{"type":"survey","doc_desc":{"title":"CIV_2009_MS_v01_M_WB","idno":"DDI_CIV_2009_MS_v01_M_WB","producers":[{"name":"Antonina Redko","abbreviation":"","affiliation":"","role":""}],"version_statement":{"version":"Version 01"}},"study_desc":{"title_statement":{"idno":"CIV_2009_MS_v01_M_WB","title":"Micro-Enterprise Survey 2009","alt_title":"MS 2009"},"authoring_entity":[{"name":"World Bank","affiliation":""}],"oth_id":[{"name":"TNS Opinion","affiliation":"","email":"","role":"Assistance in survey coordination "},{"name":"Steadman Group","affiliation":"","email":"","role":"Assistance in survey coordination "}],"production_statement":{"funding_agencies":[{"name":"World Bank","abbreviation":"","role":""}]},"distribution_statement":{"contact":[{"name":"","affiliation":"","email":"enterprisesurveys@worldbank.org ","uri":""}]},"series_statement":{"series_name":"Enterprise Survey [en\/oth]","series_info":"An Enterprise Survey is a firm-level survey of a representative sample of an economy's private sector. Firm-level surveys have been conducted since 1998 by different units within the World Bank. Since 2005-06, most data collection efforts have been centralized within the Enterprise Analysis Unit. The Enterprise Surveys are conducted every three to four years across all geographic regions and cover small, medium and large companies.  Data are used to create indicators that benchmark the quality of the business and investment climate across countries.\n\nIn some countries, unregistered businesses and firms with a small number of employees make up a large part of the economy. Micro-Enterprise Surveys target registered establishments with one to four employees, while traditional Enterprise Surveys focus on businesses with five or more workers. Sampling techniques and questionnaires are similar for Micro-Enterprise and Enterprise Surveys."},"study_info":{"abstract":"This research of registered businesses with one to four employees was conducted in C\u00f4te d'Ivoire between August 2008 and February 2009 at the same time with 2009 C\u00f4te d'Ivoire Enterprise Survey. Data from 92 establishments was analyzed.  \n\nMicro-Enterprise Survey topics include firm characteristics, gender participation, access to finance, annual sales, costs of inputs\/labor, workforce composition, bribery, licensing, infrastructure, trade, crime, competition, capacity utilization, land and permits, taxation, informality, business-government relations, innovation and technology, and performance measures. Over 90% of the questions objectively ascertain characteristics of a country's business environment. The remaining questions assess the survey respondents' opinions on what are the obstacles to firm growth and performance.","coll_dates":[{"start":"2008-08","end":"2009-02","cycle":""}],"nation":[{"name":"C\u00f4te d'Ivoire","abbreviation":"CIV"}],"geog_coverage":"National","geog_unit":"Regions covered are selected based on the number of establishments, contribution to employment, and value added. In most cases these regions are metropolitan areas and reflect the largest centers of economic activity in a country.","analysis_unit":"The primary sampling unit of the study is an establishment with one to four employees.","universe":"The whole population, or the universe, covered in the Enterprise Surveys is the non-agricultural economy. It comprises: all manufacturing sectors according to the ISIC Revision 3.1 group classification (group D), construction sector (group F), services sector (groups G and H), and transport, storage, and communications sector (group I). Note that this population definition excludes the following sectors: financial intermediation (group J), real estate and renting activities (group K, except sub-sector 72, IT, which was added to the population under study), and all public or utilities sectors.","data_kind":"Sample survey data [ssd]"},"method":{"data_collection":{"data_collectors":[{"name":"Kiram Consulting","abbreviation":"","affiliation":""}],"sampling_procedure":"The sample for registered establishments in C\u00f4te d'Ivoire was selected using stratified random sampling. Two levels of stratification were used in the C\u00f4te d'Ivoire Micro-Enterprise Survey sample: firm sector, and geographic region. \n\nFor industry stratification, the universe was divided into three manufacturing industries (food, textiles, and other), one services industry (retail) and one residual sector. The initial sample design for micro businesses targeted 120 establishments: 60 in manufacturing and 60 in services sectors. \n\nRegional stratification was defined in terms of the geographic regions with the largest commercial presence in the country: Abidjan, San Pedro, and Yamoussoukro were the three metropolitan areas selected in C\u00f4te d'Ivoire. (Bouake was initially included, but was determined to be too unsafe to conduct survey work and Yamoussoukro was substituted before enumeration began). \n\nGiven the stratified design, sample frames containing a complete and updated list of establishments as well as information on all stratification variables (number of employees, industry, and region) are required to draw the sample for the Enterprise Surveys. It was determined that such lists were not available for Ivory Coast, and the sample frame for registered firms was created through block enumeration. The block enumeration exercise was conducted in September 2008 in the three regions selected for the stratified sample. First, detailed maps were obtained from aerial mappings projected to a usable scale for Abidjan, San Pedro, Bouake, and Yamoussoukro. The following multi-stage approach was then followed. \n\nUsing the maps each city was divided into \"blocks\" and using local knowledge the blocks were classified into strata defined by the predominant spatial use of each block. The classifications used for the blocks included industrial, commercial, commercial\/residential (mixed), and residential. The accuracy of the classification was then tested by site visits to pilot blocks randomly selected from among all blocks for each of the classification types. Twenty pilot blocks in the selected cities and an additional 10 blocks in Bouake (the city that was dropped from the sample due to safety concerns) were enumerated in the pilot. After the classification system was determined to be accurate, another 304 blocks, stratified by classification type, were selected randomly from the list of blocks. Blocks classified as \"residential\" were undersampled relative to industrial and commercial blocks. \n\nThe selected blocks were then enumerated. In the enumeration process for each block, each separate unit, either a whole building or a floor or suite within a building, was identified and its use was classified. For units classified as business establishments, further details were collected on employee numbers, activity, name of business and manager, and contact phone number. \n\nThe quality of the frame was assessed at the onset of the project and was not immune from the typical problems found in establishment surveys: positive rates of non-eligibility, repetition, non-existent units, etc. Given the impact that non-eligible units included in the sample universe may have on the results, adjustments may be needed when computing the appropriate weights for individual observations. The percentage of confirmed non-eligible units as a proportion of the total number of sampled establishments contacted for the survey was 9.4% (102 out of 1,080 establishments for Enterprise Survey and micro samples).","coll_mode":"Face-to-face [f2f]","research_instrument":"The current survey instruments are available:\n- Africa Enterprise Survey MICRO Module (2008) - Ivory Coast \n- Screener Questionnaire.\n\nThe Micro-Enterprise Survey topics include firm characteristics, gender participation, access to finance, annual sales, costs of inputs\/labor, workforce composition, bribery, licensing, infrastructure, trade, crime, competition, capacity utilization, land and permits, taxation, informality, business-government relations, innovation and technology, and performance measures. Over 90% of the questions objectively ascertain characteristics of a country\u2019s business environment. The remaining questions assess the survey respondents\u2019 opinions on what are the obstacles to firm growth and performance.","coll_situation":"Private contractors conduct the Enterprise Surveys on behalf of the World Bank. Due to sensitive survey questions addressing business-government relations and corruption-related topics, private contractors are preferred over any government agency or an organization\/institution associated with government, and are hired by the World Bank to collect the data.\n\nThe surveys were implemented following a two-stage procedure. In the first stage, a screener questionnaire was applied over the phone to determine eligibility and to make appointments; in the second stage, a face-to-face interview took place with the Manager\/Owner\/Director of each establishment. \n\nAll Micro-Enterprise Surveys are conducted in the local languages.","act_min":"Complete information regarding the sampling methodology, sample frame, weights, response rates, and implementation can be found in \"Description of C\u00f4te d'Ivoire Implementation 2009\" in \"Technical Documents\" folder.","weight":"For block enumeration, the weights of registered establishments were calculated by dividing the universe estimates for each cell by the number of completed interviews in that cell. Because the sample of blocks enumerated in the three regions was selected to be representative of the type of block and not region, sample weights are applied within type of block and region. This procedure has been applied in other countries where block enumeration has been used for the Enterprise Surveys.","cleaning_operations":"Data entry and quality controls are implemented by the contractor and data is delivered to the World Bank in batches (typically 10%, 50% and 100%). These data deliveries are checked for logical consistency, out of range values, skip patterns, and duplicate entries. Problems are flagged by the World Bank and corrected by the implementing contractor through data checks, callbacks, and revisiting establishments."