did not own their housing unit, several options were possible: renting (from various types of owners), subletting, usufruct, and de facto occupation. IPUMS Ownership of dwelling [detailed version] 000 NIU (not in universe) 100 Owned 110 Owned, already paid 120 Owned, still paying 130 Owned, constructed 140 Owned, inherited 190 Owned, other 191 Owned, house 192 Owned, condominium 193 Apartment proprietor 194 Shared ownership 200 Not owned 210 Renting, not specified 211 Renting, government 212 Renting, local authority 213 Renting, parastatal 214 Renting, private 215 Renting, private company 216 Renting, individual 217 Renting, collective 218 Renting, joint state and individual 219 Renting, public subsidized 220 Renting, private subsidized 221 Renting, co-tenant 222 Renting, relative of tenant 223 Renting, cooperative 224 Renting, with a job or business 225 Renting, loan-backed habitation 226 Renting, mixed contract 227 Furnished dwelling 228 Sharecropping 230 Subletting 231 Rent to own 239 Renting, other 240 Occupied de facto/squatting 250 Free/usufruct (no cash rent) 251 Free, provided by employer 252 Free, without work or services 253 Free, provided by family or friend 254 Free, private 255 Free, public 256 Free, condemned 257 Free, other 260 Endowment, Waqf (Egypt historical) 290 Not owned, other 999 Unknown OWNERSHIP indicates whether a member of the household owned the housing unit. Households that acquired their unit with a mortgage or other lending arrangement were understood to "own" their unit even if they had not yet completed repayment. For those that did not own their housing unit, several options were possible: renting (from various types of owners), subletting, usufruct, and de facto occupation. IPUMS Water supply 00 NIU (not in universe) 10 Yes, piped water 11 Piped inside dwelling 12 Piped, exclusively to this household 13 Piped, shared with other households 14 Piped outside the dwelling 15 Piped outside dwelling, in building 16 Piped within the building or plot of land 17 Piped outside the building or lot 18 Have access to public piped water 20 No piped water 99 Unknown WATSUP describes the physical means by which the housing unit receives its water. The primary distinction is whether or not the household had piped (running) water. IPUMS Sewage 00 NIU (not in universe) 10 Connected to sewage system or septic tank 11 Sewage system (public sewage disposal) 12 Septic tank (private sewage disposal) 20 Not connected to sewage disposal system 99 Unknown SEWAGE indicates whether the household has access to a sewage system or septic tank. IPUMS Cooking fuel 00 NIU (not in universe) 10 None 20 Electricity 30 Petroleum gas, unspecified 31 Gas -- piped/utility 32 Gas -- tanked or bottled 33 Propane 34 Liquefied petroleum gas 35 Gas -- piped and bottled 40 Petroleum liquid 41 Oil, kerosene, and other liquid fuels 42 Kerosene/paraffin 43 Kerosene or oil 44 Kerosene or gasoline 45 Gasoline 46 Cocinol 47 Diesel 50 Wood, coal, and other solid fuels 51 Wood and other plant fuels 52 Non-wood plant materials 53 Coal or charcoal 54 Charcoal 55 Coal 56 Wood or charcoal 60 Multiple fuels 61 Bottled gas and wood 62 Propane and electricity 63 Propane, kerosene, and electricity 64 Propane and kerosene 65 Kerosene and electrictiy 66 Other combinations 70 Other 71 Alcohol 72 Biogas 73 Discarded or waste material 74 Dung/manure 75 Other combined organic waste materials 76 Solar energy 77 Candle 99 Unknown/missing FUELCOOK indicates the predominant type of fuel or energy used for cooking. IPUMS Telephone availability NIU (not in universe) 1 No 2 Yes 9 Unknown/missing PHONE indicates the availability of a telephone in the dwelling. IPUMS Automobiles available No autos 1 1 auto 2 2 autos 3 3 autos 4 4 autos 5 5 autos 6 6+ autos 7 Have auto, number unspecified 8 Unknown 9 NIU (not in universe) AUTOS records whether a member of the household owned or had use of a vehicle and, in many samples, the number of such vehicles. IPUMS Hot water heater NIU (not in universe) 1 No 2 Yes 9 Unknown/missing HOTWATER indicates whether the housing unit had a water heater. IPUMS Number of rooms 00 Part of a room; no rooms 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30+ 98 Unknown 99 NIU (not in universe) ROOMS indicates the number of rooms occupied by the housing unit. IPUMS Number of bedrooms 00 No bedrooms 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20+ 98 Unknown 99 NIU (not in universe) BEDROOMS indicates the number of rooms available to members of the household for sleeping. IPUMS Kitchen or cooking facilities 00 NIU (not in universe) 10 No kitchen 11 Food is prepared in a non-kitchen room 13 Does not prepare food in the dwelling 20 Yes, have a kitchen 21 Kitchen located inside the dwelling 22 Indoor kitchen, exclusive use 23 Indoor kitchen, shared use 24 Exclusive use of kitchen (indoor/outdoor status not specified) 25 Shared use of kitchen with another household (indoor/outdoor status not specified) 26 Kitchen located outside the dwelling 27 Outdoor kitchen, exclusive use 28 Outdoor kitchen, shared use 99 Unknown/missing KITCHEN indicates whether the household had a kitchen, cooking facilities, or room dedicated to food preparation. IPUMS Toilet 00 NIU (not in universe) 10 No toilet 11 No flush toilet 20 Have toilet, type not specified 21 Flush toilet 22 Non-flush, latrine 23 Non-flush, other and unspecified 99 Unknown TOILET indicates whether the household had access to a toilet and, in most cases, whether it was a flush toilet or other type of installation. IPUMS Number of bathrooms 00 No bathrooms (or half bathroom) 01 1 bathroom 02 2 bathrooms 03 3 bathrooms 04 4 bathrooms 05 5 bathrooms 06 6 bathrooms 07 7 bathrooms 08 8 bathrooms 09 9 bathrooms 10 10 bathrooms 98 Unknown 99 NIU (not in universe) BATHROOMS indicates the number of bathrooms in the dwelling available for use by the household. IPUMS Bathing facilities NIU (not in universe) 1 No bathing facility 2 Have bathing facility, exclusivity not specified 3 Have bathing facility, exclusive use 4 Have bathing facility, shared use 9 Unknown BATH indicates whether the household had access to bathing facilities and, in most cases, whether it had exclusive access. IPUMS Wall or building material 000 NIU (not in universe) 100 No walls 200 Cardboard, scrap, and miscellaneous materials 201 Waste, scrap, or discarded material 202 Fabric or discarded material 203 Zinc, fabric, cardboard, tins, and waste material 204 Cardboard sheet 205 Plastic sheeting, cardboard 206 Makeshift, salvaged, or improvised materials 207 Reused materials 300 Wood 310 Rough wood 320 Wood, fibercement or plywood 330 Wood, formica, and other 340 Wood or bamboo 350 Wood or straw 400 Other plant-based materials 401 Plantain leaves and similar material 402 Bamboo or cane 403 Bamboo, sawali, cogon, nipa 404 Straw or bamboo 405 Grass, straw or reed 406 Reed, bamboo, or palm 407 Cane, palm leaves, logs 408 Palm leaves or palm planks 409 Bark, sticks, or cane 500 Masonry, stone, cement, adobe, metal, glass, and other fabricated materials (sometimes mixed with wood) 501 Brick, block, stone, or cement 502 Brick, stone, concrete 503 Brick, stone, or substitutes (dividing panels made of reinforced concrete) 504 Brick, stone, or substitutes (dividing panels made of wood) 505 Brick or tile 506 Brick or stone 507 Brick or cement block 508 Brick with plaster exterior 509 Brick without plaster exterior 510 Burnt or stabilized brick 511 Covered brick 512 Brick 513 Unburnt brick 514 Unburnt brick with cement 515 Unburnt brick with mud 516 Concrete 517 Landcrete, sandcrete 518 Cement blocks 519 Cement blocks or brick 520 Cement blocks or brick, unfinished 521 Cement and adobe bricks 522 Cement and stone block 523 Cement and tiles 524 Reinforced concrete, pre-cast concrete panels, or steel skeleton framed concrete 525 Concrete, reinforced concrete, blocks, panels 526 Fibercement 527 Adobe 528 Adobe walls with plaster exterior 529 Adobe walls without plaster exterior 530 Adobe with cement exterior 531 Wood and earth adobe 532 Wood and cement adobe 533 Mud or adobe 534 Pressed dirt 535 Clay 536 Coated clay/mud with sticks/cane 537 Clay or clay-covered sticks 538 Netted bamboo or cane with mud 539 Bundle of mud, straw, other materials 540 Mud with wood/wattle 541 Pole and mud 542 Mud with cement 543 Unfinished lathe and plaster, stucco, etc. 544 Stone 545 Hand-laid stone 546 Quarried stone 547 Cut stone and concrete 548 Cemented stone 549 Stone with clay 550 Blocks of light material 551 Prefabricated material 552 Asbestos 553 Metal or asbestos sheet 554 Metal or iron sheet 555 Metal or fibercement sheeting 556 Galvanized iron or aluminum 557 Tin 558 Glass 559 Cloth 560 Covintec panels 561 Mixed material 562 Mixed material: part wood; part concrete, brick, or stone 563 Wood plastered with clay, adobe, other materials; wood pressed panels; rolled mud bricks; etc. 564 Mixed material: wood or galvanized metal 570 Mainly permanent materials 600 Other material 601 Partition wall, lined with wood or steel 602 Partition wall, unlined 999 Unknown/missing This variable indicates the primary material used in the construction of the dwelling, particularly the dwelling's exterior walls. IPUMS Age of structure, coded from intervals 000 Less than 1 year old 001 1 year 002 2 years 003 3 004 4 005 5 006 6 007 7 008 8 009 9 010 10 011 11 012 12 013 13 014 14 015 15 016 16 017 17 018 18 019 19 020 20 021 21 022 22 023 23 024 24 025 25 026 26 027 27 028 28 029 29 030 30 031 31 032 32 033 33 034 34 035 35 036 36 037 37 038 38 039 39 040 40 041 41 042 42 043 43 044 44 045 45 046 46 047 47 048 48 049 49 050 50 051 51 052 52 053 53 054 54 055 55 056 56 057 57 058 58 059 59 060 60 061 61 062 62 063 63 064 64 065 65 066 66 067 67 068 68 069 69 070 70 071 71 072 72 073 73 074 74 075 75 076 76 077 77 078 78 079 79 080 80 081 81 082 82 083 83 084 84 085 85 086 86 087 87 088 88 089 89 090 90 091 91 092 92 093 93 094 94 095 95 096 96 097 97 098 98 099 99 100 100 101 101 102 102 103 103 104 104 105 105 106 106 107 107 108 108 109 109 110 110 111 111 112 112 113 113 114 114 115 115 116 116 117 117 118 118 119 119 120 120 121 121 122 122 123 123 124 124 125 125 126 126 127 127 128 128 129 129 130 130 131 131 132 132 133 133 134 134 135 135 136 136 137 137 138 138 139 139 140 140 141 141 142 142 143 143 144 144 145 145 146 146 147 147 148 148 149 149 150 150 151 151 152 152 153 153 154 154 155 155 156 156 157 157 158 158 159 159 160 160 161 161 162 162 163 163 164 164 165 165 166 166 167 167 168 168 169 169 170 170 171 171 172 172 173 173 174 174 175 175 176 176 177 177 178 178 179 179 180 180 181 181 182 182 183 183 184 184 185 185 186 186 187 187 188 188 189 189 190 190 191 191 192 192 193 193 194 194 195 195 196 196 197 197 198 198 199 199 200 200+ 997 Under construction 998 Unknown 999 NIU (not in universe) AGESTRUCT2 gives the estimated age of the structure. IPUMS Household classification 00 Vacant household 01 One-person household 02 Married/cohab couple, no children 03 Married/cohab couple with children 04 Single-parent family 05 Polygamous family 06 Extended family, relatives only 07 Composite household, family and non-relatives 08 Non-family household 09 Unclassified subfamily 10 Other relative or non-relative household 11 Group quarters 99 Unclassifiable HHTYPE is a constructed variable that describes the composition of households. HHTYPE is constructed from information in RELATE (relationship to head), from the constructed pointer variables SPLOC, MOMLOC, and POPLOC (location of spouse, mother, and father), and from information on group quarters status, GQ. IPUMS Number of families in household Vacant household 1 1 family 2 2 families 3 3 families 4 4 families 5 5 families 6 6 families 7 7 families 8 8 families 9 9 or more families NFAMS is a constructed variable that indicates the number of families within each household. Family membership is defined by FAMUNIT. A "family" is any group of persons related by blood, adoption, or marriage. An unrelated individual within the household is considered a separate family. Thus, a household consisting of a widow and a domestic employee contains two families; a household consisting of a large, multi-generation extended family with no persons unrelated to the head counts as a single family. NFAMS is constructed from information in RELATE (relationship to head) and from the constructed pointer variables SPLOC, MOMLOC, and POPLOC (location of spouse, mother, and father). See those variable descriptions for more detail. IPUMS Number of married couples in household No married couples in household 1 1 couple 2 2 couples 3 3 couples 4 4 couples 5 5 couples 6 6 couples 7 7 couples 8 8 couples 9 9 or more couples NCOUPLES is a constructed variable indicating the number of married/in-union couples within a household. NCOUPLES is constructed using the IPUMS-International pointer variable SPLOC (spouse's location in the household). IPUMS Number of mothers in household No mothers in household 1 1 mother 2 2 mothers 3 3 mothers 4 4 mothers 5 5 mothers 6 6 mothers 7 7 mothers 8 8 mothers 9 9 or more mothers in household NMOTHERS is a constructed variable indicating the number of mothers -- of persons of any age -- within a household. NMOTHERS is constructed using the IPUMS-International pointer variable MOMLOC (mother's location in the household). IPUMS Number of fathers in household No fathers in household 1 1 father 2 2 fathers 3 3 fathers 4 4 fathers 5 5 fathers 6 6 fathers 7 7 fathers 8 8 fathers 9 9 or more fathers in household NFATHERS is a constructed variable indicating the number of fathers -- of persons of any age -- within a household. NFATHERS is constructed using the IPUMS-International pointer variable POPLOC (father's location in the household). IPUMS Head's location in household HEADLOC gives the person number (PERNUM) of the head of household in samples in which persons are organized into households. HEADLOC is a 3-digit numeric variable. IPUMS Dwelling number Puerto Rico 1990: All households This variable indicates the dwelling number. This is a 5-digit numeric variable with 0 implied decimal places IPUMS Number of persons in household Puerto Rico 1990: All households 00 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 This variable indicates the number of persons in the household. IPUMS Subsample number Puerto Rico 1990: All households 00 First 1% subsample 01 2nd 1% subsample 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 64 64 65 65 66 66 67 67 68 68 69 69 70 70 71 71 72 72 73 73 74 74 75 75 76 76 77 77 78 78 79 79 80 80 81 81 82 82 83 83 84 84 85 85 86 86 87 87 88 88 89 89 90 90 91 91 92 92 93 93 94 94 95 95 96 96 97 97 98 98 99 99 This variable allocates each household to one of 100 subsample replicates, randomly numbered from 0 to 99. IPUMS Household weight Puerto Rico 1990: All households This variable indicates how many households in the U.S. population are represented by a given household in the IPUMS. This is a 3-digit numeric variable with 0 implied decimal places IPUMS Metropolitan area Puerto Rico 1990: All households 0000 Not identifiable or not in an MSA 0060 Aguadilla 0470 Arecibo 1330 Caguas 4840 Mayaguez 6360 Ponce 7440 San Juan-Bayamon This variable indicates the metropolitan area where the household was enumerated, if that metropolitan area was large enough to meet confidentiality requirements. IPUMS Group quarters status Puerto Rico 1990: All households Vacant unit 1 Households 2 Additional households 3 Institutions 4 Other group quarters This variable indicates group quarters status, whether it is a household or group quarters. IPUMS Group quarters type Puerto Rico 1990: Occupied, collective dwellings [discrepancies: none] 000 NIU (not in universe) 100 Institution 500 Non-institutional group quarters This variable indicates the type of group quarters, whether it is institutional or non-institutional. IPUMS Farm status Puerto Rico 1990: All households 1 Non-farm 2 Farm This variable indicates farm status of the household. IPUMS Sales of farm products <svar a="all" v="PR90A029"><span class="em">H10b. In 1989, what were the actual sales of all agricultural products from this property?</span><br /><div class="i1">[ ] 1 None<br />[ ] 2 $1 to $99<br />[ ] 3 $100 to $499<br />[ ] 4 $500 to $999<br />[ ] 5 $1,000 to $2,499<br />[ ] 6 $2,500 or more</div><br /></svar> Puerto Rico 1990: Private, occupied, single unit dwellings, with lots 3 cuerdas or more [discrepancies: none] NIU (not in universe) 1 None 2 $1 - $99 3 $100 - $499 4 $500 - $999 5 $1,000 - $2,499 6 $2,500 or more This variable indicates the previous year's gross sales of farm produce in contemporary dollars. IPUMS Ownership of dwelling <svar a="all" v="PR90A030"><span class="em">H6. Is this (house or apartment) </span>--<br /><div class="i1">[] 1 Owned by you or someone in this household with a mortgage or loan?<br />[] 2 Owned by you or someone in this household free and clear (without a mortgage)?<br />[] 3 Rented for cash rent?<br />[] 4 Occupied without payment of cash rent?</div><br /></svar> Puerto Rico 1990: Occupied private dwellings [discrepancies: none] 00 NIU (not in universe) 12 Owned free and clear 13 Owned with mortgage or loan 21 No cash rent 22 With cash rent This variable indicates whether the dwelling was owned or rented by its inhabitants. IPUMS Mortgage status <svar v="PR90A041 PR90A040 PR90A031 PR90A033 PR90A038 PR90A039 PR90A032 PR90A068 PR90A043"><span class="em">Interviewer Instruction</span>: Ask questions H25 through H29, if this is a one-family house, a condominium, or a mobile home that someone in this household owns or is buying; otherwise, go to H30.<br /></svar></p> <p><svar a="all" v="PR90A031"><span class="em">H27a. Is there a mortgage, deed of trust, contract to purchase, or similar debt on this property? </span><br /><div class="i1">[] 1 Yes, mortgage, deed of trust, or similar debt -- Go to H27b<br />[] 2 Yes, contract to purchase -- Go on to question H27b<br />[] 3 No -- Skip to H28a</div><br /></svar> Puerto Rico 1990: Owner-occupied single-unit houses, mobile homes, and condominiums [discrepancies: none] NIU (not in universe) 1 No, owned free and clear 3 Yes, mortgaged/ deed of trust or similar debt 4 Yes, contract to purchase This variable indicates whether an owner-occupied dwelling was owned free and clear or was encumbered by a mortgage, loan, or other type of debt. IPUMS Second mortgage status <svar v="PR90A041 PR90A040 PR90A031 PR90A033 PR90A038 PR90A039 PR90A032 PR90A068 PR90A043"><span class="em">Interviewer Instruction</span>: Ask questions H25 through H29, if this is a one-family house, a condominium, or a mobile home that someone in this household owns or is buying; otherwise, go to H30.<br /></svar></p> <p><svar a="all" v="PR90A032"><span class="em">H28a. Is there a second or junior mortgage or a home equity loan on this property? </span><br /><br /><div class="i1">[] 1 Yes<br />[] 2 No -- Skip to H29</div><br /></svar> Puerto Rico 1990: Owner-occupied single-unit houses, mobile homes, and condominiums [discrepancies: none] NIU (not in universe) 1 No 2 Yes This variable indicates whether owner-occupied housing units with a first mortgage were encumbered by a second mortgage or home equity loan. IPUMS First mortgage monthly payment <svar v="PR90A041 PR90A040 PR90A031 PR90A033 PR90A038 PR90A039 PR90A032 PR90A068 PR90A043"><span class="em">Interviewer Instruction</span>: Ask questions H25 through H29, if this is a one-family house, a condominium, or a mobile home that someone in this household owns or is buying; otherwise, go to H30.<br /></svar></p> <p><svar a="all" v="PR90A033"><span class="em">H27b. How much is your regular monthly mortgage payment on this property? </span> Include payment only on first mortgage or contract to purchase.<br /><div class="i1">$_______________ .00 Monthly amount -- Dollars</div><br />or<br /><div class="i1">[] 0 No regular payment required -- [Go on to question H24a]</div><br /></svar> Puerto Rico 1990: Households with mortgage [discrepancies: none] This variable indicates the household's first mortgage monthly payment obligations, if any. This is a 5-digit numeric variable with 0 implied decimal places IPUMS House value <svar a="all" v="PR90A034"><span class="em">H8. </span>Ask only if someone in this household owns or is buying this house or apartment --<br /><br /><span class="em">What is the value of this property; that is, how much do you think this house and lot or condominium unit would sell for if it were for sale? </span><br /><div class="i1">[] 1 Less than $10,000<br />[] 2 $10,000 to $14,999<br />[] 3 $15,000 to $19,999<br />[] 4 $20,000 to $24,999<br />[] 5 $25,000 to $29,999<br />[] 6 $30,000 to $34,999<br />[] 7 $35,000 to $39,999<br />[] 8 $40,000 to $44,999<br />[] 9 $45,000 to $49,999<br />[] 10 $50,000 to $54,999<br />[] 11 $55,000 to $59,999<br />[] 12 $60,000 to $64,999<br />[] 13 $65,000 to $69,999<br />[] 14 $70,000 to $74,999<br />[] 15 $75,000 to $79,999<br />[] 16 $80,000 to $89,999<br />[] 17 $90,000 to $99,999<br />[] 18 $100,000 to $124,999<br />[] 19 $125,000 to $149,999<br />[] 20 $150,000 to $174,999<br />[] 21 $175,000 to $199,999<br />[] 22 $200,000 to $249,999<br />[] 23 $250,000 to $299,999<br />[] 24 $300,000 to $399,999<br />[] 25 $400,000 to $499,999<br />[] 26 $500,000 or more</div><br /></svar> Puerto Rico 1990: Owner-occupied or vacant-for-sale housing units; not group quarters [discrepancies: none] 005000 Less than $10,000 012500 $10,000-14,999 017500 $15,000-19,999 022500 $20,000-24,999 027500 $25,000-29,999 032500 $30,000-34,999 037500 $35,000-39,999 042499 $40,000-44,999 047500 $45,000-49,999 052500 $50,000-54,999 057500 $55,000-59,999 062500 $60,000-64,999 067500 $65,000-69,999 072500 $70,000-74,999 077500 $75,000-79,999 085000 $80,000-89,999 095000 $90,000-99,999 112500 $100,000-124,999 137500 $125,000-149,999 162500 $150,000-174,999 187500 $175,000-199,999 225000 $200,000-249,999 275000 $250,000-299,999 350000 $300,000-399,999 400000 $400,000+ 999999 NIU (not in universe) This variable indicates the value of owner-occupied or vacant-for-sale housing units in contemporary dollars. IPUMS Commercial use <svar v="PR90A035 PR90A037"><span class="em">[Ask question 7 if this is a one-family house]</span><br /></svar></p> <p><svar a="all" v="PR90A035"><span class="em">H7b. Is any part of the property used as:</span><br /><br />1. A commercial establishment?<br /><div class="i1">[] 1 Yes<br />[] 2 No</div><br /></svar> Puerto Rico 1990: Private, occupied or vacant, single-family houses or mobile homes [discrepancies: none] NIU (not in universe) 1 No commerical use 2 Yes, used commercially This variable indicates whether a dwelling has a business (such as a store/barber shop) or medical/dental office on the property. IPUMS Acreage of property <svar a="all" v="PR90A036"><span class="em">H10a. Is this house on --</span><br /><div class="i1">[ ] 1 Less than 3 <span class="lang">cuerdas</span><br />[ ] 2 3 to 9 <span class="lang">cuerdas</span><br />[ ] 3 10 or more <span class="lang">cuerdas</span></div><br /></svar> Puerto Rico 1990: Private, occupied or vacant, single-family houses or mobile homes [discrepancies: none] NIU (not in universe) 4 Less than 3 cuerdas 6 3 to 10 cuerdas 8 10+ cuerdas This variable indicates the number of acres in which the housing unit was located. IPUMS House acreage <svar v="PR90A035 PR90A037"><span class="em">[Ask question 7 if this is a one-family house]</span><br /></svar></p> <p><svar a="all" v="PR90A037"><span class="em">H7a. Is this house on a 3 or more <span class="lang">cuerdas</span>? </span><br /><div class="i1">[] 1 Yes<br />[] 2 No</div><br /></svar> Puerto Rico 1990: Private, occupied or vacant, single-family houses or mobile homes [discrepancies: none] NIU (not in universe) 3 House on less than 3 cuerdas 4 House on 3+ cuerdas This variable indicates whether the acreage on which the housing unit was located is three or more cuerdas or less than three cuerdas. IPUMS Mortgage payment includes property taxes [not verifiable] <svar v="PR90A041 PR90A040 PR90A031 PR90A033 PR90A038 PR90A039 PR90A032 PR90A068 PR90A043"><span class="em">Interviewer Instruction</span>: Ask questions H25 through H29, if this is a one-family house, a condominium, or a mobile home that someone in this household owns or is buying; otherwise, go to H30.<br /></svar></p> <p><svar a="all" v="PR90A038"><span class="em">H27c. Does your regular monthly mortgage payment include payments for real estate taxes on this property? </span><br /><div class="i1">[] 1 Yes, taxes included in payment<br />[] 2 No, taxes paid separately or taxes not required</div><br /></svar> Puerto Rico 1990: Households with a regular mortgage payment [discrepancies: type I none; type II 0.3%] NIU (not in universe) 1 No 2 Yes 9 Unknown This variable indicates whether or not the household's monthly mortgage payment includes property taxes. IPUMS Mortgage payment includes property insurance <svar v="PR90A041 PR90A040 PR90A031 PR90A033 PR90A038 PR90A039 PR90A032 PR90A068 PR90A043"><span class="em">Interviewer Instruction</span>: Ask questions H25 through H29, if this is a one-family house, a condominium, or a mobile home that someone in this household owns or is buying; otherwise, go to H30.<br /></svar></p> <p><svar a="all" v="PR90A039"><span class="em">H27d. Does your regular monthly mortgage payment include payments for fire, hazard, or flood insurance on this property? </span><br /><div class="i1">[] 1 Yes, insurance included in payment<br />[] 2 No, insurance paid separately or no insurance</div><br /></svar> Puerto Rico 1990: Households with a regular mortgage payment [discrepancies: type I none; type II 0.3%] NIU (not in universe) 1 No 2 Yes, payment includes insurance premiums 9 Unknown This variable indicates whether or not the household's monthly mortgage payment includes property insurance. IPUMS Annual property insurance cost <svar v="PR90A041 PR90A040 PR90A031 PR90A033 PR90A038 PR90A039 PR90A032 PR90A068 PR90A043"><span class="em">Interviewer Instruction</span>: Ask questions H25 through H29, if this is a one-family house, a condominium, or a mobile home that someone in this household owns or is buying; otherwise, go to H30.<br /></svar></p> <p><svar a="all" v="PR90A040"><span class="em">H26. What was the annual payment for fire, hazard, and flood insurance on this property? </span><br /><div class="i1">$_____________ .00 Yearly amount -- Dollars</div><br />or<br /><div class="i1">[] 0 None</div><br /></svar> Puerto Rico 1990: Single-unit, owner-occupied houses, condominiums, and mobile homes [discrepancies: none] This variable indicates the household's annual property (fire, hazard, flood) insurance cost. This is a 4-digit numeric variable. Codes0 = NIU (not in universe). 1461 = Top code: 99.5th percentile within the country (Higher values are the state means of all cases above these cutoffs.) IPUMS Annual property taxes <svar v="PR90A041 PR90A040 PR90A031 PR90A033 PR90A038 PR90A039 PR90A032 PR90A068 PR90A043"><span class="em">Interviewer Instruction</span>: Ask questions H25 through H29, if this is a one-family house, a condominium, or a mobile home that someone in this household owns or is buying; otherwise, go to H30.<br /></svar></p> <p><svar a="all" v="PR90A041"><span class="em">H25. What were the real estate taxes on this property last year? </span><br /><div class="i1">$_____________ .00 Yearly amount -- Dollars</div><br />or<br /><div class="i1">[] 0 None</div><br /></svar> Puerto Rico 1990: Single-unit, owner-occupied houses, condominiums, and mobile homes [discrepancies: none] 00 NIU (not in universe) 01 None 02 $1-49 03 $50-99 04 $100-149 05 $150-199 06 $200-249 07 $250-299 08 $300-349 09 $350-399 10 $400-449 11 $450-499 12 $500-549 13 $550-599 14 $600-649 15 $650-699 16 $700-749 17 $750-799 18 $800-849 19 $850-899 20 $900-949 21 $950-999 22 $1000-1099 23 $1100-1199 24 $1200-1299 25 $1300-1399 26 $1400-1499 27 $1500-1599 28 $1600-1699 29 $1700-1799 30 $1800-1899 31 $1900-1999 33 $2199+ This variable indicates the total annual real estate tax costs (state, local and other) for the previous year. IPUMS Monthly contract rent <svar a="all" v="PR90A042">Ask only if rent is paid for this house or apartment.<br /><br /><span class="em">H9. What is the monthly rent? </span><br />If rent is not paid by the month, see your job instructions on how to figure out a monthly rent.<br /><div class="i1">[] 1 Less than $60<br />[] 2 $60 to $79<br />[] 3 $80 to $99<br />[] 4 $100 to $124<br />[] 5 $125 to $149<br />[] 6 $150 to $174<br />[] 7 $175 to $199<br />[] 8 $200 to $224<br />[] 9 $225 to $249<br />[] 10 $250 to $274<br />[] 11 $275 to $299<br />[] 12 $300 to $324<br />[] 13 $325 to $349<br />[] 14 $350 to $374<br />[] 15 $375 to $399<br />[] 16 $400 to $424<br />[] 17 $425 to $449<br />[] 18 $450 to $474<br />[] 19 $475 to $499<br />[] 20 $500 to $549<br />[] 21 $550 to $599<br />[] 22 $600 to $649<br />[] 23 $650 to $699<br />[] 24 $700 to $749<br />[] 25 $750 to $999<br />[] 26 $1,000 or more</div><br /></svar> Puerto Rico 1990: Renter-occupied or vacant-to-rent units [discrepancies: none] This variable indicates the amount of the household's monthly contract rent payment. This is a 4-digit numeric variable. Codes0 = NIU (not in universe). 1000 = Top code: 99.5th percentile within the country (Higher values are the state means of all cases above these cutoffs.) IPUMS Monthly condominium fee <svar v="PR90A041 PR90A040 PR90A031 PR90A033 PR90A038 PR90A039 PR90A032 PR90A068 PR90A043"><span class="em">Interviewer Instruction</span>: Ask questions H25 through H29, if this is a one-family house, a condominium, or a mobile home that someone in this household owns or is buying; otherwise, go to H30.<br /></svar></p> <p><svar a="all" v="PR90A043"><span class="em">H29. Answer only if this is a condominium.<br /><br />What is the monthly condominium fee?</span><br /><div class="i1">$________________ .00 Monthly amount -- Dollars</div><br /></svar> Puerto Rico 1990: Owner-occupied condominiums [discrepancies: none] This variable indicates the condominium's unit assigned monthly condominium fee. This is a 3-digit numeric variable. Codes0 = NIU (not in universe). 981 = Top code: 99.5th percentile within the country (Higher values are the state means of all cases above these cutoffs.) IPUMS Condominium status <svar a="all" v="PR90A044"><span class="em">H5. Is this (house/apartment) part of a condominium? </span><br />A condominium is a building or development with individually owned apartments or houses, having commonly owned areas and grounds.<br /><div class="i1">[ ] 1 Yes<br />[ ] 2 No</div><br /></svar> Puerto Rico 1990: Private, occupied or vacant dwellings [discrepancies: none] NIU (not in universe) 1 Not a condominium unit 2 Condominium unit This variable indicates whether a household lives in a condominium-housing units whose occupants share with other households the ownership and use of certain common areas and facilities. IPUMS Annual electricity cost <svar a="all" v="PR90A045"><span class="em">H24a. What is the average monthly cost for electricity for this house or apartment? </span><br /><br /><div class="i1">$__________ .00 Average monthly cost</div><br />or<br /><div class="i1">[] 1 Included in rent or in condominium fee<br />[] 2 No charge or electricity not used</div><br /></svar> Puerto Rico 1990: Private occupied dwellings [discrepancies: none] This variable indicates the annual electricity cost for each dwelling (rented or owned), excluding amounts included in contract rent or other types of payments. This is a 4-digit numeric variable. Codes0 = NIU (not in universe). 990 = Top code. 9993 = No charge or none used. 9997 = Included in rent or in condo fee. IPUMS Annual gas cost <svar a="all" v="PR90A046"><span class="em">H24b. What is the average monthly cost for gas for this house or apartment? </span><br /><div class="i1">$__________ .00 Average monthly cost</div><br />or<br /><div class="i1">[] 1 Included in rent or in condominium fee<br />[] 2 No charge or electricity not used</div><br /></svar> Puerto Rico 1990: Private occupied dwellings [discrepancies: none] This variable indicates the annual gas cost of each dwelling (rented or owned), excluding amounts included in contract rent or other types of payments. This is a 4-digit numeric variable. Codes0 = NIU (not in universe). 990 = Top code. 9993 = No charge or none used. 9997 = Included in rent or in condo fee. IPUMS Annual water cost <svar a="all" v="PR90A047"><span class="em">H24c. What is the average monthly cost for water for this house or apartment? </span><br /><div class="i1">$__________ .00 Average monthly cost</div><br />or<br /><div class="i1">[] 1 Included in rent or in condominium fee<br />[] 2 No charge or electricity not used</div><br /></svar> Puerto Rico 1990: Private occupied dwellings [discrepancies: none] This variable indicates the rented or owned dwelling's annual water cost, excluding amounts included in contract rent or other types of payments. This is a 4-digit numeric variable. Codes0 = NIU (not in universe). 990 = Top code. 9993 = No charge or none used. 9997 = Included in rent or in condo fee. IPUMS Annual home heating fuel cost <svar a="all" v="PR90A048"><span class="em">H24d. What is the average monthly cost for oil, charcoal, kerosene, wood, etc. for this house or apartment? </span><br /><div class="i1">$__________ .00 Average monthly cost</div><br />or<br /><div class="i1">[] 1 Included in rent or in condominium fee<br />[] 2 No charge or electricity not used</div><br /></svar> Puerto Rico 1990: Private occupied dwellings with heating [universe not verifiable] This variable indicates each rented or owned dwelling's annual fuel cost, excluding amounts included in contract rent or other types of payments. This is a 4-digit numeric variable. Codes0 = NIU (not in universe). 144 = Top code. 9993 = No charge or none used. 9997 = Included in rent or in condo fee. IPUMS Total family income Puerto Rico 1990: Private occupied dwellings [discrepancies: none] This variable indicates the total money income of all household members age 15+ that are related to the head, during the previous year. This is a 6-digit numeric variable. Codes72322 = Top code. 72323+ = 72323 or more (median of top-coded values). 999999 = NIU (not in universe). IPUMS Vacancy status <svar v="PR90A050 PR90A052 PR90A053">For enumerator use<br /></svar></p> <p><svar a="all" v="PR90A050"><span class="em">C1. Vacancy Status </span><br /><div class="i1">[ ] 1 For rent<br />[ ] 2 For sale only<br />[ ] 3 Rented or sold, not occupied<br />[ ] 4 For seasonal, recreational or other occasional use<br />[ ] 5 For migrant workers<br />[ ] 6 Other vacant</div><br /></svar> Puerto Rico 1990: Vacant dwellings [discrepancies: none] NIU (not in universe) 1 For rent 2 For sale only 3 Rented or sold but not (yet) occupied 4 For seasonal, recreational or other occasional use 7 For migratory workers 9 Other vacant This variable indicates if a dwelling was vacant and reports the reason for the vacancy. IPUMS Vacant, usual home elsewhere Puerto Rico 1990: Not group quarters, only units occupied by people with usual homes elsewhere [not verifiable] NIU (not in universe) 2 Usual home elsewhere, owns unit presently occupied 3 Usual home elsewhere, rents unit presently occupied 4 Usual home elsewhere, ownership undetermined This variable indicates if a dwelling did not house permanent residents but were temporarily occupied at the time of enumeration. IPUMS Boarded-up status <svar v="PR90A050 PR90A052 PR90A053">For enumerator use<br /></svar></p> <p><svar a="all" v="PR90A052"><span class="em">C2. Is this unit boarded up? </span><br /><div class="i1">[ ] 1 Yes<br />[ ] 2 No</div><br /></svar> Puerto Rico 1990: Vacant dwellings [discrepancies: none] NIU (not in universe) 1 No, not boarded up 2 Yes, boarded up This variable indicates whether or not the vacant unit was boarded up-that is, with windows and doors sealed to protect the interior and prevent illegal entry. IPUMS Duration of vacancy <svar v="PR90A050 PR90A052 PR90A053">For enumerator use<br /></svar></p> <p><svar a="all" v="PR90A053"><span class="em">D. Months vacant </span><br /><div class="i1">[ ] 1 Less than 1<br />[ ] 2 1 up to 2<br />[ ] 3 2 up to 6<br />[ ] 4 6 up to 12<br />[ ] 5 12 up to 24<br />[ ] 6 24 or more</div><br /></svar> Puerto Rico 1990: Vacant dwellings [discrepancies: none] NIU (not in universe) 1 Less than 1 month 2 1-2 months 3 2-6 months 4 6-12 months 5 12-24 months 6 More than 24 months This variable indicates the time elapsed, in months, since the last occupants moved out of the vacant dwelling. IPUMS Total household income Puerto Rico 1990: Private occupied dwellings [discrepancies: none] This variable indicates the total money income of all household members age 15+, during the previous year. This is a 6-digit numeric variable. Codes72322 = Top code. 72323+ = 72323 or more (median of top-coded values). 999999 = NIU (not in universe). IPUMS Kitchen or cooking facilities <svar a="all" v="PR90A055"><span class="em">H20. Do you have complete kitchen facilities; that is, a sink with piped water, a range or cookstove, and a refrigerator?</span><br /><div class="i1">[ ] 1 Yes<br />[ ] 2 No</div><br /></svar> Puerto Rico 1990: Private dwellings [discrepancies: none] NIU (not in universe) 1 No 4 Yes (shared or exclusive use) This variable indicates whether or not the dwelling contained kitchen or cooking facilities. IPUMS Number of rooms <svar a="all" v="PR90A056"><span class="em">H3. How many rooms do you have in this house or apartment? </span><br /><br />Count living rooms, dining rooms, kitchens, and bedrooms, but do not count bathrooms, balconies, foyers, halls, or halls.<br /><div class="i1">[] 1 1 room<br />[] 2 2 rooms<br />[] 3 3 rooms<br />[] 4 4 rooms<br />[] 5 5 rooms<br />[] 6 6 rooms<br />[] 7 7 rooms<br />[] 8 8 rooms<br />[] 9 9 or more rooms</div><br /></svar> Puerto Rico 1990: Private dwellings [discrepancies: none] NIU (not in universe) 1 1 room 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 7 7 8 8 9 9 or more This variable indicates the number of whole rooms used for living purposes that are contained in the dwelling. IPUMS Hot and cold piped water <svar a="all" v="PR90A057"><span class="em">H4a . Is there hot and cold piped water in this (house/apartment)? </span><br /><div class="i1">[ ] 1 Yes, hot and cold piped water<br />[ ] 2 No, only cold piped water<br />[ ] 3 No piped water -- Skip to H4d</div><br /></svar> Puerto Rico 1990: Private dwellings [discrepancies: none] NIU (not in universe) 1 No piped water 2 Cold piped water only 3 Hot and cold piped water This variable indicates whether or not the dwelling contained piped water. If the dwelling contained piped water, the variable indicates if the dwelling contained only cold or hot and cold piped water. IPUMS Bathtub or shower <svar a="all" v="PR90A058"><span class="em">H4b . Is there a bathtub or shower in this (house/apartment)? </span><br /><div class="i1">[ ] 1 Yes<br />[ ] 2 No bathtub or shower</div><br /></svar> Puerto Rico 1990: Private dwellings with piped water [discrepancies: none] NIU (not in universe) 1 No, no bathtub or shower 4 Yes (exclusive or shared use) This variable indicates whether or not the dwelling contained a bathtub or shower. IPUMS Flush toilet <svar a=" PR90A059" v="PR90A059 PR90A121"><span class="em">H4c. Is there a flush toilet in this (house/apartment)? </span><br /><div class="i1">[ ] 1 Yes -- Skip to H5<br />[ ] 2 No -- Go to H4d</div><br /></svar> Puerto Rico 1990: Private dwellings with piped water [discrepancies: none] NIU (not in universe) 1 No, no indoor flush toilet 4 Yes, shared or exclusive use This variable indicates whether or not the dwelling contained an indoor flush toilet. IPUMS Age of structure <svar a="all" v="PR90A060"><span class="em">H12. About when was this building first built? </span><br /><div class="i1">[] 1 1989 or 1990<br />[] 2 1985 to 1988<br />[] 3 1980 to 1984<br />[] 4 1970 to 1979<br />[] 5 1960 to 1969<br />[] 6 1950 to 1959<br />[] 7 1940 to 1949<br />[] 8 1939 or earlier<br />[] 9 Don't know</div><br /></svar> Puerto Rico 1990: Private dwellings [discrepancies: none] NIU (not in universe) 1 0-1 year old 2 2-5 years 3 6-10 years 4 11-20 years 5 21-30 years 6 31-40 years 7 41-50 years 8 51+ This variable indicates the estimated age of structure in years. IPUMS Condition of housing <svar a="all" v="PR90A061"><span class="em">H30.