},"analysis_info":{"response_rate":"Complete information regarding the sampling methodology, sample frame, weights, response rates, and implementation can be found in \"Description of  C\u00f4te d'Ivoire Implementation 2009\" in \"Technical Documents\" folder."}},"data_access":{"dataset_use":{"conf_dec":[{"txt":"Confidentiality of the survey respondents and the sensitive information they provide is necessary to ensure the greatest degree of survey participation, integrity and confidence in the quality of the data. Surveys are usually carried out in cooperation with business organizations and government agencies promoting job creation and economic growth, but confidentiality is never compromised.","required":"yes","form_no":"","uri":""}],"cit_req":"Where necessary please site the source as \"Enterprise Analysis Unit - World Bank Group https:\/\/www.enterprisesurveys.org\"","conditions":"Aggregate indicators based on Enterprise Analysis Unit data are available to the public at https:\/\/www.enterprisesurveys.org \n\nFirm-level data is also available to the public free-of-charge. In order to access the firm-level data, users must agree to abide by a strict confidentiality agreement available through Enterprise Analysis Unit website by clicking on \"External users register here\" at https:\/\/www.enterprisesurveys.org\/Portal","disclaimer":"The user of the data acknowledges that the original collector of the data, the authorized distributor of the data, and the relevant funding agency bear no responsibility for use of the data or for interpretations or inferences based upon such uses."}}},"data_files":[{"file_id":"F2","file_name":"C\u00f4te d'Ivoire-2009-Micro-full data-1","description":"The file contains the cleaned, raw database.","case_count":"92","var_count":"350","producer":null,"data_checks":null,"missing_data":null,"version":null,"notes":null}],"variables":[{"vid":"V351","name":"idstd","file_id":"F2","var_dcml":"0","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"1","var_end_pos":"6","var_width":"6","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"WEB STD 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frame","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"0","max":"4"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"92","type":"vald"},{"value":"0","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"4","labl":"micro","stats":"92","type":"freq"}],"var_format":"numeric","var_format_schema":"other","fid":"F2"},{"vid":"V362","name":"a6b","file_id":"F2","var_dcml":"0","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"34","var_end_pos":"34","var_width":"1","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"a.6.b screener size","var_qstn_preqtxt":"CONTROL INFORMATION [TO BE COMPLETED BEFORE INTERVIEW]","var_qstn_ivulnstr":"Size of the establishment as determined with the screener questionnaire","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"0","max":"3"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"92","type":"vald"},{"value":"0","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"1","labl":"micro&small 0 and <=19","stats":"87","type":"freq"},{"value":"2","labl":"medium >=20 and <=99","stats":"4","type":"freq"},{"value":"3","labl":"large 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clusters","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"1","max":"3"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"92","type":"vald"},{"value":"0","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"1","labl":"abidjan","stats":"81","type":"freq"},{"value":"2","labl":"san-p\u00e9dro","stats":"9","type":"freq"},{"value":"3","labl":"yamoussoukro","stats":"2","type":"freq"}],"var_format":"numeric","var_format_schema":"other","fid":"F2"},{"vid":"V364","name":"a7","file_id":"F2","var_dcml":"0","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"36","var_end_pos":"36","var_width":"1","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"a.7 establishment is part of a large firm","var_qstn_preqtxt":"CONTROL INFORMATION [TO BE COMPLETED BEFORE INTERVIEW]","var_qstn_ivulnstr":"Identifies establishments that are part of a larger firm","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"1","max":"2"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"92","type":"vald"},{"value":"0","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"1","labl":"yes","stats":"4","type":"freq"},{"value":"2","labl":"no, a firm on its 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INTERVIEW]","var_qstn_qstnlit":"Type of establishment \t\nHQ without production and\/or sales in this location  \t\nHQ with production and\/or sales in this location \t\nEstablishment physically separated from HQ and other establishments of the same firm\nEstablishment physically separated from HQ but with other establishments of the same firm","var_qstn_ivulnstr":"Identifies type of establishment for those that are part of larger firms","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"-7","max":"4"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"4","type":"vald"},{"value":"88","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"-7","labl":"does not apply","stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"1","labl":"hq without production and\/or sales in this location","stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"2","labl":"hq with production and\/or sales in this location","stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"3","labl":"establishment physically separated from hq and other establi","stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"4","labl":"establishment 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apply","stats":"2","type":"freq"},{"value":"1","labl":"yes","stats":"2","type":"freq"},{"value":"2","labl":"no","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"Sysmiss","labl":null,"stats":"88","type":"freq"}],"var_format":"numeric","var_format_schema":"other","fid":"F2"},{"vid":"V370","name":"a12","file_id":"F2","var_dcml":"0","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"46","var_end_pos":"47","var_width":"2","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"a.12 interviewer number","var_qstn_preqtxt":"CONTROL INFORMATION [TO BE COMPLETED BEFORE INTERVIEW]","var_qstn_qstnlit":"Interviewer code","var_qstn_ivulnstr":"Information taken from the screener questionnaire","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"1","max":"22"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"92","type":"vald"},{"value":"0","type":"invd"}],"var_format":"numeric","var_format_schema":"other","fid":"F2"},{"vid":"V371","name":"a13","file_id":"F2","var_dcml":"0","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"48","var_end_pos":"48","var_width":"1","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"a.13 supervisor number","var_qstn_preqtxt":"CONTROL INFORMATION [TO BE COMPLETED BEFORE INTERVIEW]","var_qstn_qstnlit":"Supervisor code","var_qstn_ivulnstr":"Information taken from the screener questionnaire","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"1","max":"12"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"92","type":"vald"},{"value":"0","type":"invd"}],"var_format":"numeric","var_format_schema":"other","fid":"F2"},{"vid":"V372","name":"a14d","file_id":"F2","var_dcml":"0","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"49","var_end_pos":"50","var_width":"2","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"day","var_qstn_preqtxt":"CONTROL INFORMATION [TO BE COMPLETED BEFORE INTERVIEW]","var_qstn_qstnlit":"Date face-to-face interview begins: \nDay (dd)","var_qstn_ivulnstr":"Self-explanatory","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"1","max":"31"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"92","type":"vald"},{"value":"0","type":"invd"}],"var_format":"numeric","var_format_schema":"other","fid":"F2"},{"vid":"V373","name":"a14m","file_id":"F2","var_dcml":"0","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"51","var_end_pos":"52","var_width":"2","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"month","var_qstn_preqtxt":"CONTROL INFORMATION [TO BE COMPLETED BEFORE INTERVIEW]","var_qstn_qstnlit":"Date face-to-face interview begins: \nMonth (mm)","var_qstn_ivulnstr":"Self-explanatory","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"1","max":"12"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"92","type":"vald"},{"value":"0","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"8","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"10","labl":null,"stats":"3","type":"freq"},{"value":"11","labl":null,"stats":"88","type":"freq"}],"var_format":"numeric","var_format_schema":"other","fid":"F2"},{"vid":"V374","name":"a14y","file_id":"F2","var_dcml":"0","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"53","var_end_pos":"56","var_width":"4","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"year","var_qstn_qstnlit":"Date face-to-face interview begins: \nYear (yyyy)","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"2008","max":"2009"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"92","type":"vald"},{"value":"0","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"2008","labl":null,"stats":"92","type":"freq"}],"var_format":"numeric","var_format_schema":"other","fid":"F2"},{"vid":"V375","name":"a14h","file_id":"F2","var_dcml":"0","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"57","var_end_pos":"58","var_width":"2","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"hour","var_qstn_preqtxt":"CONTROL INFORMATION [TO BE COMPLETED BEFORE INTERVIEW]","var_qstn_qstnlit":"Time face-to-face interview begins: \nHour (00 to 23)","var_qstn_ivulnstr":"Self-explanatory","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"0","max":"17"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"92","type":"vald"},{"value":"0","type":"invd"}],"var_format":"numeric","var_format_schema":"other","fid":"F2"},{"vid":"V376","name":"a14min","file_id":"F2","var_dcml":"0","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"59","var_end_pos":"60","var_width":"2","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"minutes","var_qstn_preqtxt":"CONTROL INFORMATION [TO BE COMPLETED BEFORE INTERVIEW]","var_qstn_qstnlit":"Time face-to-face interview begins: \nMinutes (00 to 59)","var_qstn_ivulnstr":"Self-explanatory","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"0","max":"59"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"92","type":"vald"},{"value":"0","type":"invd"}],"var_format":"numeric","var_format_schema":"other","fid":"F2"},{"vid":"V377","name":"b1","file_id":"F2","var_dcml":"0","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"61","var_end_pos":"62","var_width":"2","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"what is this firm's current legal status?","var_qstn_preqtxt":"1) READ THE FOLLOWING TO THE RESPONDENT BEFORE PROCEEDING. The goal of this survey is to gather information and opinions about the investment climate in this country. Ultimately, the information gathered here will help to develop new policies and programs that enhance employment and economic growth. The information obtained here will be held in the strictest confidentiality. Neither your name nor the name of your business will be used in any document based on this survey.\n2) READ OUT THE FOLLOWING INTRODUCTORY SENTENCE ONLY IF A7 = 1 (yes): The first few questions apply to the firm which your establishment is part of. \n3) SHOW CARD","var_qstn_qstnlit":"What is this firm\u2018s current legal status?","var_qstn_postqtxt":"If answer is 3 then SKIP TO B.2","var_qstn_ivulnstr":"A firm's legal status is information well known for the target respondent: CEO, General Manager or owner of the firm.\nENUMERATORS DO NOT NEED TO KNOW THE DEFINITION OF EACH TYPE OF LEGAL STATUS.\n\nA firm's legal status is first determined by whether participation on ownership is by shares (first 2 options) or not (options 3 and 4). The fifth option is a combination of the previous ones. \n\nIf a firm's shares are publicly traded, it is a shareholding company with shares traded in the stock market. If the shares are not traded or they are traded only privately it is a shareholding company with shares traded privately. A shareholding company with shares traded privately is a firm that is owned by partners or shareholders for whom their claims over the firm are not publicly traded. They may or may not be traded privately. In both of these categories firms have limited liability.\n\nA sole proprietorship is a business owned and operated by one individual natural person. A natural person is a real human being, as opposed to an artificial legal entity such as a corporation or organization that the law treats for some purposes as if it were a person distinct from its members or owner(s).\n\nA firm's legal status defines the extent of the liability which defines the level of responsibility of the owner over the firm's obligations. Under limited liability each owner is only responsible for the proportion of his\/her shares.\n\nA partnership allows two or more people to share profits and liabilities, with or without privately held shares. In a partnership, the parties could be individuals, corporations, trusts, other partnerships, or a combination of all of the above. The essential characteristic of this partnership is the unlimited liability of every partner.\n\nLimited partnership is a legal form that includes one or several general partners and one or more limited partners who invest capital into the partnership, but do not take part in the daily operation or management of the business. The limited partners limit their amount of liability to the amount of capital invested in the partnership. The general partners personally shoulder all debts and obligations of the partnership. Business operations are governed, unless otherwise specified in a written agreement, by majority vote of voting partners. Limited liability partnerships are separate legal entities that provide liability protection for all general partners as well as management rights in the business. \n\nCooperatives and state owned firms should be designated as Other. When other is chosen, the actual form of legal status must be specified in writing by the enumerator on the survey instrument.","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"-9","max":"6"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"92","type":"vald"},{"value":"0","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"-9","labl":"don't know","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"1","labl":"publicly listed company","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"2","labl":"privately held, limited liability company","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"3","labl":"sole proprietorship","stats":"87","type":"freq"},{"value":"4","labl":"partnership","stats":"4","type":"freq"},{"value":"5","labl":"limited partnership","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"6","labl":"other","stats":"1","type":"freq"}],"var_format":"numeric","var_format_schema":"other","fid":"F2"},{"vid":"V378","name":"b1x","file_id":"F2","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"63","var_end_pos":"65","var_width":"3","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"b1x.other (specify)","var_qstn_qstnlit":"What is this firm's current legal status? \nOther","var_qstn_ivulnstr":"A firm's legal status is information well known for the target respondent: CEO, General Manager or owner of the firm.\nENUMERATORS DO NOT NEED TO KNOW THE DEFINITION OF EACH TYPE OF LEGAL STATUS.\n\nA firm's legal status is first determined by whether participation on ownership is by shares (first 2 options) or not (options 3 and 4). The fifth option is a combination of the previous ones. \n\nIf a firm's shares are publicly traded, it is a shareholding company with shares traded in the stock market. If the shares are not traded or they are traded only privately it is a shareholding company with shares traded privately. A shareholding company with shares traded privately is a firm that is owned by partners or shareholders for whom their claims over the firm are not publicly traded. They may or may not be traded privately. In both of these categories firms have limited liability.\n\nA sole proprietorship is a business owned and operated by one individual natural person. A natural person is a real human being, as opposed to an artificial legal entity such as a corporation or organization that the law treats for some purposes as if it were a person distinct from its members or owner(s).\n\nA firm's legal status defines the extent of the liability which defines the level of responsibility of the owner over the firm's obligations. Under limited liability each owner is only responsible for the proportion of his\/her shares.\n\nA partnership allows two or more people to share profits and liabilities, with or without privately held shares. In a partnership, the parties could be individuals, corporations, trusts, other partnerships, or a combination of all of the above. The essential characteristic of this partnership is the unlimited liability of every partner.\n\nLimited partnership is a legal form that includes one or several general partners and one or more limited partners who invest capital into the partnership, but do not take part in the daily operation or management of the business. The limited partners limit their amount of liability to the amount of capital invested in the partnership. The general partners personally shoulder all debts and obligations of the partnership. Business operations are governed, unless otherwise specified in a written agreement, by majority vote of voting partners. Limited liability partnerships are separate legal entities that provide liability protection for all general partners as well as management rights in the business. \n\nCooperatives and state owned firms should be designated as Other. When other is chosen, the actual form of legal status must be specified in writing by the enumerator on the survey instrument.","var_sumstat":[{"value":"1","type":"vald"},{"value":"0","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"LTD","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"}],"var_format":"character","var_format_schema":"other","fid":"F2"},{"vid":"V379","name":"b3","file_id":"F2","var_dcml":"0","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"66","var_end_pos":"68","var_width":"3","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"what percentage of this firm does the largest owner(s) own?","var_qstn_qstnlit":"What percent of this firm does the largest owner or owners own?","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"-9","max":"100"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"5","type":"vald"},{"value":"87","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"-9","labl":"don't know","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"17","labl":null,"stats":"2","type":"freq"},{"value":"50","labl":null,"stats":"2","type":"freq"},{"value":"100","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"Sysmiss","labl":null,"stats":"87","type":"freq"}],"var_format":"numeric","var_format_schema":"other","fid":"F2"},{"vid":"V380","name":"b2a","file_id":"F2","var_dcml":"0","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"69","var_end_pos":"71","var_width":"3","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"b.2a private domestic individuals, companies or organizations","var_qstn_preqtxt":"SHOW CARD","var_qstn_qstnlit":"What percent of this firm is owned by each of the following:\t\nPrivate domestic individuals, companies or organizations","var_qstn_ivulnstr":"1) Foreign ownership refers to the nationality of the owners. If the primary owner is a foreign national resident in the country, it is still a foreign owned firm. If the owner is another company or institution owned by individuals who are foreign nationals, then it is foreign owned. \n\nDomestic owners are nationals of the country in which the establishment is located. (Follow the same rule for companies.)\n\nA firm that is a subsidiary of a government-owned firm should be considered government-owned. \n\nFirms that operate under a franchise agreement should be classified according to the nationality of those awarded the franchise.