</span>Mark from observation.<br /><br /><span class="em">Condition of this housing unit</span><br /></svar> Puerto Rico 1990: Private dwellings [discrepancies: none] NIU (not in universe) 1 Sound 2 Deteriorating 3 Dilapidated 4 Original construction inadequate This variable indicates the condition of the housing unit (both occupied and vacant). IPUMS Units in structure <svar a="all" v="PR90A062"><span class="em">H2. Which best describes this building? </span>Include all apartments, flats, etc., even if vacant.<br /><div class="i1">[] 1 A mobile home or trailer<br />[] 2 A one-family house detached from any other house<br />[] 3 A one-family house attached to one or more houses<br />[] 4 A building with 2 apartments<br />[] 5 A building with 3 or 4 apartments<br />[] 6 A building with 5 to 9 apartments<br />[] 7 A building with 10 to 19 apartments<br />[] 8 A building with 20 to 49 apartments<br />[] 9 A building with 50 or more apartments<br />[] 10 Other</div><br /></svar> Puerto Rico 1990: Private dwellings [discrepancies: none] 00 NIU (not in universe) 01 Mobile home or trailer 02 Boat, tent, van, other 03 1-family house, detached 04 1-family house, attached 05 2-family building 06 3-4 family building 07 5-9 family building 08 10-19 family building 09 20-49 family building 10 50+ family building This variable indicates the number of dwellings (both occupied and vacant) in the structure containing the household. IPUMS Source of water <svar a="all" v="PR90A063"><span class="em">H14. Do you get water from --</span><br /><div class="i1">1 [ ] A public system?<br />2 [ ] An individual well?<br />3 [ ] A cistern, tanks, or drums?<br />4 [ ] A spring or some other source, such as a river, irrigation canal, etc.?</div><br /></svar> Puerto Rico 1990: Private dwellings [discrepancies: none] NIU (not in universe) 1 Public system or private company 3 Individual well, drilled 6 Cistern, tanks, or drums 8 Spring or other This variable indicates the source of the dwelling's water supply, and whether the unit supplied its own water via an individual well or was attached to a larger public or private system. IPUMS Sewage disposal <svar a="all" v="PR90A064"><span class="em">H15. Is this building connected to a public sewer?</span><br /><div class="i1">[ ] 1 Yes<br />[ ] 2 No, connected to septic tank or cesspool<br />[ ] 3 No use other means</div><br /></svar> Puerto Rico 1990: Private dwellings [discrepancies: none] NIU (not in universe) 1 Public sewer 2 Septic tank or cesspool 3 Other means This variable indicates each dwelling's method of sewage disposal: by a public system, a septic tank or cesspool, or another method. IPUMS Number of bathrooms <svar a="all" v="PR90A065"><span class="em">H17. How many bathrooms do you have? </span><br />A complete bathroom is a room with flush toilet, bathtub or shower, and wash basin with piped water. A half bathroom has a flush toilet and a wash basin with piped water.<br /><div class="i1">[ ] 1 None<br />[ ] 2 Only half bathrooms<br />[ ] 3 1 complete bathroom<br />[ ] 4 1 complete bathroom, plus half bath(s)<br />[ ] 5 2 or more complete bathrooms</div><br /></svar> Puerto Rico 1990: Private dwellings [discrepancies: none] NIU (not in universe) 2 0 baths 3 Only half bathrooms 4 1 complete bathroom 5 1 complete bathroom plus 1/2 bath(s) 6 2+ complete bathrooms This variable indicates the number of bathrooms (both half and complete) for each dwelling. IPUMS Number of bedrooms <svar a="all" v="PR90A066"><span class="em">H16. How many bedrooms do you have; that is, how many bedrooms would you list if this (house/apartment) were on the market for sale or rent?</span><br /><div class="i1">[ ] 1 No bedroom<br />[ ] 2 1 bedroom<br />[ ] 3 2 bedrooms<br />[ ] 4 3 bedrooms<br />[ ] 5 4 bedrooms<br />[ ] 6 5 or more bedrooms</div><br /></svar> Puerto Rico 1990: Private dwellings [discrepancies: none] 9 NIU (not in universe) No bedrooms 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5+ This variable indicates the number of bedrooms within the dwelling. IPUMS Telephone availability <svar a="all" v="PR90A067"><span class="em">H22. Do you have a telephone in this (house/apartment)?</span><br /><div class="i1">[ ] 1 Yes<br />[ ] 2 No</div><br /></svar> Puerto Rico 1990: Private dwellings [discrepancies: none] NIU (not in universe) 1 No, no phone available 2 Yes, phone available This variable indicates whether or not the residents of the household had telephone access. IPUMS Second mortgage monthly payment <svar v="PR90A041 PR90A040 PR90A031 PR90A033 PR90A038 PR90A039 PR90A032 PR90A068 PR90A043"><span class="em">Interviewer Instruction</span>: Ask questions H25 through H29, if this is a one-family house, a condominium, or a mobile home that someone in this household owns or is buying; otherwise, go to H30.<br /></svar></p> <p><svar a="all" v="PR90A068"><span class="em">H28b. How much is the regular monthly payment on all second or junior mortgages and all home equity loans?</span><br /><div class="i1">$_______________ .00 Monthly amount -- Dollars<br /><br />Or<br /><br /> [] No regular payment required</div><br /></svar> Puerto Rico 1990: Households with second mortgage [discrepancies: none] This variable indicates the household's second mortgage monthly payment obligation, if any. This is a 4-digit numeric variable with 0 implied decimal places IPUMS Cooking fuel <svar a="all" v="PR90A069"><span class="em">H19. Which fuel is used for cooking? </span><br /><div class="i1">[] 1 Electricity<br />[] 2 Gas<br />[] 3 Other</div><br /></svar> Puerto Rico 1990: Private occupied dwellings [discrepancies: none] NIU (not in universe) 1 No fuel used 4 Gas, type not specified 5 Electricity This variable indicates whether or not the household used fuel for cooking and type of fuel used. IPUMS Vehicles available <svar a="all" v="PR90A070"><span class="em">H23. How many vans or trucks are kept at home for use by members of your household?</span><br /><div class="i1">[ ] 1 None<br />[ ] 2 1<br />[ ] 3 2<br />[ ] 4 3<br />[ ] 5 4 or more</div><br /></svar> Puerto Rico 1990: Private occupied dwellings [discrepancies: none] 9 NIU (not in universe) 1 1 available 2 2 3 3 4 4+ No vehicles available This variable indicates the number of cars, vans, and trucks of one-tone capacity or less kept at home for use by household members. IPUMS Number of families in household Puerto Rico 1990: Occupied dwellings [discrepancies: none] NIU (not in universe) 1 1 family or group quarters 2 2 families 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 7 7 8 8 This variable indicates the number of families in the dwelling. IPUMS Number of married couples in household Puerto Rico 1990: Private occupied dwellings [discrepancies: none] 0 couples 1 1 2 2 3 3 9 NIU (not in universe) This variable indicates the number of married couples in the household. IPUMS Number of mothers in household Puerto Rico 1990: Private occupied dwellings [discrepancies: none] 0 mothers 1 1 2 2 3 3 9 NIU (not in universe) This variable indicates the number of women who are identified as residing with their children in the household. IPUMS Number of fathers in household Puerto Rico 1990: Private occupied dwellings [discrepancies: none] 0 fathers 1 1 2 2 3 3 9 NIU (not in universe) This variable indicates the number of men who are identified as residing with their children in the household. IPUMS Flag for acreage of house Puerto Rico 1990: All households Not allocated or N/A 4 Allocated, hot deck This variable is a data quality flag for ACREHOUS (acreage of house). IPUMS Flag for acreage of property Puerto Rico 1990: All households Not allocated 4 Allocated This variable is a data quality flag for ACREPROP, FARM (acreage of property and farm status). IPUMS Flag for air conditioner Puerto Rico 1990: All households Not allocated 4 Allocated This variable is a data quality flag for AIRCON ( air conditioner). IPUMS Flag for first mortgage monthly payment Puerto Rico 1990: All households Not allocated 4 Allocated This variable is a data quality flag MORTAMT1 (first mortgage monthly payment). IPUMS Flag for mortgage payment includes property insurance Puerto Rico 1990: All households Not allocated 4 Allocated This variable is a data quality flag for INSINCL (mortgage payment includes property insurance). IPUMS Flag for second mortgage monthly payment Puerto Rico 1990: All households Not allocated 4 Allocated This variable is a data quality flag for MORTAMT2 (second monthly mortgage payment). IPUMS Flag for number of bedrooms Puerto Rico 1990: All households Not allocated 4 Allocated, hot deck This is data quality flag for BEDROOMS (number of bedrooms). IPUMS Flag for age of structure Puerto Rico 1990: All households Not allocated 5 Cold deck allocation (select variables) 6 Don't Know This variable is a data quality flag for BUILTYR (age of structure). IPUMS Flag for commercial use Puerto Rico 1990: All households Not allocated 4 Allocated, hot deck This variable is a data quality flag for COMMUSE (commercial use). IPUMS Flag for condominium status Puerto Rico 1990: All households Not allocated 4 Allocated This variable is a data quality flag for CONDO (condominium status). IPUMS Flag for second mortgage status Puerto Rico 1990: All households Not allocated 4 Allocated This variable is a data quality flag for MORTGAG2 ( second mortgage status). IPUMS Flag for annual electricity cost Puerto Rico 1990: All households Not allocated 4 Allocated This variable is a data quality flag for COSTELEC (annual electricity cost). IPUMS Flag for mortgage status (qmortgag) Puerto Rico 1990: All households Not allocated 3 Allocated, direct 4 Allocated This variable is a data quality flag for MORTGAGE ( mortgage status). IPUMS Flag for annual home heating fuel cost Puerto Rico 1990: All households Not allocated 4 Allocated This variable is a data quality flag for COSTFUEL (annual home heating fuel cost). IPUMS Flag for annual gas cost Puerto Rico 1990: All households Not allocated 4 Allocated This variable is a data quality flag for COSTGAS (annual gas cost). IPUMS Flag for annual property insurance cost Puerto Rico 1990: All households Not allocated 4 Allocated This variable is a data quality flag for PROPINSR (annual property insurance cost). IPUMS Flag for annual water cost Puerto Rico 1990: All households Not allocated 4 Allocated This variable is a data quality flag for COSTWAT (annual water cost). IPUMS Flag for annual real estate taxes, 1990 Puerto Rico 1990: All households Not allocated 4 Allocated This variable is a data quality flag for PROPTX99 (annual real estate taxes, 1990). IPUMS Flag for sales of farm products and farm status Puerto Rico 1990: All households Not allocated 4 Allocated This variable is a data quality flag for FARMPROD, FARM (sales of farm products and farm status). IPUMS Flag for duration of vacancy Puerto Rico 1990: All households Not allocated 4 Allocated This variable is a data quality flag for VACDUR (duration of vacancy). IPUMS Flag for cooking fuel Puerto Rico 1990: All households Not allocated 4 Allocated This variable is a data quality flag for FUELCOOK (cooking fuel). IPUMS Flag for heating water fuel Puerto Rico 1990: All households Not allocated 4 Allocated, hot deck This variable is a data quality flag for FUELWATR (heating water fuel). IPUMS Flag for hot water Puerto Rico 1990: All households Not allocated 3 Allocated, direct This variable is a data quality flag for HOTWATER (hot water). IPUMS Flag for kitchen Puerto Rico 1990: All households Not allocated 4 Allocated This variable is a data quality flag for KITCHEN ( kitchen). IPUMS Flag for ownership of dwelling Puerto Rico 1990: All households Original entry or inapplicable (not in universe) 4 Allocated This variable is a data quality flag for OWNERSHP (ownership of dwelling). IPUMS Flag for phone availability Puerto Rico 1990: All households Not allocated 4 Allocated This variable is a data quality flag for PHONE (phone availability). IPUMS Flag for monthly contract rent Puerto Rico 1990: All households Original entry or Inapplicable (not in universe) 4 Allocated (method not specified) This variable is a data quality flag FOR RENT, RENT30 (monthly contract rent). IPUMS Flag for number of rooms Puerto Rico 1990: All households Not allocated 4 Allocated This variable is a data quality flag for ROOMS (number of rooms). IPUMS Flag for sewage disposal Puerto Rico 1990: All households Not allocated 4 Allocated, hot deck This variable is a data quality flag for SEWAGE (sewage disposal). IPUMS Flag for substituted household Puerto Rico 1990: All households Not allocated, substituted 6 Allocated, substituted This variable is a data quality flag for substituted household. IPUMS Flag for boarded-up status Puerto Rico 1990: All households Not allocated 4 Allocated This variable is a data quality flag for VACBOARD (boarded-up status). IPUMS Flag for water source Puerto Rico 1990: All households Not allocated 4 Allocated This variable is a data quality flag for watersrc (water source). IPUMS Flag for units in structure Puerto Rico 1990: All households Not allocated 4 Allocated This variable is a data quality flag for UNITSSTR (units in structure). IPUMS Flag for vacancy status Puerto Rico 1990: All households Not allocated 4 Allocated This variable is a data quality flag for VACANCY (vacancy status). IPUMS Flag for house value Puerto Rico 1990: All households Original entry or inapplicable (not in universe) 4 Allocated This variable is a data quality flag for VALUEH (house value). IPUMS Flag for monthly condominium fee Puerto Rico 1990: All households Not allocated 4 Allocated This variable is a data quality flag for CONDOFEE (condo fee). IPUMS Flag for mortgage payment including real estate taxes Puerto Rico 1990: All households Not allocated 4 Allocated This variable is a data quality flag for TAXINCL (mortagage payment includes real estate taxes). IPUMS Household type Puerto Rico 1990: Private occupied dwellings [discrepancies: none] NIU (not in universe) 1 Married-couple family household 2 Male householder, no wife present 3 Female householder, no husband present 4 Male householder, living alone 5 Male householder, not living alone 6 Female householder, living alone 7 Female householder, not living alone This variable indicates the household type. IPUMS Type and location of toilet facilities <svar a=" PR90A059" v="PR90A059 PR90A121"><span class="em">H4c. Is there a flush toilet in this (house/apartment)? </span><br /><div class="i1">[ ] 1 Yes -- Skip to H5<br />[ ] 2 No -- Go to H4d</div><br /></svar></p> <p><svar a="all" v="PR90A121"><span class="em">H4d. What type of toilet facilities do you have? </span><br /><div class="i1">[ ] 1 Privy<br />[ ] 2 Other or none</div><br /></svar> Puerto Rico 1990: Private, occupied and vacant dwellings [discrepancies: none] NIU (not in universe) 2 Privy 3 No flush toilet or privy 4 Yes, in this house/apartment This variable indicates the type and location of toilet facilities used by the dwelling. IPUMS Type of construction material <svar a="all" v="PR90A122"><span class="em">H13. Which best describes the construction material of this building?</span><br />Read categories and mark (X) only ONE box.<br />Concrete walls (poured concrete, concrete blocks, stone, etc.)<br /><div class="i1">[ ] 1 With concrete slab roof<br />[ ] 2 With wood frame roof</div><br />Wood frame walls<br /><div class="i1">[ ] 3 With concrete foundation, poured concrete, etc.<br />[ ] 4 With wood stilt foundation<br />[ ] 5 Mixed concrete and wood walls<br />[ ] 6 Other type of construction material</div><br /></svar> Puerto Rico 1990: Private, occupied and vacant dwellings [discrepancies: none] NIU (not in universe) 1 Masonry or concrete walls - concrete slab roof 2 Masonry or concrete walls - wood frame roof 3 Wood frame walls - masonry foundation 4 Wood frame walls - wood base or wood stilt foundation 5 Mixed concrete and wood walls 6 Other type of construction This variable indicates the type of materials used in the construction of the dwelling. IPUMS Type of water heater <svar a="all" v="PR90A123"><span class="em">H18. What type of water heater do you have in this (house/apartment)?</span><br /><div class="i1">[ ] 1 Electric<br />[ ] 2 Shower<br />[ ] 3 Solar<br />[ ] 4 Other<br />[ ] 5 None</div><br /></svar> Puerto Rico 1990: Private occupied dwellings[discrepancies: none] NIU (not in universe) 1 None / No tank type water heater 2 Electric, tank type 3 Shower 4 Solar 5 Other This variable indicates the type of water heater used in the dwelling. IPUMS Medical, professional or other office use of property Puerto Rico 1990: Private, occupied or vacant single-family houses or mobile homes [discrepancies: none] NIU (not in universe) 1 No medical or other office use 2 Medical office only 3 Other type of office only 4 Both medical and other offices on property This variable indicates if there is a medical or other professional office use on the property where the dwelling is located. IPUMS Data quality flag for CONSTYPR (Type of construction materials) Puerto Rico 1990: All households Not allocated 4 Allocated This variable is a data quality flag for CONSTYPR (Type of construction materials). IPUMS Data quality flag for HOUSQUAL (condition of housing) Puerto Rico 1990: All households Not allocated This variable is a data quality flag for HOUSQUAL (condition of housing). IPUMS Data quality flag for OFFICEPR (medical or other professional office use of property) Puerto Rico 1990: All households Not allocated 1 Allocated, assigned: medical office only 2 Allocated, assigned: other office use only 3 Allocated, assigned: both medical/other office use This variable is a data quality flag for OFFICEPR (medical or other professional office use of property). IPUMS Data quality flag for BATHRPR2 (number of bathrooms, Puerto Rico) Puerto Rico 1990: All households Not allocated 4 Allocated This variable is a data quality flag for BATHRPR2 (number of bathrooms, Puerto Rico). IPUMS Data quality flag for TOILETPR (flush toilet, Puerto Rico) Puerto Rico 1990: All households Not allocated 3 Allocated, direct This variable is a data quality flag for TOILETPR (flush toilet, Puerto Rico). IPUMS Data quality flag for VEHICLE (vehicles available) Puerto Rico 1990: All households Not allocated 4 Allocated This variable is a data quality flag for VEHICLE (vehicles available). IPUMS Data quality flag for SHOWER (shower, Puerto Rico) Puerto Rico 1990: All households Not allocated 4 Allocated, method not specified This variable is a data quality flag for SHOWER (bathtub or shower, Puerto Rico). IPUMS Person number PERNUM numbers all persons within each household consecutively (starting with "1" for the first person record of each household). When combined with SAMPLE and SERIAL, PERNUM uniquely identifies each person in the IPUMS-International database. PERNUM is a 4-digit numeric variable. IPUMS Person weight PERWT indicates the number of persons in the actual population represented by the person in the sample. For the samples that are truly weighted (see the comparability discussion), PERWT must be used to yield accurate statistics for the population. NOTE: PERWT has 2 implied decimal places. That is, the last two digits of the eight-digit variable are decimal digits, but there is no actual decimal in the data. PERWT is an 8-digit numeric variable with 2 implied decimal places. See the variable description. IPUMS Mother's location in household MOMLOC is a constructed variable that indicates whether or not the person's mother lived in the same household and, if so, gives the person number of the mother (see PERNUM). MOMLOC makes it easy for researchers to link the characteristics of children and their (probable) mothers. The method by which probable child-mother links are identified is described in PARRULE. The general design of MOMLOC and other constructed variables follows the methods developed for IPUMS-USA "Family Interrelationships," but the details vary significantly. For more details on the construction of MOMLOC, see the Comparability section of PARRULE and this paper on IPUMSI family linking methodology. Note: MOMLOC identifies social relationships (such as stepmother and adopted mother) as well as biological relationships. The variable STEPMOM is designed to identify some of these social relationships. To restrict MOMLOC to biological mothers, such as for own children fertility estimation, MOMLOC should be reset to zero when STEPMOM is greater than zero. MOMLOC is a 3-digit numeric variable. Codes0 = No mother of this person present in the household. 1 or higher = The person number of this person's mother IPUMS Father's location in household POPLOC is a constructed variable that indicates whether or not the person's father lived in the same household and, if so, gives the person number of the father (see PERNUM). POPLOC makes it easy for researchers to link the characteristics of children and their (probable) fathers. The method by which probable child-father links are identified is described in PARRULE. The general design of POPLOC and other constructed variables follows the methods developed for IPUMS-USA "Family Interrelationships," but the details vary significantly. For more details on the construction of POPLOC, see the Comparability section of PARRULE and this paper on IPUMSI family linking methodology. Note: POPLOC identifies social relationships (such as stepfather and adopted father) as well as biological relationships. The variable STEPPOP is designed to identify some of these social relationships. To restrict POPLOC to biological mothers, such as for own children fertility estimation, POPLOC should be reset to zero when STEPPOP is greater than zero. POPLOC is a 3-digit numeric variable. Codes0 = No father of this person present in the household. 1 or higher = The person number of this person's father IPUMS Spouse's location in household SPLOC is a constructed variable that indicates whether or not the person's spouse lived in the same household and, if so, gives the person number (PERNUM) of the spouse. SPLOC makes it easy for researchers to link the characteristics of (probable) spouses. The method by which probable spouse-spouse links are identified is described in SPRULE. The general design of SPLOC and other constructed variables is modeled on the methods developed for IPUMS-USA "Family Interrelationships", but the details vary significantly. For more details on the construction of SPLOC, see the Comparability section of SPRULE and this paper on IPUMSI family linking methodology. SPLOC is a 3-digit numeric variable. Codes0 = No spouse of this person present in the household. 1 or higher = The person number of this person's spouse IPUMS Rule for linking parent 00 No parent of person in household 11 Link to head or spouse, unambiguous 12 Link to head or spouse, ambiguous 21 Child-Grandchild, within empirical child cap 22 Child-Grandchild, within constructed child cap 23 Child-Grandchild, exceeds child cap 31 Specified Other Relatives, within empirical child cap 32 Specified Other Relatives, within constructed child cap 33 Specified Other Relatives, exceeds child cap 41 Other Relatives, within empirical child cap 42 Other Relatives, within constructed child cap 51 Non-Relatives, within empirical child cap 52 Non-Relatives, within constructed child cap PARRULE describes the criteria by which the IPUMS International variables MOMLOC and POPLOC linked the person to a probable mother and/or father. IPUMS International establishes child-parent links according to five basic rules, and PARRULE gives the number of the rule that applied to the link in question. A link to any parent automatically generates a second link to that parent's spouse or partner, so only one rule is needed to describe both MOMLOC and POPLOC. The design of the interrelationship variables is described in this paper on IPUMSI family linking methodology. IPUMS Rule for linking spouse 00 No spouse present 01 Rule 1: strong relationship pairing, couple adjacent 02 Rule 2: strong relationship pairing, couple not adjacent 03 Rule 3: weak relationship pairing, couple adjacent 04 Rule 4: weak relationship pairing, couple not adjacent 05 Rule 5: weak consensual union pairings 06 Rule 6: sample-specific rules (usually child-to-child) SPRULE explains the criteria by which the IPUMS-International variable SPLOC linked the person to his/her probable spouse. IPUMS International establishes spouse-spouse links according to five basic rules, and SPRULE gives the number of the rule that applied to the link in question. A sixth rule identifies sample-specific linking procedures only imposed in selected instances. The design of the interrelationship variables is described in this paper on IPUMSI family linking methodology. IPUMS Probable stepmother Biological mother or no mother present 1 Mother has no children born or surviving 2 Child reports mother is deceased 3 Explicitly identified step relationship 4 Mother reports no children in the home 5 Age difference implausible 6 Child exceeds known fertility of mother STEPMOM indicates whether a person's mother, as identified by MOMLOC, was most probably not the person's biological mother. Non-zero values of STEPMOM explain why it is probable that the person's mother was a step- or adopted mother. A value of 0 indicates no likely stepmother because (1) the mother identified in MOMLOC was probably the biological mother or (2) there is no mother of this person present in the household. The codes for STEPMOM are as follows: 0 = Biological mother or no mother of this person present in household. 1 = Mother has no children born or surviving. 2 = Child reports mother is deceased. 3 = Explicitly identified relationship (stepchild, adopted child, child of unmarried partner, stepchild/child-in-law). 4 = Mother reports no children in the home. 5 = Age difference between mother and child was less than 12 or greater than 54 years. 6 = Child exceeds known fertility of mother. In cases where more than one criterion for a likely stepmother is met, STEPMOM will take the value of the criterion with the lowest code. See PARRULE for a description of the linking process. Users should note that there are many stepmothers and adopted mothers in the population that cannot be identified with information available in the censuses. Therefore, STEPMOM will always under-represent their actual number in the population. IPUMS Probable stepfather Biological father or no father present 1 Child reports father is deceased 2 Explicitly identified step relationship 3 Age difference implausible 4 Spouse of mother 5 Identified as adopted 6 Surname difference -- male child or never-married female STEPPOP indicates whether a person's father, as identified by POPLOC, was most probably not the person's biological father. Non-zero values of STEPPOP explain why it is probable that the person's father was a step- or adopted father. A value of 0 indicates no likely stepfather because (1) the father identified in POPLOC was probably the biological father or (2) there is no father of this person present in the household. The codes for STEPPOP are as follows: 0 = Biological father or no father of this person present in household. 1 = Child reports father is deceased. 2 = Explicitly identified relationship (stepchild, adopted child, child of unmarried partner; stepchild/child-in-law). 3 = Age difference between father and child was less than 12 or greater than 54 years. In cases where more than one criterion for a likely stepfather is met, STEPPOP will take the value of the criterion with the lowest code. See PARRULE for a description of the linking process. Users should note that there are many stepfathers and adopted fathers in the population that cannot be identified with information available in the censuses. Therefore, STEPPOP will always under-represent their actual number in the population. IPUMS Man with more than one wife linked No more than one wife linked via SPLOC 1 More than one wife linked via SPLOC POLYMAL indicates if a man had more than one wife linked to him in the constructed IPUMS variable SPLOC -- Spouse's Location in Household. The point of POLYMAL is to facilitate using SPLOC in samples that identify polygamy. Some statistical matching procedures expect to find only one matching record for each subject record. IPUMS Woman is second or higher order wife Person is not the 2nd or higher order wife linked via SPLOC 1 Person is the 2nd or higher order wife linked via SPLOC POLY2ND indicates if a woman was the second or higher order wife linked to a husband in the constructed IPUMS variable SPLOC -- Spouse's Location in Household. The variable does not suggest the actual marital order of wives, only their relative positions in the person order of the household as it was enumerated. The point of POLY2ND is to facilitate using SPLOC in samples that identify polygamy. Some statistical matching procedures expect to find only one matching record for each subject record. IPUMS Family unit membership FAMUNIT is a constructed variable indicating to which family within the household a person belongs. All persons related to the household head receive a 1 (see RELATE). Each secondary family or secondary individual receives a higher code. For purposes of FAMUNIT, secondary families are individuals or groups of persons linked together by the IPUMS constructed pointer variables SPLOC, MOMLOC, and POPLOC (location of spouse, mother, and father). FAMUNIT is a 4-digit numeric variable. CodesIf there is only one group of related individuals within the household, all of them will be coded "1;" if there is a second, separate such group listed on the form, all of them will be coded "2," and so on. IPUMS Number of own family members in household 0001 1 family member present 0002 2 family members present 0003 3 family members present 0004 4 0005 5 0006 6 0007 7 0008 8 0009 9 0010 10 0011 11 0012 12 0013 13 0014 14 0015 15 0016 16 0017 17 0018 18 0019 19 0020 20 0021 21 0022 22 0023 23 0024 24 0025 25 0026 26 0027 27 0028 28 0029 29 0030 30 0031 31 0032 32 0033 33 0034 34 0035 35 0036 36 0037 37 0038 38 0039 39 0040 40 0041 41 0042 42 0043 43 0044 44 0045 45 0046 46 0047 47 0048 48 0049 49 0050 50 0051 51 0052 52 0053 53 0054 54 0055 55 0056 56 0057 57 0058 58 0059 59 0060 60 0061 61 0062 62 0063 63 0064 64 0065 65 0066 66 0067 67 0068 68 0069 69 0070 70 0071 71 0072 72 0073 73 0074 74 0075 75 0076 76 0077 77 0078 78 0079 79 0080 80 0081 81 0082 82 0083 83 0084 84 0085 85 0086 86 0087 87 0088 88 0089 89 0090 90 0091 91 0092 92 0093 93 0094 94 0095 95 0096 96 0097 97 0098 98 0099 99 or more persons FAMSIZE counts the number of the person's own family members living in the household with her/him, including the person her/himself. These include all persons related to the person by blood, adoption, or marriage as indicated by the census forms or inferred from them. FAMSIZE is calculated from the units identified in the IPUMS constructed variable FAMUNIT (family unit membership). The primary family is defined as all persons related to the head in the RELATE variable. Secondary families are individuals or groups of persons linked together by the IPUMS constructed pointer variables SPLOC, MOMLOC, and POPLOC (location of spouse, mother, and father). IPUMS Number of own children in household 00 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 or more children in household NCHILD provides a count of the person's own children living in the household with her or him. These include all children linked to the person via the constructed IPUMS pointer variables MOMLOC or POPLOC -- mother's and father's location in the household. IPUMS Number of own children under age 5 in household 00 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 or more own children under age 5 in household 98 One or more children have unknown age NCHLT5 provides a count of the person's own children under age five living in the household with her or him. These include all children linked to the person via the constructed IPUMS pointer variables MOMLOC or POPLOC -- mother's and father's location in the household. IPUMS Age of eldest own child in household 00 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 or older 98 One or more children have unknown age 99 No own child in household ELDCH gives the age of the person's oldest own child living in the household with her or him. These include all children linked to the person via the constructed IPUMS pointer variables MOMLOC or POPLOC -- mother's and father's location in the household. ELDCH is top-coded at age 50 or older. IPUMS Age of youngest own child in household 00 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 or older 98 One or more children have unknown age 99 No own child in household YNGCH gives the age of the person's youngest own child living in the household with her or him. These include all children linked to the person via the constructed IPUMS pointer variables MOMLOC or POPLOC -- mother's and father's location in the household. YNGCH is top-coded at age 50 or older. IPUMS Relationship to household head [general version] 1 Head 2 Spouse/partner 3 Child 4 Other relative 5 Non-relative 6 Other relative or non-relative 9 Unknown RELATE describes the relationship of the individual to the head of household (sometimes called the householder or reference person). IPUMS Relationship to household head [detailed version] 1000 Head 2000 Spouse/partner 2100 Spouse 2200 Unmarried partner 2210 Civil union 2300 Same-sex spouse/partner 3000 Child 3100 Biological child 3200 Adopted child 3300 Stepchild 3400 Child/child-in-law 3500 Child/child-in-law/grandchild 3600 Child of unmarried partner 4000 Other relative 4100 Grandchild 4110 Grandchild or great grandchild 4120 Great grandchild 4130 Great-great grandchild 4200 Parent/parent-in-law 4210 Parent 4211 Stepparent 4220 Parent-in-law 4300 Child-in-law 4301 Daughter-in-law 4302 Spouse/partner of child 4310 Unmarried partner of child 4400 Sibling/sibling-in-law 4410 Sibling 4420 Stepsibling 4430 Sibling-in-law 4431 Sibling of spouse/partner 4432 Spouse/partner of sibling 4500 Grandparent 4510 Great grandparent 4600 Parent/grandparent/ascendant 4700 Aunt/uncle 4800 Other specified relative 4810 Nephew/niece 4820 Cousin 4830 Sibling's sibling-in-law 4900 Other relative, not elsewhere classified 4910 Other relative with same family name 4920 Other relative with different family name 4930 Other relative, not specified (secondary family) 5000 Non-relative 5100 Friend/guest/visitor/partner 5110 Partner/friend 5111 Friend 5112 Partner/roommate 5113 Housemate/roommate 5120 Visitor 5130 Ex-spouse 5140 Godparent 5150 Godchild 5200 Employee 5210 Domestic employee 5220 Relative of employee, n.s. 5221 Spouse of servant 5222 Child of servant 5223 Other relative of servant 5300 Roomer/boarder/lodger/foster child 5310 Boarder 5311 Boarder or guest 5320 Lodger 5330 Foster child 5340 Tutored/foster child 5350 Tutored child 5400 Employee, boarder, or guest 5500 Other specified non-relative 5510 Agregado 5520 Temporary resident, guest 5600 Group quarters 5610 Group quarters, non-inmates 5620 Institutional inmates 5900 Non-relative, n.e.c. 6000 Other relative or non-relative 9999 Unknown RELATE describes the relationship of the individual to the head of household (sometimes called the householder or reference person). IPUMS Age 000 Less than 1 year 001 1 year 002 2 years 003 3 004 4 005 5 006 6 007 7 008 8 009 9 010 10 011 11 012 12 013 13 014 14 015 15 016 16 017 17 018 18 019 19 020 20 021 21 022 22 023 23 024 24 025 25 026 26 027 27 028 28 029 29 030 30 031 31 032 32 033 33 034 34 035 35 036 36 037 37 038 38 039 39 040 40 041 41 042 42 043 43 044 44 045 45 046 46 047 47 048 48 049 49 050 50 051 51 052 52 053 53 054 54 055 55 056 56 057 57 058 58 059 59 060 60 061 61 062 62 063 63 064 64 065 65 066 66 067 67 068 68 069 69 070 70 071 71 072 72 073 73 074 74 075 75 076 76 077 77 078 78 079 79 080 80 081 81 082 82 083 83 084 84 085 85 086 86 087 87 088 88 089 89 090 90 091 91 092 92 093 93 094 94 095 95 096 96 097 97 098 98 099 99 100 100+ 999 Not reported/missing AGE gives age in years as of the person's last birthday prior to or on the day of enumeration. IPUMS Age, grouped into intervals 01 0 to 4 02 5 to 9 03 10 to 14 04 15 to 19 05 0 to 5 06 6 to 10 07 10 to 15 08 11 to 14 09 15 to 17 10 16 to 19 11 18 to 24 12 20 to 24 13 25 to 29 14 30 to 34 15 35 to 39 16 40 to 44 17 45 to 49 18 50 to 54 19 55 to 59 20 60 to 64 21 65 to 69 22 70 to 74 23 75 to 79 24 80 to 84 25 85+ 98 Unknown AGE2 gives computed years of age grouped into intervals. IPUMS Sex 1 Male 2 Female 9 Unknown SEX reports the sex (gender) of the respondent. IPUMS Marital status [general version] NIU (not in universe) 1 Single/never married 2 Married/in union 3 Separated/divorced/spouse absent 4 Widowed 9 Unknown/missing MARST describes the person's current marital status according to law or custom. Individuals who remarried should report the status relevant to their most recent marriage. Census instructions rarely explicitly limit marital status to strictly legal unions. Note regarding universe: The lowest age at which a person can be anything but "never married" varies among samples. IPUMS Marital status [detailed version] 000 NIU (not in universe) 100 Single/never married 110 Engaged 111 Never married and never cohabited 200 Married or consensual union 210 Married, formally 211 Married, civil 212 Married, religious 213 Married, civil and religious 214 Married, civil or religious 215 Married, traditional/customary 216 Married, monogamous 217 Married, polygamous 219 Married, spouse absent (historical samples) 220 Consensual union 300 Separated/divorced/spouse absent 310 Separated or divorced 320 Separated or annulled 330 Separated 331 Separated legally 332 Separated de facto 333 Separated from marriage 334 Separated from consensual union 335 Separated from consensual union or marriage 340 Annulled 350 Divorced 400 Widowed 410 Widowed or divorced 411 Widowed from consensual union or marriage 412 Widowed from marriage 413 Widowed from consensual union 420 Widowed, divorced, or separated 999 Unknown/missing MARST describes the person's current marital status according to law or custom. Individuals who remarried should report the status relevant to their most recent marriage. Census instructions rarely explicitly limit marital status to strictly legal unions. Note regarding universe: The lowest age at which a person can be anything but "never married" varies among samples. IPUMS Consensual union 1 Yes, in consensual union 2 No, married 8 Unknown 9 NIU (not in universe) CONSENS indicates whether the respondent was in a consensual union -- a de facto marriage. IPUMS Children ever born 00 No children 01 1 child 02 2 children 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30+ 98 Unknown 99 NIU (not in universe) CHBORN reports the number of children ever born to each woman of whom the question was asked. In most samples, women were to report all live births by all fathers, whether or not the child was still living. IPUMS Nativity status NIU (not in universe) 1 Native-born 2 Foreign-born 9 Unknown/missing NATIVITY indicates whether the person was native-born or foreign-born. IPUMS Country of birth 00000 NIU (not in universe) 10000 Africa 11000 Eastern Africa 11005 British Indian Ocean Territory 11010 Burundi 11020 Comoros 11030 Djibouti 11040 Eritrea 11050 Ethiopia 11051 Ethiopia (including Eritrea) 11060 Kenya 11070 Madagascar 11080 Malawi 11090 Mauritius 11100 Mozambique 11110 Reunion 11120 Rwanda 11130 Seychelles 11140 Somalia 11150 South Sudan 11160 Uganda 11170 Tanzania 11180 Zambia 11190 Zimbabwe 11999 Eastern Africa, other or n.s. 12000 Middle Africa 12010 Angola 12020 Cameroon 12030 Central African Republic 12040 Chad 12050 Congo (Republic of) 12060 Democratic Republic of Congo 12070 Equatorial Guinea 12080 Gabon 12090 Sao Tome and Principe 12999 Middle Africa, other or n.s. 13000 Northern Africa 13010 Algeria 13011 Algeria/Tunisia 13020 Egypt 13021 Egypt/Sudan 13030 Libya 13040 Morocco 13050 Sudan 13060 Tunisia 13070 Western Sahara 13999 Northern Africa, other or n.s. 14000 Southern Africa 14010 Botswana 14020 Lesotho 14030 Namibia 14040 South Africa 14050 Swaziland 14999 Southern Africa, other or n.s. 15000 Western Africa 15010 Benin 15020 Burkina Faso 15021 Upper Volta 15030 Cape Verde 15040 Ivory Coast 15050 Gambia 15060 Ghana 15070 Guinea 15080 Guinea-Bissau 15081 Guinea-Bissau and Cape Verde 15090 Liberia 15100 Mali 15110 Mauritania 15120 Niger 15130 Nigeria 15140 St. Helena and Ascension 15150 Senegal 15160 Sierra Leone 15170 Togo 15180 Canary Islands 15999 West Africa, other or n.s. 19999 Africa, other or n.s. 20000 Americas 21000 Caribbean 21010 Anguilla 21020 Antigua-Barbuda 21030 Aruba 21040 Bahamas 21050 Barbados 21060 British Virgin Islands 21070 Cayman Isles 21080 Cuba 21090 Dominica 21100 Dominican Republic 21110 Grenada 21120 Guadeloupe 21130 Haiti 21140 Jamaica 21150 Martinique 21160 Montserrat 21170 Netherlands Antilles 21180 Puerto Rico 21190 St. Kitts-Nevis 21200 St. Croix 21210 St. John 21220 St. Lucia 21230 St Thomas 21240 St. Vincent 21250 Trinidad and Tobago 21260 Turks and Caicos 21270 U.S. Virgin Islands 21991 Caribbean commonwealth, n.s. 21999 Caribbean, other or n.s. 22000 Central America 22010 Belize/British Honduras 22020 Costa Rica 22030 El Salvador 22040 Guatemala 22050 Honduras 22060 Mexico 22070 Nicaragua 22080 Panama 22081 Panama Canal Zone 22999 Central America, other or n.s. 23000 South America 23010 Argentina 23020 Bolivia 23030 Brazil 23040 Chile 23050 Colombia 23060 Ecuador 23070 Falkland Islands 23080 French Guiana 23090 Guyana/British Guiana 23100 Paraguay 23110 Peru 23120 Suriname 23130 Uruguay 23140 Venezuela 23999 South America, other or n.s. 24000 North America 24010 Bermuda 24020 Canada 24030 Greenland 24040 United States 24999 North America, other or n.s. 29999 Americas, other or n.s. 30000 Asia 31000 Eastern Asia 31010 China 31011 Hong Kong 31012 Macau 31013 Taiwan 31020 Japan 31030 Korea 31031 Korea, DPR (North) 31032 Korea, RO (South) 31040 Mongolia 31999 Eastern Asia, other or n.s. 32000 South-Central Asia 32010 Afghanistan 32020 Bangladesh 32030 Bhutan 32040 India 32041 India/Pakistan 32042 India/Pakistan/Bangladesh/Sri Lanka 32050 Iran 32060 Kazakhstan 32070 Kyrgyzstan 32080 Maldives 32090 Nepal 32100 Pakistan 32101 Pakistan/Bangladesh 32110 Sri Lanka (Ceylon) 32120 Tajikistan 32130 Turkmenistan 32140 Uzbekistan 32999 South-Central Asia, other or n.s. 33000 South-Eastern Asia 33010 Brunei 33020 Cambodia (Kampuchea) 33030 East Timor 33040 Indonesia 33050 Laos 33060 Malaysia 33070 Myanmar (Burma) 33080 Philippines 33090 Singapore 33100 Thailand 33110 Vietnam 33999 South-Eastern Asia, other or n.s. 34000 Western Asia 34010 Armenia 34020 Azerbaijan 34030 Bahrain 34040 Cyprus 34050 Georgia 34051 Abkhazia 34052 South Ossetia 34060 Iraq 34070 Israel 34071 Israel/Palestine 34080 Jordan 34090 Kuwait 34100 Lebanon 34110 Palestine 34111 West Bank 34112 Gaza Strip 34120 Oman 34130 Qatar 34140 Saudi Arabia 34150 Syria 34151 Syria/Lebanon 34160 Turkey 34170 United Arab Emirates 34180 Yemen 34991 Middle East 34999 Western Asia, other or n.s. 39999 Asia, other or n.s. 40000 Europe 41000 Eastern Europe 41010 Belarus 41020 Bulgaria 41021 Bulgaria/Greece 41030 Czech Republic/Czechoslovakia 41040 Hungary 41050 Poland 41060 Moldova 41070 Romania 41080 Russia/USSR 41090 Slovakia 41100 Ukraine 41991 Albania, Bulgaria, Czech, Hungary, Romania, Yugoslavia 41992 Central-Eastern Europe 41999 Eastern Europe, other or n.s. 42000 Northern Europe 42010 Denmark 42020 Estonia 42030 Faroe Islands 42040 Finland 42050 Iceland 42060 Ireland 42070 Latvia 42080 Lithuania 42090 Norway 42100 Svalbard and Jan Mayen Islands 42110 Sweden 42120 United Kingdom 42999 Northern Europe, other or n.s. 43000 Southern Europe 43010 Albania 43020 Andorra 43030 Bosnia and Herzegovina 43040 Croatia 43050 Gibraltar 43060 Greece 43070 Italy 43071 Vatican City 43080 Malta 43090 Portugal 43100 San Marino 43110 Slovenia 43120 Spain 43121 Spain/Portugal 43130 Macedonia 43140 Yugoslavia 43141 Montenegro 43142 Serbia 43143 Kosovo 43144 Serbia and Montenegro 43991 Gibraltar/Malta 43992 Portugal/Greece 43993 Italy, Holy See, San Marino 43999 Southern Europe, other or n.s. 44000 Western Europe 44010 Austria 44020 Belgium 44021 Belgium/Luxemburg 44022 Belgium/Netherlands/Luxemburg 44030 France 44040 Germany 44042 West Germany 44043 Germany/Austria 44044 Mecklenburg-Schwerin 44050 Liechtenstein 44060 Luxembourg 44070 Monaco 44080 Netherlands 44090 Switzerland 44991 Belgium, Denmark, Luxembourg, Netherlands 44999 Western Europe, other or n.s. 49992 European Union 49993 European Union (original 15) 49994 Other European Union (not original 15) 49999 Europe, other or n.s. 50000 Oceania 51000 Australia and New Zealand 51010 Australia 51020 New Zealand 51030 Norfolk Islands 51999 Australia and New Zealand, n.s. 52000 Melanesia 52010 Fiji 52020 New Caledonia 52030 Papua New Guinea 52040 Solomon Islands 52050 Vanuatu (New Hebrides) 52999 Melanesia, n.s. 53000 Micronesia 53010 Kiribati 53020 Marshall Islands 53030 Nauru 53040 Northern Mariana Isls. 53050 Palau 53060 Federated States of Micronesia 53999 Micronesia, other or n.s. 54000 Polynesia 54010 Cook Islands 54020 French Polynesia 54030 Niue 54040 Pitcairn Island 54050 Western Samoa 54060 Eastern Samoa 54070 Tokelau 54080 Tonga 54090 Tuvalu 54100 Wallis and Futuna Isls. 54999 Polynesia, other or n.s. 55000 U.S. Pacific Possessions 55010 American Samoa 55020 Baker Island 55030 Guam 55040 Howland Island 55050 Johnston Atoll 55060 Kingman Reef 55070 Midway Islands 55080 Wake Island 55999 US Pacific, other or n.s. 59999 Oceania, other or n.s. 80000 AT SEA 90000 Other countries n.s. 99999 Unknown BPLCOUNTRY indicates the person's country of birth. IPUMS Citizenship 1 Citizen, not specified 2 Citizen by birth 3 Naturalized citizen 4 Not a citizen 5 Without citizenship, stateless 8 Unknown 9 NIU (not in universe) CITIZEN indicates the person's citizenship status within the country in which they were enumerated. IPUMS Year of immigration, categorized 000 NIU (not in universe) 001 1885 to 1889 002 1890 to 1894 003 1895 to 1899 004 1900 to 1904 005 1900 to 1917 006 1905 to 1909 007 1910 to 1914 008 1915 to 1919 009 Before 1918 010 1918 to 1944 011 1920 to 1924 012 1925 to 1929 013 1930 to 1934 014 Before 1931 015 1931 to 1940 016 1935 to 1939 017 Before 1943 018 1940 to 1944 019 1941 to 1950 020 Before 1946 021 1943 to 1946 022 1945 to 1949 023 1945 to 1961 024 1946 to 1955 025 1946 to 1960 026 1947 to 1953 027 Before 1948 028 1948 to 1955 029 1948 to 1964 030 Before 1950 031 Before 1951 032 1950 to 1954 033 1950 to 1959 034 1951 to 1960 035 1954 to 1958 036 1955 to 1959 037 1955 to 1960 038 1959 to 1960 039 Before 1960 040 Before 1961 041 1960 to 1964 042 1961 to 1963 043 1961 to 1964 044 1961 to 1970 045 1961 to 1971 046 1962 to 1974 047 1964 to 1965 048 1964 to 1966 049 1965 to 1969 050 1965 to 1971 051 1965 052 1966 053 1966 to 1968 054 1967 to 1969 055 1967 056 1968 057 1969 058 1969 to 1970 059 1970 to 1971 060 1970 to 1972 061 1970 to 1974 062 1970 063 1971 to 1980 064 1971 065 1972 to 1974 066 1972 to 1979 067 1972 to 1983 068 1975 to 1979 069 1975 to 1980 070 1975 to 1981 071 1980 to 1981 072 1980 to 1989 073 1981 to 1985 074 1981 to 1986 075 1981 to 1990 076 1982 to 1984 077 1982 to 1989 078 1985 to 1986 079 1986 080 1986 to 1991 081 1987 082 1987 to 1990 083 1988 084 1989 085 1990 to 1991 086 1990 to 1998 087 1991 to 1994 088 1991 to 1995 089 1991 to 1996 090 1991 to 2000 091 1992 to 1995 092 1992 to 2008 093 1995 to 1998 094 1996 to 2002 095 1999 to 2001 096 1999 to 2006 097 1999 to 2011 098 2001 to 2006 099 2001 to 2011 998 Unknown YRIMM2 indicates the calendar year that a foreign-born person came to live in their country of residence, categorized into intervals. IPUMS U.S. state of birth, Puerto Rico 01 Alabama 02 Alaska AK 04 Arizona AZ 05 Arkansas AR 06 California CA 08 Colorado CO 09 Connecticut CT 10 Delaware DE 11 District of Columbia DC 12 Florida FL 13 Georgia GA 15 Hawaii HI 17 Illinois IL 18 Indiana IN 19 Iowa IA 20 Kansas KS 21 Kentucky KY 22 Louisiana LA 23 Maine ME 24 Maryland MD 25 Massachusetts MA 26 Michigan MI 27 Minnesota MN 28 Mississippi MS 29 Missouri MO 30 Montana MT 31 Nebraska NE 32 Nevada NV 33 New Hampshire NH 34 New Jersey NJ 35 New Mexico NM 36 New York NY 37 North Carolina NC 38 North Dakota ND 39 Ohio OH 40 Oklahoma OK 41 Oregon OR 42 Pennsylvania PA 44 Rhode Island RI 45 South Carolina SC 46 South Dakota SD 47 Tennessee TN 48 Texas TX 49 Utah UT 50 Vermont VT 51 Virginia VA 53 Washington WA 54 West Virginia WV 55 Wisconsin WI 57 Wyoming WY 72 Puerto Rico 90 Other US, Outlying Areas and Territories 97 Foreign country 98 Unknown BPLPR indicates the person's United States state of birth for residents of Puerto Rico. IPUMS Speaks English 1 Yes 2 No 7 Does not speak 8 Unknown 9 NIU (not in universe) SPEAKENG indicates whether the respondent could speak English or if English was the respondent's language of literacy. IPUMS School attendance NIU (not in universe) 1 Yes 2 No, not specified 3 No, attended in the past 4 No, never attended 9 Unknown/missing SCHOOL indicates whether or not the person attended school at the time of the census or within some specified period of time prior to the census. IPUMS Literacy NIU (not in universe) 1 No, illiterate 2 Yes, literate 9 Unknown/missing LIT indicates whether or not the respondent could read and write in any language. A person is typically considered literate if he or she can both read and write. All other persons are illiterate, including those who can either read or write but cannot do both. IPUMS Educational attainment, international recode [general version] NIU (not in universe) 1 Less than primary completed 2 Primary completed 3 Secondary completed 4 University completed 9 Unknown EDATTAIN records the person's educational attainment in terms of the level of schooling completed (degree or other milestone). The emphasis on level completed is critical: a person attending the final year of secondary education receives the code for having completed lower secondary only -- and in some samples only primary. EDATTAIN does not necessarily reflect any particular country's definition of the various levels of schooling in terms of terminology or the number of years of schooling. EDATTAIN is an attempt to merge -- into a single, roughly comparable variable -- samples that provide degrees, ones that provide actual years of schooling, and those that have some of both. In addition to EDATTAIN, a country-specific education classification is provided which loses no information and reflects the particular educational system of that country (for example EDUCBR for Brazil, EDUCCL for Chile, and EDUCUS for the United States). As always, users can refer to the original education source variables for each sample, if they wish. Many samples also give single years of schooling completed, recorded in YRSCHOOL. Some samples provide educational information in a form that could not be incorporated into EDATTAIN. IPUMS Educational attainment, international recode [detailed version] 000 NIU (not in universe) 100 Less than primary completed (n.s.) 110 No schooling 120 Some primary completed 130 Primary (4 yrs) completed 211 Primary (5 yrs) completed 212 Primary (6 yrs) completed 221 Lower secondary general completed 222 Lower secondary technical completed 311 Secondary, general track completed 312 Some college completed 320 Secondary or post-secondary technical completed 321 Secondary, technical track completed 322 Post-secondary technical education 400 University completed 999 Unknown/missing EDATTAIN records the person's educational attainment in terms of the level of schooling completed (degree or other milestone). The emphasis on level completed is critical: a person attending the final year of secondary education receives the code for having completed lower secondary only -- and in some samples only primary. EDATTAIN does not necessarily reflect any particular country's definition of the various levels of schooling in terms of terminology or the number of years of schooling. EDATTAIN is an attempt to merge -- into a single, roughly comparable variable -- samples that provide degrees, ones that provide actual years of schooling, and those that have some of both. In addition to EDATTAIN, a country-specific education classification is provided which loses no information and reflects the particular educational system of that country (for example EDUCBR for Brazil, EDUCCL for Chile, and EDUCUS for the United States). As always, users can refer to the original education source variables for each sample, if they wish. Many samples also give single years of schooling completed, recorded in YRSCHOOL. Some samples provide educational information in a form that could not be incorporated into EDATTAIN. IPUMS Educational attainment, Puerto Rico 000 NIU (not in universe) 100 None 110 Nursery school 120 Kindergarten 200 Primary 210 Primary, grade 1 to 4 211 Primary, grade 1 212 Primary, grade 2 213 Primary, grade 3 214 Primary, grade 4 220 Primary, grade 5 to 8 221 Primary, grade 5 222 Primary, grade 6 223 Primary, grade 7 224 Primary, grade 8 300 High School (secondary) 301 High school, grade 9 302 High school, grade 10 303 High school, grade 11 305 High school, grade 12 306 High school graduate 307 High school graduate, regular diploma 308 High school graduate, GED or alternative credential 400 Post-secondary 401 Post-secondary, year 1 402 Post-secondary, year 2 403 Post-secondary, year 3 404 Post-secondary, year 4 405 Post-secondary, year 5 406 Post-secondary, year 6 410 Some college, no degree 420 University / College degree 421 Associate degree, type not specified 422 Associate degree, occupational 423 Associate degree, academic program 424 Bachelor's degree 425 Master's degree 426 Professional degree 427 Doctorate degree EDUCPR indicates the person's educational attainment in Puerto Rico in terms of the level of schooling completed. IPUMS Activity status (employment status) [general version] NIU (not in universe) 1 Employed 2 Unemployed 3 Inactive 9 Unknown/missing EMPSTAT indicates whether or not the respondent was part of the labor force -- working or seeking work -- over a specified period of time. Depending on the sample, EMPSTAT can also convey further information. The first digit of EMPSTAT is fully comparable, and classifies the population into three groups: employed, unemployed, and inactive. The combination of employed and unemployed yields the total labor force. The second and third digits of EMPSTAT preserve additional information available for some countries and census years but not for others. Employment status is sometimes referred to in other sources as "activity status". IPUMS Activity status (employment status) [detailed version] 000 NIU (not in universe) 100 Employed, not specified 110 At work 111 At work, and 'student' 112 At work, and 'housework' 113 At work, and 'seeking work' 114 At work, and 'retired' 115 At work, and 'no work' 116 At work, and other situation 117 At work, family holding, not specified 118 At work, family holding, not agricultural 119 At work, family holding, agricultural 120 Have job, not at work in reference period 130 Armed forces 131 Armed forces, at work 132 Armed forces, not at work in reference period 133 Military trainee 140 Marginally employed 200 Unemployed, not specified 201 Unemployed 6 or more months 202 Worked fewer than 6 months, permanent job 203 Worked fewer than 6 months, temporary job 210 Unemployed, experienced worker 220 Unemployed, new worker 230 No work available 240 Inactive unemployed 300 Inactive (not in labor force) 310 Housework 320 Unable to work, disabled or health reasons 321 Permanent disability 322 Temporary illness 323 Disabled or imprisoned 330 In school 340 Retirees and living on rent 341 Living on rents 342 Living on rents or pension 343 Retirees/pensioners 344 Retired 345 Pensioner 346 Non-retirement pension 347 Disability pension 348 Retired without benefits 350 Elderly 351 Elderly or disabled 360 Institutionalized 361 Prisoner 370 Intermittent worker 371 Not working, seasonal worker 372 Not working, occasional worker 380 Other income recipient 390 Inactive, other reasons 391 Too young to work 392 Dependent 999 Unknown/missing EMPSTAT indicates whether or not the respondent was part of the labor force -- working or seeking work -- over a specified period of time. Depending on the sample, EMPSTAT can also convey further information. The first digit of EMPSTAT is fully comparable, and classifies the population into three groups: employed, unemployed, and inactive. The combination of employed and unemployed yields the total labor force. The second and third digits of EMPSTAT preserve additional information available for some countries and census years but not for others. Employment status is sometimes referred to in other sources as "activity status". IPUMS Labor force participation 1 No, not in the labor force 2 Yes, in the labor force 8 Unknown 9 NIU (not in universe) LABFORCE is a dichotomous variable identifying whether a person participated in the labor force. Labor force participation generally means working or seeking work within a specified reference period. For most samples LABFORCE is a recode of EMPSTAT (employment status). A consistent lower age universe of 15 or older has been applied to increase comparability across samples. Full detail is retained in EMPSTAT, which should be used for any study of child labor. IPUMS Occupation, ISCO general 01 Legislators, senior officials and managers 02 Professionals 03 Technicians and associate professionals 04 Clerks 05 Service workers and shop and market sales 06 Skilled agricultural and fishery workers 07 Crafts and related trades workers 08 Plant and machine operators and assemblers 09 Elementary occupations 10 Armed forces 11 Other occupations, unspecified or n.e.c. 97 Response suppressed 98 Unknown 99 NIU (not in universe) OCCISCO records the person's primary occupation, coded according to the major categories in the International Standard Classification of Occupations (ISCO) scheme for 1988. For someone with more than one job, the primary occupation is typically the one in which the person had spent the most time or earned the most money. IPUMS Occupation, unrecoded OCC records the person's primary occupation, classified according to the system used by the respective national census office at the time. For someone with more than one job, the primary occupation is usually the one in which the person spent the most time or earned the most money, although this may not have been explicit in the instructions for a specific census. To ensure confidentiality, very small occupations are recoded to a residual category indicating the persons had an occupation, but the job title is not identified. The number of cases recoded should be too small to affect analyses. OCC is a 4-digit numeric variable. Some samples use fewer than 4 digits. In those cases, the data are right-justified, and the extra leading digits are padded with zeroes. CodesArgentina 1970 - Spanish Argentina 1980 - Spanish Argentina 1991 - Spanish Argentina 2001 - Spanish Armenia 2011 Austria 1971-2001 - German Belarus 1999 - Russian Belarus 2009 Benin 1979 Benin 1992 Benin 2002 Benin 2013 Bolivia 1976 Bolivia 1992 Bolivia 2001 Bolivia 2012 Botswana 1981 Botswana 1991 Botswana 2001 Botswana 2011 Brazil 1960 - Portuguese Brazil 1970 - Portuguese Brazil 1980 - Portuguese Brazil 1991 - Portuguese Brazil 2000 - Portuguese Brazil 2010 Burkina Faso 1985 Burkina Faso 1996 Cambodia 1998 Cambodia 2004 Cambodia 2008 Cambodia 2013 Cambodia 2019 Cameroon 1976 Cameroon 2005 Canada 1971 Canada 1981-1991 Canada 2001 Canada 2011 Chile 1960 Chile 1970 Chile 1982 Chile 1992 Chile 2002 China 1982 China 1990 China 2000 Colombia 1964 Colombia 1973 - Spanish Costa Rica 1973 Costa Rica 1984 Costa Rica 2000 Costa Rica 2011 Cote d'Ivoire 1988 Cote d'Ivoire 1998 Cuba 2002 Cuba 2012 Denmark 1845 Denmark 1880 Denmark 1885 Dominican Republic 1960 Dominican Republic 1970 Dominican Republic 1981 Dominican Republic 2002 Dominican Republic 2010 Ecuador 1962 Ecuador 1974 Ecuador 1982 Ecuador 1990 Ecuador 2001 Ecuador 2010 Egypt 1986 Egypt 2006 El Salvador 1992 El Salvador 2007 Ethiopia 1984 Ethiopia 1994 Fiji 1976 Fiji 1986 Fiji 1996 Fiji 2007 Fiji 2014 Finland 2010 France 1962-1990 - French France 1999 France 2006 France 2011 Germany 1970 Germany 1981 Germany 1987 Ghana 1984 Ghana 2000 Ghana 2010 Greece 1971-1991 - Greek Greece 2001 - Greek Greece 2011 Guatemala 1964 Guatemala 1973 Guatemala 1981 Guatemala 1994 Guatemala 2002 Guinea 1983 Guinea 1996 Guinea 2014 Haiti 1982 Haiti 2003 Honduras 1961 Honduras 1974 Honduras 1988 Honduras 2001 Hungary 1970-1990 Hungary 2001 Hungary 2011 India 1983-2004 India 2009 Indonesia 1971 Indonesia 1976 Indonesia 1980 Indonesia 1985 Indonesia 1990 Indonesia 1995 Indonesia 2005 Iran 2006 Iran 2011 Iraq 1997 Ireland 1901 Ireland 1911 Ireland 1971 Ireland 1981 Ireland 1986 Ireland 1991 Ireland 1996 Ireland 2002 Ireland 2006 Ireland 2011 Ireland 2016 Israel 1972 Israel 1983 Israel 1995 Israel 2008 Italy 2001 Italy 2011 Italy Surveys 2011-2020 Jamaica 1982 Jamaica 1991 Jamaica 2001 Jordan 2004 Kenya 1989 Kyrgyz Republic 1999 Laos 1995 Lesotho 1996 Lesotho 2006 Liberia 1974 Liberia 2008 Malawi 1987 Malawi 1998 Malawi 2008 Malaysia 1970 Malaysia 1980-1991 Malaysia 2000 Mali 1987 Mali 1998 Mali 2009 Mauritius 1990 Mauritius 2000 Mauritius 2011 Mexico 1960 - Spanish Mexico 1970 - Spanish Mexico 1990 - Spanish Mexico 1995 - Spanish Mexico 2000 - Spanish Mexico 2010 Mexico 2015 Mexico 2020 Mexico Surveys 2005-2020 Mongolia 2000 Morocco 1982 Morocco 1994 Morocco 2004 Morocco 2014 Mozambique 1997 Mozambique 2007 Myanmar 2014 Nepal 2001 Nepal 2011 Netherlands 1960 Netherlands 1971 Netherlands 2001 Netherlands 2011 Nicaragua 1971 Nicaragua 1995 Nicaragua 2005 Nigeria 2008 Nigeria 2009 Nigeria 2010 Pakistan 1973 Palestine 1997 Palestine 2007 Palestine 2017 Panama 1960 - Spanish Panama 1970 - Spanish Panama 1980 - Spanish Panama 1990 - Spanish Panama 2000 - Spanish Panama 2010 Papua New Guinea 1980 Papua New Guinea 1990 Papua New Guinea 2000 Paraguay 1962 Paraguay 1972 Paraguay 1982 Paraguay 1992 Paraguay 2002 Peru 1993 Peru 2007 Peru 2017 Philippines 1990 Philippines 2000 Philippines 2010 Poland 1978 Poland 1988 Poland 2002 Portugal 1981 - Portuguese Portugal 1991 - Portuguese Portugal 2001 - Portuguese Portugal 2011 Puerto Rico 1970 Puerto Rico 1980 Puerto Rico 1990 Puerto Rico 2000-2005 Puerto Rico 2010 Puerto Rico 2015 Puerto Rico 2020 Romania 1977 Romania 1992 Romania 2002 Romania 2011 Rwanda 2002 - French Rwanda 2012 Saint Lucia 1991 Senegal 1988 Senegal 2002 Senegal 2013 Slovak Republic 1991 Slovak Republic 2001 Slovak Republic 2011 Sierra Leone 2004 Sierra Leone 2015 Slovenia 2002 South Africa 1996 South Africa 2001 South Africa 2007 South Sudan 2008 Spain 1981 - Spanish Spain 1991 - Spanish Spain 2001 - Spanish Spain 2011 Spain Surveys 2005-2020 Sudan 2008 Suriname 2004 Suriname 2012 Switzerland 1970 Switzerland 1980 Switzerland 1990 Switzerland 2000 Switzerland 2011 Tanzania 1988 Tanzania 2002 Tanzania 2012 Thailand 1970 Thailand 1980 Thailand 1990 Thailand 2000 Togo 1960 Togo 1970 Togo 2010 Trinidad and Tobago 1990 Trinidad and Tobago 2000 Trinidad and Tobago 2011 Turkey 1985 Turkey 1990 Turkey 2000 Uganda 1991 Uganda 2002 Uganda 2014 United Kingdom 1961 United Kingdom 1971 United Kingdom 1991 United Kingdom 2001 United States 1960 United States 1970 United States 1980 United States 1990 United States 2000-2005 United States 2010 United States 2015 United States 2020 Uruguay 1963 Uruguay 1975 Uruguay 1996 Uruguay 2006 Venezuela 1981 Venezuela 1990 Venezuela 2001 - Spanish Vietnam 1989 Vietnam 1999 Vietnam 2009 Vietnam 2019 Zambia 1990 Zambia 2000 Zambia 2010 Zimbabwe 2012 IPUMS Industry, general recode 000 NIU (not in universe) 010 Agriculture, fishing, and forestry 020 Mining and extraction 030 Manufacturing 040 Electricity, gas, water and waste management 050 Construction 060 Wholesale and retail trade 070 Hotels and restaurants 080 Transportation, storage, and communications 090 Financial services and insurance 100 Public administration and defense 110 Services, not specified 111 Business services and real estate 112 Education 113 Health and social work 114 Other services 120 Private household services 130 Other industry, n.e.c. 998 Response suppressed 999 Unknown INDGEN recodes the industrial classifications of the various samples into twelve groups that can be fairly consistently identified across all available samples. The groupings roughly conform to the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC). The third digit of INDGEN retains important detail among the service industries that could not be consistently distinguished in all samples. "Industry" refers to the activity or product of the establishment or sector in which a person worked. IPUMS Industry, unrecoded "Industry" refers to the activity or product of the establishment or sector in which the person worked. IND is classified according to the system used by the respective national census office at the time, and is not recoded by IPUMS-International. IND is a 5-digit numeric variable. Some samples use fewer than 5 digits. In those cases, the data are right-justified, and the extra leading digits are padded with zeroes. CodesArgentina 1970 - Spanish Argentina 1980 - Spanish Argentina 1991 - Spanish Argentina 2001 - Spanish Armenia 2001 Armenia 2011 Austria 1971-2001 - German Austria 2011 Bangladesh 1991 Bangladesh 2001 Bangladesh 2011 Belarus 2009 Benin 1979 Benin 1992 Benin 2002 Benin 2013 Bolivia 1976 Bolivia 1992 Bolivia 2001 Bolivia 2012 Botswana 1981 Botswana 1991 Botswana 2001 Botswana 2011 Brazil 1960 - Portuguese Brazil 1970 - Portuguese Brazil 1980 - Portuguese Brazil 1991 - Portuguese Brazil 2000 - Portuguese Brazil 2010 Burkina Faso 1996 Cambodia 1998 Cambodia 2004 Cambodia 2008 Cambodia 2013 Cambodia 2019 Cameroon 2005 Canada 1971 Canada 1981 Canada 1991-2001 Canada 2011 Chile 1960 Chile 1970 Chile 1982 Chile 1992 Chile 2002 Chile 2017 China 1982 China 1990 China 2000 Colombia 1964 - Spanish Colombia 1973 - Spanish Colombia 1993 - Spanish Colombia 2005 - Spanish Costa Rica 1963 Costa Rica 1973 Costa Rica 1984 Costa Rica 2000 Costa Rica 2011 Cote d’Ivoire 1988 Cote d’Ivoire 1998 Cuba 2002 Cuba 2012 Dominican Republic 1960 Dominican Republic 1970 Dominican Republic 1981 Dominican Republic 2002 Dominican Republic 2010 Ecuador 1962 Ecuador 1982 Ecuador 1990 Ecuador 2001 Ecuador 2010 Egypt 1986 Egypt 1996 Egypt 2006 El Salvador 1992 El Salvador 2007 Ethiopia 1984 Ethiopia 1994 Fiji 1966 Fiji 1976 Fiji 1986 Fiji 1996 Fiji 2007 Fiji 2014 Finland 2010 France 1962-1968 - French France 1975-1982 - French France 1990 - French France 1999 France 2006 France 2011 Germany 1970 Germany 1971 Germany 1981 Germany 1987 Ghana 1984 Ghana 2000 Ghana 2010 Greece 1971 Greece 1981 Greece 1991-2001 Greece 2011 Guatemala 1964 Guatemala 1973 Guatemala 1981 Guatemala 1994 Guatemala 2002 Guinea 1983 Guinea 2014 Haiti 1971 Haiti 1982 Haiti 2003 Honduras 1961 Honduras 1974 Honduras 2001 Hungary 2001 Hungary 2011 India 1983 India 1987 India 1993 India 1999 India 2004 India 2009 Indonesia 1971 Indonesia 1976 Indonesia 1980 Indonesia 1985 Indonesia 1990 Indonesia 1995 Indonesia 2000 Indonesia 2005 Indonesia 2010 Iran 2006 Iran 2011 Iraq 1997 Ireland 1971 Ireland 1981 Ireland 1986 Ireland 1991 Ireland 1996 Ireland 2002 Ireland 2006 Ireland 2011 Ireland 2016 Israel 1972 Israel 1983 Israel 1995 Israel 2008 Italy 2001 Italy 2011 Italy Surveys 2011-2013 Italy Surveys 2014-2020 Jamaica 1982 Jamaica 1991 Jamaica 2001 Jordan 2004 Kyrgyz Republic 1999 Kyrgyz Republic 2009 Laos 1995 Laos 2005 Laos 2015 Lesotho 2006 Liberia 1974 Liberia 2008 Malawi 1987 Malawi 1998 Malawi 2008 Malaysia 1970 Malaysia 1980-1991 Malaysia 2000 Mali 1987 Mali 1998 Mali 2009 Mauritius 1990 Mauritius 2000 Mauritius 2011 Mexico 1960 - Spanish Mexico 1970 - Spanish Mexico 1990 - Spanish Mexico 1995 - Spanish Mexico 2000 - Spanish Mexico 2010 Mexico 2015 Mexico 2020 Mexico surveys 2005-2019 Morocco 1982 Morocco 1994 Morocco 2004 Morocco 2014 Mozambique 1997 Mozambique 2007 Myanmar 2014 Nepal 2001 Nepal 2011 Netherlands 1960 Netherlands 1971 Netherlands 2001 Netherlands 2011 Nicaragua 1971 Nicaragua 1995 Nicaragua 2005 Nigeria 2006 Nigeria 2007 Nigeria 2008 Nigeria 2009 Nigeria 2010 Pakistan 1973 Palestine 1997 Palestine 2007 Palestine 2017 Panama 1960 - Spanish Panama 1970-1980 - Spanish Panama 1990-2000 - Spanish Panama 2010 Papua New Guinea 1980 Papua New Guinea 2000 Paraguay 1962 Paraguay 1972 Paraguay 1982 Paraguay 1992 Paraguay 2002 Peru 1993 Peru 2007 Peru 2017 Philippines 1990 Philippines 1995 Philippines 2000 Philippines 2010 Poland 1978 Poland 2002 Portugal 1981 - Portuguese Portugal 1991-2001 - Portuguese Portugal 2011 Puerto Rico 1970-2005 Puerto Rico 2010 Puerto Rico 2015 Puerto Rico 2020 Romania 1977 Romania 1992 Romania 2002 Romania 2011 Rwanda 2002 - French Rwanda 2012 Saint Lucia 1991 Senegal 1988 Senegal 2013 Sierra Leone 2004 South Africa 1996 South Africa 2001-2007 South Sudan 2008 Spain 1981 - Spanish Spain 1991 - Spanish Spain 2001 - Spanish Spain 2011 Spain Surveys 2005-2020 Sudan 2008 Suriname 2004 Suriname 2012 Switzerland 1970-2000 Switzerland 2011 Tanzania 2002 Tanzania 2012 Thailand 1970 Thailand 1980 Thailand 1990 Thailand 2000 Togo 1970 Togo 2010 Trinidad and Tobago 1980 Trinidad and Tobago 1990 Trinidad and Tobago 2000 Turkey 1985 Turkey 1990 Turkey 2000 Uganda 2002 United Kingdom 1961 United Kingdom 1971 United Kingdom 1991 United Kingdom 2001 United States 1960 United States 1970 United States 1980 United States 1990 United States 2000-2005 United States 2010 United States 2015 United States 2020 Uruguay 1963 Uruguay 1985 Uruguay 1996 Uruguay 2006 Venezuela 1981 Venezuela 1990 Venezuela 2001 - Spanish Vietnam 1989 Vietnam 1999 Vietnam 2009 Vietnam 2019 Zambia 1990 Zambia 2000 Zambia 2010 IPUMS Status in employment (class of worker) [general version] NIU (not in universe) 1 Self-employed 2 Wage/salary worker 3 Unpaid worker 4 Other 9 Unknown/missing CLASSWK refers to the status of an economically active person with respect to his or her employment -- that is, the type of explicit or implicit contract of employment with other persons or organizations that the person has in his/her job. In general, the variable indicates whether a person was self-employed, or worked for someone else, either for pay or as an unpaid family worker. CLASSWK is related to EMPSTAT, which is used to define the universe in many samples. Class of worker is often referred to as "status in employment" in other sources. IPUMS Status in employment (class of worker) [detailed version] 000 NIU (not in universe) 100 Self-employed 101 Self-employed, unincorporated 102 Self-employed, incorporated 110 Employer 111 Sharecropper, employer 120 Working on own account 121 Own account, agriculture 122 Domestic worker, self-employed 123 Subsistence worker, own consumption 124 Own account, other 125 Own account, without temporary/unpaid help 126 Own account, with temporary/unpaid help 130 Member of cooperative 140 Sharecropper 141 Sharecropper, self-employed 142 Sharecropper, employee 150 Kibbutz member 199 Self-employed, not specified 200 Wage/salary worker 201 Management 202 Non-management 203 White collar (non-manual) 204 Blue collar (manual) 205 White or blue collar 206 Day laborer 207 Employee, with a permanent job 208 Employee, occasional, temporary, contract 209 Employee without legal contract 210 Wage/salary worker, private employer 211 Apprentice 212 Religious worker 213 Wage/salary worker, non-profit, NGO 214 White collar, private 215 Blue collar, private 216 Paid family worker 217 Cooperative employee 220 Wage/salary worker, government 221 Federal, government employee 222 State government employee 223 Local government employee 224 White collar, public 225 Blue collar, public 226 Public companies 227 Civil servants, local collectives 230 Domestic worker (work for private household) 240 Seasonal migrant 241 Seasonal migrant, no broker 242 Seasonal migrant, uses broker 250 Other wage and salary 251 Canal zone/commission employee 252 Government employment/training program 253 Mixed state/private enterprise/parastatal 254 Government public work program 255 State enterprise employee 256 Coordinated and continuous collaboration job 300 Unpaid worker 310 Unpaid family worker 320 Apprentice, unpaid or unspecified 330 Trainee 340 Apprentice or trainee 350 Works for others without wage 400 Other 999 Unknown/missing CLASSWK refers to the status of an economically active person with respect to his or her employment -- that is, the type of explicit or implicit contract of employment with other persons or organizations that the person has in his/her job. In general, the variable indicates whether a person was self-employed, or worked for someone else, either for pay or as an unpaid family worker. CLASSWK is related to EMPSTAT, which is used to define the universe in many samples. Class of worker is often referred to as "status in employment" in other sources. IPUMS Months worked last year 00 Less than one month 01 1 month 02 2 months 03 3 months 04 4 months 05 5 months 06 6 months 07 7 months 08 8 months 09 9 months 10 10 months 11 11 months 12 12 months 98 Not reported/unknown 99 NIU (not in universe) WRKMTHS gives the number of months that the respondent worked for profit, pay, or as an unpaid family worker during the previous year. IPUMS Hours worked per week 000 0 hours 001 1 hour 002 2 hours 003 3 hours 004 4 hours 005 5 hours 006 6 hours 007 7 hours 008 8 hours 009 9 hours 010 10 hours 011 11 hours 012 12 hours 013 13 hours 014 14 hours 015 15 hours 016 16 hours 017 17 hours 018 18 hours 019 19 hours 020 20 hours 021 21 hours 022 22 hours 023 23 hours 024 24 hours 025 25 hours 026 26 hours 027 27 hours 028 28 hours 029 29 hours 030 30 hours 031 31 hours 032 32 hours 033 33 hours 034 34 hours 035 35 hours 036 36 hours 037 37 hours 038 38 hours 039 39 hours 040 40 hours 041 41 hours 042 42 hours 043 43 hours 044 44 hours 045 45 hours 046 46 hours 047 47 hours 048 48 hours 049 49 hours 050 50 hours 051 51 hours 052 52 hours 053 53 hours 054 54 hours 055 55 hours 056 56 hours 057 57 hours 058 58 hours 059 59 hours 060 60 hours 061 61 hours 062 62 hours 063 63 hours 064 64 hours 065 65 hours 066 66 hours 067 67 hours 068 68 hours 069 69 hours 070 70 hours 071 71 hours 072 72 hours 073 73 hours 074 74 hours 075 75 hours 076 76 hours 077 77 hours 078 78 hours 079 79 hours 080 80 hours 081 81 hours 082 82 hours 083 83 hours 084 84 hours 085 85 hours 086 86 hours 087 87 hours 088 88 hours 089 89 hours 090 90 hours 091 91 hours 092 92 hours 093 93 hours 094 94 hours 095 95 hours 096 96 hours 097 97 hours 098 98 hours 099 99 hours 100 100 hours 101 101 hours 102 102 hours 103 103 hours 104 104 hours 105 105 hours 106 106 hours 107 107 hours 108 108 hours 109 109 hours 110 110 hours 111 111 hours 112 112 hours 113 113 hours 114 114 hours 115 115 hours 116 116 hours 117 117 hours 118 118 hours 119 119 hours 120 120 hours 121 121 hours 122 122 hours 123 123 hours 124 124 hours 125 125 hours 126 126 hours 127 127 hours 128 128 hours 129 129 hours 130 130 hours 131 131 hours 132 132 hours 133 133 hours 134 134 hours 135 135 hours 136 136 hours 137 137 hours 138 138 hours 139 139 hours 140 140+ hours 998 Unknown 999 NIU (not in universe) HRSWORK1 indicates the number of hours the respondent worked per week at all jobs. IPUMS Hours worked per week, categorized None 1 1 to 14 hours (except tt1980, tt1990 and tt2000) 2 15 to 29 hours (except de1970, ps2017, tt1980, tt1990, tt2000, and ve1971) 3 30 to 39 hours (except de1970, ps2017, tt1980, tt1990, tt2000, and ve1971) 4 40-48 hours (except il1972, tt1980, tt1990, and tt2000) 5 49 hours or more (except il1972 and tt2000) 8 Unknown 9 NIU (not in universe) HRSWORK2 indicates the number of hours the respondent worked per week at all jobs, categorized into intervals. IPUMS Usual hours worked per week 000 0 hours 001 1 hour 002 2 hours 003 3 004 4 005 5 006 6 007 7 008 8 009 9 010 10 011 11 012 12 013 13 014 14 015 15 016 16 017 17 018 18 019 19 020 20 021 21 022 22 023 23 024 24 025 25 026 26 027 27 028 28 029 29 030 30 031 31 032 32 033 33 034 34 035 35 036 36 037 37 038 38 039 39 040 40 041 41 042 42 043 43 044 44 045 45 046 46 047 47 048 48 049 49 050 50 051 51 052 52 053 53 054 54 055 55 056 56 057 57 058 58 059 59 060 60 061 61 062 62 063 63 064 64 065 65 066 66 067 67 068 68 069 69 070 70 071 71 072 72 073 73 074 74 075 75 076 76 077 77 078 78 079 79 080 80 081 81 082 82 083 83 084 84 085 85 086 86 087 87 088 88 089 89 090 90 091 91 092 92 093 93 094 94 095 95 096 96 097 97 098 98 099 99 100 100 101 101 102 102 103 103 104 104 105 105 106 106 107 107 108 108 109 109 110 110 111 111 112 112 113 113 114 114 115 115 116 116 117 117 118 118 119 119 120 120 121 121 122 122 123 123 124 124 125 125 126 126 127 127 128 128 129 129 130 130 131 131 132 132 133 133 134 134 135 135 136 136 137 137 138 138 139 139 140 140+ hours 997 Inconsistent or irregular work schedule 998 Unknown 999 NIU (Not in universe) HRSUSUAL1 indicates the usual number of hours the respondent works in a typical week across all jobs or in their main job. IPUMS Usual hours worked per week, categorized None 1 1 to 14 hours (except ca1971) 2 15 to 29 hours (except de1970, ca1971) 3 30 to 39 hours (except de1970) 4 40-48 hours (except il1972-1995, ca1971, pt1991-2011) 5 49 hours or more (except il1972 and ca1971) 7 Inconsistent or irregular work schedule 8 Unknown 9 NIU (not in universe) HRSUSUAL2 indicates the usual number of hours the respondent worked per week at all jobs or in their main job, categorized into intervals. IPUMS Available to work 1 Yes 2 No 8 Unknown 9 NIU (Not in universe) WRKAVAIL indicates whether a person is available to work (readiness) within a short period of time. IPUMS Means of transportation to work or school 00 NIU (not in universe) 10 None, does not travel to work or school 20 Walking 21 Walks or bicycle 22 Walks, bicycle, or motorcycle 30 Private vehicle 31 Auto, truck, van 32 Auto (driver) 33 Auto (passenger) 34 Auto, motorcycle, moped 35 Motorcycle, moped, or scooter 36 Bicycle 37 Bicycle or motorcycle/moped 38 Boat 40 Public transportation 41 Bus or trolley bus 42 Bus or streetcar 43 Streetcar or trolley car 44 Railroad or train 45 Subway or elevated train 46 Other public transportation 50 Other 51 Taxicab 52 Ferryboat 53 Special transportation (company coach, school bus, etc.) 54 Hired transport 55 Shared private transport 56 Horse or animal-drawn vehicle 57 Other, not elsewhere classified 60 Combination of several means 99 Unknown/missing TRNWRK identifies the primary or usual means of transportation the person took either to work or school. In censuses in which a person could report multiple modes of transportation, TRNWRK includes only the first response. IPUMS Total income INCTOT reports the person's total personal income from all sources in the previous month or year. INCTOT is a 7-digit numeric variable. Codes9999998 = Unknown/missing. 