\n\n2) INTERVIEWER: CHECK THAT TOTAL SUMS TO 100%","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"-9","max":"100"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"92","type":"vald"},{"value":"0","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"-9","labl":"don't know","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"0","labl":null,"stats":"11","type":"freq"},{"value":"50","labl":null,"stats":"2","type":"freq"},{"value":"70","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"80","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"100","labl":null,"stats":"77","type":"freq"}],"var_format":"numeric","var_format_schema":"other","fid":"F2"},{"vid":"V381","name":"b2b","file_id":"F2","var_dcml":"0","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"72","var_end_pos":"74","var_width":"3","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"b.2b private foreign individuals, companies or organizations","var_qstn_preqtxt":"SHOW CARD","var_qstn_qstnlit":"What percent of this firm is owned by each of the following:  \t\nPrivate foreign individuals, companies or organizations","var_qstn_ivulnstr":"1) Foreign ownership refers to the nationality of the owners. If the primary owner is a foreign national resident in the country, it is still a foreign owned firm. If the owner is another company or institution owned by individuals who are foreign nationals, then it is foreign owned. \n\nDomestic owners are nationals of the country in which the establishment is located. (Follow the same rule for companies.)\n\nA firm that is a subsidiary of a government-owned firm should be considered government-owned. \n\nFirms that operate under a franchise agreement should be classified according to the nationality of those awarded the franchise.\n\n2) INTERVIEWER: CHECK THAT TOTAL SUMS TO 100%","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"-9","max":"100"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"92","type":"vald"},{"value":"0","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"-9","labl":"don't know","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"0","labl":null,"stats":"79","type":"freq"},{"value":"20","labl":null,"stats":"2","type":"freq"},{"value":"50","labl":null,"stats":"2","type":"freq"},{"value":"100","labl":null,"stats":"9","type":"freq"}],"var_format":"numeric","var_format_schema":"other","fid":"F2"},{"vid":"V382","name":"b2c","file_id":"F2","var_dcml":"0","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"75","var_end_pos":"76","var_width":"2","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"b.2c government\/state","var_qstn_preqtxt":"SHOW CARD","var_qstn_qstnlit":"What percent of this firm is owned by each of the following: \t\nGovernment\/State","var_qstn_postqtxt":"IF 100% TERMINATE","var_qstn_ivulnstr":"1) Foreign ownership refers to the nationality of the owners. If the primary owner is a foreign national resident in the country, it is still a foreign owned firm. If the owner is another company or institution owned by individuals who are foreign nationals, then it is foreign owned. \n\nDomestic owners are nationals of the country in which the establishment is located. (Follow the same rule for companies.)\n\nA firm that is a subsidiary of a government-owned firm should be considered government-owned. \n\nFirms that operate under a franchise agreement should be classified according to the nationality of those awarded the franchise.\n\n2) INTERVIEWER: CHECK THAT TOTAL SUMS TO 100%","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"-9","max":"47"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"92","type":"vald"},{"value":"0","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"-9","labl":"don't know","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"0","labl":null,"stats":"91","type":"freq"},{"value":"10","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"}],"var_format":"numeric","var_format_schema":"other","fid":"F2"},{"vid":"V383","name":"b2d","file_id":"F2","var_dcml":"0","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"77","var_end_pos":"79","var_width":"3","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"b.2d other","var_qstn_preqtxt":"SHOW CARD","var_qstn_qstnlit":"What percent of this firm is owned by each of the following: \nOther","var_qstn_ivulnstr":"1) Foreign ownership refers to the nationality of the owners. If the primary owner is a foreign national resident in the country, it is still a foreign owned firm. If the owner is another company or institution owned by individuals who are foreign nationals, then it is foreign owned. \n\nDomestic owners are nationals of the country in which the establishment is located. 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to run the firm female?","var_qstn_qstnlit":"Is the manager most responsible to run the firm female?","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"-9","max":"2"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"24","type":"vald"},{"value":"68","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"-9","labl":"don't know","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"1","labl":"yes","stats":"10","type":"freq"},{"value":"2","labl":"no","stats":"14","type":"freq"},{"value":"Sysmiss","labl":null,"stats":"68","type":"freq"}],"var_format":"numeric","var_format_schema":"other","fid":"F2"},{"vid":"V394","name":"b5","file_id":"F2","var_dcml":"0","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"98","var_end_pos":"101","var_width":"4","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"in what year did this establishment begin operations in this country?","var_qstn_preqtxt":"READ ONLY IF A7=1 (yes) \nI want to proceed by asking you about this establishment only.","var_qstn_qstnlit":"In what year did this establishment begin operations?","var_qstn_postqtxt":"INTERVIEWER: PROVIDE 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of full-time employees of the establishment when it started operations","var_qstn_qstnlit":"How many full-time employees did this establishment employ when it started operations? Please include all employees and managers","var_qstn_ivulnstr":"The number of permanent, full-time employees for the time that the enterprise began operations should be provided. All employees and managers (including respondent) should be included.","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"-9","max":"3900"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"92","type":"vald"},{"value":"0","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"-9","labl":"don't 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this establishment formally registered when it began operations?","var_qstn_ivulnstr":"Registering refer to registration with the national registry (public or private).\n\nIf and only if the respondent asks what formal registration means explain that it's when the establishment registered with:\n\nXXXXXXX \u201cMinistry or department\u201d","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"-9","max":"2"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"92","type":"vald"},{"value":"0","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"-9","labl":"don't know","stats":"4","type":"freq"},{"value":"1","labl":"yes","stats":"38","type":"freq"},{"value":"2","labl":"no","stats":"50","type":"freq"}],"var_format":"numeric","var_format_schema":"other","fid":"F2"},{"vid":"V397","name":"b6b","file_id":"F2","var_dcml":"0","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"106","var_end_pos":"109","var_width":"4","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"in what year was this establishment formally registered?","var_qstn_qstnlit":"In what year was this establishment 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is the highest level of education of the current top manager?","var_qstn_preqtxt":"INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD","var_qstn_qstnlit":"What is the highest level of education of the current top manager?","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"-9","max":"11"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"92","type":"vald"},{"value":"0","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"-9","labl":"don\u2019t know","stats":"3","type":"freq"},{"value":"1","labl":"no education","stats":"7","type":"freq"},{"value":"2","labl":"primary school","stats":"22","type":"freq"},{"value":"3","labl":"incomplete secondary school","stats":"21","type":"freq"},{"value":"4","labl":"secondary school","stats":"11","type":"freq"},{"value":"5","labl":"vocational training","stats":"12","type":"freq"},{"value":"6","labl":"some university training","stats":"4","type":"freq"},{"value":"7","labl":"graduate degree (ba, bsc etc.)","stats":"11","type":"freq"},{"value":"8","labl":"masters of business administration (mba) from university 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Examples are: ISO (International Organization for Standardization) for manufacturing and services, HACCP (Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point) for food (especially, but not exclusively, for seafood and juices), and AATCC (American Association of Textiles Chemists and Colorists) for textiles.\nCertificates granted only nationally not recognized in international markets are not included.","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"-9","max":"2"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"0","type":"vald"},{"value":"92","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"-9","labl":"don't know","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"-6","labl":"still in 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Self-explanatory","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"-9","max":"2"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"92","type":"vald"},{"value":"0","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"-9","labl":"don't know","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"1","labl":"yes","stats":"4","type":"freq"},{"value":"2","labl":"no","stats":"88","type":"freq"}],"var_format":"numeric","var_format_schema":"other","fid":"F2"},{"vid":"V416","name":"c13","file_id":"F2","var_dcml":"0","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"151","var_end_pos":"152","var_width":"2","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"how many days did it take for you to obtain a water connection?","var_qstn_qstnlit":"In reference to that application for a water connection, approximately how many days did it take to obtain it from the day of the application to the day the service was received?","var_qstn_ivulnstr":"Wait for water connection. 