9999999 = NIU (not in universe). Top codes:Brazil 1991: 9,999,997+ Canada 1971: 50,000+ females in Atlantic region; 75,000+ for others Canada 1981: 75,000+ all females, males in Atlantic region; 100,000+ males other regions Canada 1991-2001: 200,000+ Dominican Republic 1981: 3,000+ Dominican Republic 2002: 500,000+ Indonesia 1976: 600,000+ Mexico 1970: 5,500,000+ Panama 2010: 10,000+ Puerto Rico 1980: 50,000+ South Africa 1996: 360,001+ South Africa 2001-2011: 2,457,601+ Trinidad and Tobago 1970: 1,200+ Trinidad and Tobago 2000: 13,000+ U.S.A. 1960: 25,000+ U.S.A. 1970: 50,000+ U.S.A. 1980: 75,000+ U.S.A. 1990: State median of values over 400,000 U.S.A. 2000: 999,998+ Bottom codes:Canada 1981-2001: -50,000 Puerto Rico 2005-2020: -19,998 U.S.A. 1960: -9,900 U.S.A. 1970: -9,900 U.S.A. 1980: -9,995 U.S.A. 1990, 2005-2020: -19,998 U.S.A. 2000: -20,000 IPUMS Earned income INCEARN reports the person's total income from their labor (from wages, a business, or a farm) in the previous month or year. INCEARN is an 8-digit numeric variable. Codes99999998 = Unknown/missing. 99999999 = NIU (not in universe). Top codes:Canada 1971: 50,000+ Canada 1981: 75,000+ Canada 2001: 200,000+ Israel 1972: 16,000+ Israel 2008: 275,653+ Mexico 1990: 90,000,000+ Mexico 2000: 999,998+ Mexico 2010-2020: 1,000,000+ Panama 2000: 9,997+ Puerto Rico 1990: 999,999+ Puerto Rico 2000: 310,000+ U.S.A. 1990: State median of values over 284,000 U.S.A. 2000: 310,000+ U.S.A. 2005: 9,999,999+ Venezuela 1971: 2000+ Bottom codes:Canada 1981-2001: -50,000 Puerto Rico 1990-2020: -9,999 U.S.A. 1990: -19,996 U.S.A. 2000-2005, 2015-2020: -9,999 U.S.A. 2010: -9,900 IPUMS Wage and salary income INCWAGE reports the respondent's weekly, monthly or annual wage and salary income. INCWAGE is a 7-digit numeric variable. Codes9999998 = Unknown/missing. 9999999 = NIU (not in universe). Top codes:Israel 1983: 74,716+ Israel 1995: 20,000+ Canada 1971: 50,000+ females in Atlantic region; 75,000+ for others Canada 1981: 75,000+ all females, males in Atlantic region; 100,000+ males other regions Canada 1991-2001: 200,000+ Dominican Republic 1981: 2000+ Germany 1970: 2,500+ Indonesia 1995: 9,999,997+ Italy Surveys 2011-2020: 3000+ Jamaica 1982: 100,000+ Jamaica 1991: 100,000+ Jamaica 2001: 3,000,000+ Panama 1970: 800+ Panama 2000: 9,997+ Panama 2010: 10,000+ Puerto Rico 1970-1980: 50,000+ Puerto Rico 1990: 140,000+ Puerto Rico 2000: 175,000+ Puerto Rico 2005: 999,999+ Puerto Rico 2010: 173,000+ Puerto Rico 2015-2020: 99.5th percentile in the state (higher values are the state means of all cases above these cutoffs.) Trinidad and Tobago 2000: 55,000+ U.S.A. 1960: 25,000+ U.S.A. 1970: 50,000+ U.S.A. 1980: 75,000+ U.S.A. 1990: State median of values over 140,000 U.S.A. 2000: State median of values over 175,000 U.S.A. 2005-2020: 99.5th percentile within each state (higher values are the state means of all cases above these cutoffs.) IPUMS Self-employment income INCSELF indicates the respondent's monthly or annual income from self-employment (farm and business). INCSELF is a 6-digit numeric variable. Codes999998 = Unknown/missing. 999999 = NIU (not in universe). Country-specific codes Israel 1995 Top codes:Canada 1971: 50,000+ females in Atlantic region; 75,000+ for others Canada 1981: 75,000+ all females, males in Atlantic region; 100,000+ males other regions Canada 1991-2001: 200,000+ Israel 1995: 40,000+ Israel 2008: 279,950+ Panama 2000: 9,997+ Panama 2010: 5,000+ Puerto Rico 1980: 50,000 Puerto Rico 1990: 64,146 Puerto Rico 2000: 367,000 (median of values over 126,000) Puerto Rico 2005 - 2020: 99.5th percentile in each state Trinidad and Tobago 2000: 11,000+ U.S.A. 1970: 50,000 U.S.A. 1980: 75,000 U.S.A. 1990: 171,250 U.S.A. 2000: 126,000 (State median of values over 126,000) U.S.A. 2005 - 2020: 99.5th percentile in each state Bottom codes:Canada 1981-2001: -50,000 Puerto Rico 1970: 0. Puerto Rico 1980: -9,995 Puerto Rico 1990: -4,999 Puerto Rico 2000: -10,000 Puerto Rico 2005 - 2020: -9,999 U.S.A. 1970: -9,900 U.S.A. 1980: -9,995 U.S.A. 1990: -9,999 U.S.A. 2000: -10,000 U.S.A. 2005 - 2020: -9,999 IPUMS Income from anti-poverty or welfare programs INCWEL reports the monthly or annual income the respondent received from anti-poverty or welfare programs. INCWEL is a 6-digit numeric variable. Codes999998 = Unknown/missing. 999999 = NIU (not in universe). Top codes:Israel 1995: 3,000+ U.S.A. 1980: 9,995+ U.S.A. 1990: 10,000+ U.S.A. 2000: State mean of values over 12,300 Puerto Rico 2000: 21,000+ IPUMS Retirement or pension income INCRET reports the amount of income the respondent received from a retirement program or account, or from a pension. The amounts are provided on a monthly or annual basis, depending on the sample. INCRET is a 6-digit numeric variable. Codes999998 = Unknown/missing. 999999 = NIU (not in universe). Top codes:Panama 2000: 9997+ U.S.A. 1990: State median of values over 30,000 U.S.A. 2000: State median of values over 52,000 U.S.A. 2005: State median of values over 41,000 U.S.A. 2010-2020: 99.5th percentile within each state (higher values are the state means of all cases above these cutoffs). Puerto Rico 1990: State median of values over 20,000 Puerto Rico 2000: Mean of values over 52,000 Puerto Rico 2005: Mean of values above the 99.5th percentile Puerto Rico 2010: 47,400+ Puerto Rico 2015, 2020: 99.5th percentile within the state (higher values are the state means of all cases above these cutoffs). Trinidad and Tobago 2000: 4000+ IPUMS Country of residence 5 years ago 00000 NIU (not in universe) 10000 Africa 11000 Eastern Africa 11010 Burundi 11020 Comoros 11030 Djibouti 11040 Eritrea 11050 Ethiopia 11060 Kenya 11070 Madagascar 11080 Malawi 11090 Mauritius 11100 Mozambique 11110 Reunion 11120 Rwanda 11130 Seychelles 11140 Somalia 11150 South Sudan 11160 Uganda 11170 Tanzania 11180 Zambia 11190 Zimbabwe 11999 Eastern Africa, n.s. 12000 Middle Africa 12010 Angola 12020 Cameroon 12030 Central African Republic 12040 Chad 12050 Congo 12060 Democratic Republic of Congo 12070 Equatorial Guinea 12080 Gabon 12090 Sao Tome and Principe 12999 Middle Africa, n.s. 13000 Northern Africa 13010 Algeria 13020 Egypt/United Arab Rep. 13030 Libya 13040 Morocco 13050 Sudan 13060 Tunisia 13070 Western Sahara 13999 Northern Africa, n.s. 14000 Southern Africa 14010 Botswana 14020 Lesotho 14030 Namibia 14040 South Africa 14050 Swaziland 14999 Southern Africa, n.s. 15000 Western Africa 15010 Benin 15020 Burkina Faso 15030 Cape Verde 15040 Ivory Coast 15050 Gambia 15060 Ghana 15070 Guinea 15080 Guinea-Bissau 15090 Liberia 15100 Mali 15110 Mauritania 15120 Niger 15130 Nigeria 15140 St. Helena and Ascension 15150 Senegal 15160 Sierra Leone 15170 Togo 15999 Western Africa, n.s. 19999 Africa, n.s. 20000 Americas 21000 Caribbean 21010 Anguilla 21020 Antigua-Barbuda 21030 Aruba 21040 Bahamas 21050 Barbados 21060 British Virgin Islands 21070 Cayman Isles 21080 Cuba 21090 Dominica 21100 Dominican Republic 21110 Grenada 21120 Guadeloupe 21130 Haiti 21140 Jamaica 21150 Martinique 21160 Montserrat 21170 Netherlands Antilles 21180 Puerto Rico 21190 St. Kitts-Nevis 21200 St. Croix 21210 St. John 21220 St. Lucia 21230 St. Thomas 21240 St. Vincent 21250 Trinidad and Tobago 21260 Turks and Caicos 21270 U.S. Virgin Islands 21280 Curacao 21290 Sint Maarten 21999 Caribbean, n.s. 22000 Central America 22010 Belize/British Honduras 22020 Costa Rica 22030 El Salvador 22040 Guatemala 22050 Honduras 22060 Mexico 22070 Nicaragua 22080 Panama 22081 Panama Canal Zone 22990 Central America, n.s. 22991 Central America and Caribbean 23000 South America 23010 Argentina 23020 Bolivia 23030 Brazil 23040 Chile 23050 Colombia 23060 Ecuador 23070 Falkland Islands 23080 French Guiana 23090 Guyana/British Guiana 23100 Paraguay 23110 Peru 23120 Suriname 23130 Uruguay 23140 Venezuela 23999 South America, n.s. 24000 North America 24010 Bermuda 24020 Canada 24030 Greenland 24040 United States 24041 U.S. Outlying Areas and Territories 24999 North or Central America, n.s. 29999 Americas, n.s. 30000 Asia 31000 Eastern Asia 31010 China 31011 Hong Kong 31012 Macau 31013 Taiwan 31020 Japan 31030 Korea 31031 Korea, DPR (North) 31032 Korea, RO (South) 31040 Mongolia 32000 South-Central Asia 32010 Afghanistan 32020 Bangladesh 32030 Bhutan 32040 India 32050 Iran 32060 Kazakhstan 32070 Kyrgyzstan 32080 Maldives 32090 Nepal 32100 Pakistan 32110 Sri Lanka (Ceylon) 32120 Tajikistan 32130 Turkmenistan 32140 Uzbekistan 32900 South Asia, not specified 33000 South-Eastern Asia 33010 Brunei 33020 Cambodia (Kampuchea) 33030 East Timor 33040 Indonesia 33050 Laos 33060 Malaysia 33070 Myanmar (Burma) 33080 Philippines 33090 Singapore 33100 Thailand 33110 Vietnam 33900 South-Eastern Asia, not specified 34000 Western Asia 34010 Armenia 34020 Azerbaijan 34030 Bahrain 34040 Cyprus 34050 Georgia 34060 Iraq 34070 Israel 34080 Jordan 34090 Kuwait 34100 Lebanon 34110 Palestine 34120 Oman 34130 Qatar 34140 Saudi Arabia 34150 Syria 34151 Syria/Lebanon 34160 Turkey 34170 United Arab Emirates 34180 Yemen 34999 Middle East, n.e.c. 39999 Asia, n.s. 40000 Europe 41000 Eastern Europe 41010 Belarus 41020 Bulgaria 41030 Czech Republic 41040 Hungary 41050 Poland 41060 Moldova 41070 Romania 41080 Russia/USSR 41090 Slovakia 41100 Ukraine 41999 Eastern Europe, n.e.c. 42000 Northern Europe 42010 Denmark 42020 Estonia 42030 Faroe Islands 42040 Finland 42050 Iceland 42060 Ireland 42070 Latvia 42080 Lithuania 42090 Norway 42110 Sweden 42120 United Kingdom 42199 Scandinavia 42999 Northern Europe, n.e.c. 43000 Southern Europe 43010 Albania 43020 Andorra 43030 Bosnia 43040 Croatia 43050 Gibraltar 43060 Greece 43070 Italy 43080 Malta 43090 Portugal 43100 San Marino 43110 Slovenia 43120 Spain 43130 Macedonia 43140 Yugoslavia 43141 Montenegro 43142 Serbia 43143 Kosovo 43999 Southern Europe, n.s. 44000 Western Europe 44010 Austria 44020 Belgium 44021 Belgium/Luxembourg 44022 Benelux (Belgium/Netherlands/Luxembourg) 44030 France 44040 Germany 44050 Liechtenstein 44060 Luxembourg 44070 Monaco 44080 Netherlands 44090 Switzerland 44999 Western Europe, n.e.c. 49999 Europe, n.s. 50000 Oceania 51000 Australia and New Zealand 51010 Australia 51020 New Zealand 51030 Norfolk Islands 51999 Australia and New Zealand, n.s. 52000 Melanesia 52010 Fiji 52020 New Caledonia 52030 Papua New Guinea 52040 Solomon Islands 52050 Vanuatu (New Hebrides) 52999 Melanesia, n.e.c. 53000 Micronesia 53010 Kiribati 53020 Marshall Islands 53030 Nauru 53040 Northern Mariana Isls. 53050 Palau 53999 Micronesia, n.e.c. 54000 Polynesia 54010 Cook Islands 54020 French Polynesia 54030 Niue 54040 Pitcairn Island 54050 Samoa 54060 Tokelau 54070 Tonga 54080 Tuvalu 54090 Wallis and Futuna Isls. 54999 Polynesia, n.e.c. 59999 Oceania, n.s. 60000 Other 60010 Other Arab country 90000 Non-migrants (international) 99998 Response suppressed 99999 Unknown MIGCTRY5 indicates the country of residence 5 years ago for international migrants. Persons who did not live abroad 5 years earlier are coded to the "non-migrant" category. IPUMS Years residing in current dwelling 00 Less than 1 year 01 1 year 02 2 years 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 64 64 65 65 66 66 67 67 68 68 69 69 70 70 71 71 72 72 73 73 74 74 75 75 76 76 77 77 78 78 79 79 80 80 81 81 82 82 83 83 84 84 85 85 86 86 87 87 88 88 89 89 90 90 91 91 92 92 93 93 94 94 95 95 or more 98 Unknown 99 NIU (not in universe) MIGYRS2 indicates the number of years that the respondent has lived in his/her current dwelling. IPUMS Personal care limitation NIU (not in universe) 1 Yes, personal care limitation 2 No personal care limitation 9 Unknown DISCARE indicates whether the respondent had any permanent condition that made it difficult for him/her to take care of their personal needs. IPUMS Independent mobility difficulty NIU (not in universe) 1 Mobility limited 2 No mobility limitation 8 Unknown DISINDEP indicates whether the respondent had any permanent physical or mental health condition that made it difficult or impossible to be independently mobile. This did not include temporary health problems. IPUMS Work disability NIU (not in universe) 1 No disability that affects work 2 Disability causes difficulty or limits work 3 Disability prevents work DISWORK indicates whether the respondent had any lasting physical or mental health condition, that either limited the amount or type of work they could do or prevented them from working altogether. This did not include temporary health conditions. IPUMS Person number (within household) Puerto Rico 1990: All persons 00 Household record 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 This variable indicates the person number (within household). IPUMS Person number in sample unit Puerto Rico 1990: All persons 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 This variable indicates all persons within each household consecutively in the order in which they appear on the original census or survey form. IPUMS Person weight Puerto Rico 1990: All persons This variable indicates how many persons in the U.S. population are represented by a given person in an IPUMS sample. This is a 4-digit numeric variable with 0 implied decimal places IPUMS Mother's location in the household Puerto Rico 1990: All persons 00 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 This variable indicates whether the person's mother lived in the same household and, if so, gives the person number of the mother. IPUMS Probable step/adopted mother Puerto Rico 1990: All persons No stepmother present 1 Improbable age difference 2 Spouse of father 3 Identified stepmother This variable indicates whether a person's mother is likely to be the person's stepmother or adoptive mother. IPUMS Rule for linking mother Puerto Rico 1990: All persons No mother link 1 Unambiguous mother link 2 Daughter/grandchild link 3 Preceding female (no intervening person) 7 Spouse of father becomes stepmother This variable indicates why the IPUMS variable MOMLOC linked the person to a probable mother. IPUMS Father's location in the household Puerto Rico 1990: All persons 00 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 This variable indicates whether the person's father lived in the same household and, if so, gives the person number of the father. IPUMS Probable step/adopted father Puerto Rico 1990: All persons No stepfather present 1 Improbable age difference 2 Spouse of mother 3 Identified stepfather This variable indicates whether a person's father is likely to be the person's stepfather or adoptive father. IPUMS Rule for linking father Puerto Rico 1990: All persons No father link 1 Unambiguous father link 2 Son/granchild link 3 Preceding male (no intervening person) 7 Husband of mother becomes stepfather This variable indicates the reason why the IPUMS variable POPLOC linked the person to a probable father. IPUMS Spouse's location in household Puerto Rico 1990: All persons 00 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 This variable indicates whether the person's spouse lived in the same household and, if so, gives the person number of the spouse. IPUMS Rule for linking spouse Puerto Rico 1990: All persons No spouse link 1 Wife follows husband 2 Wife precedes husband 3 Non-adjacent links -- consistent relationship to head/age differences 4 Adjacent links (wife follows husband -- no age, other relative conflicts) 5 Adjacent links (wife precedes husband -- no age, other relative conflicts) This variable indicates the reason why the IPUMS variable POPLOC linked the person to a probable spouse. IPUMS Number of own family members in household Puerto Rico 1990: All persons 01 1 family member present 02 2 family members present 03 3 family members present 04 4 family members present 05 5 family members present 06 6 family members present 07 7 family members present 08 8 family members present 09 9 family members present 10 10 family members present 11 11 family members present 12 12 family members present 13 13 family members present 14 14 family members present 15 15 family members present 16 16 family members present This variable indicates the number of own family members residing with each individual, including the person her/himself. IPUMS Number of own children in the household Puerto Rico 1990: All persons 0 children present 1 1 child present 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 7 7 8 8 9 9+ This variable indicates the number of own children (of any age or marital status) residing with each individual. IPUMS Number of own children under age 5 in household Puerto Rico 1990: All persons No children under age 5 1 1 child under age 5 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 This variable indicates the number of own children age 4 and under residing with each individual. IPUMS Family unit membership Puerto Rico 1990: All persons 1 1st family in household or group quarters 2 2nd family in household or group quarters 3 3rd 4 4th 5 5th 6 6th 7 7th 8 8th This variable indicates which family within the housing unit each person belongs to. IPUMS Age of youngest own child in household Puerto Rico 1990: Persons in private, occupied dwellings with children in the household [discrepancies: none] 00 Less than 1 year old 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 64 64 65 65 66 66 67 67 68 68 69 69 70 70 71 71 72 72 73 73 74 74 75 75 76 76 78 78 80 80 81 81 82 82 99 NIU (not in universe) This variable indicates the age of the youngest own child (if any) residing with each individual, regardless of the child's age or marital status. IPUMS Number of own siblings in household Puerto Rico 1990: All persons 0 siblings 1 1 sibling 2 2 siblings 3 3 siblings 4 4 siblings 5 5 siblings 6 6 siblings 7 7 siblings 8 8 siblings 9 9 or more siblings This variable indicates the number of own siblings (including half-siblings, step-siblings, and adopted siblings) residing with each individual. IPUMS Relationship to household head Puerto Rico 1990: All persons 0101 Head/householder 0201 Spouse 0301 Child 0303 Stepchild 0401 Child-in-law 0501 Parent 0601 Parent-in-law 0701 Sibling 0801 Sibling-in-law 0901 Grandchild 1001 Other relatives, n.s. 1011 Grandparent 1021 Aunt or uncle 1031 Nephew, niece 1041 Cousin 1061 Other relatives, n.e.c. 1114 Unmarried partner 1115 Housemate/roommate 1240 Roomer/boarders/lodgers and foster children 1260 Other non-relatives 1270 Non-inmate (includes military, students, employees, boarders) 1301 Institutional inmates This variable indicates an individual's relationship to the head of the household or householder. IPUMS Age <svar a="all" v="PR90A418"><span class="em">4. Age and year of birth</span><br /><br /><div class="i1">a. Age _ _ _<br /><br />b. Year of birth 1_ _ _ _</div><br /></svar> Puerto Rico 1990: All persons 00 Less than 1 year old 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 64 64 65 65 66 66 67 67 68 68 69 69 70 70 71 71 72 72 73 73 74 74 75 75 76 76 77 77 78 78 79 79 80 80 81 81 82 82 83 83 84 84 85 85 86 86 87 87 88 88 89 89 90 90+ This variable indicates person's age in years. IPUMS Sex <svar a="all" v="PR90A419"><span class="em">3. Is [respondent] male or female? </span><br /><br />Mark (X) one for each person.<br /><div class="i1">[] 1 Male<br />[] 2 Female</div><br /></svar> Puerto Rico 1990: All persons 1 Male 2 Female This variable indicates the sex of the individual. IPUMS Marital status <svar a="all" v="PR90A420 PR90A560"><span class="em">5. Marital status</span><br /><br />Mark (X) one box.<br /><br /><div class="i1">[] 1 Now married<br />[] 2 Consensually married<br />[] 3 Widowed<br />[] 4 Divorced<br />[] 5 Separated<br />[] 6 Never married</div><br /></svar> Puerto Rico 1990: All persons 1 Married, spouse present 2 Married, spouse absent 3 Separated 4 Divorced 5 Widowed 6 Never married/single This variable indicates the marital status of the individual. IPUMS Children ever born Puerto Rico 1990: Females, age 15+ 00 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 or more 99 NIU (not in universe) This variable indicates the number of children, whether or not the children were still living, ever born to each woman (excluding stillbirths, adopted children, and stepchildren). IPUMS Birthplace <svar a="PR90A421" v="PR90A421 PR90A424"><span class="em">6. Where was [respondent] born?</span><br /><br />Mark (X) the appropriate box and print the name of municipio, State, or foreign country.<br /><br /><div class="i1">[] 1 Puerto Rico --&gt; print name of municipio ____<br />[] 2 United States --&gt; print name of U.S. State ____<br />[] 3 Elsewhere --&gt; print name of foreign country ____</div><br /></svar> Puerto Rico 1990: All persons 00100 Alabama 00200 Alaska 00400 Arizona 00500 Arkansas 00600 California 00800 Colorado 00900 Connecticut 01000 Delaware 01100 District of Columbia 01200 Florida 01300 Georgia 01500 Hawaii 01600 Idaho 01610 Idaho territory 01700 Illinois 01800 Indiana 01900 Iowa 02000 Kansas 02100 Kentucky 02200 Louisiana 02300 Maine 02400 Maryland 02500 Massachusetts 02600 Michigan 02700 Minnesota 02800 Mississippi 02900 Missouri 03000 Montana 03100 Nebraska 03200 Nevada 03300 New Hampshire 03400 New Jersey 03500 New Mexico 03600 New York 03700 North Carolina 03800 North Dakota 03900 Ohio 04000 Oklahoma 04100 Oregon 04200 Pennsylvania 04400 Rhode Island 04500 South Carolina 04600 South Dakota 04700 Tennessee 04800 Texas 04900 Utah 05000 Vermont 05100 Virginia 05300 Washington 05400 West Virginia 05500 Wisconsin 05600 Wyoming 11000 Puerto Rico 11500 U.S. Virgin Islands 12020 Midway Islands 12051 Baker Island 12054 Kingman Reef 15000 Canada 16010 Bermuda 20000 Mexico 21010 Belize/British Honduras 21020 Costa Rica 21030 El Salvador 21040 Guatemala 21050 Honduras 21060 Nicaragua 21070 Panama 25000 Cuba 26010 Dominican Republic 26020 Haiti 26030 Jamaica 26043 Bahamas 26044 Barbados 26045 British Virgin Islands 26053 Cayman Isles 26054 Dominica 26056 Montserrat 26057 St. Kitts-Nevis 26058 St. Lucia 26059 St. Vincent 26060 Trinidad and Tobago 26071 Aruba 26072 Netherlands Antilles 26081 Guadeloupe 26090 Antilles, n.s. 26094 West Indies, n.s. 30005 Argentina 30010 Bolivia 30015 Brazil 30020 Chile 30025 Colombia 30030 Ecuador 30040 Guyana/British Guiana 30050 Peru 30060 Uruguay 30065 Venezuela 30090 South America, n.s. 40400 Norway 41000 England 41300 United Kingdom, n.s./ n.e.c. 42000 Belgium 42100 France 42500 Netherlands 42600 Switzerland 43100 Andorra 43300 Greece 43400 Italy 43500 Malta 43600 Portugal 43800 Spain 45000 Austria 45300 Germany 45310 West Germany, n.e.c. 45400 Hungary 45500 Poland 45600 Romania 45700 Yugoslavia 46000 Estonia 46500 Other USSR/"Russia" 49900 Europe, n.s. 50000 China 50010 Hong Kong 50100 Japan 50200 Korea 50210 North Korea 50220 South Korea 51300 Laos 51500 Philippines 51700 Thailand 51800 Vietnam 52100 India 52140 Pakistan 53200 Iraq 53400 Israel/Palestine 53420 Palestine 53500 Jordan 53700 Lebanon 53800 Oman 54000 Saudi Arabia 54100 Syria 60024 Guinea 60099 Africa, n.s./n.e.c. 70020 New Zealand 71010 New Caledonia 71025 Western Samoa 71047 Northern Mariana Islands 90010 Abroad, n.s. This variable indicates the state or country of birth of the individual. IPUMS Mother's birthplace <svar a="all" v="PR90A422"><span class="em">11b. Where was [respondent's] mother born?</span><br /><div class="i1">[] 1 Puerto Rico<br />[] 2 United States<br />[] 3 Elsewhere -- Print name of foreign country: ____</div><br /></svar> Puerto Rico 1990: All persons 09900 United States, n.s. 11000 Puerto Rico 11500 U.S. Virgin Islands 12000 Other U.S. possessions 12054 Kingman Island 15000 Canada 19900 North America, n.s. 20000 Mexico 21010 Belize/British Honduras 21020 Costa Rica 21030 El Salvador 21040 Guatemala 21050 Honduras 21060 Nicaragua 21070 Panama 25000 Cuba 26010 Dominican Republic 26020 Haiti 26030 Jamaica 26042 Antigua-Barbuda 26044 Barbados 26045 British Virgin Islands, n.e.c. 26053 Cayman Isles 26054 Dominica 26056 Montserrat 26057 St. Kitts-Nevis 26058 St. Lucia 26059 St. Vincent 26060 Trinidad and Tobago 26072 Netherlands Antilles 26082 Martinique 26090 Antilles, n.s. 26091 Caribbean, n.s. / n.e.c. 26093 Leeward Islands, n.s. 26094 West Indies, n.s. 30005 Argentina 30010 Bolivia 30015 Brazil 30020 Chile 30025 Colombia 30030 Ecuador 30040 Guyana/British Guiana 30050 Peru 30060 Uruguay 30065 Venezuela 40100 Finland 40400 Norway 41000 England 41300 United Kingdom, n.s. 41400 Ireland 42000 Belgium 42100 France 42500 Netherlands 42600 Switzerland 43000 Albania 43300 Greece 43400 Italy 43500 Malta 43600 Portugal 43620 Madeira Islands 43700 San Marino 43800 Spain 44000 Southern Europe, n.s. 45000 Austria 45300 Germany 45343 East Berlin 45400 Hungary 45500 Poland 45600 Romania 45700 Yugoslavia 46000 Estonia 46590 USSR, n.s./n.e.c. 49900 Europe, n.e.c./n.s. 50000 China 50010 Hong Kong 50100 Japan 50200 Korea 50210 North Korea 50220 South Korea 51300 Laos 51500 Philippines 51700 Thailand 51800 Vietnam 52100 India 52200 Iran 53400 Israel/Palestine 53420 Palestine 53500 Jordan 53700 Lebanon 53800 Oman 54000 Saudi Arabia 54100 Syria 60013 Libya 60099 Africa, n.s./n.e.c. 70020 New Zealand 71025 Western Samoa 90010 Abroad, n.s. This variable indicates individual's mother state or country of birth. IPUMS Father's birthplace <svar a="all" v="PR90A423"><span class="em">11a. Where was [respondent's] father born?</span><br /><div class="i1">[] 1 Puerto Rico<br />[] 2 United States<br />[] 3 Elsewhere -- Print name of foreign country: ____</div><br /></svar> Puerto Rico 1990: All persons 09900 United States, n.s. 11000 Puerto Rico 11500 U.S. Virgin Islands 12000 Other U.S. possessions 15000 Canada 19900 North America, n.s. 20000 Mexico 21010 Belize/British Honduras 21020 Costa Rica 21030 El Salvador 21040 Guatemala 21050 Honduras 21060 Nicaragua 21070 Panama 25000 Cuba 26010 Dominican Republic 26020 Haiti 26030 Jamaica 26041 Anguilla 26042 Antigua-Barbuda 26044 Barbados 26045 British Virgin Islands 26053 Cayman Isles 26054 Dominica 26056 Montserrat 26057 St. Kitts-Nevis 26058 St. Lucia 26059 St. Vincent 26060 Trinidad and Tobago 26061 Turks and Caicos 26071 Aruba 26072 Netherlands Antilles 26081 Guadeloupe 26090 Antilles, n.s. 26094 West Indies, n.s. 30005 Argentina 30010 Bolivia 30015 Brazil 30020 Chile 30025 Colombia 30030 Ecuador 30035 French Guiana 30040 Guyana/British Guiana 30045 Paraguay 30050 Peru 30060 Uruguay 30065 Venezuela 30090 South America, n.s. 40000 Denmark 40010 Faroe Islands 40100 Finland 40400 Norway 40500 Sweden 41000 England 41011 Guernsey 41100 Scotland 41300 United Kingdom, n.s. 41400 Ireland 42000 Belgium 42100 France 42500 Netherlands 42600 Switzerland 43300 Greece 43400 Italy 43500 Malta 43600 Portugal 43610 Azores 43800 Spain 45000 Austria 45300 Germany 45340 East Germany 45343 East Berlin 45400 Hungary 45500 Poland 45600 Romania 46200 Lithuania 46590 USSR, n.s. 49900 Europe, n.e.c./n.s. 50000 China 50010 Hong Kong 50040 Taiwan 50100 Japan 50200 Korea 50210 North Korea 50220 South Korea 51300 Laos 51500 Philippines 51700 Thailand 51800 Vietnam 52100 India 52140 Pakistan 52200 Iran 53200 Iraq 53400 Israel/Palestine 53420 Palestine 53500 Jordan 53700 Lebanon 54000 Saudi Arabia 54100 Syria 54200 Turkey 60013 Libya 60099 Africa, n.s./n.e.c. 70020 New Zealand 90010 Abroad, n.s. This variable indicates individual's father state or country of birth. IPUMS Citizenship status <svar a="PR90A421" v="PR90A421 PR90A424"><span class="em">6. Where was [respondent] born?</span><br /><br />Mark (X) the appropriate box and print the name of municipio, State, or foreign country.<br /><br /><div class="i1">[] 1 Puerto Rico --&gt; print name of municipio ____<br />[] 2 United States --&gt; print name of U.S. State ____<br />[] 3 Elsewhere --&gt; print name of foreign country ____</div><br /></svar></p> <p><svar a="all" v="PR90A424">If the answer to question 6 appears in one of the first two "Yes" categories listed below, mark (X) the appropriate "Yes" category. Otherwise, ask<br /><br /><span class="em">7. Is [respondent] a citizen of the United States? That is does [respondent] have at least one American parent or is [respondent] a citizen by naturalization? </span><br /><div class="i1">[] 1 Yes, born in Puerto Rico -- Skip to 9<br />[] 2 Yes, born in the United States, Guam, the U.S. Virgin Islands, or Northern Marianas<br />[] 3 Yes, born abroad of American parent or parents<br />[] 4 Yes, U.S. citizen by naturalization<br />[] 5 No, not a citizen of the United States</div><br /></svar> Puerto Rico 1990: Foreign-born persons [discrepancies: none] NIU (not in universe) 1 Born abroad of American parents 2 Naturalized citizen 3 Not a citizen This variable indicates the citizenship status of the indvidual, distinguishing between naturalized citizens and non-citizens. IPUMS Speaks English <svar a="all" v="PR90A425"><span class="em">15b. Can [respondent] speak English? If "Yes", does [respondent] speak English easily or with difficulty?</span><br /><div class="i1">[] 1 Yes, easily<br />[] 2 Yes, with difficulty<br />[] 3 No</div><br /></svar> Puerto Rico 1990: Persons age 5+ [discrepancies: none] NIU (not in universe) 1 Does not speak English 5 Yes, speaks well 6 Yes, but not well This variable indicates if the responsent was able to speak English. IPUMS School attendance <svar a="all" v="PR90A426"><span class="em">9. At any time since February 1, 1990, has [respondent] attended regular school or college?</span><br /><br />Include only pre-kindergarten, kindergarten, elementary school, and schooling which leads to a high school diploma or a college degree.<br /><br />If "Yes," ask -- Public or private?<br /><br /><div class="i1">[] 1 No, has not attended since February 1<br />[] 2 Yes, public school, public college<br />[] 3 Yes, private school, private college</div><br /></svar> Puerto Rico 1990: Persons age 3+ [discrepancies: none] NIU (not in universe) 1 No, not in school 2 Yes, in school This variable indicates whether the respondent attended school during a specified period (last two months). IPUMS Educational attainment <svar a="all" v="PR90A427 PR90A428"><span class="em">10. How much school has [respondent] completed?</span><br /><br />Read categories if person is unsure. Mark (X) one box for the highest level completed or degree received. If currently enrolled, mark the previous grade attended or highest degree received.<br /><div class="i1">[] 30 No school completed<br />[] 31 Pre-kindergarten<br />[] 32 Kindergarten<br /><br />Grades 1 - 11<br />[] 1 1st<br />[] 2 2nd<br />[] 3 3rd<br />[] 4 4th<br />[] 5 5th<br />[] 6 6th<br />[] 7 7th<br />[] 8 8th<br />[] 9 9th<br />[] 10 10th<br />[] 11 11th<br />[] 12 12th grade, no diploma<br />[] 13 High school graduate -- high school diploma or the equivalent (for example: GED)<br />[] 14 Some college but no degree<br />[] 15 Associate degree in college -- Occupational program<br />[] 16 Associate degree in college -- Academic program<br />[] 17 Bachelor's degree (for example: BA, AB, BS)<br />[] 18 Master's degree (for example: MA, MS, MEng, MEd, MSW, MBA)<br />[] 19 Professional school degree (for example: MD, DDS, DVM, LLB, JD)<br />[] 20 Doctorate degree (for example: PhD, EdD)</div><br /></svar> Puerto Rico 1990: Persons age 3+ [discrepancies: none] 00 NIU (not in universe) 01 No school completed 02 Nursery school 03 Kindergarten 04 1st-4th grade 05 5th-8th grade 06 9th grade 07 10th grade 08 11th grade 09 12th grade, no diploma 10 High school graduate, or GED 11 Some college, no degree 12 Associate degree, occupational program 13 Associate degree, academic program 14 Bachelor's degree 15 Master's degree 16 Professional degree 17 Doctorate degree This variable indicates the respondent's highest level of educational attainment. IPUMS Educational attainment recode <svar a="all" v="PR90A427 PR90A428"><span class="em">10. How much school has [respondent] completed?</span><br /><br />Read categories if person is unsure. Mark (X) one box for the highest level completed or degree received. If currently enrolled, mark the previous grade attended or highest degree received.<br /><div class="i1">[] 30 No school completed<br />[] 31 Pre-kindergarten<br />[] 32 Kindergarten<br /><br />Grades 1 - 11<br />[] 1 1st<br />[] 2 2nd<br />[] 3 3rd<br />[] 4 4th<br />[] 5 5th<br />[] 6 6th<br />[] 7 7th<br />[] 8 8th<br />[] 9 9th<br />[] 10 10th<br />[] 11 11th<br />[] 12 12th grade, no diploma<br />[] 13 High school graduate -- high school diploma or the equivalent (for example: GED)<br />[] 14 Some college but no degree<br />[] 15 Associate degree in college -- Occupational program<br />[] 16 Associate degree in college -- Academic program<br />[] 17 Bachelor's degree (for example: BA, AB, BS)<br />[] 18 Master's degree (for example: MA, MS, MEng, MEd, MSW, MBA)<br />[] 19 Professional school degree (for example: MD, DDS, DVM, LLB, JD)<br />[] 20 Doctorate degree (for example: PhD, EdD)</div><br /></svar> Puerto Rico 1990: Persons age 3+ [discrepancies: none] NIU (not in universe) 1 None or preschool 2 Grade 1, 2, 3, or 4 3 Grade 5, 6, 7, or 8 4 Grade 9 5 Grade 10 6 Grade 11 7 Grade 12 8 1 to 3 years of college 9 4+ years of college This variable indicates a recoded combination of two separate IPUMS variables, HIGRADE and EDUC99, that measure educational attainment in different ways. IPUMS Employment status <svar a="all" v="PR90A429"><span class="em">22a. Did [respondent] work at any time last week, either full time or part time?</span><br /><br />Work includes part-time work such as delivering papers, or helping without pay in a family business or farm; it also includes active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces. Work does NOT include own housework, school work, or volunteer work.<br /><br /><div class="i1">[] 1 Yes<br />[] 2 No -- Skip to 26.</div><br /></svar></p> <p><svar a="PR90A444" v="PR90A429 PR90A444"><span class="em">26. Was [respondent] on layoff from a job or business last week?</span><br />If "No," ask -- Was [respondent] temporarily absent or on vacation from a job or business last week?<br /><div class="i1">[] 1 Yes, on layoff<br />[] 2 Yes, on vacation, temporary illness, labor dispute, etc.<br />[] 3 No</div><br /></svar></p> <p><svar a="PR90A445" v="PR90A429 PR90A445"><span class="em">27a. Has [respondent] been looking for work during the last 4 weeks?</span><br /><div class="i1">[] 1 Yes<br />[] 2 No -- Skip to 28</div><br /></svar></p> <p><svar a="PR90A446" v="PR90A429 PR90A446"><span class="em">27b. Could [respondent] have taken a job last week if one had been offered?</span><br />If "No," ask -- For what reason?<br /><div class="i1">[] 1 No, already has a job<br />[] 2 No, temporarily ill<br />[] 3 No, other reasons (in school, etc.)<br />[] 4 Yes, could have taken job</div><br /></svar> Puerto Rico 1990: Persons age 16+ [discrepancies: none] 00 NIU (not in universe) 10 At work 12 Has job, not working 14 Armed forces--at work 15 Armed forces--with job but not at work 20 Unemployed 30 Not in labor force This varibale indicates whether the respondent was a part of the labor force - working or seeking work - and, if so, whether the person was currently unemployed IPUMS Occupation, 1950 basis <svar v="PR90A580 PR90A465 PR90A466 PR90A467 PR90A468 PR90A471 PR90A472 PR90A473 PR90A469 PR90A462 PR90A464 PR90A463 PR90A573 PR90A572 PR90A439 PR90A440 PR90A460 PR90A461 PR90A474 PR90A475 PR90A477 PR90A476 PR90A444 PR90A445 PR90A446 PR90A442 PR90A430 PR90A431 PR90A435 PR90A436 PR90A443 PR90A437 PR90A438 PR90A441 PR90A447 PR90A448 PR90A450 PR90A451 PR90A452 PR90A453 PR90A454 PR90A455 PR90A456 PR90A522 PR90A470">[Questions 17 through 34 are for individuals aged 15 and over]<br /></svar></p> <p><svar v="PR90A430 PR90A431 PR90A435 PR90A436">29-31. The following questions ask about the job worked last week. If [respondent] had more than one job, describe the one [respondent] worked the most hours. If [respondent] didn't work, the questions refer to the most recent job or business since 1985.