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Self-explanatory\n2) Sensitive question, no clarification can be offered.","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"-9","max":"2"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"4","type":"vald"},{"value":"88","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"-9","labl":"don't know","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"-8","labl":"refusal","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"1","labl":"yes","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"2","labl":"no","stats":"4","type":"freq"},{"value":"Sysmiss","labl":null,"stats":"88","type":"freq"}],"var_format":"numeric","var_format_schema":"other","fid":"F2"},{"vid":"V418","name":"c15","file_id":"F2","var_dcml":"0","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"155","var_end_pos":"156","var_width":"2","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"did you experience insufficient water supply for production in last fiscal yr?","var_qstn_qstnlit":"Over fiscal year 2007, did this establishment experience insufficient water supply for production?","var_qstn_postqtxt":"If answer is No or Don't Know then GO TO QUESTION C.19","var_qstn_ivulnstr":"Insufficient water supply: whenever there is equipment failure or cessation of production operations due to the lack of or reduction in water supply.","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"-9","max":"2"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"92","type":"vald"},{"value":"0","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"-9","labl":"don't know","stats":"2","type":"freq"},{"value":"1","labl":"yes","stats":"11","type":"freq"},{"value":"2","labl":"no","stats":"79","type":"freq"}],"var_format":"numeric","var_format_schema":"other","fid":"F2"},{"vid":"V419","name":"c16","file_id":"F2","var_dcml":"0","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"157","var_end_pos":"158","var_width":"2","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"frequency of incidents of water shortages in a typical month in last fiscal yr","var_qstn_qstnlit":"In a typical month, over fiscal year 2007, how many incidents of insufficient water supply did this establishment experience?","var_qstn_postqtxt":"If answer is 0 or Don't Know then GO TO QUESTION C.18","var_qstn_ivulnstr":"Incidents of insufficient water supply per month can be estimated by considering the number of times water insufficiencies took place per month. 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The purpose of this question is to assess the efficiency in the supply chain. When firms have to maintain a high level of stock, because they cannot rely on a predictable supply of inputs, this is a source of economic inefficiency. Inversely, if supplies of the main input can be relied upon to be easily available, firms will keep low levels of stock on hand.\n\nThe main input is the input that accounts for the highest value among all inputs. It is not the input for which stock is maintained the longest.  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Paid before delivery means the invoice was paid before the shipment arrived.  \n\nb. Paid for on delivery means that the payment was made at the time the shipment arrived. \n\nc. Paid for after delivery means that the payment was made at some period after the shipment had arrived.   \n\n2) INTERVIEWER: CHECK THAT TOTAL SUMS TO 100%","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"-9","max":"100"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"92","type":"vald"},{"value":"0","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"-9","labl":"don't 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2007, what % of total payments received were via formal non-cash payments?","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"-9","max":"-9"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"92","type":"vald"},{"value":"0","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"-9","labl":"don't 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following sources?\nBorrowed from banks (private and state-owned)","var_qstn_ivulnstr":"INTERVIEWER: CHECK THAT TOTAL SUMS TO 100%","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"-9","max":"100"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"92","type":"vald"},{"value":"0","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"-9","labl":"don't know","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"0","labl":null,"stats":"91","type":"freq"},{"value":"33","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"}],"var_format":"numeric","var_format_schema":"other","fid":"F2"},{"vid":"V530","name":"k3e","file_id":"F2","var_dcml":"0","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"452","var_end_pos":"453","var_width":"2","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"% working capital borrowed from non-bank financial institutions in fy 07","var_qstn_preqtxt":"INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD","var_qstn_qstnlit":"Over fiscal year 2007, please estimate the proportion of this establishment's working capital that was financed from each of the following sources?\nBorrowed from non-bank financial institutions","var_qstn_ivulnstr":"INTERVIEWER: CHECK THAT TOTAL SUMS TO 100%","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"-9","max":"100"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"92","type":"vald"},{"value":"0","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"-9","labl":"don't know","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"0","labl":null,"stats":"92","type":"freq"}],"var_format":"numeric","var_format_schema":"other","fid":"F2"},{"vid":"V531","name":"k3f","file_id":"F2","var_dcml":"0","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"454","var_end_pos":"455","var_width":"2","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"% working capital financed by purchases on suppl. credit & cust. advances fy 07","var_qstn_preqtxt":"INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD","var_qstn_qstnlit":"Over fiscal year 2007, please estimate the proportion of this establishment's working capital that was financed from each of the following sources?\nPurchases on credit from suppliers and advances from customers","var_qstn_ivulnstr":"INTERVIEWER: CHECK THAT TOTAL SUMS TO 100%","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"-9","max":"100"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"92","type":"vald"},{"value":"0","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"-9","labl":"don't know","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"0","labl":null,"stats":"88","type":"freq"},{"value":"10","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"20","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"50","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"55","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"}],"var_format":"numeric","var_format_schema":"other","fid":"F2"},{"vid":"V532","name":"k3hd","file_id":"F2","var_dcml":"0","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"456","var_end_pos":"458","var_width":"3","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"% working capital financed from other sources fy 07","var_qstn_preqtxt":"INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD","var_qstn_qstnlit":"Over fiscal year 2007, please estimate the proportion of this establishment's working capital that was financed from each of the following sources?\nOther (moneylenders, friends, relatives, etc.)","var_qstn_ivulnstr":"INTERVIEWER: CHECK THAT TOTAL SUMS TO 100%","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"-9","max":"100"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"92","type":"vald"},{"value":"0","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"-9","labl":"don't know","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"0","labl":null,"stats":"81","type":"freq"},{"value":"20","labl":null,"stats":"3","type":"freq"},{"value":"40","labl":null,"stats":"2","type":"freq"},{"value":"60","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"100","labl":null,"stats":"5","type":"freq"}],"var_format":"numeric","var_format_schema":"other","fid":"F2"},{"vid":"V533","name":"k4","file_id":"F2","var_dcml":"0","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"459","var_end_pos":"460","var_width":"2","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"did this establishment purchase any fixed assets in last fiscal yr?","var_qstn_qstnlit":"In fiscal year 2007, did this establishment purchase any fixed assets, such as machinery, vehicles, equipment, land or buildings?","var_qstn_postqtxt":"If answer is No or Don't Know then GO TO QUESTION K.6","var_qstn_ivulnstr":"Purchase of fixed assets, investments, etc. Self-explanatory","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"-9","max":"2"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"92","type":"vald"},{"value":"0","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"-9","labl":"don't know","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"1","labl":"yes","stats":"30","type":"freq"},{"value":"2","labl":"no","stats":"62","type":"freq"}],"var_format":"numeric","var_format_schema":"other","fid":"F2"},{"vid":"V534","name":"n5a","file_id":"F2","var_dcml":"0","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"461","var_end_pos":"468","var_width":"8","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"total annual expenditure for purchases of equipment in last fiscal yr","var_qstn_qstnlit":"In fiscal year 2007, how much did this establishment spend on purchases of: \t\nMachinery, vehicles, and equipment (new or used)","var_qstn_ivulnstr":"The category machinery, vehicles and 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Vehicles include transport and loading and unloading vehicles. It should include not only the purchase cost but also all other costs involved in the investment such as transport of the item and installation cost. Computer hardware should be considered under equipment\n\nLand, buildings is the annual investment in land, buildings and structures used directly or indirectly by this establishment to produce goods and services. \n\nIncluded are expenditures for new and used structures (including those under construction at the end of last complete fiscal year), fixtures and equipment, additions, major alterations and improvements to existing facilities, and capitalized repairs.","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"-9","max":"4500000000"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"30","type":"vald"},{"value":"62","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"-9","labl":"don't