<br /></svar></p> <p><svar a="all" v=" PR90A430 PR90A431"><span class="em">30a. What kind of work was [respondent] doing? </span><br /><div class="i1">____</div><br />(For example: registered nurse, personnel manager, supervisor of order department,<br />cake icer)<br /><br /></svar> Puerto Rico 1990: Persons age 16+ who had worked within the previous five years [discrepancies: none] 000 Accountants and auditors 001 Actors and actresses 002 Airplane pilots and navigators 003 Architects 004 Artists and art teachers 005 Athletes 006 Authors 007 Chemists 008 Chiropractors 009 Clergymen 010 College presidents and deans 012 Professors and instructors, agricultural sciences 013 Professors and instructors, biological sciences 014 Professors and instructors, chemistry 015 Professors and instructors, economics 016 Professors and instructors, engineering 017 Professors and instructors, geology and geophysics 018 Professors and instructors, mathematics 019 Professors and instructors, medical sciences 023 Professors and instructors, physics 024 Professors and instructors, psychology 025 Professors and instructors, statistics 026 Professors and instructors, natural science (n.e.c.) 027 Professors and instructors, social sciences (n.e.c.) 028 Professors and instructors, nonscientific subjects 029 Professors and instructors, subject not specified 031 Dancers and dancing teachers 032 Dentists 033 Designers 034 Dieticians and nutritionists 035 Draftsmen 036 Editors and reporters 041 Engineers, aeronautical 042 Engineers, chemical 043 Engineers, civil 044 Engineers, electrical 045 Engineers, industrial 046 Engineers, mechanical 047 Engineers, metallurgical, metallurgists 048 Engineers, mining 049 Engineers (n.e.c.) 051 Entertainers (n.e.c.) 052 Farm and home management advisors 053 Foresters and conservationists 054 Funeral directors and embalmers 055 Lawyers and judges 056 Librarians 057 Musicians and music teachers 058 Nurses, professional 059 Nurses, student professional 061 Agricultural scientists 062 Biological scientists 063 Geologists and geophysicists 067 Mathematicians 068 Physicists 069 Miscellaneous natural scientists 070 Optometrists 071 Osteopaths 072 Personnel and labor relations workers 073 Pharmacists 074 Photographers 075 Physicians and surgeons 076 Radio operators 077 Recreation and group workers 078 Religious workers 079 Social and welfare workers, except group 081 Economists 082 Psychologists 083 Statisticians and actuaries 084 Miscellaneous social scientists 091 Sports instructors and officials 092 Surveyors 093 Teachers (n.e.c.) 094 Technicians, medical and dental 095 Technicians, testing 096 Technicians (n.e.c.) 097 Therapists and healers (n.e.c.) 098 Veterinarians 099 Professional, technical and kindred workers (n.e.c.) 100 Farmers (owners and tenants) 123 Farm managers 200 Buyers and department heads, store 201 Buyers and shippers, farm products 203 Conductors, railroad 204 Credit men 205 Floormen and floor managers, store 210 Inspectors, public administration 230 Managers and superintendents, building 240 Officers, pilots, pursers and engineers, ship 250 Officials and administrators (n.e.c.), public administration 260 Officials, lodge, society, union, etc. 270 Postmasters 280 Purchasing agents and buyers (n.e.c.) 290 Managers, officials, and proprietors (n.e.c.) 300 Agents (n.e.c.) 301 Attendants and assistants, library 302 Attendants, physician's and dentist's office 304 Baggagemen, transportation 305 Bank tellers 310 Bookkeepers 320 Cashiers 321 Collectors, bill and account 322 Dispatchers and starters, vehicle 325 Express messengers and railway mail clerks 335 Mail carriers 340 Messengers and office boys 341 Office machine operators 342 Shipping and receiving clerks 350 Stenographers, typists, and secretaries 360 Telegraph messengers 365 Telegraph operators 370 Telephone operators 380 Ticket, station, and express agents 390 Clerical and kindred workers (n.e.c.) 400 Advertising agents and salesmen 410 Auctioneers 420 Demonstrators 430 Hucksters and peddlers 450 Insurance agents and brokers 460 Newsboys 470 Real estate agents and brokers 480 Stock and bond salesmen 490 Salesmen and sales clerks (n.e.c.) 500 Bakers 501 Blacksmiths 502 Bookbinders 503 Boilermakers 504 Brickmasons, stonemasons, and tile setters 505 Cabinetmakers 510 Carpenters 511 Cement and concrete finishers 512 Compositors and typesetters 513 Cranemen, derrickmen, and hoistmen 514 Decorators and window dressers 515 Electricians 520 Electrotypers and stereotypers 521 Engravers, except photoengravers 522 Excavating, grading, and road machinery operators 523 Foremen (n.e.c.) 524 Forgemen and hammermen 525 Furriers 530 Glaziers 531 Heat treaters, annealers, temperers 532 Inspectors, scalers, and graders, log and lumber 533 Inspectors (n.e.c.) 534 Jewelers, watchmakers, goldsmiths, and silversmiths 535 Job setters, metal 540 Linemen and servicemen, telegraph, telephone, and power 541 Locomotive engineers 542 Locomotive firemen 543 Loom fixers 544 Machinists 545 Mechanics and repairmen, airplane 550 Mechanics and repairmen, automobile 551 Mechanics and repairmen, office machine 552 Mechanics and repairmen, radio and television 553 Mechanics and repairmen, railroad and car shop 554 Mechanics and repairmen (n.e.c.) 555 Millers, grain, flour, feed, etc. 560 Millwrights 561 Molders, metal 562 Motion picture projectionists 563 Opticians and lens grinders and polishers 564 Painters, construction and maintenance 565 Paperhangers 570 Pattern and model makers, except paper 571 Photoengravers and lithographers 572 Piano and organ tuners and repairmen 573 Plasterers 574 Plumbers and pipe fitters 575 Pressmen and plate printers, printing 580 Rollers and roll hands, metal 581 Roofers and slaters 582 Shoemakers and repairers, except factory 583 Stationary engineers 584 Stone cutters and stone carvers 585 Structural metal workers 590 Tailors and tailoresses 591 Tinsmiths, coppersmiths, and sheet metal workers 592 Tool makers, and die makers and setters 593 Upholsterers 594 Craftsmen and kindred workers (n.e.c.) 595 Members of the armed services 600 Apprentice auto mechanics 601 Apprentice bricklayers and masons 602 Apprentice carpenters 603 Apprentice electricians 604 Apprentice machinists and toolmakers 605 Apprentice mechanics, except auto 610 Apprentice plumbers and pipe fitters 611 Apprentices, building trades (n.e.c.) 612 Apprentices, metalworking trades (n.e.c.) 613 Apprentices, printing trades 614 Apprentices, other specified trades 615 Apprentices, trade not specified 620 Asbestos and insulation workers 621 Attendants, auto service and parking 622 Blasters and powdermen 623 Boatmen, canalmen, and lock keepers 624 Brakemen, railroad 625 Bus drivers 630 Chainmen, rodmen, and axmen, surveying 631 Conductors, bus and street railway 632 Deliverymen and routemen 633 Dressmakers and seamstresses, except factory 634 Dyers 635 Filers, grinders, and polishers, metal 640 Fruit, nut, and vegetable graders, and packers, except factory 641 Furnacemen, smeltermen and pourers 642 Heaters, metal 643 Laundry and dry cleaning operatives 644 Meat cutters, except slaughter and packing house 645 Milliners 650 Mine operatives and laborers 660 Motormen, mine, factory, logging camp, etc. 661 Motormen, street, subway, and elevated railway 662 Oilers and greaser, except auto 670 Painters, except construction or maintenance 671 Photographic process workers 672 Power station operators 673 Sailors and deck hands 674 Sawyers 675 Spinners, textile 680 Stationary firemen 681 Switchmen, railroad 682 Taxicab drivers and chauffers 683 Truck and tractor drivers 684 Weavers, textile 685 Welders and flame cutters 690 Operative and kindred workers (n.e.c.) 700 Housekeepers, private household 710 Laundressses, private household 720 Private household workers (n.e.c.) 730 Attendants, hospital and other institution 731 Attendants, professional and personal service (n.e.c.) 732 Attendants, recreation and amusement 740 Barbers, beauticians, and manicurists 750 Bartenders 751 Bootblacks 752 Boarding and lodging house keepers 753 Charwomen and cleaners 754 Cooks, except private household 760 Counter and fountain workers 761 Elevator operators 762 Firemen, fire protection 763 Guards, watchmen, and doorkeepers 764 Housekeepers and stewards, except private household 770 Janitors and sextons 771 Marshals and constables 772 Midwives 773 Policemen and detectives 780 Porters 781 Practical nurses 782 Sheriffs and bailiffs 783 Ushers, recreation and amusement 784 Waiters and waitresses 785 Watchmen (crossing) and bridge tenders 790 Service workers, except private household (n.e.c.) 810 Farm foremen 820 Farm laborers, wage workers 830 Farm laborers, unpaid family workers 840 Farm service laborers, self-employed 910 Fishermen and oystermen 920 Garage laborers and car washers and greasers 930 Gardeners, except farm, and groundskeepers 940 Longshoremen and stevedores 950 Lumbermen, raftsmen, and woodchoppers 960 Teamsters 970 Laborers (n.e.c.) 999 NIU (not in universe) This variable indicates the 1950 Census Bureau ocupational classification system to the occupation activity of the individual, referring to the job hold during last week or the most recent. IPUMS Occupation <svar v="PR90A580 PR90A465 PR90A466 PR90A467 PR90A468 PR90A471 PR90A472 PR90A473 PR90A469 PR90A462 PR90A464 PR90A463 PR90A573 PR90A572 PR90A439 PR90A440 PR90A460 PR90A461 PR90A474 PR90A475 PR90A477 PR90A476 PR90A444 PR90A445 PR90A446 PR90A442 PR90A430 PR90A431 PR90A435 PR90A436 PR90A443 PR90A437 PR90A438 PR90A441 PR90A447 PR90A448 PR90A450 PR90A451 PR90A452 PR90A453 PR90A454 PR90A455 PR90A456 PR90A522 PR90A470">[Questions 17 through 34 are for individuals aged 15 and over]<br /></svar></p> <p><svar v="PR90A430 PR90A431 PR90A435 PR90A436">29-31. The following questions ask about the job worked last week. If [respondent] had more than one job, describe the one [respondent] worked the most hours. If [respondent] didn't work, the questions refer to the most recent job or business since 1985.<br /></svar></p> <p><svar a="all" v=" PR90A430 PR90A431"><span class="em">30a. What kind of work was [respondent] doing? </span><br /><div class="i1">____</div><br />(For example: registered nurse, personnel manager, supervisor of order department,<br />cake icer)<br /><br /></svar> Puerto Rico 1990: Persons age 16+ who had worked within the previous five years, and persons seeking work who last worked more than 5 years ago [discrepancies: none] 000 NIU 003 Legislators 004 Chief executives and general administrators, public administration 005 Administrators and officials, public administration 006 Administrators, protective services 007 Financial managers 008 Personnel and labor relations managers 009 Purchasing managers 013 Managers, marketing, advertising, and public relations 014 Administrators, education and related fields 015 Managers, medicine and health 016 Postmasters and mail superintendents 017 Managers, food serving and lodging establishments 018 Managers, properties and real estate 019 Funeral directors 021 Managers, service organizations, n.e.c. 022 Managers and administrators, n.e.c. 023 Accountants and auditors 024 Underwriters 025 Other financial officers 026 Management analysts 027 Personnel, training, and labor relations specialists 028 Purchasing agents and buyers, farm products 029 Buyers, wholesale and retail trade, except farm products 033 Purchasing agents and buyers, n.e.c. 034 Business and promotion agents 035 Construction inspectors 036 Inspectors and compliance officers, except construction 037 Management related occupations, n.e.c. 043 Architects 044 Engineers, aerospace 045 Engineers, metallurgical and materials 047 Engineers, petroleum 048 Engineers, chemical 049 Engineers, nuclear 053 Engineers, civil 055 Engineers, electrical and electronic 056 Engineers, industrial 057 Engineers, mechanical 059 Engineers, n.e.c. 063 Surveyors and mapping scientists 064 Computer systems analysts and scientists 065 Operations and systems researchers and analysts 067 Statisticians 068 Mathematical scientists, n.e.c. 069 Physicists and astronomers 073 Chemists, except biochemists 074 Atmospheric and space scientists 075 Geologists and geodesists 076 Physical scientists, n.e.c. 077 Agricultural and food scientists 078 Biological and life scientists 079 Forestry and conservation scientists 083 Medical scientists 084 Physicians 085 Dentists 087 Optometrists 089 Health diagnosing practitioners, n.e.c. 095 Registered nurses 096 Pharmacists 097 Dietitians 098 Respiratory therapists 099 Occupational therapists 103 Physical therapists 104 Speech therapists 105 Therapists, n.e.c. 106 Physicians' assistants 114 Biological science teachers 115 Chemistry teachers 116 Physics teachers 118 Psychology teachers 119 Economics teachers 123 History teachers 125 Sociology teachers 126 Social science teachers, n.e.c. 127 Engineering teachers 128 Mathematical science teachers 129 Computer science teachers 133 Medical science teachers 134 Health specialties teachers 135 Business, commerce, and marketing teachers 136 Agriculture and forestry teachers 137 Art, drama, and music teachers 138 Physical education teachers 139 Education teachers 143 English teachers 144 Foreign language teachers 145 Law teachers 146 Social work teachers 147 Theology teachers 148 Trade and industrial teachers 149 Home economics teachers 153 Teachers, postsecondary, n.e.c. 154 Postsecondary teachers, subject n.s. 155 Teachers, prekindergarten and kindergarten 156 Teachers, elementary school 157 Teachers, secondary school 158 Teachers, special education 159 Teachers, n.e.c. 163 Counselors, educational and vocational 164 Librarians 165 Archivists and curators 166 Economists 167 Psychologists 168 Sociologists 169 Social scientists, n.e.c. 173 Urban planners 174 Social workers 175 Recreation workers 176 Clergy 177 Religious workers, n.e.c. 178 Lawyers 179 Judges 183 Authors 184 Technical writers 185 Designers 186 Musicians and composers 187 Actors and directors 188 Painters, sculptors, craft-artists, and artist printmakers 189 Photographers 193 Dancers 194 Artists, performers, and related workers, n.e.c. 195 Editors and reporters 197 Public relations specialists 198 Announcers 199 Athletes 203 Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians 204 Dental hygienists 205 Health record technologists and technicians 206 Radiologic technicians 207 Licensed practical nurses 208 Health technologists and technicians, n.e.c. 213 Electrical and electronic technicians 214 Industrial engineering technicians 215 Mechanical engineering technicians 216 Engineering technicians, n.e.c. 217 Drafting occupations 218 Surveying and mapping technicians 223 Biological technicians 224 Chemical technicians 225 Science technicians n.e.c. 226 Airplane pilots and navigators 227 Air traffic controllers 228 Broadcast equipment operators 229 Computer programmers 233 Tool programmers, numerical control 234 Legal assistants 235 Technician, n.e.c. 243 Supervisors and proprietors, sales occupations 253 Insurance sales occupations 254 Real estate sales occupations 255 Securities and financial services sales occupations 256 Advertising and related sales occupations 257 Sales occupations, other business services 258 Sales engineers 259 Sales representatives, mining, manufacturing, and wholesale 263 Sales workers, motor vehicles and boats 264 Sales workers, apparel 265 Sales workers, shoes 266 Sales workers, furniture and home furnishings 267 Sales workers, radio, TV, hi-fi, and appliances 268 Sales workers, hardware and building supplies 269 Sales workers, parts 274 Sales workers, other commodities 275 Sales counter clerks 276 Cashiers 277 Street and door-to-door sales workers 278 News vendors 283 Demonstrators, promoters and models, sales 284 Auctioneers 285 Sales support occupations, n.e.c. 303 Supervisors, general office 304 Supervisors, computer equipment operators 305 Supervisors, financial records processing 306 Chief communications operators 307 Supervisors; distribution, scheduling, and adjusting clerks 308 Computer operators 309 Peripheral equipment operators 313 Secretaries 314 Stenographers 315 Typists 316 Interviewers 317 Hotel clerks 318 Transportation ticket and reservation agents 319 Receptionists 323 Information clerks, n.e.c. 325 Classified-ad clerks 326 Correspondence clerks 327 Order clerks 328 Personnel clerks, except payroll and timekeeping 329 Library clerks 335 File clerks 336 Records clerks 337 Bookkeepers, accounting, and auditing clerks 338 Payroll and timekeeping clerks 339 Billing clerks 343 Cost and rate clerks 344 Billing, posting, and calculating machine operators 345 Duplicating machine operators 346 Mail preparing and paper handling machine operators 347 Office machine operators, n.e.c. 348 Telephone operators 353 Communications equipment operators, n.e.c. 354 Postal clerks except mail carriers 355 Mail carriers, postal service 356 Mail clerks, except postal service 357 Messengers 359 Dispatchers 363 Production coordinators 364 Traffic, shipping, and receiving clerks 365 Stock and inventory clerks 366 Meter readers 368 Weighers, measurers, checkers, and samplers 373 Expediters 374 Material recording, scheduling, and distributing clerks, n.e.c. 375 Insurance adjusters, examiners, and investigators 376 Investigators and adjusters, except insurance 377 Eligibility clerks, social welfare 378 Bill and account collectors 379 General office clerks 383 Bank tellers 384 Proofreaders 385 Data-entry keyers 386 Statistical clerks 387 Teachers' aides 389 Administrative support occupations, n.e.c. 403 Launderers and ironers 404 Cooks, private household 405 Housekeepers and butlers 406 Child care workers, private household 407 Private household cleaners and servants 413 Supervisors, firefighting and fire prevention occupations 414 Supervisors, police and detectives 415 Supervisors, guards 416 Fire inspection and fire prevention occupations 417 Firefighting occupations 418 Police and detectives, public service 423 Sheriffs, bailiffs, and other law enforcement officers 424 Correctional institution officers 425 Crossing guards 426 Guards and police, except public service 427 Protective service occupations, n.e.c. 433 Supervisors, food preparation and service occupations 434 Bartenders 435 Waiters and waitresses 436 Cooks 438 Food counter, fountain and related occupations 439 Kitchen workers, food preparation 443 Waiters'/waitresses' assistants 444 Miscellaneous food preparation occupations 445 Dental assistants 446 Health aides, except nursing 447 Nursing aides, orderlies, and attendants 448 Supervisors, cleaning and building service workers 449 Maids and housemen 453 Janitors and cleaners 454 Elevator operators 455 Pest control occupations 456 Supervisors, personal service occupations 457 Barbers 458 Hairdressers and cosmetologists 459 Attendants, amusement and recreation facilities 461 Guides 462 Ushers 463 Public transportation attendants 464 Baggage porters and bellhops 465 Welfare service aides 466 Family child care providers 467 Early childhood teachers' assistants 468 Child care workers, n.e.c. 469 Personal service occupations, n.e.c. 473 Farmers, except horticultural 474 Horticultural specialty farmers 475 Managers, farms, except horticultural 476 Managers, horticultural specialty farms 477 Supervisors, farm workers 479 Farm workers 483 Marine life cultivation workers 484 Nursery workers 485 Supervisors, related agricultural occupations 486 Groundskeepers and gardeners, except farm 487 Animal caretakers, except farm 488 Graders and sorters, agricultural products 489 Inspectors, agricultural products 494 Supervisors, forestry, and logging workers 495 Forestry workers except logging 496 Timber cutting and logging occupations 498 Fishers 499 Hunters and trappers 503 Supervisors, mechanics and repairers 505 Automobile mechanics 506 Automobile mechanic apprentices 507 Bus, truck, and stationary engine mechanics 508 Aircraft engine mechanics 509 Small engine repairers 514 Automobile body and related repairers 515 Aircraft mechanics, except engine 516 Heavy equipment mechanics 517 Farm equipment mechanics 518 Industrial machinery repairers 519 Machinery maintenance occupations 523 Electronic repairers, communications and industrial equipment 525 Data processing equipment repairers 526 Household appliance and power tool repairers 527 Telephone line installers and repairers 529 Telephone installers and repairers 533 Misc. electrical and electronic equipment repairers 534 Heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration mechanics 535 Camera, watch, and musical instrument repairers 536 Locksmiths and safe repairers 538 Office machine repairers 539 Mechanical controls and valve repairers 543 Elevator installers and repairers 544 Millwrights 547 Mechanics and repairers, n.e.c. 549 Mechanics and repairers, n.s. 553 Supervisors, brickmasons, stonemasons, and tile setters 554 Supervisors, carpenters and related workers 555 Supervisors, electricians and power transmission installers 556 Supervisors, painters, paperhangers, and plasterers 557 Supervisors, plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters 558 Supervisors, construction, n.e.c. 563 Brickmasons and stonemasons 565 Tile setters, hard and soft 566 Carpet installers 567 Carpenters 569 Carpenter apprentices 575 Electricians 576 Electrician apprentices 577 Electrical power installers and repairers 579 Painters, construction and maintenance 583 Paperhangers 584 Plasterers 585 Plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters 588 Concrete and terrazzo finishers 589 Glaziers 593 Insulation workers 594 Paving, surfacing, and tamping equipment operators 595 Roofers 596 Sheetmetal duct installers 597 Structural metal workers 598 Drillers, earth 599 Construction trades, n.e.c. 613 Supervisors, extractive occupations 614 Drillers, oil well 615 Explosives workers 616 Mining machine operators 617 Mining occupations, n.e.c. 628 Supervisors, production occupations 634 Tool and die makers 635 Tool and die maker apprentices 636 Precision assemblers, metal 637 Machinists 644 Precision grinders, filers, and tool sharpeners 646 Lay-out workers 647 Precious stones and metals workers (jewelers) 649 Engravers, metal 653 Sheet metal workers 655 Miscellaneous precision metal workers 657 Cabinet makers and bench carpenters 658 Furniture and wood finishers 659 Miscellaneous precision woodworkers 666 Dressmakers 667 Tailors 668 Upholsterers 669 Shoe repairers 674 Miscellaneous precision apparel and fabric workers 675 Hand molders and shapers, except jewelers 676 Patternmakers, lay-out workers, and cutters 677 Optical goods workers 678 Dental laboratory and medical appliance technicians 679 Bookbinders 683 Electrical and electronic equipment assemblers 684 Miscellaneous precision workers, n.e.c. 686 Butchers and meat cutters 687 Bakers 688 Food batchmakers 689 Inspectors, testers, and graders 693 Adjusters and calibrators 694 Water and sewage treatment plant operators 695 Power plant operators 696 Stationary engineers 699 Miscellaneous plant and system operators 703 Lathe and turning machine set-up operators 704 Lathe and turning machine operators 705 Milling and planing machine operators 706 Punching and stamping press machine operators 707 Rolling machine operators 708 Drilling and boring machine operators 709 Grinding, abrading, buffing, and polishing machine operators 713 Forging machine operators 714 Numerical control machine operators 715 Miscellaneous metal, plastic, stone, and glass working machine operators 717 Fabricating machine operators, n.e.c. 719 Molding and casting machine operators 723 Metal plating machine operators 724 Heat treating equipment operators 725 Miscellaneous metal and plastic processing machine operators 726 Wood lathe, routing, and planing machine operators 727 Sawing machine operators 728 Shaping and joining machine operators 733 Miscellaneous woodworking machine operators 734 Printing press operators 735 Photoengravers and lithographers 736 Typesetters and compositors 737 Miscellaneous printing machine operators 738 Winding and twisting machine operators 739 Knitting, looping, taping, and weaving machine operators 743 Textile cutting machine operators 744 Textile sewing machine operators 745 Shoe machine operators 747 Pressing machine operators 748 Laundering and dry cleaning machine operators 749 Miscellaneous textile machine operators 753 Cementing and gluing machine operators 754 Packaging and filling machine operators 755 Extruding and forming machine operators 756 Mixing and blending machine operators 757 Separating, filtering, and clarifying machine operators 758 Compressing and compacting machine operators 759 Painting and paint spraying machine operators 763 Roasting and baking machine operators, food 764 Washing, cleaning, and pickling machine operators 765 Folding machine operators 766 Furnace, kiln, and oven operators, except food 768 Crushing and grinding machine operators 769 Slicing and cutting machine operators 773 Motion picture projectionists 774 Photographic process machine operators 777 Miscellaneous machine operators, n.e.c. 779 Machine operators, n.s. 783 Welders and cutters 784 Solderers and brazers 785 Assemblers 786 Hand cutting and trimming occupations 787 Hand molding, casting, and forming occupations 789 Hand painting, coating, and decorating occupations 793 Hand engraving and printing occupations 795 Miscellaneous hand working occupations 796 Production inspectors, checkers, and examiners 797 Production testers 798 Production samplers and weighers 799 Graders and sorters, except agricultural 803 Supervisors, motor vehicle operators 804 Truck drivers 806 Driver-sales workers 808 Bus drivers 809 Taxicab drivers and chauffeurs 813 Parking lot attendants 814 Motor transportation occupations, n.e.c. 823 Railroad conductors and yardmasters 824 Locomotive operating occupations 828 Ship captains and mates, except fishing boats 829 Sailors and deckhands 833 Marine engineers 834 Bridge, lock, and lighthouse tenders 843 Supervisors, material moving equipment operators 844 Operating engineers 845 Longshore equipment operators 848 Hoist and winch operators 849 Crane and tower operators 853 Excavating and loading machine operators 855 Grader, dozer, and scraper operators 856 Industrial truck and tractor equipment operators 859 Miscellaneous material moving equipment operators 864 Supervisors, handlers, equipment cleaners, and laborers, n.e.c. 865 Helpers, mechanics and repairers 866 Helpers, construction trades 867 Helpers, surveyor 868 Helpers, extractive occupations 869 Construction laborers 874 Production helpers 875 Garbage collectors 876 Stevedores 877 Stock handlers and baggers 878 Machine feeders and offbearers 883 Freight, stock, and material handlers, n.e.c. 885 Garage and service station related occupations 887 Vehicle washers and equipment cleaners 888 Hand packers and packagers 889 Laborers, except construction 903 Commissioned Officers and Warrant Officers 904 Non-commissioned Officers and Other Enlisted Personnel 905 Military occupation, rank not specified 909 Last worked 1984 or earlier This variable indicates the respondent's primary occupation during last week or the most recent, coded into a contemporary census classification scheme. IPUMS Occupational income score Puerto Rico 1990: Persons age 16+ who had worked within the previous five years [discrepancies: none] 00 NIU (not in universe) 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 52 52 54 54 58 58 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 79 79 80 80 This variable indicates occupational income scores to each occupation. IPUMS Duncan Socioeconomic Index Puerto Rico 1990: Persons age 16+ who had worked within the previous five years [discrepancies: none] 00 NIU (not in universe) 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 64 64 65 65 66 66 67 67 68 68 69 69 72 72 73 73 74 74 75 75 76 76 77 77 78 78 79 79 80 80 81 81 82 82 83 83 84 84 85 85 86 86 87 87 90 90 92 92 93 93 96 96 This variable indicates the Duncan Socioeconomic Index (SEI) score to each occupation. IPUMS Industry, 1950 basis Puerto Rico 1990: Persons age 16+ who had worked within the previous five years, not new workers [discrepancies: none] 000 NIU (not in universe) 105 Agriculture 116 Forestry 126 Fisheries 206 Metal mining 216 Coal mining 226 Crude petroleum and natural gas extraction 236 Nonmetallic mining and quarrying, except fuel 239 Mining, not specified 246 Construction 306 Logging 307 Sawmills, planing mills, and mill work 308 Miscellaneous wood products 309 Furniture and fixtures 316 Glass and glass products 317 Cement, concrete, gypsum and plaster products 318 Structural clay products 319 Pottery and related products 326 Miscellaneous nonmetallic mineral and stone products 336 Blast furnaces, steel works, and rolling mills 337 Other primary iron and steel industries 338 Primary nonferrous industries 346 Fabricated steel products 347 Fabricated nonferrous metal products 348 Not specified metal industries 356 Agricultural machinery and tractors 357 Office and store machines and devices 358 Miscellaneous machinery 367 Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies 376 Motor vehicles and motor vehicle equipment 377 Aircraft and parts 378 Ship and boat building and repairing 379 Railroad and miscellaneous transportation equipment 386 Professional equipment and supplies 387 Photographic equipment and supplies 388 Watches, clocks, and clockwork-operated devices 399 Miscellaneous manufacturing industries 406 Meat products 407 Dairy products 408 Canning and preserving fruits, vegetables, and seafoods 409 Grain-mill products 416 Bakery products 417 Confectionery and related products 418 Beverage industries 419 Miscellaneous food preparations and kindred products 426 Not specified food industries 429 Tobacco manufactures 436 Knitting mills 437 Dyeing and finishing textiles, except knit goods 438 Carpets, rugs, and other floor coverings 439 Yarn, thread, and fabric mills 446 Miscellaneous textile mill products 448 Apparel and accessories 449 Miscellaneous fabricated textile products 456 Pulp, paper, and paperboard mills 457 Paperboard containers and boxes 458 Miscellaneous paper and pulp products 459 Printing, publishing, and allied industries 466 Synthetic fibers 467 Drugs and medicines 468 Paints, varnishes, and related products 469 Miscellaneous chemicals and allied products 476 Petroleum refining 477 Miscellaneous petroleum and coal products 478 Rubber products 487 Leather: tanned, curried, and finished 488 Footwear, except rubber 489 Leather products, except footwear 499 Not specified manufacturing industries 506 Railroads and railway express service 516 Street railways and bus lines 526 Trucking service 527 Warehousing and storage 536 Taxicab service 546 Water transportation 556 Air transportation 567 Petroleum and gasoline pipe lines 568 Services incidental to transportation 578 Telephone 579 Telegraph 586 Electric light and power 587 Gas and steam supply systems 588 Electric-gas utilities 596 Water supply 597 Sanitary services 598 Other and not specified utilities 606 Motor vehicles and equipment 607 Drugs, chemicals, and allied products 608 Dry goods apparel 609 Food and related products 616 Electrical goods, hardware, and plumbing equipment 617 Machinery, equipment, and supplies 618 Petroleum products 619 Farm products--raw materials 626 Miscellaneous wholesale trade 627 Not specified wholesale trade 636 Food stores, except dairy products 637 Dairy products stores and milk retailing 646 General merchandise stores 647 Five and ten cent stores 656 Apparel and accessories stores, except shoe 657 Shoe stores 658 Furniture and house furnishing stores 659 Household appliance and radio stores 667 Motor vehicles and accessories retailing 668 Gasoline service stations 669 Drug stores 679 Eating and drinking places 686 Hardware and farm implement stores 687 Lumber and building material retailing 688 Liquor stores 689 Retail florists 696 Jewelry stores 697 Fuel and ice retailing 698 Miscellaneous retail stores 699 Not specified retail trade 716 Banking and credit agencies 726 Security and commodity brokerage and investment companies 736 Insurance 746 Real estate 756 Real estate-insurance-law offices 806 Advertising 807 Accounting, auditing, and bookkeeping services 808 Miscellaneous business services 816 Auto repair services and garages 817 Miscellaneous repair services 826 Private households 836 Hotels and lodging places 846 Laundering, cleaning, and dyeing services 847 Dressmaking shops 848 Shoe repair shops 849 Miscellaneous personal services 856 Radio broadcasting and television 857 Theaters and motion pictures 858 Bowling alleys, and billiard and pool parlors 859 Miscellaneous entertainment and recreation services 868 Medical and other health services, except hospitals 869 Hospitals 879 Legal services 888 Educational services 896 Welfare and religious services 897 Nonprofit membership organizations 898 Engineering and architectural services 899 Miscellaneous professional and related services 906 Postal service 916 Federal public administration 926 State public administration 936 Local public administration This variable indicates the respondent's job industry code according to the 1950 Census Bureau industrial classification system. IPUMS Industry <svar v="PR90A580 PR90A465 PR90A466 PR90A467 PR90A468 PR90A471 PR90A472 PR90A473 PR90A469 PR90A462 PR90A464 PR90A463 PR90A573 PR90A572 PR90A439 PR90A440 PR90A460 PR90A461 PR90A474 PR90A475 PR90A477 PR90A476 PR90A444 PR90A445 PR90A446 PR90A442 PR90A430 PR90A431 PR90A435 PR90A436 PR90A443 PR90A437 PR90A438 PR90A441 PR90A447 PR90A448 PR90A450 PR90A451 PR90A452 PR90A453 PR90A454 PR90A455 PR90A456 PR90A522 PR90A470">[Questions 17 through 34 are for individuals aged 15 and over]<br /></svar></p> <p><svar v="PR90A430 PR90A431 PR90A435 PR90A436">29-31. The following questions ask about the job worked last week. If [respondent] had more than one job, describe the one [respondent] worked the most hours. If [respondent] didn't work, the questions refer to the most recent job or business since 1985.<br /></svar></p> <p><svar a="all" v="PR90A435"><span class="em">29b. What kind of business or industry was this?</span><br />Describe the activity at location where employed.<br /><div class="i1">____</div><br />(For example: hospital, newspaper publishing, mail order house, retail bakery)<br /><br /><span class="em">29c. Is this mainly manufacturing, wholesale trade, retail trade, or something else?</span><br /><div class="i1">[] 1 Manufacturing<br />[] 2 Wholesale trade<br />[] 3 Retail trade<br />[] 4 Other (agriculture, construction, service, government, etc.)</div><br /></svar> Puerto Rico 1990: Persons age 16+ who had worked within the previous five years, and persons seeking work who last worked more than 5 years ago [discrepancies: none] 000 NIU (not in universe) 010 Agricultural production, crops 011 Agricultural production, livestock 012 Veterinary services 020 Landscape and horticultural services 030 Agricultural services, n.e.c. 031 Forestry 032 Fishing, hunting, and trapping 040 Metal mining 041 Coal mining 042 Oil and gas extraction 050 Nonmetallic mining and quarrying, except fuels 060 All construction 100 Meat products 101 Dairy products 102 Canned, frozen, and preserved fruits and vegetables 110 Grain mill products 111 Bakery products 112 Sugar and confectionery products 120 Beverage industries 121 Misc. food preparations and kindred products 122 Food industries, n.s. 130 Tobacco manufactures 132 Knitting mills 140 Dyeing and finishing textiles, except wool and knit goods 141 Carpets and rugs 142 Yarn, thread, and fabric mills 150 Miscellaneous textile mill products 151 Apparel and accessories, except knit 152 Miscellaneous fabricated textile products 160 Pulp, paper, and paperboard mills 161 Miscellaneous paper and pulp products 162 Paperboard containers and boxes 171 Newspaper publishing and printing 172 Printing, publishing, and allied industries, except newspapers 180 Plastics, synthetics, and resins 181 Drugs 182 Soaps and cosmetics 190 Paints, varnishes, and related products 191 Agricultural chemicals 192 Industrial and miscellaneous chemicals 200 Petroleum refining 201 Miscellaneous petroleum and coal products 210 Tires and inner tubes 211 Other rubber products, and plastics footwear and belting 212 Miscellaneous plastics products 220 Leather tanning and finishing 221 Footwear, except rubber and plastic 222 Leather products, except footwear 230 Logging 231 Sawmills, planing mills, and millwork 241 Miscellaneous wood products 242 Furniture and fixtures 250 Glass and glass products 251 Cement, concrete, gypsum, and plaster products 252 Structural clay products 261 Pottery and related products 262 Misc. nonmetallic mineral and stone products 270 Blast furnaces, steelworks, rolling and finishing mills 272 Primary aluminum industries 280 Other primary metal industries 281 Cutlery, hand tools, and general hardware 282 Fabricated structural metal products 290 Screw machine products 291 Metal forgings and stampings 292 Ordnance 300 Miscellaneous fabricated metal products 301 Metal industries, n.s. 310 Engines and turbines 311 Farm machinery and equipment 312 Construction and material handling machines 320 Metalworking machinery 321 Office and accounting machines 322 Computers and related equipment 331 Machinery, except electrical, n.e.c. 332 Machinery, n.s. 340 Household appliances 341 Radio, TV, and communication equipment 342 Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies, n.e.c. 350 Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies, n.s. 351 Motor vehicles and motor vehicle equipment 352 Aircraft and parts 360 Ship and boat building and repairing 361 Railroad locomotives and equipment 362 Guided missiles, space vehicles, and parts 371 Scientific and controlling instruments 372 Medical, dental, and optical instruments and supplies 380 Photographic equipment and supplies 381 Watches, clocks, and clockwork operated devices 390 Toys, amusement, and sporting goods 391 Miscellaneous manufacturing industries 392 Manufacturing industries, n.s. 400 Railroads 401 Bus service and urban transit 402 Taxicab service 410 Trucking service 411 Warehousing and storage 412 U.S. Postal Service 420 Water transportation 421 Air transportation 422 Pipe lines, except natural gas 432 Services incidental to transportation 440 Radio and television broadcasting and cable 441 Telephone communications 442 Telegraph and miscellaneous communications services 450 Electric light and power 451 Gas and steam supply systems 452 Electric and gas, and other combinations 470 Water supply and irrigation 471 Sanitary services 472 Utilities, n.s. 500 Motor vehicles and equipment 501 Furniture and home furnishings 502 Lumber and construction materials 510 Professional and commercial equipment and supplies 511 Metals and minerals, except petroleum 512 Electrical goods 521 Hardware, plumbing and heating supplies 530 Machinery, equipment, and supplies 531 Scrap and waste materials 532 Miscellaneous wholesale, durable goods 540 Paper and paper products 541 Drugs, chemicals, and allied products 542 Apparel, fabrics, and notions 550 Groceries and related products 551 Farm-product raw materials 552 Petroleum products 560 Alcoholic beverages 561 Farm supplies 562 Miscellaneous wholesale, nondurable goods 571 Wholesale trade, n.s. 580 Lumber and building material retailing 581 Hardware stores 582 Retail nurseries and garden stores 590 Mobile home dealers 591 Department stores 592 Variety stores 600 Miscellaneous general merchandise stores 601 Grocery stores 602 Dairy products stores 610 Retail bakeries 611 Food stores, n.e.c. 612 Motor vehicle dealers 620 Auto and home supply stores 621 Gasoline service stations 622 Miscellaneous vehicle dealers 623 Apparel and accessory stores, except shoe 630 Shoe stores 631 Furniture and home furnishings stores 632 Household appliance stores 633 Radio, TV, and computer stores 640 Music stores 641 Eating and drinking places 642 Drug stores 650 Liquor stores 651 Sporting goods, bicycles, and hobby stores 652 Book and stationery stores 660 Jewelry stores 661 Gift, novelty, and souvenir shops 662 Sewing, needlework, and piece goods stores 663 Catalog and mail order houses 670 Vending machine operators 671 Direct selling establishments 672 Fuel dealers 681 Retail florists 682 Miscellaneous retail stores 691 Retail trade, n.s. 700 Banking 701 Savings institutions, including credit unions 702 Credit agencies, n.e.c. 710 Security, commodity brokerage, and investment companies 711 Insurance 712 Real estate, including real estate-insurance offices 721 Advertising 722 Services to dwellings and other buildings 731 Personnel supply services 732 Computer and data processing services 740 Detective and protective services 741 Business services, n.e.c. 742 Automotive rental and leasing, without drivers 750 Automobile parking and carwashes 751 Automotive repair and related services 752 Electrical repair shops 760 Miscellaneous repair services 761 Private households 762 Hotels and motels 770 Lodging places, except hotels and motels 771 Laundry, cleaning, and garment services 772 Beauty shops 780 Barber shops 781 Funeral service and crematories 782 Shoe repair shops 790 Dressmaking shops 791 Miscellaneous personal services 800 Theaters and motion pictures 801 Video tape rental 802 Bowling centers 810 Miscellaneous entertainment and recreation services 812 Offices and clinics of physicians 820 Offices and clinics of dentists 822 Offices and clinics of optometrists 830 Offices and clinics of health practitioners, n.e.c. 831 Hospitals 832 Nursing and personal care facilities 840 Health services, n.e.c. 841 Legal services 842 Elementary and secondary schools 850 Colleges and universities 851 Vocational schools 852 Libraries 860 Educational services, n.e.c. 861 Job training and vocational rehabilitation services 862 Child day care services 863 Family child care homes 870 Residential care facilities, without nursing 871 Social services, n.e.c. 872 Museums, art galleries, and zoos 873 Labor unions 880 Religious organizations 881 Membership organizations, n.e.c. 882 Engineering, architectural, and surveying services 890 Accounting, auditing, and bookkeeping services 891 Research, development, and testing services 892 Management and public relations services 893 Miscellaneous professional and related services 900 Executive and legislative offices 901 General government, n.e.c. 910 Justice, public order, and safety 921 Public finance, taxation, and monetary policy 922 Administration of human resources programs 930 Administration of environmental quality and housing programs 931 Administration of economic programs 932 National security and international affairs 940 Army 941 Air Force 942 Navy 950 Marines 951 Coast Guard 952 Armed Forces, branch not specified 960 Military Reserves or National Guard 992 Last worked 1984 or earlier This variable indicates the type of industry in which the person performed an occupation. IPUMS Class of worker <svar v="PR90A580 PR90A465 PR90A466 PR90A467 PR90A468 PR90A471 PR90A472 PR90A473 PR90A469 PR90A462 PR90A464 PR90A463 PR90A573 PR90A572 PR90A439 PR90A440 PR90A460 PR90A461 PR90A474 PR90A475 PR90A477 PR90A476 PR90A444 PR90A445 PR90A446 PR90A442 PR90A430 PR90A431 PR90A435 PR90A436 PR90A443 PR90A437 PR90A438 PR90A441 PR90A447 PR90A448 PR90A450 PR90A451 PR90A452 PR90A453 PR90A454 PR90A455 PR90A456 PR90A522 PR90A470">[Questions 17 through 34 are for individuals aged 15 and over]<br /></svar></p> <p><svar v="PR90A430 PR90A431 PR90A435 PR90A436">29-31. The following questions ask about the job worked last week. If [respondent] had more than one job, describe the one [respondent] worked the most hours. If [respondent] didn't work, the questions refer to the most recent job or business since 1985.<br /></svar></p> <p><svar a="all" v="PR90A436"><span class="em">31. Was [respondent] </span><br />Read list. Mark (X) one box.<br /><div class="i1">[] 1 Employee of a private for profit company or business or of an individual, for wages, salary, or commissions<br />[] 2 Employee of a private not-for-profit, tax-exempt, or charitable organization<br />[] 3 Municipal government employee (city, municipio, etc.)<br />[] 4 Commonwealth government employee<br />[] 5 Federal government employee<br />[] 6 Self-employed in own not incorporated business, professional practice, or farm<br />[] 7 Self-employed in own incorporated business, professional practice, or farm<br />[] 8 Working without pay in family business or farm</div><br /></svar> Puerto Rico 1990: Persons age 16+ who had worked within the previous five years [discrepancies: none] 00 NIU (not in universe) 13 Self-employed, not incorporated 14 Self-employed, incorporated 22 Wage/salary, private 23 Wage/salary at non-profit 25 Federal government employee 27 State government employee 28 Local government employee 29 Unpaid family worker This variable indicates whether respondents worked for their own enterprise(s) or for someone else as employees. IPUMS Weeks worked last year <svar v="PR90A580 PR90A465 PR90A466 PR90A467 PR90A468 PR90A471 PR90A472 PR90A473 PR90A469 PR90A462 PR90A464 PR90A463 PR90A573 PR90A572 PR90A439 PR90A440 PR90A460 PR90A461 PR90A474 PR90A475 PR90A477 PR90A476 PR90A444 PR90A445 PR90A446 PR90A442 PR90A430 PR90A431 PR90A435 PR90A436 PR90A443 PR90A437 PR90A438 PR90A441 PR90A447 PR90A448 PR90A450 PR90A451 PR90A452 PR90A453 PR90A454 PR90A455 PR90A456 PR90A522 PR90A470">[Questions 17 through 34 are for individuals aged 15 and over]<br /></svar></p> <p><svar a="all" v="PR90A437 PR90A438"><span class="em">32b. How many weeks did [respondent] work in 1989? </span><br />Count paid vacation, paid sick leave, and military service.<br /><div class="i1">____ Weeks</div><br /></svar> Puerto Rico 1990: Persons age 16+ worked last year [discrepancies: none] 00 NIU (not in universe) 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 This variable indicates the number of weeks that the respondent worked for profit, pay, or as an unpaid family worker during the previous year. IPUMS Weeks worked last year, intervalled <svar v="PR90A580 PR90A465 PR90A466 PR90A467 PR90A468 PR90A471 PR90A472 PR90A473 PR90A469 PR90A462 PR90A464 PR90A463 PR90A573 PR90A572 PR90A439 PR90A440 PR90A460 PR90A461 PR90A474 PR90A475 PR90A477 PR90A476 PR90A444 PR90A445 PR90A446 PR90A442 PR90A430 PR90A431 PR90A435 PR90A436 PR90A443 PR90A437 PR90A438 PR90A441 PR90A447 PR90A448 PR90A450 PR90A451 PR90A452 PR90A453 PR90A454 PR90A455 PR90A456 PR90A522 PR90A470">[Questions 17 through 34 are for individuals aged 15 and over]<br /></svar></p> <p><svar a="all" v="PR90A437 PR90A438"><span class="em">32b. How many weeks did [respondent] work in 1989? </span><br />Count paid vacation, paid sick leave, and military service.<br /><div class="i1">____ Weeks</div><br /></svar> Puerto Rico 1990: Persons age 16+ worked last year [discrepancies: none] NIU (not in universe) 1 1-13 weeks 2 14-26 weeks 3 27-39 weeks 4 40-47 weeks 5 48-49 weeks 6 50-52 weeks This variable indicates the number of weeks that the respondent worked for profit, pay, or as an unpaid family worker during the previous year. IPUMS Hours worked last week <svar v="PR90A580 PR90A465 PR90A466 PR90A467 PR90A468 PR90A471 PR90A472 PR90A473 PR90A469 PR90A462 PR90A464 PR90A463 PR90A573 PR90A572 PR90A439 PR90A440 PR90A460 PR90A461 PR90A474 PR90A475 PR90A477 PR90A476 PR90A444 PR90A445 PR90A446 PR90A442 PR90A430 PR90A431 PR90A435 PR90A436 PR90A443 PR90A437 PR90A438 PR90A441 PR90A447 PR90A448 PR90A450 PR90A451 PR90A452 PR90A453 PR90A454 PR90A455 PR90A456 PR90A522 PR90A470">[Questions 17 through 34 are for individuals aged 15 and over]<br /></svar></p> <p><svar a="all" v="PR90A439 PR90A440"><span class="em">22b. How many hours did [respondent] work last week (at all jobs)? </span><br />Subtract any time off; add overtime or extra hours worked.<br /><div class="i1">____ Hours</div><br /></svar> Puerto Rico 1990: Persons age 16+ who were at work last week [discrepancies: none] 000 NIU (not in universe) 001 1 002 2 003 3 004 4 005 5 006 6 007 7 008 8 009 9 010 10 011 11 012 12 013 13 014 14 015 15 016 16 017 17 018 18 019 19 020 20 021 21 022 22 023 23 024 24 025 25 026 26 027 27 028 28 029 29 030 30 031 31 032 32 033 33 034 34 035 35 036 36 037 37 038 38 039 39 040 40 041 41 042 42 043 43 044 44 045 45 046 46 047 47 048 48 049 49 050 50 051 51 052 52 053 53 054 54 055 55 056 56 057 57 058 58 059 59 060 60 061 61 062 62 063 63 064 64 065 65 066 66 067 67 068 68 069 69 070 70 071 71 072 72 073 73 074 74 075 75 076 76 077 77 078 78 079 79 080 80 081 81 082 82 084 84 085 85 086 86 087 87 088 88 089 89 090 90 091 91 092 92 094 94 095 95 096 96 098 98 099 99 999 Unknown This variable indicates the total number of hours the respondent was at work during the previous week. IPUMS Hours worked last week, intervalled <svar v="PR90A580 PR90A465 PR90A466 PR90A467 PR90A468 PR90A471 PR90A472 PR90A473 PR90A469 PR90A462 PR90A464 PR90A463 PR90A573 PR90A572 PR90A439 PR90A440 PR90A460 PR90A461 PR90A474 PR90A475 PR90A477 PR90A476 PR90A444 PR90A445 PR90A446 PR90A442 PR90A430 PR90A431 PR90A435 PR90A436 PR90A443 PR90A437 PR90A438 PR90A441 PR90A447 PR90A448 PR90A450 PR90A451 PR90A452 PR90A453 PR90A454 PR90A455 PR90A456 PR90A522 PR90A470">[Questions 17 through 34 are for individuals aged 15 and over]<br /></svar></p> <p><svar a="all" v="PR90A439 PR90A440"><span class="em">22b. How many hours did [respondent] work last week (at all jobs)? </span><br />Subtract any time off; add overtime or extra hours worked.<br /><div class="i1">____ Hours</div><br /></svar> Puerto Rico 1990: Persons age 16+ who were at work last week [discrepancies: none] NIU (not in universe) 1 1-14 hours 2 15-29 hours 3 30-34 hours 4 35-39 hours 5 40 hours 6 41-48 hours 7 49-59 hours 8 60+ hours 9 Unknown This variable indicates the total number of hours the respondent was at work during the previous week. IPUMS Usual hours worked per week <svar v="PR90A580 PR90A465 PR90A466 PR90A467 PR90A468 PR90A471 PR90A472 PR90A473 PR90A469 PR90A462 PR90A464 PR90A463 PR90A573 PR90A572 PR90A439 PR90A440 PR90A460 PR90A461 PR90A474 PR90A475 PR90A477 PR90A476 PR90A444 PR90A445 PR90A446 PR90A442 PR90A430 PR90A431 PR90A435 PR90A436 PR90A443 PR90A437 PR90A438 PR90A441 PR90A447 PR90A448 PR90A450 PR90A451 PR90A452 PR90A453 PR90A454 PR90A455 PR90A456 PR90A522 PR90A470">[Questions 17 through 34 are for individuals aged 15 and over]<br /></svar></p> <p><svar a="all" v="PR90A441"><span class="em">32c. During the weeks worked in 1989, how many hours did [respondent] usually work each week? </span><br /><div class="i1">____ Hours</div><br /></svar> Puerto Rico 1990: Persons age 16+ who worked last year [discrepancies: none] 00 NIU (not in universe) 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 51 51 52 52 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 57 57 58 58 59 59 60 60 62 62 63 63 64 64 65 65 66 66 67 67 68 68 69 69 70 70 72 72 73 73 75 75 76 76 77 77 78 78 79 79 80 80 82 82 84 84 85 85 86 86 87 87 88 88 90 90 91 91 92 92 96 96 97 97 98 98 99 99 This variable indicates the number of hours per week that the repsondent usually worked, if the person worked during the previous year. IPUMS Year last worked <svar v="PR90A580 PR90A465 PR90A466 PR90A467 PR90A468 PR90A471 PR90A472 PR90A473 PR90A469 PR90A462 PR90A464 PR90A463 PR90A573 PR90A572 PR90A439 PR90A440 PR90A460 PR90A461 PR90A474 PR90A475 PR90A477 PR90A476 PR90A444 PR90A445 PR90A446 PR90A442 PR90A430 PR90A431 PR90A435 PR90A436 PR90A443 PR90A437 PR90A438 PR90A441 PR90A447 PR90A448 PR90A450 PR90A451 PR90A452 PR90A453 PR90A454 PR90A455 PR90A456 PR90A522 PR90A470">[Questions 17 through 34 are for individuals aged 15 and over]<br /></svar></p> <p><svar a="all" v="PR90A442"><span class="em">28. When did [respondent] last work, even for a few days?</span><br /><div class="i1">[] 1 1990 -- Go to 29<br />[] 2 1989 -- Go to 29<br />[] 3 1988 -- Go to 29<br />[] 4 1985 to 1987 -- Go to 29<br />[] 5 1980 to 1984 -- Skip to 33<br />[] 6 1979 or earlier -- Skip to 33<br />[] 7 Never worked -- Skip to 33</div><br /></svar> Puerto Rico 1990: Persons age 16+ [discrepancies: none] 00 NIU (not in universe) 10 Worked current year 20 Worked previous year 31 Worked 2 years prior 33 Worked 3-5 years ago 35 Worked 6-10 years ago 40 Worked more than 10 years ago 50 Never worked This variable indicates the year in which the respondent last worked for profit, pay, or as unpaid family worker. IPUMS Worked last year <svar v="PR90A580 PR90A465 PR90A466 PR90A467 PR90A468 PR90A471 PR90A472 PR90A473 PR90A469 PR90A462 PR90A464 PR90A463 PR90A573 PR90A572 PR90A439 PR90A440 PR90A460 PR90A461 PR90A474 PR90A475 PR90A477 PR90A476 PR90A444 PR90A445 PR90A446 PR90A442 PR90A430 PR90A431 PR90A435 PR90A436 PR90A443 PR90A437 PR90A438 PR90A441 PR90A447 PR90A448 PR90A450 PR90A451 PR90A452 PR90A453 PR90A454 PR90A455 PR90A456 PR90A522 PR90A470">[Questions 17 through 34 are for individuals aged 15 and over]<br /></svar> Puerto Rico 1990: Persons age 16+ [discrepancies: none] NIU (not in universe) 1 No 2 Yes This variable indicates whether the person had worked at all for profit, pay, or as unpaid family worker during the previous year. IPUMS Absent from work last week <svar v="PR90A580 PR90A465 PR90A466 PR90A467 PR90A468 PR90A471 PR90A472 PR90A473 PR90A469 PR90A462 PR90A464 PR90A463 PR90A573 PR90A572 PR90A439 PR90A440 PR90A460 PR90A461 PR90A474 PR90A475 PR90A477 PR90A476 PR90A444 PR90A445 PR90A446 PR90A442 PR90A430 PR90A431 PR90A435 PR90A436 PR90A443 PR90A437 PR90A438 PR90A441 PR90A447 PR90A448 PR90A450 PR90A451 PR90A452 PR90A453 PR90A454 PR90A455 PR90A456 PR90A522 PR90A470">[Questions 17 through 34 are for individuals aged 15 and over]<br /></svar></p> <p><svar a="PR90A444" v="PR90A429 PR90A444"><span class="em">26. Was [respondent] on layoff from a job or business last week?</span><br />If "No," ask -- Was [respondent] temporarily absent or on vacation from a job or business last week?<br /><div class="i1">[] 1 Yes, on layoff<br />[] 2 Yes, on vacation, temporary illness, labor dispute, etc.<br />[] 3 No</div><br /></svar> Puerto Rico 1990: Persons age 16+ who were not at work last week [discrepancies: type I none ; type II 2.6%] NIU (not in universe) 1 No 2 Yes, laid off 3 Yes, other reason (vacation, illness, labor dispute, etc.) This variable indicates whether persons who did not work during the previous week had a job or business from which they were temporarily absent, and if so, whether they were absent due to a layoff or for some other reason. IPUMS Looking for work <svar v="PR90A580 PR90A465 PR90A466 PR90A467 PR90A468 PR90A471 PR90A472 PR90A473 PR90A469 PR90A462 PR90A464 PR90A463 PR90A573 PR90A572 PR90A439 PR90A440 PR90A460 PR90A461 PR90A474 PR90A475 PR90A477 PR90A476 PR90A444 PR90A445 PR90A446 PR90A442 PR90A430 PR90A431 PR90A435 PR90A436 PR90A443 PR90A437 PR90A438 PR90A441 PR90A447 PR90A448 PR90A450 PR90A451 PR90A452 PR90A453 PR90A454 PR90A455 PR90A456 PR90A522 PR90A470">[Questions 17 through 34 are for individuals aged 15 and over]<br /></svar></p> <p><svar a="PR90A445" v="PR90A429 PR90A445"><span class="em">27a. Has [respondent] been looking for work during the last 4 weeks?</span><br /><div class="i1">[] 1 Yes<br />[] 2 No -- Skip to 28</div><br /></svar> Puerto Rico 1990: Persons age 15+ who were not at work last week [discrepancies: type I none ; type II 2.1%] NIU (not in universe) 1 No, did not look for work 2 Yes, looked for work This variable indicates whether or not the person who did not work during the previous week had actively sought a job or pursued opening their own business or professional practice within the past four weeks. IPUMS Available for work <svar v="PR90A580 PR90A465 PR90A466 PR90A467 PR90A468 PR90A471 PR90A472 PR90A473 PR90A469 PR90A462 PR90A464 PR90A463 PR90A573 PR90A572 PR90A439 PR90A440 PR90A460 PR90A461 PR90A474 PR90A475 PR90A477 PR90A476 PR90A444 PR90A445 PR90A446 PR90A442 PR90A430 PR90A431 PR90A435 PR90A436 PR90A443 PR90A437 PR90A438 PR90A441 PR90A447 PR90A448 PR90A450 PR90A451 PR90A452 PR90A453 PR90A454 PR90A455 PR90A456 PR90A522 PR90A470">[Questions 17 through 34 are for individuals aged 15 and over]<br /></svar></p> <p><svar a="PR90A446" v="PR90A429 PR90A446"><span class="em">27b. Could [respondent] have taken a job last week if one had been offered?</span><br />If "No," ask -- For what reason?<br /><div class="i1">[] 1 No, already has a job<br />[] 2 No, temporarily ill<br />[] 3 No, other reasons (in school, etc.)<br />[] 4 Yes, could have taken job</div><br /></svar> Puerto Rico 1990: Persons age 15+ who were not at work last week and were actively looking for work [discrepancies: type I trace; type II trace] NIU (not in universe) 1 No, already has job 2 No, temporarily ill 3 No, other reason(s) 4 Yes, available for work This variable indicates whether or not persons who did not work during the previous week and were actively seeking a job or planning to open their own business or professional practice were currently available to take any work they might find. IPUMS Total personal income <svar v="PR90A580 PR90A465 PR90A466 PR90A467 PR90A468 PR90A471 PR90A472 PR90A473 PR90A469 PR90A462 PR90A464 PR90A463 PR90A573 PR90A572 PR90A439 PR90A440 PR90A460 PR90A461 PR90A474 PR90A475 PR90A477 PR90A476 PR90A444 PR90A445 PR90A446 PR90A442 PR90A430 PR90A431 PR90A435 PR90A436 PR90A443 PR90A437 PR90A438 PR90A441 PR90A447 PR90A448 PR90A450 PR90A451 PR90A452 PR90A453 PR90A454 PR90A455 PR90A456 PR90A522 PR90A470">[Questions 17 through 34 are for individuals aged 15 and over]<br /></svar></p> <p><svar v="PR90A447 PR90A448 PR90A450 PR90A451 PR90A452 PR90A453 PR90A454 PR90A455 PR90A456 PR90A522"><span class="em">33. The following questions are about income received during 1989</span><br /><br />If an exact amount is not known, accept a best estimate. If net income in b, c, d or question 34 was a loss, write "Loss" above the dollar amount.<br /></svar></p> <p><svar a="all" v="PR90A447 PR90A455"><span class="em">34. Do not ask this question if 33a through 33h are complete. Instead, sum these entries and enter the amount below.<br /><br />What was [respondent's] total income in 1989? </span><br /><br /><div class="i1">[] None</div><br />or<br /><div class="i2">____ Annual amount -- Dollars</div><br /></svar> Puerto Rico 1990: All persons This variable indicates each respondent's total pre-tax personal income or losses from all sources for the previous year. This is a 6-digit numeric variable. Codes72322 = Top code. 72323+ = 72323 or more (median of top-coded values). 999999 = NIU (not in universe). IPUMS Wage and salary income <svar v="PR90A580 PR90A465 PR90A466 PR90A467 PR90A468 PR90A471 PR90A472 PR90A473 PR90A469 PR90A462 PR90A464 PR90A463 PR90A573 PR90A572 PR90A439 PR90A440 PR90A460 PR90A461 PR90A474 PR90A475 PR90A477 PR90A476 PR90A444 PR90A445 PR90A446 PR90A442 PR90A430 PR90A431 PR90A435 PR90A436 PR90A443 PR90A437 PR90A438 PR90A441 PR90A447 PR90A448 PR90A450 PR90A451 PR90A452 PR90A453 PR90A454 PR90A455 PR90A456 PR90A522 PR90A470">[Questions 17 through 34 are for individuals aged 15 and over]<br /></svar></p> <p><svar v="PR90A447 PR90A448 PR90A450 PR90A451 PR90A452 PR90A453 PR90A454 PR90A455 PR90A456 PR90A522"><span class="em">33. The following questions are about income received during 1989</span><br /><br />If an exact amount is not known, accept a best estimate. If net income in b, c, d or question 34 was a loss, write "Loss" above the dollar amount.<br /></svar></p> <p><svar a="all" v="PR90A448"><span class="em">33a. Did [respondent] earn income from wages, salary, commissions, bonuses, or tips? </span>-- Report amount before deductions for taxes, bonds, dues, or other items.<br /><div class="i1">[] 1 Yes-- How much from all jobs?</div><br /><div class="i2">____ Annual amount -- Dollars</div><br /><div class="i1">[] 2 No</div><br /></svar> Puerto Rico 1990: Persons age 16+ [discrepancies: none] This variable indicates each respondent's total pre-tax wage and salary income for the previous year. This is a 6-digit numeric variable. Codes72322 = Top code. 999999 = NIU (not in universe). IPUMS Poverty status Puerto Rico 1990: Persons in private, occupied and vacant dwellings [discrepancies: none] This variable indicates each family's total income for the previous year as a percentage of the poverty thresholds established by the Social Security Administration in 1964 and subsequently revised in 1980, adjusted for inflation. This is a 3-digit numeric variable. Codes000 = NIU (not in universe). 001 = 1 percent or less of poverty threshold. 501 = 501 percent or more of poverty threshold. IPUMS Non-farm business income <svar v="PR90A580 PR90A465 PR90A466 PR90A467 PR90A468 PR90A471 PR90A472 PR90A473 PR90A469 PR90A462 PR90A464 PR90A463 PR90A573 PR90A572 PR90A439 PR90A440 PR90A460 PR90A461 PR90A474 PR90A475 PR90A477 PR90A476 PR90A444 PR90A445 PR90A446 PR90A442 PR90A430 PR90A431 PR90A435 PR90A436 PR90A443 PR90A437 PR90A438 PR90A441 PR90A447 PR90A448 PR90A450 PR90A451 PR90A452 PR90A453 PR90A454 PR90A455 PR90A456 PR90A522 PR90A470">[Questions 17 through 34 are for individuals aged 15 and over]<br /></svar></p> <p><svar v="PR90A447 PR90A448 PR90A450 PR90A451 PR90A452 PR90A453 PR90A454 PR90A455 PR90A456 PR90A522"><span class="em">33. The following questions are about income received during 1989</span><br /><br />If an exact amount is not known, accept a best estimate. If net income in b, c, d or question 34 was a loss, write "Loss" above the dollar amount.<br /></svar></p> <p><svar a="all" v="PR90A450"><span class="em">33b. Did [respondent] earn income from (his/her) own nonfarm business, proprietorship or partnership --</span><br />Report net income after business expenses.<br /><div class="i1">[] 1 Yes-- How much?</div><br /><div class="i2">____ Annual amount -- Dollars</div><br /><div class="i1">[] 2 No</div><br /></svar> Puerto Rico 1990: Persons age 16+ [discrepancies: none] This variable indicates the respondent's net pre-income-tax non-farm business and/or professional practice income for the previous year. This is a 6-digit numeric variable. Codes64146 = Top code. 999999 = NIU (not in universe). IPUMS Farm income <svar v="PR90A580 PR90A465 PR90A466 PR90A467 PR90A468 PR90A471 PR90A472 PR90A473 PR90A469 PR90A462 PR90A464 PR90A463 PR90A573 PR90A572 PR90A439 PR90A440 PR90A460 PR90A461 PR90A474 PR90A475 PR90A477 PR90A476 PR90A444 PR90A445 PR90A446 PR90A442 PR90A430 PR90A431 PR90A435 PR90A436 PR90A443 PR90A437 PR90A438 PR90A441 PR90A447 PR90A448 PR90A450 PR90A451 PR90A452 PR90A453 PR90A454 PR90A455 PR90A456 PR90A522 PR90A470">[Questions 17 through 34 are for individuals aged 15 and over]<br /></svar></p> <p><svar v="PR90A447 PR90A448 PR90A450 PR90A451 PR90A452 PR90A453 PR90A454 PR90A455 PR90A456 PR90A522"><span class="em">33. The following questions are about income received during 1989</span><br /><br />If an exact amount is not known, accept a best estimate. If net income in b, c, d or question 34 was a loss, write "Loss" above the dollar amount.<br /></svar></p> <p><svar a="all" v="PR90A451"><span class="em">33c. Did [respondent] earn income from (his/her) own farm business? </span>-- Include earnings as a tenant farmer or sharecropper. Report net income after operating expenses.<br /><div class="i1">[] 1 Yes-- How much?</div><br /><div class="i2">____ Annual amount -- Dollars</div><br /><div class="i1">[] 2 No</div><br /></svar> Puerto Rico 1990: Persons age 16+ [discrepancies: none] This variable indicates the respondent's net pre-income-tax earnings as a tenant farmer, sharecropper, or operator of his/her own farm during the previous calendar year. This is the amount earned after subtracting farming expenses from gross receipts. Gross receipts include not only the value of farm products sold, but also those from government programs, renting out farm equipment, and the sale of any products from the farmland itself (such as gravel, sand, or wood). It excludes non-cash benefits (such as the free consumption of one's own farm products) and any income earned as an employee. This is a 6-digit numeric variable. Codes30000 = Top code. 999999 = NIU (not in universe). IPUMS Social Security income <svar v="PR90A580 PR90A465 PR90A466 PR90A467 PR90A468 PR90A471 PR90A472 PR90A473 PR90A469 PR90A462 PR90A464 PR90A463 PR90A573 PR90A572 PR90A439 PR90A440 PR90A460 PR90A461 PR90A474 PR90A475 PR90A477 PR90A476 PR90A444 PR90A445 PR90A446 PR90A442 PR90A430 PR90A431 PR90A435 PR90A436 PR90A443 PR90A437 PR90A438 PR90A441 PR90A447 PR90A448 PR90A450 PR90A451 PR90A452 PR90A453 PR90A454 PR90A455 PR90A456 PR90A522 PR90A470">[Questions 17 through 34 are for individuals aged 15 and over]<br /></svar></p> <p><svar v="PR90A447 PR90A448 PR90A450 PR90A451 PR90A452 PR90A453 PR90A454 PR90A455 PR90A456 PR90A522"><span class="em">33. The following questions are about income received during 1989</span><br /><br />If an exact amount is not known, accept a best estimate. If net income in b, c, d or question 34 was a loss, write "Loss" above the dollar amount.<br /></svar></p> <p><svar a="all" v="PR90A452"><span class="em">33e. Did [respondent] receive any Social Security or Railroad Retirement payments? </span> Include payments as a retired worker, dependent, or disabled worker.<br /><div class="i1">[] 1 Yes-- How much?</div><br /><div class="i2">____ Annual amount -- Dollars</div><br /><div class="i1">[] 2 No</div><br /></svar> Puerto Rico 1990: Persons age 15+ [discrepancies: none] This variable indicates how much pre-tax income (if any) the respondent received from Social Security pensions, survivor benefits, or permanent disability insurance, as well as U.S. government Railroad retirement insurance payments, during the previous year. This is a 5-digit numeric variable. Codes20731 = Top code. 99999 = NIU (not in universe). IPUMS Welfare (public assistance) income <svar v="PR90A580 PR90A465 PR90A466 PR90A467 PR90A468 PR90A471 PR90A472 PR90A473 PR90A469 PR90A462 PR90A464 PR90A463 PR90A573 PR90A572 PR90A439 PR90A440 PR90A460 PR90A461 PR90A474 PR90A475 PR90A477 PR90A476 PR90A444 PR90A445 PR90A446 PR90A442 PR90A430 PR90A431 PR90A435 PR90A436 PR90A443 PR90A437 PR90A438 PR90A441 PR90A447 PR90A448 PR90A450 PR90A451 PR90A452 PR90A453 PR90A454 PR90A455 PR90A456 PR90A522 PR90A470">[Questions 17 through 34 are for individuals aged 15 and over]<br /></svar></p> <p><svar v="PR90A447 PR90A448 PR90A450 PR90A451 PR90A452 PR90A453 PR90A454 PR90A455 PR90A456 PR90A522"><span class="em">33. The following questions are about income received during 1989</span><br /><br />If an exact amount is not known, accept a best estimate. If net income in b, c, d or question 34 was a loss, write "Loss" above the dollar amount.<br /></svar></p> <p><svar a="all" v="PR90A453"><span class="em">33f. Did [respondent] receive any income from government programs for Supplemental Security Income (SSI), Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC), food stamps, or other public assistance or public welfare payments. </span><br /><div class="i1">[] 1 Yes-- How much?</div><br /><div class="i2">____ Annual amount -- Dollars</div><br /><div class="i1">[] 2 No</div><br /></svar> Puerto Rico 1990: Persons age 15+ [discrepancies: none] This variable indicates how much pre-tax income (if any) the respondent received during the previous year from various public assistance programs commonly referred to as "welfare". This is a 5-digit numeric variable. Codes15490 = Top code. 99999 = NIU (not in universe). IPUMS Interest, dividend, and rental income <svar v="PR90A580 PR90A465 PR90A466 PR90A467 PR90A468 PR90A471 PR90A472 PR90A473 PR90A469 PR90A462 PR90A464 PR90A463 PR90A573 PR90A572 PR90A439 PR90A440 PR90A460 PR90A461 PR90A474 PR90A475 PR90A477 PR90A476 PR90A444 PR90A445 PR90A446 PR90A442 PR90A430 PR90A431 PR90A435 PR90A436 PR90A443 PR90A437 PR90A438 PR90A441 PR90A447 PR90A448 PR90A450 PR90A451 PR90A452 PR90A453 PR90A454 PR90A455 PR90A456 PR90A522 PR90A470">[Questions 17 through 34 are for individuals aged 15 and over]<br /></svar></p> <p><svar v="PR90A447 PR90A448 PR90A450 PR90A451 PR90A452 PR90A453 PR90A454 PR90A455 PR90A456 PR90A522"><span class="em">33. The following questions are about income received during 1989</span><br /><br />If an exact amount is not known, accept a best estimate. If net income in b, c, d or question 34 was a loss, write "Loss" above the dollar amount.<br /></svar></p> <p><svar a="all" v="PR90A454"><span class="em">33d. Did [respondent] receive any interest, dividends, net rental or royalty income, or income from estates and trusts? </span><br />Include payments as a retired worker, dependent, or disabled worker.<br /><div class="i1">[] 1 Yes-- How much?</div><br /><div class="i2">____ Annual amount -- Dollars</div><br /><div class="i1">[] 2 No</div><br /></svar> Puerto Rico 1990: Persons age 15+ [discrepancies: none] This variable indicates how much pre-tax money the respondent received or lost during the previous year in the form of income from estate or trust, interest, dividends, royalties, and rents received. This is a 6-digit numeric variable. Codes39917 = Top code. 999999 = NIU. IPUMS Total personal earned income <svar v="PR90A580 PR90A465 PR90A466 PR90A467 PR90A468 PR90A471 PR90A472 PR90A473 PR90A469 PR90A462 PR90A464 PR90A463 PR90A573 PR90A572 PR90A439 PR90A440 PR90A460 PR90A461 PR90A474 PR90A475 PR90A477 PR90A476 PR90A444 PR90A445 PR90A446 PR90A442 PR90A430 PR90A431 PR90A435 PR90A436 PR90A443 PR90A437 PR90A438 PR90A441 PR90A447 PR90A448 PR90A450 PR90A451 PR90A452 PR90A453 PR90A454 PR90A455 PR90A456 PR90A522 PR90A470">[Questions 17 through 34 are for individuals aged 15 and over]<br /></svar></p> <p><svar v="PR90A447 PR90A448 PR90A450 PR90A451 PR90A452 PR90A453 PR90A454 PR90A455 PR90A456 PR90A522"><span class="em">33. The following questions are about income received during 1989</span><br /><br />If an exact amount is not known, accept a best estimate. If net income in b, c, d or question 34 was a loss, write "Loss" above the dollar amount.<br /></svar></p> <p><svar a="all" v="PR90A447 PR90A455"><span class="em">34. Do not ask this question if 33a through 33h are complete. Instead, sum these entries and enter the amount below.<br /><br />What was [respondent's] total income in 1989? </span><br /><br /><div class="i1">[] None</div><br />or<br /><div class="i2">____ Annual amount -- Dollars</div><br /></svar> Puerto Rico 1990: All persons This variable indicates total income earned from wages or a person's own business or farm for the previous year. This is a 6-digit numeric variable. Codes72322 = Top code. 72323+ = 72323 or more (median of top-coded values). 999999 = NIU (not in universe). IPUMS Other income <svar v="PR90A580 PR90A465 PR90A466 PR90A467 PR90A468 PR90A471 PR90A472 PR90A473 PR90A469 PR90A462 PR90A464 PR90A463 PR90A573 PR90A572 PR90A439 PR90A440 PR90A460 PR90A461 PR90A474 PR90A475 PR90A477 PR90A476 PR90A444 PR90A445 PR90A446 PR90A442 PR90A430 PR90A431 PR90A435 PR90A436 PR90A443 PR90A437 PR90A438 PR90A441 PR90A447 PR90A448 PR90A450 PR90A451 PR90A452 PR90A453 PR90A454 PR90A455 PR90A456 PR90A522 PR90A470">[Questions 17 through 34 are for individuals aged 15 and over]<br /></svar></p> <p><svar v="PR90A447 PR90A448 PR90A450 PR90A451 PR90A452 PR90A453 PR90A454 PR90A455 PR90A456 PR90A522"><span class="em">33. The following questions are about income received during 1989</span><br /><br />If an exact amount is not known, accept a best estimate. If net income in b, c, d or question 34 was a loss, write "Loss" above the dollar amount.<br /></svar></p> <p><svar a="all" v="PR90A456"><span class="em">33h. Did [respondent] receive any income from Veterans' (VA) payments, unemployment compensation, child support, or alimony, or any other regular source of income? </span>-- Do not include lump-sum payments such as money from an inheritance or the sale of a home.<br /><div class="i1">[] 1 Yes-- How much?</div><br /><div class="i2">____ Annual amount -- Dollars</div><br /><div class="i1">[] 2 No</div><br /><br /></svar> Puerto Rico 1990: All persons This variable indicates how much of each respondent's total money income (or losses) came from sources not included in the other IPUM person-record income variables. This is a 5-digit numeric variable. Codes20636 = Top code. 99999 = NIU (not in universe). IPUMS Migration status, 5 years <svar v="PR90A457 PR90A458"><span class="em">12a. If person was born after April 1, 1985, mark (X) that box without asking 12a, and go to the next person. </span><br /></svar></p> <p><svar a="all" v="PR90A457"><span class="em">Did you live at the address reported in question 2b 5 years ago (on April 1, 1985)?</span><br /><br /><div class="i1">[] Yes -- Skip to 13a<br />[] No</div><br /></svar> Puerto Rico 1990: Persons age 5+ [discrepancies: none] 00 NIU (not in universe) 10 Same house 20 Moved, place not reported This variable indicates whether a person age 5+ had changed residence since a reference point 5 years ago. IPUMS State or country of residence 5 years ago <svar v="PR90A457 PR90A458"><span class="em">12a. If person was born after April 1, 1985, mark (X) that box without asking 12a, and go to the next person. </span><br /></svar></p> <p><svar a="all" v="PR90A458"><span class="em">12 b. Where did [respondent] live 5 years ago (on April 1, 1985)?</span><br /><br /><div class="i1">1) Print Puerto Rico or the name of U.S. State or foreign country</div><br /><div class="i2">____</div><br /><div class="i1">2) Print the name of the municipality in Puerto Rico or the name of the county in the U.S.</div><br /><div class="i2">____</div><br /><div class="i1">3) Print the name of city, town or village</div><br /><div class="i2">____</div><br /></svar> Puerto Rico 1990: Persons age 5+ who lived in a different country 5 years ago [discrepancies: type I 0.1%; type II 0.1%] 000 NIU (not in universe) 001 Alabama 002 Alaska 004 Arizona 005 Arkansas 006 California 008 Colorado 009 Connecticut 010 Delaware 011 District of Columbia 012 Florida 013 Georgia 015 Hawaii 016 Idaho 017 Illinois 018 Indiana 019 Iowa 020 Kansas 021 Kentucky 022 Louisiana 023 Maine 024 Maryland 025 Massachusetts 026 Michigan 027 Minnesota 028 Mississippi 029 Missouri 030 Montana 031 Nebraska 032 Nevada 033 New Hampshire 034 New Jersey 035 New Mexico 036 New York 037 North Carolina 038 North Dakota 039 Ohio 040 Oklahoma 041 Oregon 042 Pennsylvania 044 Rhode Island 045 South Carolina 046 South Dakota 047 Tennessee 048 Texas 049 Utah 050 Vermont 051 Virginia 053 Washington 054 West Virginia 055 Wisconsin 056 Wyoming 061 Maine-New Hampshire-Vermont 062 Massachusetts-Rhode Island 063 Minnesota-Iowa-Missouri-Kansas-Nebraska-Dakotas 064 Maryland-Delaware 065 Montana-Idaho-Wyoming 066 Utah-Nevada 067 Arizona-New Mexico 068 Alaska-Hawaii 099 United States, not specified or state confidential 100 Americana Samoa 105 Guam 110 Puerto Rico 115 Virgin Islands 119 U.S. outlying area 120 Other U.S. possessions 150 Canada 151 English Canada 152 French Canada 155 St Pierre and Miquelon 160 Atlantic Islands 199 North America 200 Mexico 211 Belize/British Honduras 212 Costa Rica 213 El Salvador 214 Guatemala 215 Honduras 216 Nicaragua 217 Panama 218 Canal Zone 219 Central America, n.e.c. 250 Cuba 260 West Indies 261 Dominican Republic 262 Haiti 263 Jamaica 264 British West Indies 266 Trinidad and Tobago 267 Other West Indies 305 Argentina 310 Bolivia 315 Brazil 320 Chile 325 Colombia 330 Ecuador 345 Paraguay 350 Peru 360 Uruguay 365 Venezuela 370 North or Central America, n.s. 390 South America, n.e.c. 400 Denmark 401 Finland 402 Iceland 404 Norway 405 Sweden 410 England 411 Scotland 412 Wales 413 United Kingdom 414 Ireland 415 Northern Ireland 420 Belgium 421 France 422 Liechtenstein 423 Luxembourg 424 Monaco 425 Netherlands 426 Switzerland 430 Albania 431 Andorra 432 Gibraltar 433 Greece 434 Dodecanese Islands 435 Italy 436 Portugal 437 Azores 438 Spain 439 Vatican City 440 Malta 450 Austria 451 Bulgaria 452 Czechoslovakia 453 Germany 999 Unknown This variable indicates the U.S. state or the foreign country where the respondent was living 5 years ago. IPUMS When occupant moved into residence <svar a="all" v="PR90A459"><span class="em">H11. When did the person listed in column 1 on page 2 move into this house or apartment? </span><br /><div class="i1">[] 1 1989 or 1990<br />[] 2 1985 to 1988<br />[] 3 1980 to 1984<br />[] 4 1970 to 1979<br />[] 5 1960 to 1969<br />[] 6 1959 or earlier</div><br /></svar> Puerto Rico 1990: Head of the household in private, occupied and vacant dwellings [discrepancies: none] NIU (not in universe) 1 This year or last year 2 2 years ago 5 3 -10 6 11-20 7 21-30 8 31+ This variable indicates the number of years ago that the houseolder moved into the dwelling unit. IPUMS Place of work <svar v="PR90A580 PR90A465 PR90A466 PR90A467 PR90A468 PR90A471 PR90A472 PR90A473 PR90A469 PR90A462 PR90A464 PR90A463 PR90A573 PR90A572 PR90A439 PR90A440 PR90A460 PR90A461 PR90A474 PR90A475 PR90A477 PR90A476 PR90A444 PR90A445 PR90A446 PR90A442 PR90A430 PR90A431 PR90A435 PR90A436 PR90A443 PR90A437 PR90A438 PR90A441 PR90A447 PR90A448 PR90A450 PR90A451 PR90A452 PR90A453 PR90A454 PR90A455 PR90A456 PR90A522 PR90A470">[Questions 17 through 34 are for individuals aged 15 and over]<br /></svar></p> <p><svar a="all" v="PR90A460 PR90A461"><span class="em">23a. Where did [respondent] usually work last week?</span><br /><br />If [respondent] worked at more than one location, ask--<br />Where did [respondent] work most last week?<br /><div class="i1">[] 1 In U.S. State or foreign country -- Skip to 23d<br />[] 2 In Puerto Rico -- Continue with 23b.</div><br /><br /><span class="em">23b. What is the name of the city, town or village? </span><br /><div class="i1">____</div><br /><br /><span class="em">23c. What is the name of the municipio? </span><br /><div class="i1">____</div><br /><br /><span class="em">23d. What is the name of the U.S. State or foreign country? </span><br /><div class="i1">____</div><br /></svar> Puerto Rico 1990: Persons age 16+ who were at work last week [discrepancies: type I trace; type II trace] 00 NIU (not in universe) 01 Alabama 02 Alaska 04 Arizona 05 Arkansas 06 California 08 Colorado 09 Connecticut 10 Delaware 11 District of Columbia 12 Florida 13 Georgia 15 Hawaii 16 Idaho 17 Illinois 18 Indiana 19 Iowa 20 Kansas 21 Kentucky 22 Louisiana 23 Maine 24 Maryland 25 Massachusetts 26 Michigan 27 Minnesota 28 Mississippi 29 Missouri 30 Montana 31 Nebraska 32 Nevada 33 New Hampshire 34 New Jersey 35 New Mexico 36 New York 37 North Carolina 38 North Dakota 39 Ohio 40 Oklahoma 41 Oregon 42 Pennsylvania 44 Rhode island 45 South Carolina 46 South Dakota 47 Tennessee 48 Texas 49 Utah 50 Vermont 51 Virginia 53 Washington 54 West Virginia 55 Wisconsin 56 Wyoming 61 Maine-New Hampshire-Vermont 62 Massachusetts-Rhode Island 63 Minnesota-Iowa-Missouri-Kansas-Nebraska-S.Dakota-N.Dakota 64 Maryland-Delaware 65 Montana-Idaho-Wyoming 66 Utah-Nevada 67 Arizona-New Mexico 68 Alaska-Hawaii 72 Puerto Rico 73 U.S. outlying area 74 United States 80 Abroad 81 Europe 82 Eastern Asia 83 Other Asia, n.s.; South Central, South East, and Western Asia 84 Mexico 85 Other Americas 86 Other, n.e.c. 87 Iraq This variable indicates the location of respondent's primary workplace, whether it was in the U.S., Puerto Rico, or other country. IPUMS Work disability <svar v="PR90A580 PR90A465 PR90A466 PR90A467 PR90A468 PR90A471 PR90A472 PR90A473 PR90A469 PR90A462 PR90A464 PR90A463 PR90A573 PR90A572 PR90A439 PR90A440 PR90A460 PR90A461 PR90A474 PR90A475 PR90A477 PR90A476 PR90A444 PR90A445 PR90A446 PR90A442 PR90A430 PR90A431 PR90A435 PR90A436 PR90A443 PR90A437 PR90A438 PR90A441 PR90A447 PR90A448 PR90A450 PR90A451 PR90A452 PR90A453 PR90A454 PR90A455 PR90A456 PR90A522 PR90A470">[Questions 17 through 34 are for individuals aged 15 and over]<br /></svar></p> <p><svar a="all" v="PR90A462"><span class="em">19. Does [respondent] have a physical, mental, or other health condition that has lasted for 6 or more months and which --<br /><br />19a. Limits the kind or amount of work [respondent] can do at a job? </span><br /><div class="i1">[] 1 Yes<br />[] 2 No</div><br /><br /><span class="em">19b. Prevents [respondent] from working at a job?</span><br /><div class="i1">[] 1 Yes<br />[] 2 No</div><br /></svar> Puerto Rico 1990: Persons age 16+ [discrepancies: none] NIU (not in universe) 1 No disability that affects work 2 Disability limits but does not prevent work 3 Disability prevents work This variable indicates whether respondents have any lasting physical or mental health condition that causes difficulty working, limits the amount or type of work they can do, or prevent them from working altogether. IPUMS Disability limiting mobility <svar v="PR90A580 PR90A465 PR90A466 PR90A467 PR90A468 PR90A471 PR90A472 PR90A473 PR90A469 PR90A462 PR90A464 PR90A463 PR90A573 PR90A572 PR90A439 PR90A440 PR90A460 PR90A461 PR90A474 PR90A475 PR90A477 PR90A476 PR90A444 PR90A445 PR90A446 PR90A442 PR90A430 PR90A431 PR90A435 PR90A436 PR90A443 PR90A437 PR90A438 PR90A441 PR90A447 PR90A448 PR90A450 PR90A451 PR90A452 PR90A453 PR90A454 PR90A455 PR90A456 PR90A522 PR90A470">[Questions 17 through 34 are for individuals aged 15 and over]<br /></svar></p> <p><svar v="PR90A463 PR90A464"><span class="em">20. Because of a health condition that has lasted for 6 or more months, does [respondent] have any difficulty --</span><br /></svar></p> <p><svar a="all" v="PR90A463"><span class="em">20a. Going outside the home alone, for example, to a shop or visit a doctor's office?