know","stats":"2","type":"freq"},{"value":"8000","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"12000","labl":null,"stats":"2","type":"freq"},{"value":"16000","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"35000","labl":null,"stats":"2","type":"freq"},{"value":"40000","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"120000","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"125000","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"150000","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"200000","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"230000","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"400000","labl":null,"stats":"2","type":"freq"},{"value":"450000","labl":null,"stats":"2","type":"freq"},{"value":"485000","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"500000","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"700000","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"750000","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"1200000","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"1500000","labl":null,"stats":"3","type":"freq"},{"value":"2900000","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"12000000","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"17154000","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"22000000","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"Sysmiss","labl":null,"stats":"62","type":"freq"}],"var_format":"numeric","var_format_schema":"other","fid":"F2"},{"vid":"V535","name":"n5b","file_id":"F2","var_dcml":"0","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"469","var_end_pos":"474","var_width":"6","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"total annual expenditure for purchases of land and buildings in last fiscal yr","var_qstn_qstnlit":"In fiscal year 2007, how much did this establishment spend on purchases of: \t\nLand and buildings","var_qstn_ivulnstr":"The category machinery, vehicles and equipment is the annual investment of anything used directly by this establishment to produce. Vehicles include transport and loading and unloading vehicles. It should include not only the purchase cost but also all other costs involved in the investment such as transport of the item and installation cost. Computer hardware should be considered under equipment\n\nLand, buildings is the annual investment in land, buildings and structures used directly or indirectly by this establishment to produce goods and services. \n\nIncluded are expenditures for new and used structures (including those under construction at the end of last complete fiscal year), fixtures and equipment, additions, major alterations and improvements to existing facilities, and capitalized repairs.","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"-9","max":"1000000000"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"30","type":"vald"},{"value":"62","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"-9","labl":"don't know","stats":"10","type":"freq"},{"value":"0","labl":null,"stats":"16","type":"freq"},{"value":"1","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"100","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"180000","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"353000","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"Sysmiss","labl":null,"stats":"62","type":"freq"}],"var_format":"numeric","var_format_schema":"other","fid":"F2"},{"vid":"V536","name":"k5a","file_id":"F2","var_dcml":"0","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"475","var_end_pos":"477","var_width":"3","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"% of fixed assets funded by internal funds\\ retained earnings in last fiscal yr","var_qstn_preqtxt":"SHOW CARD","var_qstn_qstnlit":"Over fiscal year 2007, please estimate the proportion of this establishment's total purchase of fixed assets that was financed from each of the following sources? \t\nInternal funds or retained earnings","var_qstn_ivulnstr":"1) Fixed assets include any indivisible purchase made by the establishment as described in K.4. Examples include machinery\/equipment, land, buildings, building improvements, etc.  \n\nThe source of funds for these purchases may be diverse, so it is important for the enumerator to make sure that the various sources do add up to 100%.  \n\n2) INTERVIEWER: CHECK THAT TOTAL SUMS TO 100%","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"-9","max":"100"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"30","type":"vald"},{"value":"62","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"-9","labl":"don't know","stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"0","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"80","labl":null,"stats":"2","type":"freq"},{"value":"90","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"100","labl":null,"stats":"25","type":"freq"},{"value":"Sysmiss","labl":null,"stats":"62","type":"freq"}],"var_format":"numeric","var_format_schema":"other","fid":"F2"},{"vid":"V537","name":"k5i","file_id":"F2","var_dcml":"0","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"478","var_end_pos":"479","var_width":"2","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"owners\u2019 contributions or issued new equity","var_qstn_preqtxt":"SHOW CARD","var_qstn_qstnlit":"Over fiscal year 2007, please estimate the proportion of this establishment's total purchase of fixed assets that was financed from each of the following sources? \t\nOwners' contribution or issued new equity shares","var_qstn_ivulnstr":"1) Fixed assets include any indivisible purchase made by the establishment as described in K.4. Examples include machinery\/equipment, land, buildings, building improvements, etc.  \n\nThe source of funds for these purchases may be diverse, so it is important for the enumerator to make sure that the various sources do add up to 100%.  \n\n2) INTERVIEWER: CHECK THAT TOTAL SUMS TO 100%","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"-9","max":"10"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"30","type":"vald"},{"value":"62","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"-9","labl":"don't know","stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"0","labl":null,"stats":"29","type":"freq"},{"value":"Sysmiss","labl":null,"stats":"62","type":"freq"}],"var_format":"numeric","var_format_schema":"other","fid":"F2"},{"vid":"V538","name":"k5j","file_id":"F2","var_dcml":"0","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"480","var_end_pos":"481","var_width":"2","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"% fixed assets financed from issued new debt fy 07","var_qstn_qstnlit":"Over fiscal year 2007, please estimate the proportion of this establishment's total purchase of fixed assets that was financed from each of the following sources? \t\nIssued new debt (including commercial paper and debentures)","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"-9","max":"10"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"30","type":"vald"},{"value":"62","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"-9","labl":"don't know","stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"0","labl":null,"stats":"29","type":"freq"},{"value":"Sysmiss","labl":null,"stats":"62","type":"freq"}],"var_format":"numeric","var_format_schema":"other","fid":"F2"},{"vid":"V539","name":"k5bc","file_id":"F2","var_dcml":"0","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"482","var_end_pos":"483","var_width":"2","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"% of fixed assets that was borrowed from banks in fy 07","var_qstn_preqtxt":"SHOW CARD","var_qstn_qstnlit":"Over fiscal year 2007, please estimate the proportion of this establishment's total purchase of fixed assets that was financed from each of the following sources? \t\nBorrowed from banks (private and state-owned)","var_qstn_ivulnstr":"INTERVIEWER: CHECK THAT TOTAL SUMS TO 100%","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"-9","max":"100"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"30","type":"vald"},{"value":"62","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"-9","labl":"don't know","stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"0","labl":null,"stats":"29","type":"freq"},{"value":"Sysmiss","labl":null,"stats":"62","type":"freq"}],"var_format":"numeric","var_format_schema":"other","fid":"F2"},{"vid":"V540","name":"k5e","file_id":"F2","var_dcml":"0","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"484","var_end_pos":"485","var_width":"2","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"% offixed assets that was borrowed from non-bank financial institutions in fy 07","var_qstn_preqtxt":"SHOW CARD","var_qstn_qstnlit":"Over fiscal year 2007, please estimate the proportion of this establishment's total purchase of fixed assets that was financed from each of the following sources? \t\nBorrowed from non-bank financial institutions","var_qstn_ivulnstr":"INTERVIEWER: CHECK THAT TOTAL SUMS TO 100%","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"-9","max":"80"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"30","type":"vald"},{"value":"62","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"-9","labl":"don't know","stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"0","labl":null,"stats":"29","type":"freq"},{"value":"Sysmiss","labl":null,"stats":"62","type":"freq"}],"var_format":"numeric","var_format_schema":"other","fid":"F2"},{"vid":"V541","name":"k5f","file_id":"F2","var_dcml":"0","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"486","var_end_pos":"488","var_width":"3","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"purchases on credit from suppliers and advances from customers","var_qstn_preqtxt":"SHOW CARD","var_qstn_qstnlit":"Over fiscal year 2007, please estimate the proportion of this establishment's total purchase of fixed assets that was financed from each of the following sources? \t\nPurchases on credit from suppliers and advances from customers","var_qstn_ivulnstr":"1) Fixed assets include any indivisible purchase made by the establishment as described in K.4. Examples include machinery\/equipment, land, buildings, building improvements, etc.  \n\nThe source of funds for these purchases may be diverse, so it is important for the enumerator to make sure that the various sources do add up to 100%.  \n\n2) INTERVIEWER: CHECK THAT TOTAL SUMS TO 100%","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"-9","max":"100"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"30","type":"vald"},{"value":"62","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"-9","labl":"don't know","stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"0","labl":null,"stats":"27","type":"freq"},{"value":"10","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"100","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"Sysmiss","labl":null,"stats":"62","type":"freq"}],"var_format":"numeric","var_format_schema":"other","fid":"F2"},{"vid":"V542","name":"k5hd","file_id":"F2","var_dcml":"0","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"489","var_end_pos":"490","var_width":"2","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"% fixed assets financed from other sources fy 07","var_qstn_qstnlit":"Over fiscal year 2007, please estimate the proportion of this establishment's total purchase of fixed assets that was financed from each of the following sources? \nOther (moneylenders, friends, relatives, etc)","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"-9","max":"100"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"30","type":"vald"},{"value":"62","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"-9","labl":"don't know","stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"0","labl":null,"stats":"27","type":"freq"},{"value":"20","labl":null,"stats":"2","type":"freq"},{"value":"Sysmiss","labl":null,"stats":"62","type":"freq"}],"var_format":"numeric","var_format_schema":"other","fid":"F2"},{"vid":"V543","name":"k6","file_id":"F2","var_dcml":"0","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"491","var_end_pos":"492","var_width":"2","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"does this establishment have a checking and\\or saving account?","var_qstn_qstnlit":"Now let's talk about the establishment's current situation. At this time, does this establishment have a checking or savings account?","var_qstn_ivulnstr":"Checking\/ savings account. Self-explanatory","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"-9","max":"2"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"92","type":"vald"},{"value":"0","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"-9","labl":"don't know","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"1","labl":"yes","stats":"46","type":"freq"},{"value":"2","labl":"no","stats":"46","type":"freq"}],"var_format":"numeric","var_format_schema":"other","fid":"F2"},{"vid":"V544","name":"k7","file_id":"F2","var_dcml":"0","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"493","var_end_pos":"494","var_width":"2","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"at this time, does this establishment have an overdraft facility?","var_qstn_qstnlit":"At this time, does this establishment have an overdraft facility?","var_qstn_ivulnstr":"An overdraft facility is a flexible account that allows firms to draw upon in the event their account balance becomes negative.  The firm will incur fees or are subject to interest payments if they exercise this option.","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"-9","max":"2"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"92","type":"vald"},{"value":"0","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"-9","labl":"don't know","stats":"2","type":"freq"},{"value":"1","labl":"yes","stats":"8","type":"freq"},{"value":"2","labl":"no","stats":"82","type":"freq"}],"var_format":"numeric","var_format_schema":"other","fid":"F2"},{"vid":"V545","name":"afk7a","file_id":"F2","var_dcml":"0","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"495","var_end_pos":"496","var_width":"2","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"for this establishment\u2019s overdraft facility, what is the average interest rate?","var_qstn_qstnlit":"For this establishment's overdraft facility, what is the average interest rate?","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"-9","max":"100"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"8","type":"vald"},{"value":"84","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"-9","labl":"don't know","stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"2","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"5","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"14","labl":null,"stats":"2","type":"freq"},{"value":"15","labl":null,"stats":"2","type":"freq"},{"value":"18","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"Sysmiss","labl":null,"stats":"84","type":"freq"}],"var_format":"numeric","var_format_schema":"other","fid":"F2"},{"vid":"V546","name":"k8","file_id":"F2","var_dcml":"0","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"497","var_end_pos":"498","var_width":"2","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"does this establishment have a line of credit or loan from a financial inst.?","var_qstn_qstnlit":"At this time, does this establishment have a line of credit or a loan from a financial institution?","var_qstn_postqtxt":"If answer is No or Don't Know then GO TO QUESTION K.16","var_qstn_ivulnstr":"A line of credit is an available amount of credit that the establishment can draw upon or leave untapped. Lines of credit usually carry monthly interest rates, and are repaid quickly (as soon as the establishment's cash flow allows for repayment).  They may or may not have a defined date of expiration.\n\nA loan is generally a much less flexible form of finance. It comes in fixed amounts (rather than ranges), carry annual interest rates (either fixed or floating), and they carry a determined term to maturity (finite period for repayment).","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"-9","max":"2"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"92","type":"vald"},{"value":"0","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"-9","labl":"don't know","stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"1","labl":"yes","stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"2","labl":"no","stats":"90","type":"freq"}],"var_format":"numeric","var_format_schema":"other","fid":"F2"},{"vid":"V547","name":"afk8a","file_id":"F2","var_dcml":"0","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"499","var_end_pos":"500","var_width":"2","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"was this most recent credit in the form of?","var_qstn_qstnlit":"Was this most recent credit in the form of?","var_qstn_postqtxt":"INTERVIEWER: IN NEXT QUESTIONS ASK EITHER LINE OF CREDIT OR LOAN DEPENDING ON THE ANSWER GIVEN TO QUESTION AFK8A.","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"-9","max":"2"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"1","type":"vald"},{"value":"91","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"-9","labl":"don\u2019t know","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"1","labl":"line of credit","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"2","labl":"loan","stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"Sysmiss","labl":null,"stats":"91","type":"freq"}],"var_format":"numeric","var_format_schema":"other","fid":"F2"},{"vid":"V548","name":"k9","file_id":"F2","var_dcml":"0","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"501","var_end_pos":"502","var_width":"2","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"type of financial institution that granted the line of credit or loan","var_qstn_preqtxt":"1) INTERVIEWER: IN NEXT QUESTIONS ASK EITHER LINE OF CREDIT OR LOAN DEPENDING ON THE ANSWER GIVEN TO QUESTION AFK8A. \n2) SHOW CARD","var_qstn_qstnlit":"Referring to the most recent line of credit or loan, what type of financial institution granted this loan? \nPrivate commercial banks \t\nState-owned banks or government agency \t \t\nNon-bank financial institutions which include microfinance institutions, credit cooperatives, credit unions, or finance companies \t\t\nOther","var_qstn_ivulnstr":"Institutions that granted loan. Self-explanatory","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"-9","max":"4"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"1","type":"vald"},{"value":"91","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"-9","labl":"don't know","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"1","labl":"private commercial banks","stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"2","labl":"state-owned banks or government agency","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"3","labl":"non-bank financial institutions","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"4","labl":"other","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"Sysmiss","labl":null,"stats":"91","type":"freq"}],"var_format":"numeric","var_format_schema":"other","fid":"F2"},{"vid":"V549","name":"k10","file_id":"F2","var_dcml":"0","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"503","var_end_pos":"504","var_width":"2","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"in what year was the most recent line of credit or loan approved?","var_qstn_qstnlit":"Referring only to this most recent line of credit or loan, in what year was the most recent line of credit or loan approved?","var_qstn_ivulnstr":"INTERVIEWER: PROVIDE FOUR DIGITS FOR YEAR","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"-9","max":"2008"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"1","type":"vald"},{"value":"91","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"-9","labl":"don't know","stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"Sysmiss","labl":null,"stats":"91","type":"freq"}],"var_format":"numeric","var_format_schema":"other","fid":"F2"},{"vid":"V550","name":"afk10a","file_id":"F2","var_dcml":"0","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"505","var_end_pos":"506","var_width":"2","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"what is the rate of interest of this most recent [line of credit or loan]?","var_qstn_qstnlit":"What is the rate of interest of this most recent [line of credit or loan]?","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"-9","max":"25"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"1","type":"vald"},{"value":"91","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"-9","labl":"don't