</span><br /><div class="i1">[] 1 Yes<br />[] 2 No</div><br /></svar> Puerto Rico 1990: Persons age 15+ [discrepancies: none] NIU (not in universe) 1 No mobility limitation 2 Yes, mobility is limited This variable indicates whether the respondent has any physical or mental health condition that has lasted 6 or more months and that makes it difficult or impossible to go outside the home alone. IPUMS Personal care limitation <svar v="PR90A580 PR90A465 PR90A466 PR90A467 PR90A468 PR90A471 PR90A472 PR90A473 PR90A469 PR90A462 PR90A464 PR90A463 PR90A573 PR90A572 PR90A439 PR90A440 PR90A460 PR90A461 PR90A474 PR90A475 PR90A477 PR90A476 PR90A444 PR90A445 PR90A446 PR90A442 PR90A430 PR90A431 PR90A435 PR90A436 PR90A443 PR90A437 PR90A438 PR90A441 PR90A447 PR90A448 PR90A450 PR90A451 PR90A452 PR90A453 PR90A454 PR90A455 PR90A456 PR90A522 PR90A470">[Questions 17 through 34 are for individuals aged 15 and over]<br /></svar></p> <p><svar v="PR90A463 PR90A464"><span class="em">20. Because of a health condition that has lasted for 6 or more months, does [respondent] have any difficulty --</span><br /></svar></p> <p><svar a="all" v="PR90A464"><span class="em">20b. Taking care of his or her own personal needs, such as bathing, dressing, or getting around inside the home?</span><br /><div class="i1">[] 1 Yes<br />[] 2 No</div><br /></svar> Puerto Rico 1990: Persons age 15+ [discrepancies: none] NIU (not in universe) 1 No personal care limitation 2 Yes, personal care limitation This variable indicates whether respondents have any physical or mental health condition that has lasted at least 6 months and makes it difficult for them to take care of their own personal needs, such as bathing, dressing or getting around inside the home. IPUMS Veteran status <svar v="PR90A580 PR90A465 PR90A466 PR90A467 PR90A468 PR90A471 PR90A472 PR90A473 PR90A469 PR90A462 PR90A464 PR90A463 PR90A573 PR90A572 PR90A439 PR90A440 PR90A460 PR90A461 PR90A474 PR90A475 PR90A477 PR90A476 PR90A444 PR90A445 PR90A446 PR90A442 PR90A430 PR90A431 PR90A435 PR90A436 PR90A443 PR90A437 PR90A438 PR90A441 PR90A447 PR90A448 PR90A450 PR90A451 PR90A452 PR90A453 PR90A454 PR90A455 PR90A456 PR90A522 PR90A470">[Questions 17 through 34 are for individuals aged 15 and over]<br /></svar></p> <p><svar a="all" v="PR90A465"><span class="em">18a. Has [respondent] ever been on active-duty military service in the Armed Forces of the United States or ever been in the United States military Reserves or the National Guard?</span><br />"Active duty" does not include training for the military Reserves or National Guard.<br /><div class="i1">[] 1 Yes, now on active duty<br />[] 2 Yes, on active duty in past, but not now<br />[] 3 Yes, service in Reserves or National Guard only -- Skip to 19<br />[] 4 No -- Skip to 19</div><br /></svar> Puerto Rico 1990: Persons age 16+ [discrepancies: none] NIU (not in universe) 1 No Service 2 Yes This variable indicates whether individuals served in the military forces of the United States in time of war or peace. IPUMS Veteran, served 1980 to 1990 <svar v="PR90A580 PR90A465 PR90A466 PR90A467 PR90A468 PR90A471 PR90A472 PR90A473 PR90A469 PR90A462 PR90A464 PR90A463 PR90A573 PR90A572 PR90A439 PR90A440 PR90A460 PR90A461 PR90A474 PR90A475 PR90A477 PR90A476 PR90A444 PR90A445 PR90A446 PR90A442 PR90A430 PR90A431 PR90A435 PR90A436 PR90A443 PR90A437 PR90A438 PR90A441 PR90A447 PR90A448 PR90A450 PR90A451 PR90A452 PR90A453 PR90A454 PR90A455 PR90A456 PR90A522 PR90A470">[Questions 17 through 34 are for individuals aged 15 and over]<br /></svar></p> <p><svar a="all" v="PR90A469"><span class="em">18c. In total, how many years of active-duty military service have you had?</span><br /><div class="i1">____ Years</div><br /></svar> Puerto Rico 1990: Persons age 17+ [discrepancies: none] NIU (not in universe) 1 No 2 Yes, served this period This variable indicates whether persons were engaged in active-duty military service in the armed forces of the United States between September, 1980 and July, 1990. IPUMS Veteran, served 1975 to 1980 <svar v="PR90A580 PR90A465 PR90A466 PR90A467 PR90A468 PR90A471 PR90A472 PR90A473 PR90A469 PR90A462 PR90A464 PR90A463 PR90A573 PR90A572 PR90A439 PR90A440 PR90A460 PR90A461 PR90A474 PR90A475 PR90A477 PR90A476 PR90A444 PR90A445 PR90A446 PR90A442 PR90A430 PR90A431 PR90A435 PR90A436 PR90A443 PR90A437 PR90A438 PR90A441 PR90A447 PR90A448 PR90A450 PR90A451 PR90A452 PR90A453 PR90A454 PR90A455 PR90A456 PR90A522 PR90A470">[Questions 17 through 34 are for individuals aged 15 and over]<br /></svar></p> <p><svar a="all" v="PR90A469"><span class="em">18c. In total, how many years of active-duty military service have you had?</span><br /><div class="i1">____ Years</div><br /></svar> Puerto Rico 1990: Persons age 17+ [discrepancies: none] NIU (not in universe) 1 No 2 Yes, served this period This variable indicates whether persons were engaged in active-duty military service in the armed forces of the United States between May, 1975 and August, 1980. IPUMS Veteran, served during Vietnam era <svar v="PR90A580 PR90A465 PR90A466 PR90A467 PR90A468 PR90A471 PR90A472 PR90A473 PR90A469 PR90A462 PR90A464 PR90A463 PR90A573 PR90A572 PR90A439 PR90A440 PR90A460 PR90A461 PR90A474 PR90A475 PR90A477 PR90A476 PR90A444 PR90A445 PR90A446 PR90A442 PR90A430 PR90A431 PR90A435 PR90A436 PR90A443 PR90A437 PR90A438 PR90A441 PR90A447 PR90A448 PR90A450 PR90A451 PR90A452 PR90A453 PR90A454 PR90A455 PR90A456 PR90A522 PR90A470">[Questions 17 through 34 are for individuals aged 15 and over]<br /></svar></p> <p><svar a="all" v="PR90A469"><span class="em">18c. In total, how many years of active-duty military service have you had?</span><br /><div class="i1">____ Years</div><br /></svar> Puerto Rico 1990: Persons age 17+ [discrepancies: none] NIU (not in universe) 1 No 2 Yes, Vietnam-era veteran This variable indicates whether persons were engaged in active-duty military service in the armed forces of the United States during the Vietnam era. IPUMS Years of active-duty military service <svar v="PR90A580 PR90A465 PR90A466 PR90A467 PR90A468 PR90A471 PR90A472 PR90A473 PR90A469 PR90A462 PR90A464 PR90A463 PR90A573 PR90A572 PR90A439 PR90A440 PR90A460 PR90A461 PR90A474 PR90A475 PR90A477 PR90A476 PR90A444 PR90A445 PR90A446 PR90A442 PR90A430 PR90A431 PR90A435 PR90A436 PR90A443 PR90A437 PR90A438 PR90A441 PR90A447 PR90A448 PR90A450 PR90A451 PR90A452 PR90A453 PR90A454 PR90A455 PR90A456 PR90A522 PR90A470">[Questions 17 through 34 are for individuals aged 15 and over]<br /></svar> Puerto Rico 1990: Persons age 16+ currently or formely in the armed forces [discrepancies: none] 00 NIU (not in universe) 01 1 year of service or less 02 2 years 03 3 years 04 4 years 05 5 years 06 6 years 07 7 years 08 8 years 09 9 years 10 10 years 11 11 years 12 12 years 13 13 years 14 14 years 15 15 years 16 16 years 17 17 years 18 18 years 19 19 years 20 20 years 21 21 years 22 22 years 23 23 years 24 24 years 25 25 years 26 26 years 27 27 years 28 28 years 29 29 years 30 30 years 31 31 years This variable indicates the total years of active-duty military service for veterans and those currently on active duty. IPUMS Veteran, served 1955 to 1964 <svar a="all" v="PR90A570"><span class="em">13a. During the last 10 years, did [respondent] live in the United States at any time for a period of 6 or more consecutive months?</span><br /><div class="i1">[] 1 Yes<br />[] 2 No -- Skip to 14</div><br /></svar></p> <p><svar v="PR90A580 PR90A465 PR90A466 PR90A467 PR90A468 PR90A471 PR90A472 PR90A473 PR90A469 PR90A462 PR90A464 PR90A463 PR90A573 PR90A572 PR90A439 PR90A440 PR90A460 PR90A461 PR90A474 PR90A475 PR90A477 PR90A476 PR90A444 PR90A445 PR90A446 PR90A442 PR90A430 PR90A431 PR90A435 PR90A436 PR90A443 PR90A437 PR90A438 PR90A441 PR90A447 PR90A448 PR90A450 PR90A451 PR90A452 PR90A453 PR90A454 PR90A455 PR90A456 PR90A522 PR90A470">[Questions 17 through 34 are for individuals aged 15 and over]<br /></svar></p> <p><svar a="all" v="PR90A469"><span class="em">18c. In total, how many years of active-duty military service have you had?</span><br /><div class="i1">____ Years</div><br /></svar> Puerto Rico 1990: Persons age 17+ [discrepancies: none] NIU (not in universe) 1 No 2 Yes, served this period This variable indicates whether persons were engaged in active-duty military service in the armed forces of the United States between February, 1955 and July, 1964. IPUMS Veteran, served during Korean conflict era <svar v="PR90A580 PR90A465 PR90A466 PR90A467 PR90A468 PR90A471 PR90A472 PR90A473 PR90A469 PR90A462 PR90A464 PR90A463 PR90A573 PR90A572 PR90A439 PR90A440 PR90A460 PR90A461 PR90A474 PR90A475 PR90A477 PR90A476 PR90A444 PR90A445 PR90A446 PR90A442 PR90A430 PR90A431 PR90A435 PR90A436 PR90A443 PR90A437 PR90A438 PR90A441 PR90A447 PR90A448 PR90A450 PR90A451 PR90A452 PR90A453 PR90A454 PR90A455 PR90A456 PR90A522 PR90A470">[Questions 17 through 34 are for individuals aged 15 and over]<br /></svar></p> <p><svar a="all" v="PR90A469"><span class="em">18c. In total, how many years of active-duty military service have you had?</span><br /><div class="i1">____ Years</div><br /></svar> Puerto Rico 1990: Persons age 17+ [discrepancies: none] NIU (not in universe) 1 No 2 Yes, served this period This variable indicates whether persons were engaged in active-duty military service in the armed forces of the United States during the Korean conflict era. IPUMS Veteran, served during WWII era <svar v="PR90A580 PR90A465 PR90A466 PR90A467 PR90A468 PR90A471 PR90A472 PR90A473 PR90A469 PR90A462 PR90A464 PR90A463 PR90A573 PR90A572 PR90A439 PR90A440 PR90A460 PR90A461 PR90A474 PR90A475 PR90A477 PR90A476 PR90A444 PR90A445 PR90A446 PR90A442 PR90A430 PR90A431 PR90A435 PR90A436 PR90A443 PR90A437 PR90A438 PR90A441 PR90A447 PR90A448 PR90A450 PR90A451 PR90A452 PR90A453 PR90A454 PR90A455 PR90A456 PR90A522 PR90A470">[Questions 17 through 34 are for individuals aged 15 and over]<br /></svar></p> <p><svar a="all" v="PR90A469"><span class="em">18c. In total, how many years of active-duty military service have you had?</span><br /><div class="i1">____ Years</div><br /></svar> Puerto Rico 1990: Persons age 17+ [discrepancies: none] NIU (not in universe) 1 No 2 Yes, served this period This variable indicates whether persons were engaged in active-duty military service in the armed forces of the United States during the World War II era. IPUMS Veteran of other period <svar v="PR90A580 PR90A465 PR90A466 PR90A467 PR90A468 PR90A471 PR90A472 PR90A473 PR90A469 PR90A462 PR90A464 PR90A463 PR90A573 PR90A572 PR90A439 PR90A440 PR90A460 PR90A461 PR90A474 PR90A475 PR90A477 PR90A476 PR90A444 PR90A445 PR90A446 PR90A442 PR90A430 PR90A431 PR90A435 PR90A436 PR90A443 PR90A437 PR90A438 PR90A441 PR90A447 PR90A448 PR90A450 PR90A451 PR90A452 PR90A453 PR90A454 PR90A455 PR90A456 PR90A522 PR90A470">[Questions 17 through 34 are for individuals aged 15 and over]<br /></svar> Puerto Rico 1990: Persons age 17+ [discrepancies: none] NIU (not in universe) 1 No 2 Yes, served this period(s) This variable indicates whether persons were engaged in active-duty military service in the armed forces of the United States during periods of service not identified in other variables. IPUMS Means of transportation to work <svar v="PR90A580 PR90A465 PR90A466 PR90A467 PR90A468 PR90A471 PR90A472 PR90A473 PR90A469 PR90A462 PR90A464 PR90A463 PR90A573 PR90A572 PR90A439 PR90A440 PR90A460 PR90A461 PR90A474 PR90A475 PR90A477 PR90A476 PR90A444 PR90A445 PR90A446 PR90A442 PR90A430 PR90A431 PR90A435 PR90A436 PR90A443 PR90A437 PR90A438 PR90A441 PR90A447 PR90A448 PR90A450 PR90A451 PR90A452 PR90A453 PR90A454 PR90A455 PR90A456 PR90A522 PR90A470">[Questions 17 through 34 are for individuals aged 15 and over]<br /></svar></p> <p><svar a="all" v="PR90A474"><span class="em">24a. What type of transportation did [respondent] usually use to get to work last week?</span> If more than one method of transportation usually was used during the trip, mark (X) the box of the one used for most of the distance.<br /><div class="i1">[] 1 Car, truck, or van<br />[] 2 Bus<br />[] 3 <span class="lang">Publico</span><br />[] 4 Ferryboat<br />[] 5 Taxicab<br />[] 6 Motorcycle<br />[] 7 Bicycle<br />[] 8 Walked<br />[] 9 Worked at home -- Skip to 29<br />[] 10 Other method</div><br /></svar> Puerto Rico 1990: Persons age 16+ who were at work last week [discrepancies: none] 00 NIU (not in universe) 10 Auto, truck, or van 20 Motorcycle 31 Bus or trolley bus 32 Streetcar or trolley car 35 Taxicab 36 Ferryboat (launch in Puerto Rico) 40 Bicycle 50 Walked only 60 Other 70 Worked at home This variable indicates the respondent's primary means of transportation to work on the most recent day worked, or over the course of the previous week. IPUMS Vehicle occupancy <svar v="PR90A580 PR90A465 PR90A466 PR90A467 PR90A468 PR90A471 PR90A472 PR90A473 PR90A469 PR90A462 PR90A464 PR90A463 PR90A573 PR90A572 PR90A439 PR90A440 PR90A460 PR90A461 PR90A474 PR90A475 PR90A477 PR90A476 PR90A444 PR90A445 PR90A446 PR90A442 PR90A430 PR90A431 PR90A435 PR90A436 PR90A443 PR90A437 PR90A438 PR90A441 PR90A447 PR90A448 PR90A450 PR90A451 PR90A452 PR90A453 PR90A454 PR90A455 PR90A456 PR90A522 PR90A470">[Questions 17 through 34 are for individuals aged 15 and over]<br /></svar></p> <p><svar a="all" v="PR90A475"><span class="em">24b. Ask only if "car, truck, or van" is marked in 24a.</span><br /><span class="em">How many people, including [respondent], usually rode together last week?</span><br /><div class="i1">[] 1 Drove alone<br />[] 2 2 people<br />[] 3 3 people<br />[] 4 4 people<br />[] 5 5 people<br />[] 6 6 people<br />[] 7 7 to 9 people<br />[] 8 10 or more people</div><br /></svar> Puerto Rico 1990: Persons age 16+ who worked last week and used their own car [discrepancies: none] NIU (not in universe) 1 Drives alone 2 2 people 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 8 7 to 9 9 10 or more This variable indicates how many people (including the respondent) usually rode to work in the vehicle that the respondent took to work during the previous week. IPUMS Travel time to work <svar v="PR90A580 PR90A465 PR90A466 PR90A467 PR90A468 PR90A471 PR90A472 PR90A473 PR90A469 PR90A462 PR90A464 PR90A463 PR90A573 PR90A572 PR90A439 PR90A440 PR90A460 PR90A461 PR90A474 PR90A475 PR90A477 PR90A476 PR90A444 PR90A445 PR90A446 PR90A442 PR90A430 PR90A431 PR90A435 PR90A436 PR90A443 PR90A437 PR90A438 PR90A441 PR90A447 PR90A448 PR90A450 PR90A451 PR90A452 PR90A453 PR90A454 PR90A455 PR90A456 PR90A522 PR90A470">[Questions 17 through 34 are for individuals aged 15 and over]<br /></svar></p> <p><svar a="all" v="PR90A476"><span class="em">25b. How many minutes did it usually take [respondent] to get from home to work last week?</span><br /><div class="i1">____ Minutes -- Skip to 29</div><br /></svar> Puerto Rico 1990: Persons age 16+ who worked outside the home last week [discrepancies: none] 00 NIU (not in universe) 01 1 02 2 03 3 04 4 05 5 06 6 07 7 08 8 09 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 15 16 16 17 17 18 18 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 22 23 23 25 25 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 35 35 36 36 38 38 39 39 40 40 42 42 45 45 46 46 48 48 50 50 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 56 58 58 59 59 60 60 62 62 63 63 65 65 67 67 68 68 70 70 71 71 72 72 73 73 74 74 75 75 80 80 85 85 90 90 95 95 99 99 This variable indicates the total amount of time, in minutes, that it usually took the respondent to get from home to work last week. IPUMS Time of departure for work <svar v="PR90A580 PR90A465 PR90A466 PR90A467 PR90A468 PR90A471 PR90A472 PR90A473 PR90A469 PR90A462 PR90A464 PR90A463 PR90A573 PR90A572 PR90A439 PR90A440 PR90A460 PR90A461 PR90A474 PR90A475 PR90A477 PR90A476 PR90A444 PR90A445 PR90A446 PR90A442 PR90A430 PR90A431 PR90A435 PR90A436 PR90A443 PR90A437 PR90A438 PR90A441 PR90A447 PR90A448 PR90A450 PR90A451 PR90A452 PR90A453 PR90A454 PR90A455 PR90A456 PR90A522 PR90A470">[Questions 17 through 34 are for individuals aged 15 and over]<br /></svar></p> <p><svar a="all" v="PR90A477"><span class="em">25a. What time did [respondent] usually leave home to go to work last week?</span><br />"Usually" means on most days last week.<br /><div class="i1">____</div><br /><div class="i2">[] 1 a.m.<br />[] 2 p.m.</div><br /></svar> Puerto Rico 1990: Persons age 16+ who worked outside the home last week [discrepancies: none] 0000 NIU (not in universe) 0010 10 0015 15 0023 23 0024 24 0025 25 0030 30 0036 36 0040 40 0050 50 0053 53 0055 55 0100 100 0110 110 0120 120 0130 130 0140 140 0145 145 0155 155 0200 200 0215 215 0220 220 0230 230 0240 240 0245 245 0250 250 0300 300 0315 315 0320 320 0330 330 0340 340 0345 345 0350 350 0355 355 0400 400 0405 405 0410 410 0415 415 0420 420 0425 425 0430 430 0435 435 0440 440 0445 445 0450 450 0455 455 0500 500 0503 503 0505 505 0510 510 0514 514 0515 515 0520 520 0524 524 0525 525 0530 530 0535 535 0538 538 0540 540 0542 542 0543 543 0545 545 0550 550 0555 555 0559 559 0600 600 0603 603 0605 605 0610 610 0612 612 0614 614 0615 615 0620 620 0625 625 0630 630 0635 635 0638 638 0640 640 0642 642 0645 645 0648 648 0650 650 0651 651 0655 655 0657 657 0659 659 0700 700 0704 704 0705 705 0706 706 0708 708 0710 710 0714 714 0715 715 0718 718 0720 720 0725 725 0730 730 0731 731 0732 732 0733 733 0735 735 0738 738 0740 740 0745 745 0746 746 0747 747 0750 750 0754 754 0755 755 0756 756 0800 800 0801 801 0805 805 0810 810 0814 814 0815 815 0820 820 0825 825 0830 830 0840 840 0845 845 0850 850 0855 855 0858 858 0900 900 0901 901 0905 905 0915 915 0920 920 0930 930 0940 940 0945 945 0950 950 0955 955 1000 1000 1010 1010 1015 1015 1030 1030 1040 1040 1045 1045 1050 1050 1057 1057 1100 1100 1110 1110 1115 1115 1120 1120 1130 1130 1140 1140 1145 1145 1150 1150 1200 1200 1210 1210 1215 1215 1225 1225 1230 1230 1240 1240 1245 1245 1250 1250 1255 1255 1300 1300 1303 1303 1310 1310 1315 1315 1320 1320 1325 1325 1330 1330 1340 1340 1345 1345 1350 1350 1355 1355 1400 1400 1410 1410 1414 1414 1415 1415 1420 1420 1425 1425 1430 1430 1440 1440 1445 1445 1450 1450 1455 1455 1459 1459 1500 1500 1505 1505 1510 1510 1515 1515 1520 1520 1530 1530 1535 1535 1540 1540 1542 1542 1545 1545 1550 1550 1555 1555 1600 1600 1615 1615 1630 1630 1640 1640 1645 1645 1650 1650 1700 1700 1710 1710 1715 1715 1720 1720 1730 1730 1740 1740 1745 1745 1750 1750 1755 1755 1800 1800 1810 1810 1815 1815 1820 1820 1830 1830 1840 1840 1845 1845 1850 1850 1900 1900 1914 1914 1915 1915 1920 1920 1930 1930 1940 1940 1945 1945 1950 1950 2000 2000 2006 2006 2015 2015 2030 2030 2045 2045 2100 2100 2115 2115 2130 2130 2145 2145 2150 2150 2155 2155 2200 2200 2215 2215 2225 2225 2230 2230 2235 2235 2240 2240 2245 2245 2250 2250 2300 2300 2315 2315 2330 2330 2345 2345 2355 2355 2400 2400 This variable indicates the time that respondent usually left home for work last week IPUMS Flag for augmented person Puerto Rico 1990: All persons Unaltered case 4 All person variables allocated This variable is a data quality flag for all persons. IPUMS Flag for age Puerto Rico 1990: All persons Entered as written 4 Allocated This variable is a data quality flag for AGE. IPUMS Flag for time of departure for work Puerto Rico 1990: All persons Not allocated 4 Allocated This variable is a data quality flag for DEPARTS (Time of departure for work). IPUMS Flag for birthplace Puerto Rico 1990: All persons Entered as written 4 Allocated This variable is a data quality flag for BPL (Birthplace). IPUMS Flag for children ever born Puerto Rico 1990: All persons Original entry or Inapplicable (not in universe) 4 Allocated, original entry failed edit This variable is a data quality flag for CHBORN (Children ever born). IPUMS Flag for citizenship status Puerto Rico 1990: All persons Original entry or Inapplicable (not in universe) 4 Allocated This variable is a data quality flag for CITIZEN (Citizenship). IPUMS Flag for class of worker Puerto Rico 1990: All persons Original entry or Inapplicable (not in universe) 4 Allocated This variable is a data quality flag for CLASSWKR (Class of worker). IPUMS Flag for work disability Puerto Rico 1990: All persons Not allocated 4 Allocated, hot deck This variable is a data quality flag for DISABWRK (Disability limiting and/or preventing work). IPUMS Flag for employment status and labor force status Puerto Rico 1990: All persons Original entry or Inapplicable (not in universe) 4 Allocated This variable is a data quality flag for EMPSTAT and LABFORCE (Employment status and labor force). IPUMS Flag for educational attainment Puerto Rico 1990: All persons Original entry or Inapplicable (not in universe) 4 Consistency edit This variable is a data quality flag for EDUCREC, HIGRADE, and EDUC99 (Educational attainment). IPUMS Flag for hours worked last week Puerto Rico 1990: All persons Original entry or Inapplicable (not in universe) 4 Allocated This variable is a data quality flag for HRSWORK1 and HRSWORK2 (Hours worked, categorized). IPUMS Flag for non-farm business, total, and total earned income Puerto Rico 1990: All persons Not allocated 3 Allocated, consistency edit 4 Allocated This variable is a data quality flag for INCBUS, INCTOT, and INCEARN (Non-farm business income, total income, and total earned income). IPUMS Flag for farm, total, and total earned income Puerto Rico 1990: All persons Not allocated 3 Allocated, consistency edit 4 Allocated This variable is a data quality flag for INCFARM, INCTOT, and INCEARN (Farm income, total income, and total earned income). IPUMS Flag for interest, dividend and rental, total, and total earned income Puerto Rico 1990: All persons Not allocated or N/A 3 Allocated, consistency edit 4 Allocated This variable is a data quality flag for INCINVST and INCTOT (Interest, dividend and rental income, total income, and total earned income). IPUMS Flag for other, total, and total earned income Puerto Rico 1990: All persons Original entry or Inapplicable (not in universe) 3 Missing 4 Allocated This variable is a data quality flag for INCOTHER and INCTOT (Other income, total income and total earned income). IPUMS Flag for Social Security, total, and total earned income Puerto Rico 1990: All persons Not allocated 3 Allocated, consistency edit 4 Allocated This variable is a data quality flag for INCSS and INCTOT (Social security income, total income and total earned income). IPUMS Flag for wage and salary, total, and total earned income Puerto Rico 1990: All persons Original entry or Inapplicable (not in universe) 3 Missing 4 Allocated This variable is a data quality flag for INCWAGE, INCTOT, and INCEARN (Wage, and salary income, total income and total earned income). IPUMS Flag for welfare (public assistance), total, and total earned income Puerto Rico 1990: All persons Not allocated 3 Allocated, consistency edit 4 Allocated This variable is a data quality flag for INCWELFR and INCTOT (Welfare (public assistance), total income and total earned income). IPUMS Flag for industry Puerto Rico 1990: All persons Original entry or Inapplicable (not in universe) 4 Allocated This variable is a data quality flag for IND and IND1950 (Industry). IPUMS Flag for disability limiting mobility Puerto Rico 1990: All persons Not allocated 4 Allocated This variable is a data quality flag for DISABMOB (Disability limiting mobility). IPUMS Flag for personal care limitation Puerto Rico 1990: All persons Not allocated 4 Allocated This variable is a data quality flag for PERSCARE (Personal care limitation). IPUMS Flag for place of work Puerto Rico 1990: All persons Not allocated 4 Allocated This variable is a data quality flag for PWSTATE2 (Place of work: state). IPUMS Flag for marital status Puerto Rico 1990: All persons Entered as written 4 Allocated This variable is a data quality flag for MARST (Marital status). IPUMS Flag for retirement, total, and total earned income Puerto Rico 1990: All persons Not allocated 3 Not allocated, derived 4 Allocated This variable is a data quality flag for INCRETIR and INCTOT (Retirement income, total income and total earned income). IPUMS Flag for place of residence 5 years ago Puerto Rico 1990: All persons Original entry or Inapplicable (not in universe) 4 Allocated This variable is a data quality flag for MIGPLAC5, MIGMET5, MIGCITY5, MIGTYPE5, and MIGTYP00 (Place of residence 5 years ago). IPUMS Flag for migration status, 5 years Puerto Rico 1990: All persons Original entry or Inapplicable (not in universe) 4 Allocated This variable is a data quality flag for MIGRATE5 (Migration status, 5 years) . IPUMS Flag for years of active-duty military service Puerto Rico 1990: All persons Not allocated 4 Allocated This variable is a data quality flag for VETYRS (Years of military service). IPUMS Flag for occupant moved into residence Puerto Rico 1990: All persons Not allocated 4 Allocated This variable is a data quality flag for MOVEDIN (When occupant moved in). IPUMS Flag for occupation Puerto Rico 1990: All persons Entered as written 4 Allocated Flag for OCC, OCC1950, SEI, OCCSCORE, OCCSOC and LABFORCE (Occupation, Duncan Socialeconomic Index, occupational income score, and labor force). IPUMS Flag for relationship to household head Puerto Rico 1990: All persons Entered as written 4 Allocated This variable is a data quality flag for RRELATE (Relationship to household head). IPUMS Flag for vehicle occupancy Puerto Rico 1990: All persons Not allocated 4 Allocated This variable is a data quality flag for RIDERS (Vehicle occupancy). IPUMS Flag for school attendance and type Puerto Rico 1990: All persons Original entry or Inapplicable (not in universe) 4 Allocated This variable is a data quality flag for SCHOOL and SCHLTYPE (School attendance and type). IPUMS Flag for sex Puerto Rico 1990: All persons Entered as written 4 Allocated This variable is a data quality flag for sex. IPUMS Flag for speaks English Puerto Rico 1990: All persons Not allocated 4 Allocated, hot deck This variable is a data quality flag for SPEAKENG (Speaks English). IPUMS Flag for travel time to work Puerto Rico 1990: All persons Not allocated 4 Allocated This variable is a data quality flag for TRANTIME (Travel time to work). IPUMS Flag for means of transportation to work Puerto Rico 1990: All persons Not allocated 4 Allocated This variable is a data quality flag for TRANWORK (Means of transportation to work). IPUMS Flag for usual hours worked per week Puerto Rico 1990: All persons Not allocated 4 Allocated This variable is a data quality flag for UHRSWORK (Usual hours worked per week). IPUMS Flag for various periods of military service Puerto Rico 1990: All persons Original entry or Inapplicable (not in universe) 4 Allocated This variable is a data quality flag for VETPER, VETSTAT, VET55X64, VET75X80, VET80X90, VET90X95, VET95X00, VETKOREA, VETOTHER, VETVIETN, VETWWI, VETWWII, VET01LTR, VET47X50, VET90X01 (Veteran status and periods of military service). IPUMS Flag for various periods of military service Puerto Rico 1990: All persons Original entry or Inapplicable (not in universe) 4 Allocated This variable is a data quality flag for VETSTAT, VET55X64, VET75X80, VET80X90, VET90X95, VETKOREA, VETOTHER, VETVIETN, VETWWI, VETWWII, VET01LTR, VET47X50, VET90X01 (Veteran status and periods of military service). IPUMS Flag for weeks worked last year Puerto Rico 1990: All persons Original entry or Inapplicable (not in universe) 4 Allocated, pre-edit This variable is a data quality flag for WKSWORK1 and WKSWORK2 (Weeks worked last year). IPUMS Flag for worked last year Puerto Rico 1990: All persons Not allocated 4 Allocated Flag for WORKEDY (worked last year). IPUMS Flag for year of immigration and years in the U.S. Puerto Rico 1990: All persons Fields OK as written 4 Allocated, hot deck Flag for YRIMMIG, YRSUSA1, YRSUSA2 (year of immigration and years in the U.S.). IPUMS Flag for year last worked Puerto Rico 1990: All persons Not allocated 4 Allocated This variable is a data quality flag for YRLASTWK (Year last worked). IPUMS Worked last week Puerto Rico 1990: Persons age 16+ [discrepancies: none] NIU (not in universe) 1 Did not work 2 Worked 3 Not Reported This variable indicates whether or not respondent worked last week. IPUMS Retirement income <svar v="PR90A580 PR90A465 PR90A466 PR90A467 PR90A468 PR90A471 PR90A472 PR90A473 PR90A469 PR90A462 PR90A464 PR90A463 PR90A573 PR90A572 PR90A439 PR90A440 PR90A460 PR90A461 PR90A474 PR90A475 PR90A477 PR90A476 PR90A444 PR90A445 PR90A446 PR90A442 PR90A430 PR90A431 PR90A435 PR90A436 PR90A443 PR90A437 PR90A438 PR90A441 PR90A447 PR90A448 PR90A450 PR90A451 PR90A452 PR90A453 PR90A454 PR90A455 PR90A456 PR90A522 PR90A470">[Questions 17 through 34 are for individuals aged 15 and over]<br /></svar></p> <p><svar v="PR90A447 PR90A448 PR90A450 PR90A451 PR90A452 PR90A453 PR90A454 PR90A455 PR90A456 PR90A522"><span class="em">33. The following questions are about income received during 1989</span><br /><br />If an exact amount is not known, accept a best estimate. If net income in b, c, d or question 34 was a loss, write "Loss" above the dollar amount.<br /></svar></p> <p><svar a="all" v="PR90A522"><span class="em">33g. Did [respondent] receive any income from retirement, survivor, or disability pensions? </span><br />Include payments from companies, unions, Federal, State, and local governments, and the U.S. military. Do not include Social Security.<br /><div class="i1">[] 1 Yes-- How much?</div><br /><div class="i2">____ Annual amount -- Dollars</div><br /><div class="i1">[] 2 No</div><br /></svar> Puerto Rico 1990: Persons age 15+ [discrepancies: none] This variable indicates how much pre-tax retirement, survivor, and disability pension income, other than Social Security, the respondent received during the previous year. This is a 6-digit numeric variable. Codes20897 = Top code. 999999 = NIU (not in universe). IPUMS Occupation, 2000 basis Puerto Rico 1990: Persons age 16+ who had worked within the previous five years, and persons seeking work who last worked more than 5 years ago [discrepancies: none] 000 NIU (not in universe) 001 Chief executives 002 General and operations managers 003 Legislators 004 Advertising and promotions managers 005 Marketing and sales managers 006 Public relations managers 010 Administrative services managers 011 Computer and information systems managers 012 Financial managers 013 Human resources managers 014 Industrial production managers 015 Purchasing managers 016 Transportation, storage, and distribution managers 020 Farm, ranch, and other agricultural managers 021 Farmers and ranchers 022 Construction managers 023 Education administrators 030 Engineering managers 031 Food service managers 032 Funeral directors 033 Gaming managers 034 Lodging managers 035 Medical and health services managers 036 Natural sciences managers 040 Postmasters and mail superintendents 041 Property, real estate, and community association managers 042 Social and community service managers 043 Managers, all other 050 Agents and business managers of artists, performers, and athletes 051 Purchasing agents and buyers, farm products 052 Wholesale and retail buyers, except farm products 053 Purchasing agents, except wholesale, retail, and farm products 054 Claims adjusters, appraisers, examiners, and investigators 056 Compliance officers, except agriculture, construction, health and safety, and transportation 060 Cost estimators 062 Human resources, training, and labor relations specialists 070 Logisticians 071 Management analysts 072 Meeting and convention planners 073 Other business operations specialists 080 Accountants and auditors 081 Appraisers and assessors of real estate 082 Budget analysts 083 Credit analysts 084 Financial analysts 085 Personal financial advisors 086 Insurance underwriters 090 Financial examiners 091 Loan counselors and officers 093 Tax examiners, collectors, and revenue agents 094 Tax preparers 095 Financial specialists, all other 100 Computer scientists and systems analysts 101 Computer programmers 102 Computer software engineers 104 Computer support specialists 106 Database administrators 110 Network and computer systems administrators 111 Network systems and data communications analysts 120 Actuaries 121 Mathematicians 122 Operations research analysts 123 Statisticians 124 Miscellaneous mathematical science occupations 130 Architects, except naval 131 Surveyors, cartographers, and photogrammetrists 132 Aerospace engineers 133 Agricultural engineers 134 Biomedical engineers 135 Chemical engineers 136 Civil engineers 140 Computer hardware engineers 141 Electrical and electronic engineers 142 Environmental engineers 143 Industrial engineers, including health and safety 144 Marine engineers and naval architects 145 Materials engineers 146 Mechanical engineers 150 Mining and geological engineers, including mining safety engineers 151 Nuclear engineers 152 Petroleum engineers 153 Engineers, all other 154 Drafters 155 Engineering technicians, except drafters 156 Surveying and mapping technicians 160 Agricultural and food scientists 161 Biological scientists 164 Conservation scientists and foresters 165 Medical scientists 170 Astronomers and physicists 171 Atmospheric and space scientists 172 Chemists and materials scientists 174 Environmental scientists and geoscientists 176 Physical scientists, all other 180 Economists 181 Market and survey researchers 182 Psychologists 183 Sociologists 184 Urban and regional planners 186 Miscellaneous social scientists and related workers 190 Agricultural and food science technicians 191 Biological technicians 192 Chemical technicians 193 Geological and petroleum technicians 194 Nuclear technicians 196 Other life, physical, and social science technicians 200 Counselors 201 Social workers 202 Miscellaneous community and social service specialists 204 Clergy 205 Directors, religious activities and education 206 Religious workers, all other 210 Lawyers 211 Judges, magistrates, and other judicial workers 214 Paralegals and legal assistants 215 Miscellaneous legal support workers 220 Postsecondary teachers 230 Preschool and kindergarten teachers 231 Elementary and middle school teachers 232 Secondary school teachers 233 Special education teachers 234 Other teachers and instructors 240 Archivists, curators, and museum technicians 243 Librarians 244 Library Technicians 254 Teacher assistants 255 Other education, training, and library workers 260 Artists and related workers 263 Designers 270 Actors 271 Producers and directors 272 Athletes, coaches, umpires, and related workers 274 Dancers and choreographers 275 Musicians, singers, and related workers 276 Entertainers and performers, sports and related workers, all other 280 Announcers 281 News analysts, reporters and correspondents 282 Public relations specialists 283 Editors 284 Technical writers 285 Writers and authors 286 Miscellaneous media and communication workers 290 Broadcast and sound engineering technicians and radio operators 291 Photographers 292 Television, video, and motion picture camera operators and editors 296 Media and communication equipment workers, all other 300 Chiropractors 301 Dentists 303 Dietitians and nutritionists 304 Optometrists 305 Pharmacists 306 Physicians and surgeons 311 Physician assistants 312 Podiatrists 313 Registered nurses 314 Audiologists 315 Occupational therapists 316 Physical therapists 320 Radiation therapists 321 Recreational therapists 322 Respiratory therapists 323 Speech-language pathologists 324 Therapists, all other 325 Veterinarians 326 Health diagnosing and treating practitioners, all other 330 Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians 331 Dental hygienists 332 Diagnostic related technologists and technicians 340 Emergency medical technicians and paramedics 341 Health diagnosing and treating practitioner support technicians 350 Licensed practical and licensed vocational nurses 351 Medical records and health information technicians 352 Opticians, dispensing 353 Miscellaneous health technologists and technicians 354 Other healthcare practitioners and technical occupations 360 Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides 361 Occupational therapist assistants and aides 362 Physical therapist assistants and aides 363 Massage therapists 364 Dental assistants 365 Medical assistants and other healthcare support occupations 370 First-line supervisors/managers of correctional officers 371 First-line supervisors/managers of police and detectives 372 First-line supervisors/managers of fire fighting and prevention workers 373 Supervisors, protective service workers, all other 374 Fire fighters 375 Fire inspectors 380 Bailiffs, correctional officers, and jailers 382 Detectives and criminal investigators 383 Fish and game wardens 384 Parking enforcement workers 385 Police and sheriff's patrol officers 386 Transit and railroad police 390 Animal control workers 391 Private detectives and investigators 392 Security guards and gaming surveillance officers 394 Crossing guards 395 Lifeguards and other protective service workers 400 Chefs and head cooks 401 First-line supervisors/managers of food preparation and serving workers 402 Cooks 403 Food preparation workers 404 Bartenders 405 Combined food preparation and serving workers, including fast food 406 Counter attendants, cafeteria, food concession, and coffee shop 411 Waiters and waitresses 412 Food servers, nonrestaurant 413 Dining room and cafeteria attendants and bartender helpers 414 Dishwashers 415 Hosts and hostesses, restaurant, lounge, and coffee shop 416 Food preparation and serving related workers, all other 420 First-line supervisors/managers of housekeeping and janitorial workers 421 First-line supervisors/managers of landscaping, lawn service, and groundskeeping workers 422 Janitors and building cleaners 423 Maids and housekeeping cleaners 424 Pest control workers 425 Grounds maintenance workers 430 First-line supervisors/managers of gaming workers 432 First-line supervisors/managers of personal service workers 434 Animal trainers 435 Nonfarm animal caretakers 440 Gaming services workers 441 Motion picture projectionists 442 Ushers, lobby attendants, and ticket takers 443 Miscellaneous entertainment attendants and related workers 446 Funeral service workers 450 Barbers 451 Hairdressers, hairstylists, and cosmetologists 452 Miscellaneous personal appearance workers 453 Baggage porters, bellhops, and concierges 454 Tour and travel guides 455 Transportation attendants 460 Child care workers 461 Personal and home care aides 462 Recreation and fitness workers 464 Residential advisors 465 Personal care and service workers, all other 470 First-line supervisors/managers of retail sales workers 471 First-line supervisors/managers of non-retail sales workers 472 Cashiers 474 Counter and rental clerks 475 Parts salespersons 476 Retail salespersons 480 Advertising sales agents 481 Insurance sales agents 482 Securities, commodities, and financial services sales agents 483 Travel agents 484 Sales representatives, services, all other 485 Sales representatives, wholesale and manufacturing 490 Models, demonstrators, and product promoters 492 Real estate brokers and sales agents 493 Sales engineers 494 Telemarketers 495 Door-to-door sales workers, news and street vendors, and related workers 496 Sales and related workers, all other 500 First-line supervisors/managers of office and administrative support workers 501 Switchboard operators, including answering service 502 Telephone operators 503 Communications equipment operators, all other 510 Bill and account collectors 511 Billing and posting clerks and machine operators 512 Bookkeeping, accounting, and auditing clerks 513 Gaming cage workers 514 Payroll and timekeeping clerks 515 Procurement clerks 516 Tellers 520 Brokerage clerks 521 Correspondence clerks 522 Court, municipal, and license clerks 523 Credit authorizers, checkers, and clerks 524 Customer service representatives 525 Eligibility interviewers, government programs 526 File Clerks 530 Hotel, motel, and resort desk clerks 531 Interviewers, except eligibility and loan 532 Library assistants, clerical 533 Loan interviewers and clerks 534 New accounts clerks 535 Order clerks 536 Human resources assistants, except payroll and timekeeping 540 Receptionists and information clerks 541 Reservation and transportation ticket agents and travel clerks 542 Information and record clerks, all other 550 Cargo and freight agents 551 Couriers and messengers 552 Dispatchers 553 Meter readers, utilities 554 Postal service clerks 555 Postal service mail carriers 556 Postal service mail sorters, processors, and processing machine operators 560 Production, planning, and expediting clerks 561 Shipping, receiving, and traffic clerks 562 Stock clerks and order fillers 563 Weighers, measurers, checkers, and samplers, recordkeeping 570 Secretaries and administrative assistants 580 Computer operators 581 Data entry keyers 582 Word processors and typists 583 Desktop publishers 584 Insurance claims and policy processing clerks 585 Mail clerks and mail machine operators, except postal service 586 Office clerks, general 590 Office machine operators, except computer 591 Proofreaders and copy markers 592 Statistical assistants 593 Office and administrative support workers, all other 600 First-line supervisors/managers of farming, fishing, and forestry workers 601 Agricultural inspectors 602 Animal breeders 604 Graders and sorters, agricultural products 605 Miscellaneous agricultural workers 610 Fishers and related fishing workers 611 Hunters and trappers 612 Forest and conservation workers 613 Logging workers 620 First-line supervisors/managers of construction trades and extraction workers 621 Boilermakers 622 Brickmasons, blockmasons, and stonemasons 623 Carpenters 624 Carpet, floor, and tile installers and finishers 625 Cement masons, concrete finishers, and terrazzo workers 626 Construction laborers 630 Paving, surfacing, and tamping equipment operators 631 Pile-driver operators 632 Operating engineers and other construction equipment operators 633 Drywall installers, ceiling tile installers, and tapers 635 Electricians 636 Glaziers 640 Insulation workers 642 Painters, construction and maintenance 643 Paperhangers 644 Pipelayers, plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters 646 Plasterers and stucco masons 650 Reinforcing iron and rebar workers 651 Roofers 652 Sheet metal workers 653 Structural iron and steel workers 660 Helpers, construction trades 666 Construction and building inspectors 670 Elevator installers and repairers 671 Fence erectors 672 Hazardous materials removal workers 673 Highway maintenance workers 674 Rail-track laying and maintenance equipment operators 675 Septic tank servicers and sewer pipe cleaners 676 Miscellaneous construction and related workers 680 Derrick, rotary drill, and service unit operators, oil, gas, and mining 682 Earth drillers, except oil and gas 683 Explosives workers, ordnance handling experts, and blasters 684 Mining machine operators 691 Roof bolters, mining 692 Roustabouts, oil and gas 693 Helpers--extraction workers 694 Other extraction workers 700 First-line supervisors/managers of mechanics, installers, and repairers 701 Computer, automated teller, and office machine repairers 702 Radio and telecommunications equipment installers and repairers 703 Avionics technicians 704 Electric motor, power tool, and related repairers 705 Electrical and electronics installers and repairers, transportation equipment 710 Electrical and electronics repairers, industrial and utility 711 Electronic equipment installers and repairers, motor vehicles 712 Electronic home entertainment equipment installers and repairers 713 Security and fire alarm systems installers 714 Aircraft mechanics and service technicians 715 Automotive body and related repairers 716 Automotive glass installers and repairers 720 Automotive service technicians and mechanics 721 Bus and truck mechanics and diesel engine specialists 722 Heavy vehicle and mobile equipment service technicians and mechanics 724 Small engine mechanics 726 Miscellaneous vehicle and mobile equipment mechanics, installers, and repairers 730 Control and valve installers and repairers 731 Heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration mechanics and installers 732 Home appliance repairers 733 Industrial and refractory machinery mechanics 734 Maintenance and repair workers, general 735 Maintenance workers, machinery 736 Millwrights 741 Electrical power-line installers and repairers 742 Telecommunications line installers and repairers 743 Precision instrument and equipment repairers 751 Coin, vending, and amusement machine servicers and repairers 752 Commercial divers 754 Locksmiths and safe repairers 755 Manufactured building and mobile home installers 756 Riggers 760 Signal and track switch repairers 761 Helpers--installation, maintenance, and repair workers 762 Other installation, maintenance, and repair workers 770 First-line supervisors/managers of production and operating workers 771 Aircraft structure, surfaces, rigging, and systems assemblers 772 Electrical, electronics, and electromechanical assemblers 773 Engine and other machine assemblers 774 Structural metal fabricators and fitters 775 Miscellaneous assemblers and fabricators 780 Bakers 781 Butchers and other meat, poultry, and fish processing workers 783 Food and tobacco roasting, baking, and drying machine operators and tenders 784 Food batchmakers 785 Food cooking machine operators and tenders 790 Computer control programmers and operators 792 Extruding and drawing machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic 793 Forging machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic 794 Rolling machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic 795 Cutting, punching, and press machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic 796 Drilling and boring machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic 800 Grinding, lapping, polishing, and buffing machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic 801 Lathe and turning machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic 802 Milling and planing machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic 803 Machinists 804 Metal furnace and kiln operators and tenders 806 Model makers and patternmakers, metal and plastic 810 Molders and molding machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic 812 Multiple machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic 813 Tool and die makers 814 Welding, soldering, and brazing workers 815 Heat treating equipment setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic 816 Lay-out workers, metal and plastic 820 Plating and coating machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic 821 Tool grinders, filers, and sharpeners 822 Metalworkers and plastic workers, all other 823 Bookbinders and bindery workers 824 Job printers 825 Prepress technicians and workers 826 Printing machine operators 830 Laundry and dry-cleaning workers 831 Pressers, textile, garment, and related materials 832 Sewing machine operators 833 Shoe and leather workers and repairers 834 Shoe machine operators and tenders 835 Tailors, dressmakers, and sewers 836 Textile bleaching and dyeing machine operators and tenders 840 Textile cutting machine setters, operators, and tenders 841 Textile knitting and weaving machine setters, operators, and tenders 842 Textile winding, twisting, and drawing out machine setters, operators, and tenders 843 Extruding and forming machine setters, operators, and tenders, synthetic and glass fibers 844 Fabric and apparel patternmakers 845 Upholsterers 846 Textile, apparel, and furnishings workers, all other 850 Cabinetmakers and bench carpenters 851 Furniture finishers 852 Model makers and patternmakers, wood 853 Sawing machine setters, operators, and tenders, wood 854 Woodworking machine setters, operators, and tenders, except sawing 855 Woodworkers, all other 860 Power plant operators, distributors, and dispatchers 861 Stationary engineers and boiler operators 862 Water and liquid waste treatment plant and system operators 863 Miscellaneous plant and system operators 864 Chemical processing machine setters, operators, and tenders 865 Crushing, grinding, polishing, mixing, and blending workers 871 Cutting workers 872 Extruding, forming, pressing, and compacting machine setters, operators, and tenders 873 Furnace, kiln, oven, drier, and kettle operators and tenders 874 Inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers, and weighers 875 Jewelers and precious stone and metal workers 876 Medical, dental, and ophthalmic laboratory technicians 880 Packaging and filling machine operators and tenders 881 Painting workers 883 Photographic process workers and processing machine operators 884 Semiconductor processors 885 Cementing and gluing machine operators and tenders 886 Cleaning, washing, and metal pickling equipment operators and tenders 890 Cooling and freezing equipment operators and tenders 891 Etchers and engravers 892 Molders, shapers, and casters, except metal and plastic 893 Paper goods machine setters, operators, and tenders 894 Tire builders 895 Helpers--production workers 896 Production workers, all other 900 Supervisors, transportation and material moving workers 903 Aircraft pilots and flight engineers 904 Air traffic controllers and airfield operations specialists 911 Ambulance drivers and attendants, except emergency medical technicians 912 Bus drivers 913 Driver/sales workers and truck drivers 914 Taxi drivers and chauffeurs 915 Motor vehicle operators, all other 920 Locomotive engineers and operators 923 Railroad brake, signal, and switch operators 924 Railroad conductors and yardmasters 926 Subway, streetcar, and other rail transportation workers 930 Sailors and marine oilers 931 Ship and boat captains and operators 933 Ship engineers 934 Bridge and lock tenders 935 Parking lot attendants 936 Service station attendants 941 Transportation inspectors 942 Other transportation workers 950 Conveyor operators and tenders 951 Crane and tower operators 952 Dredge, excavating, and loading machine operators 956 Hoist and winch operators 960 Industrial truck and tractor operators 961 Cleaners of vehicles and equipment 962 Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers, hand 963 Machine feeders and offbearers 964 Packers and packagers, hand 965 Pumping station operators 972 Refuse and recyclable material collectors 973 Shuttle car operators 974 Tank car, truck, and ship loaders 975 Material moving workers, all other 980 Military officer special and tactical operations leaders/managers 981 First-line enlisted military supervisors/managers 982 Military enlisted tactical operations and air/weapons specialists and crew members 983 Military, rank not specified 992 Unemployed, not classified by occupation 998 Nonclassifiable 999 Occupation illegible/missing/unknown This variable indicates person's occupation, 2000 modal category assignment. IPUMS Occupation, 1990 basis Puerto Rico 1990: Persons age 16+ who had worked within the previous five years, and persons seeking work who last worked more than 5 years ago [discrepancies: none] 000 NIU (not in universe) 003 Legislators 004 Chief executives and general administrators, public administration 005 Administrators and officials, public administration 006 Administrators, protective services 007 Financial managers 008 Personnel and labor relations managers 009 Purchasing managers 013 Managers, marketing, advertising, and public relations 014 Administrators, education and related fields 015 Managers, medicine and health 016 Postmasters and mail superintendents 017 Managers, food serving and lodging establishments 018 Managers, properties and real estate 019 Funeral directors 021 Managers, service organizations, n.e.c. 022 Managers and administrators, n.e.c. 023 Accountants and auditors 024 Underwriters 025 Other financial officers 026 Management analysts 027 Personnel, training, and labor relations specialists 028 Purchasing agents and buyers, farm products 029 Buyers, wholesale and retail trade, except farm products 033 Purchasing agents and buyers, n.e.c. 034 Business and promotion agents 035 Construction inspectors 036 Inspectors and compliance officers, except construction 037 Management related occupations, n.e.c. 043 Architects 044 Aerospace engineers 045 Metallurgical and materials engineers 046 Mining engineers 047 Petroleum engineers 048 Chemical engineers 049 Nuclear engineers 053 Civil engineers 054 Agricultural engineers 055 Electrical and electronic engineers 056 Industrial engineers 057 Mechanical engineers 058 Marine and naval architects 059 Engineers, n.e.c. 063 Surveyors and mapping scientists 064 Computer systems analysts and scientists 065 Operations and systems researchers and analysts 066 Actuaries 067 Statisticians 068 Mathematical scientists, n.e.c. 069 Physicists and astronomers 073 Chemists, except biochemists 074 Atmospheric and space scientists 075 Geologists and geodesists 076 Physical scientists, n.e.c. 077 Agricultural and food scientists 078 Biological and life scientists 079 Forestry and conservation scientists 083 Medical scientists 084 Physicians 085 Dentists 086 Veterinarians 087 Optometrists 088 Podiatrists 089 Health diagnosing practitioners, n.e.c. 095 Registered nurses 096 Pharmacists 097 Dietitians 098 Respiratory therapists 099 Occupational therapists 103 Physical therapists 104 Speech therapists 105 Therapists, n.e.c. 106 Physicians' assistants 113 Earth, environmental, and marine science teachers 114 Biological science teachers 115 Chemistry teachers 116 Physics teachers 117 Natural science teachers, n.e.c. 118 Psychology teachers 119 Economics teachers 123 History teachers 124 Political science teachers 125 Sociology teachers 126 Social science teachers, n.e.c. 127 Engineering teachers 128 Mathematical science teachers 129 Computer science teachers 133 Medical science teachers 134 Health specialties teachers 135 Business, commerce, and marketing teachers 136 Agriculture and forestry teachers 137 Art, drama, and music teachers 138 Physical education teachers 139 Education teachers 143 English teachers 144 Foreign language teachers 145 Law teachers 146 Social work teachers 147 Theology teachers 148 Trade and industrial teachers 149 Home economics teachers 153 Teachers, postsecondary, n.e.c. 154 Postsecondary teachers, subject n.s. 155 Teachers, prekindergarten and kindergarten 156 Teachers, elementary school 157 Teachers, secondary school 158 Teachers, special education 159 Teachers, n.e.c. 163 Counselors, educational and vocational 164 Librarians 165 Archivists and curators 166 Economists 167 Psychologists 168 Sociologists 169 Social scientists, n.e.c. 173 Urban planners 174 Social workers 175 Recreation workers 176 Clergy 177 Religious workers, n.e.c. 178 Lawyers 179 Judges 183 Authors 184 Technical writers 185 Designers 186 Musicians and composers 187 Actors and directors 188 Painters, sculptors, craft-artists, and artist printmakers 189 Photographers 193 Dancers 194 Artists, performers, and related workers, n.e.c. 195 Editors and reporters 197 Public relations specialists 198 Announcers 199 Athletes 203 Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians 204 Dental hygienists 205 Health record technologists and technicians 206 Radiologic technicians 207 Licensed practical nurses 208 Health technologists and technicians, n.e.c. 213 Electrical and electronic technicians 214 Industrial engineering technicians 215 Mechanical engineering technicians 216 Engineering technicians, n.e.c. 217 Drafting occupations 218 Surveying and mapping technicians 223 Biological technicians 224 Chemical technicians 225 Science technicians n.e.c. 226 Airplane pilots and navigators 227 Air traffic controllers 228 Broadcast equipment operators 229 Computer programmers 233 Tool programmers, numerical control 234 Legal assistants 235 Technician, n.e.c. 243 Supervisors and proprietors, sales occupations 253 Insurance sales occupations 254 Real estate sales occupations 255 Securities and financial services sales occupations 256 Advertising and related sales occupations 257 Sales occupations, other business services 258 Sales engineers 259 Sales representatives, mining, manufacturing, and wholesale 263 Sales workers, motor vehicles and boats 264 Sales workers, apparel 265 Sales workers, shoes 266 Sales workers, furniture and home furnishings 267 Sales workers, radio, TV, hi-fi, and appliances 268 Sales workers, hardware and building supplies 269 Sales workers, parts 274 Sales workers, other commodities 275 Sales counter clerks 276 Cashiers 277 Street and door-to-door sales workers 278 News vendors 283 Demonstrators, promoters and models, sales 284 Auctioneers 285 Sales support occupations, n.e.c. 290 Sales workers -- allocated 303 Supervisors, general office 304 Supervisors, computer equipment operators 305 Supervisors, financial records processing 306 Chief communications operators 307 Supervisors; distribution, scheduling, and adjusting clerks 308 Computer operators 309 Peripheral equipment operators 313 Secretaries 314 Stenographers 315 Typists 316 Interviewers 317 Hotel clerks 318 Transportation ticket and reservation agents 319 Receptionists 323 Information clerks, n.e.c. 325 Classified-ad clerks 326 Correspondence clerks 327 Order clerks 328 Personnel clerks, except payroll and timekeeping 329 Library clerks 335 File clerks 336 Records clerks 337 Bookkeepers, accounting, and auditing clerks 338 Payroll and timekeeping clerks 339 Billing clerks 343 Cost and rate clerks 344 Billing, posting, and calculating machine operators 345 Duplicating machine operators 346 Mail preparing and paper handling machine operators 347 Office machine operators, n.e.c. 348 Telephone operators 353 Communications equipment operators, n.e.c. 354 Postal clerks except mail carriers 355 Mail carriers, postal service 356 Mail clerks, except postal service 357 Messengers 359 Dispatchers 363 Production coordinators 364 Traffic, shipping, and receiving clerks 365 Stock and inventory clerks 366 Meter readers 368 Weighers, measurers, checkers, and samplers 373 Expediters 374 Material recording, scheduling, and distributing clerks, n.e.c. 375 Insurance adjusters, examiners, and investigators 376 Investigators and adjusters, except insurance 377 Eligibility clerks, social welfare 378 Bill and account collectors 379 General office clerks 383 Bank tellers 384 Proofreaders 385 Data-entry keyers 386 Statistical clerks 387 Teachers' aides 389 Administrative support occupations, n.e.c. 390 Professional, technical, and kindred workers -- allocated 391 Clerical and kindred workers -- allocated 403 Launderers and ironers 404 Cooks, private household 405 Housekeepers and butlers 406 Child care workers, private household 407 Private household cleaners and servants 408 Private household workers -- allocated 413 Supervisors, firefighting and fire prevention occupations 414 Supervisors, police and detectives 415 Supervisors, guards 416 Fire inspection and fire prevention occupations 417 Firefighting occupations 418 Police and detectives, public service 423 Sheriffs, bailiffs, and other law enforcement officers 424 Correctional institution officers 425 Crossing guards 426 Guards and police, except public service 427 Protective service occupations, n.e.c. 433 Supervisors, food preparation and service occupations 434 Bartenders 435 Waiters and waitresses 436 Cooks 438 Food counter, fountain and related occupations 439 Kitchen workers, food preparation 443 Waiters'/waitresses' assistants 444 Miscellaneous food preparation occupations 445 Dental assistants 446 Health aides, except nursing 447 Nursing aides, orderlies, and attendants 448 Supervisors, cleaning and building service workers 449 Maids and housemen 453 Janitors and cleaners 454 Elevator operators 455 Pest control occupations 456 Supervisors, personal service occupations 457 Barbers 458 Hairdressers and cosmetologists 459 Attendants, amusement and recreation facilities 461 Guides 462 Ushers 463 Public transportation attendants 464 Baggage porters and bellhops 465 Welfare service aides 466 Family child care providers 467 Early childhood teachers' assistants 468 Child care workers, n.e.c. 469 Personal service occupations, n.e.c. 473 Farmers, except horticultural 474 Horticultural specialty farmers 475 Managers, farms, except horticultural 476 Managers, horticultural specialty farms 477 Supervisors, farm workers 479 Farm workers 480 Farm laborers and farm foreman -- allocated 483 Marine life cultivation workers 484 Nursery workers 485 Supervisors, related agricultural occupations 486 Groundskeepers and gardeners, except farm 487 Animal caretakers, except farm 488 Graders and sorters, agricultural products 489 Inspectors, agricultural products 494 Supervisors, forestry, and logging workers 495 Forestry workers except logging 496 Timber cutting and logging occupations 497 Captains and other officers, fishing vessels 498 Fishers 499 Hunters and trappers 503 Supervisors, mechanics and repairers 505 Automobile mechanics 506 Automobile mechanic apprentices 507 Bus, truck, and stationary engine mechanics 508 Aircraft engine mechanics 509 Small engine repairers 514 Automobile body and related repairers 515 Aircraft mechanics, except engine 516 Heavy equipment mechanics 517 Farm equipment mechanics 518 Industrial machinery repairers 519 Machinery maintenance occupations 523 Electronic repairers, communications and industrial equipment 525 Data processing equipment repairers 526 Household appliance and power tool repairers 527 Telephone line installers and repairers 529 Telephone installers and repairers 533 Misc. electrical and electronic equipment repairers 534 Heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration mechanics 535 Camera, watch, and musical instrument repairers 536 Locksmiths and safe repairers 538 Office machine repairers 539 Mechanical controls and valve repairers 543 Elevator installers and repairers 544 Millwrights 547 Mechanics and repairers, n.e.c. 549 Mechanics and repairers, n.s. 553 Supervisors, brickmasons, stonemasons, and tile setters 554 Supervisors, carpenters and related workers 555 Supervisors, electricians and power transmission installers 556 Supervisors, painters, paperhangers, and plasterers 557 Supervisors, plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters 558 Supervisors, construction, n.e.c. 563 Brickmasons and stonemasons 564 Brickmason and stonemason apprentices 565 Tile setters, hard and soft 566 Carpet installers 567 Carpenters 569 Carpenter apprentices 573 Drywall installers 575 Electricians 576 Electrician apprentices 577 Electrical power installers and repairers 579 Painters, construction and maintenance 583 Paperhangers 584 Plasterers 585 Plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters 587 Plumber, pipe fitter, and steamfitter apprentices 588 Concrete and terrazzo finishers 589 Glaziers 593 Insulation workers 594 Paving, surfacing, and tamping equipment operators 595 Roofers 596 Sheetmetal duct installers 597 Structural metal workers 598 Drillers, earth 599 Construction trades, n.e.c. 613 Supervisors, extractive occupations 614 Drillers, oil well 615 Explosives workers 616 Mining machine operators 617 Mining occupations, n.e.c. 628 Supervisors, production occupations 634 Tool and die makers 635 Tool and die maker apprentices 636 Precision assemblers, metal 637 Machinists 639 Machinist apprentices 643 Boilermakers 644 Precision grinders, filers, and tool sharpeners 645 Patternmakers and model makers, metal 646 Lay-out workers 647 Precious stones and metals workers (jewelers) 649 Engravers, metal 653 Sheet metal workers 654 Sheet metal worker apprentices 655 Miscellaneous precision metal workers 656 Patternmakers and model makers, wood 657 Cabinet makers and bench carpenters 658 Furniture and wood finishers 659 Miscellaneous precision woodworkers 666 Dressmakers 667 Tailors 668 Upholsterers 669 Shoe repairers 674 Miscellaneous precision apparel and fabric workers 675 Hand molders and shapers, except jewelers 676 Patternmakers, lay-out workers, and cutters 677 Optical goods workers 678 Dental laboratory and medical appliance technicians 679 Bookbinders 683 Electrical and electronic equipment assemblers 684 Miscellaneous precision workers, n.e.c. 686 Butchers and meat cutters 687 Bakers 688 Food batchmakers 689 Inspectors, testers, and graders 693 Adjusters and calibrators 694 Water and sewage treatment plant operators 695 Power plant operators 696 Stationary engineers 699 Miscellaneous plant and system operators 703 Lathe and turning machine set-up operators 704 Lathe and turning machine operators 705 Milling and planing machine operators 706 Punching and stamping press machine operators 707 Rolling machine operators 708 Drilling and boring machine operators 709 Grinding, abrading, buffing, and polishing machine operators 713 Forging machine operators 714 Numerical control machine operators 715 Miscellaneous metal, plastic, stone, and glass working machine operators 717 Fabricating machine operators, n.e.c. 719 Molding and casting machine operators 723 Metal plating machine operators 724 Heat treating equipment operators 725 Miscellaneous metal and plastic processing machine operators 726 Wood lathe, routing, and planing machine operators 727 Sawing machine operators 728 Shaping and joining machine operators 729 Nailing and tacking machine operators 733 Miscellaneous woodworking machine operators 734 Printing press operators 735 Photoengravers and lithographers 736 Typesetters and compositors 737 Miscellaneous printing machine operators 738 Winding and twisting machine operators 739 Knitting, looping, taping, and weaving machine operators 743 Textile cutting machine operators 744 Textile sewing machine operators 745 Shoe machine operators 747 Pressing machine operators 748 Laundering and dry cleaning machine operators 749 Miscellaneous textile machine operators 753 Cementing and gluing machine operators 754 Packaging and filling machine operators 755 Extruding and forming machine operators 756 Mixing and blending machine operators 757 Separating, filtering, and clarifying machine operators 758 Compressing and compacting machine operators 759 Painting and paint spraying machine operators 763 Roasting and baking machine operators, food 764 Washing, cleaning, and pickling machine operators 765 Folding machine operators 766 Furnace, kiln, and oven operators, except food 768 Crushing and grinding machine operators 769 Slicing and cutting machine operators 773 Motion picture projectionists 774 Photographic process machine operators 777 Miscellaneous machine operators, n.e.c. 779 Machine operators, n.s. 783 Welders and cutters 784 Solderers and brazers 785 Assemblers 786 Hand cutting and trimming occupations 787 Hand molding, casting, and forming occupations 789 Hand painting, coating, and decorating occupations 793 Hand engraving and printing occupations 795 Miscellaneous hand working occupations 796 Production inspectors, checkers, and examiners 797 Production testers 798 Production samplers and weighers 799 Graders and sorters, except agricultural 803 Supervisors, motor vehicle operators 804 Truck drivers 806 Driver-sales workers 808 Bus drivers 809 Taxicab drivers and chauffeurs 813 Parking lot attendants 814 Motor transportation occupations, n.e.c. 815 Transport equipment operatives -- allocated 823 Railroad conductors and yardmasters 824 Locomotive operating occupations 825 Railroad brake, signal, and switch operators 826 Rail vehicle operators, n.e.c. 828 Ship captains and mates, except fishing boats 829 Sailors and deckhands 833 Marine engineers 834 Bridge, lock, and lighthouse tenders 843 Supervisors, material moving equipment operators 844 Operating engineers 845 Longshore equipment operators 848 Hoist and winch operators 849 Crane and tower operators 853 Excavating and loading machine operators 855 Grader, dozer, and scraper operators 856 Industrial truck and tractor equipment operators 859 Miscellaneous material moving equipment operators 864 Supervisors, handlers, equipment cleaners, and laborers, n.e.c. 865 Helpers, mechanics and repairers 866 Helpers, construction trades 867 Helpers, surveyor 868 Helpers, extractive occupations 869 Construction laborers 874 Production helpers 875 Garbage collectors 876 Stevedores 877 Stock handlers and baggers 878 Machine feeders and offbearers 883 Freight, stock, and material handlers, n.e.c. 885 Garage and service station related occupations 887 Vehicle washers and equipment cleaners 888 Hand packers and packagers 889 Laborers, except construction 890 Laborers, except farm -- allocated 903 Commissioned Officers and Warrant Officers 904 Non-commissioned Officers and Other Enlisted Personnel 905 Military occupation, rank not specified 909 Last worked 1984 or earlier 999 Occupation illegible/missing/unknown This variable indicates person's occupation, 1990 modal category assignment. IPUMS Consensual marriage <svar a="all" v="PR90A420 PR90A560"><span class="em">5. Marital status</span><br /><br />Mark (X) one box.<br /><br /><div class="i1">[] 1 Now married<br />[] 2 Consensually married<br />[] 3 Widowed<br />[] 4 Divorced<br />[] 5 Separated<br />[] 6 Never married</div><br /></svar> Puerto Rico 1990: Persons age 15+ who are now married [discrepancies: none] NIU (not in universe) 1 Not consensually married, or not reported 2 Consensually married This variable indicates whether a married respondent is consensually married or not. Consensual marriage refers to a marital union that is not prescribed by a legal, civil contract. IPUMS Data quality flag for SPEAKSPA (speaks Spanish) Puerto Rico 1990: All persons Not allocated 4 Allocated This variable is a data quality flag for SPEAKSPA (speaks Spanish). IPUMS Data quality flag for activity while in U.S. Puerto Rico 1990: All persons Not allocated 4 Allocated This variable is a data quality flag for activity while in U.S. IPUMS Data quality flag for USADURR (length of stay in the U.S.) Puerto Rico 1990: All persons Not allocated 4 Allocated This variable is a data quality flag for USADURR (Length of stay in the U.S.). IPUMS Data quality flag for USARESID (Residence in the United States for 6 months or more) Puerto Rico 1990: All persons Not allocated 4 Allocated This variable is a data quality flag for USARESID (Residence in the United States for 6 months or more). IPUMS Data quality flag for USAYRRET (Year of return to Puerto Rico from U.S.) Puerto Rico 1990: All persons Not allocated 4 Allocated This variable is a data quality flag for USAYRRET (Year of return to Puerto Rico from U.S.). IPUMS Data quality flag for VOCSCTYP (Type of vocational school) Puerto Rico 1990: All persons Not allocated 4 Allocated This variable is a data quality flag for VOCSCTYP (Type of vocational school attended). IPUMS Data quality flag for VOCTRAIN (Completion of vocational training) Puerto Rico 1990: All persons Not allocated 4 Allocated This is a data quality flag for VOCTRAIN (Completion of vocational training). IPUMS Main activity in U.S. during stay <svar a="all" v="PR90A568"><span class="em">13d. During the last period [respondent] lived in the United States for 6 or more months, what was [respondent's] main activity?</span><br /><div class="i1">[] 1 In the U.S. Armed Forced<br />[] 2 Working at a job or business (either full or part-time)<br />[] 3 Attending school or college<br />[] 4 Something else</div><br /></svar> Puerto Rico 1990: Persons age 5+ who lived in the U.S for 6 months or more within the last 10 years[discrepancies: none] NIU (not in universe) 1 In U.S. Armed Forces 2 Working at job or business (part or full time) 3 Attending school or college 4 Activity other than U.S. Armed Forces, working at job/business, or attending school/college This variable indicates respondent's main activity in U.S. during stay of 6 months or more. IPUMS Length of last stay in U.S. <svar a="all" v="PR90A569"><span class="em">13b. How long did [respondent] live in the United States during the last period of 6 or more months?</span><br /><div class="i1">[] 1 6 months to a year<br />[] 2 1 to 2 years<br />[] 3 3 to 4 years<br />[] 4 5 years<br />[] 5 6 to 9 years<br />[] 6 10 or more years</div><br /></svar> Puerto Rico 1990: Persons age 5+ who lived in the U.S for 6 months or more within the last 10 years [discrepancies: none] NIU (not in universe) 1 6 months to 1 year 2 1 to 2 years 3 3 to 4 years 4 5 years 5 6 to 9 years 6 10 or more years This variable indicates respondent's length of last stay in the United States if the respondent resided in the United States for 6 months or more during the last five or ten years. IPUMS Residence in the United States for 6 months or more Puerto Rico 1990: Persons age 5+ [discrepancies: none] NIU (not in universe) 1 Yes, within the last 10 years 2 No, not within the last 10 years This variable indicates whether or not the respondent had lived in the United States for the duration of 6 months or more during the last 10 years. IPUMS Year of return to Puerto Rico from U.S. <svar a="all" v="PR90A571"><span class="em">13c. When did [respondent] come or return to Puerto Rico after that period in the U.S.? </span><br /><div class="i1">[] 1 1990<br />[] 2 1989<br />[] 3 1988<br />[] 4 1987<br />[] 5 1986<br />[] 6 1985<br />[] 7 1984<br />[] 8 1983<br />[] 9 1980 to 1982</div><br /></svar> Puerto Rico 1990: Persons age 5+ who lived in the U.S for 6 months or more within the last 10 years[discrepancies: none] NIU (not in universe) 1 This year 2 Previous year 3 2 years ago 4 3 years ago 5 4 years ago 6 5 years ago 7 6 years ago 8 7 years ago 9 8 to 10 years ago This variable indicates the respondent's year of return to Puerto Rico from the United States, if respondent had lived in the United States for 6 months or more during the preceding ten years period and had subsequently returned to live in Puerto Rico at the time of the census enumeration. IPUMS Type of vocational school <svar v="PR90A580 PR90A465 PR90A466 PR90A467 PR90A468 PR90A471 PR90A472 PR90A473 PR90A469 PR90A462 PR90A464 PR90A463 PR90A573 PR90A572 PR90A439 PR90A440 PR90A460 PR90A461 PR90A474 PR90A475 PR90A477 PR90A476 PR90A444 PR90A445 PR90A446 PR90A442 PR90A430 PR90A431 PR90A435 PR90A436 PR90A443 PR90A437 PR90A438 PR90A441 PR90A447 PR90A448 PR90A450 PR90A451 PR90A452 PR90A453 PR90A454 PR90A455 PR90A456 PR90A522 PR90A470">[Questions 17 through 34 are for individuals aged 15 and over]<br /></svar></p> <p><svar a="all" v="PR90A572"><span class="em">21b. At which kind of school was the training received?</span><br /><div class="i1">[ ] 1 Business school, trade school or junior college<br />[ ] 2 High school vocational program<br />[ ] 3 Training program at place of work<br />[ ] 4 Other school -- Specify --&gt; ____</div><br /></svar> Puerto Rico 1990: Persons age 15+ who completed vocational training [discrepancies: none] NIU (not in universe) 1 Business/trade school/junior college 2 High school vocational program 3 Training program at place of work 4 Other school This variable indicates the type of vocational school attended by respondent, if respondent completed some type of vocational training. IPUMS Completion of vocational training <svar v="PR90A580 PR90A465 PR90A466 PR90A467 PR90A468 PR90A471 PR90A472 PR90A473 PR90A469 PR90A462 PR90A464 PR90A463 PR90A573 PR90A572 PR90A439 PR90A440 PR90A460 PR90A461 PR90A474 PR90A475 PR90A477 PR90A476 PR90A444 PR90A445 PR90A446 PR90A442 PR90A430 PR90A431 PR90A435 PR90A436 PR90A443 PR90A437 PR90A438 PR90A441 PR90A447 PR90A448 PR90A450 PR90A451 PR90A452 PR90A453 PR90A454 PR90A455 PR90A456 PR90A522 PR90A470">[Questions 17 through 34 are for individuals aged 15 and over]<br /></svar></p> <p><svar a="all" v="PR90A573"><span class="em">21a. Has [respondent] completed the requirements for a vocational training program at a trade school, business school, hospital or some other kind of school for occupational training? </span><br /><br />Do not include academic college courses.<br /><div class="i1">[ ] 1 Yes<br />[ ] 2 No - Skip to 22b</div><br /></svar> Puerto Rico 1990: Persons age 15+ [discrepancies: none] NIU (not in universe) 1 Yes 2 No This variable indicates whether or not respondent completed vocational training. IPUMS Literacy <svar a="all" v="PR90A574"><span class="em">14. Does [respondent] know how to read and write (in any language)?</span><br /><div class="i1">[] 1 Yes<br />[] 2 No</div><br /></svar> Puerto Rico 1990: Persons age 5+ [discrepancies: none] NIU (not in universe) 1 No, illiterate (cannot read or write) 2 Yes, literate in any language (reads and writes) This variable indicates whether the respondent could read and write in any language. IPUMS Flag for prlit (Literacy) Puerto Rico 1990: All persons Not allocated 4 Allocated This variable is a data quality flag for PRLIT (Literacy). IPUMS Flag for fbpl (Father's birthplace) Puerto Rico 1990: All persons Not allocated 4 Allocated This variable is a data quality flag for FBPL (Father's birthplace). IPUMS Flag for mbpl (Mother's birthplace) Puerto Rico 1990: All persons Not allocated 4 Allocated This variable is a data quality flag for MBPL (Mother's birthplace). IPUMS Speaks Spanish <svar a="all" v="PR90A578"><span class="em">15a. Can [respondent] speak Spanish?</span><br /><div class="i1">[] 1 Yes<br />[] 2 No</div><br /></svar> Puerto Rico 1990: Persons age 5+ [discrepancies: none] NIU (not in universe) 1 Does not speak Spanish 2 Yes, speaks Spanish This variable indicates if respondent speaks Spanish. IPUMS Year of immigration to Puerto Rico <svar a="all" v="PR90A579"><span class="em">8. When did [respondent] come to Puerto Rico to stay?</span><br /><br />If entered country more than once, ask -- What is the latest year?<br /><br /><div class="i1">[] 0 1987 to 1990<br />[] 1 1985 or 1986<br />[] 2 1982 to 1984<br />[] 3 1980 or 1981<br />[] 4 1975 to 1979<br />[] 5 1970 to 1974<br />[] 6 1965 to 1969<br />[] 7 1960 to 1964<br />[] 8 1950 to 1959<br />[] 9 Before 1950</div><br /></svar> Puerto Rico 1990: Persons born outside of Puerto Rico [discrepancies: none] 000 NIU (not in universe) 990 1987 to 1990 986 1985 to 1986 984 1982 to 1984 981 1980 to 1981 979 1975 to 1979 974 1970 to 1974 969 1965 to 1969 964 1960 to 1964 959 1950 to 1959 949 1949 or earlier This variable indicates the year in which a foreign-born person came to Puerto Rico to stay. IPUMS