know","stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"Sysmiss","labl":null,"stats":"91","type":"freq"}],"var_format":"numeric","var_format_schema":"other","fid":"F2"},{"vid":"V551","name":"k11","file_id":"F2","var_dcml":"0","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"507","var_end_pos":"508","var_width":"2","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"for the most recent loan, what was the value at the time of approval?","var_qstn_qstnlit":"Referring only to this most recent loan or line of credit, what was its value at the time of approval?","var_qstn_ivulnstr":"Value of the loan. Self-explanatory","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"-9","max":"4000000000"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"1","type":"vald"},{"value":"91","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"-9","labl":"don't know","stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"-8","labl":"refusal","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"Sysmiss","labl":null,"stats":"91","type":"freq"}],"var_format":"numeric","var_format_schema":"other","fid":"F2"},{"vid":"V552","name":"k12","file_id":"F2","var_dcml":"0","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"509","var_end_pos":"510","var_width":"2","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"was est. granted to pay off the loan\/lline of credit from time received?","var_qstn_qstnlit":"Referring only to this most recent line of credit or loan, how much time, in months, was this establishment granted to pay off the loan or line of credit from the time it was received?","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"-9","max":"72"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"1","type":"vald"},{"value":"91","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"-9","labl":"don't know","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"-5","labl":"if no time to pay back was specified","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"2","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"Sysmiss","labl":null,"stats":"91","type":"freq"}],"var_format":"numeric","var_format_schema":"other","fid":"F2"},{"vid":"V553","name":"k13","file_id":"F2","var_dcml":"0","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"511","var_end_pos":"512","var_width":"2","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"financing required for the most recent line of credit or loan","var_qstn_qstnlit":"Referring only to this most recent loan or line of credit, did the financing require collateral?","var_qstn_ivulnstr":"Collateral refers to property of the business or personal property of the manager or owners that is used to secure the loan in the event that the establishment defaults on its payment obligations.  Collateral only refers to real property or financial assets, not to personal guarantees by third parties.","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"-9","max":"2"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"1","type":"vald"},{"value":"91","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"-9","labl":"don't know","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"1","labl":"yes","stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"2","labl":"no","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"Sysmiss","labl":null,"stats":"91","type":"freq"}],"var_format":"numeric","var_format_schema":"other","fid":"F2"},{"vid":"V554","name":"k14a","file_id":"F2","var_dcml":"0","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"513","var_end_pos":"514","var_width":"2","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"type of collateral required for the most recent loan? land, buildings","var_qstn_preqtxt":"INTERVIEWER: READ OUT","var_qstn_qstnlit":"Referring only to this most recent loan or line of credit, what type of collateral was required? \nLand, buildings under ownership of the establishment","var_qstn_ivulnstr":"Collateral refers to property of the business or personal property of the manager or owners that is used to secure the loan in the event that the establishment defaults on its payment obligations.  Collateral only refers to real property or financial assets, not to personal guarantees by third parties.","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"-9","max":"2"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"1","type":"vald"},{"value":"91","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"-9","labl":"don't know","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"1","labl":"yes","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"2","labl":"no","stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"Sysmiss","labl":null,"stats":"91","type":"freq"}],"var_format":"numeric","var_format_schema":"other","fid":"F2"},{"vid":"V555","name":"k14b","file_id":"F2","var_dcml":"0","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"515","var_end_pos":"516","var_width":"2","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"type of collateral required for the most recent loan? equipment","var_qstn_qstnlit":"Referring only to this most recent loan or line of credit, what type of collateral was required? \nMachinery and equipment including movables","var_qstn_ivulnstr":"Collateral refers to property of the business or personal property of the manager or owners that is used to secure the loan in the event that the establishment defaults on its payment obligations.  Collateral only refers to real property or financial assets, not to personal guarantees by third parties.","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"-9","max":"2"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"1","type":"vald"},{"value":"91","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"-9","labl":"don't know","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"1","labl":"yes","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"2","labl":"no","stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"Sysmiss","labl":null,"stats":"91","type":"freq"}],"var_format":"numeric","var_format_schema":"other","fid":"F2"},{"vid":"V556","name":"k14c","file_id":"F2","var_dcml":"0","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"517","var_end_pos":"518","var_width":"2","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"type of collateral required for the most recent loan? accounts","var_qstn_qstnlit":"Referring only to this most recent loan or line of credit, what type of collateral was required? \nAccounts receivable and inventories","var_qstn_ivulnstr":"Collateral refers to property of the business or personal property of the manager or owners that is used to secure the loan in the event that the establishment defaults on its payment obligations.  Collateral only refers to real property or financial assets, not to personal guarantees by third parties.","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"-9","max":"2"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"1","type":"vald"},{"value":"91","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"-9","labl":"don't know","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"1","labl":"yes","stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"2","labl":"no","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"Sysmiss","labl":null,"stats":"91","type":"freq"}],"var_format":"numeric","var_format_schema":"other","fid":"F2"},{"vid":"V557","name":"k14d","file_id":"F2","var_dcml":"0","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"519","var_end_pos":"520","var_width":"2","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"type of collateral required for the most recent loan? personal assets","var_qstn_qstnlit":"Referring only to this most recent loan or line of credit, what type of collateral was required? \nPersonal assets of owner (house, etc.)","var_qstn_ivulnstr":"Collateral refers to property of the business or personal property of the manager or owners that is used to secure the loan in the event that the establishment defaults on its payment obligations.  Collateral only refers to real property or financial assets, not to personal guarantees by third parties.","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"-9","max":"2"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"1","type":"vald"},{"value":"91","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"-9","labl":"don't know","stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"1","labl":"yes","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"2","labl":"no","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"Sysmiss","labl":null,"stats":"91","type":"freq"}],"var_format":"numeric","var_format_schema":"other","fid":"F2"},{"vid":"V558","name":"k14e","file_id":"F2","var_dcml":"0","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"521","var_end_pos":"522","var_width":"2","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"type of collateral required for the most recent loan? other","var_qstn_qstnlit":"Referring only to this most recent loan or line of credit, what type of collateral was required?\nOther forms of collateral not included in the categories above","var_qstn_ivulnstr":"Collateral refers to property of the business or personal property of the manager or owners that is used to secure the loan in the event that the establishment defaults on its payment obligations.  Collateral only refers to real property or financial assets, not to personal guarantees by third parties.","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"-9","max":"2"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"1","type":"vald"},{"value":"91","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"-9","labl":"don't know","stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"1","labl":"yes","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"2","labl":"no","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"Sysmiss","labl":null,"stats":"91","type":"freq"}],"var_format":"numeric","var_format_schema":"other","fid":"F2"},{"vid":"V559","name":"k15","file_id":"F2","var_dcml":"0","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"523","var_end_pos":"525","var_width":"3","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"approx. collateral needed as % of the loan value \\ value of the line of credit","var_qstn_qstnlit":"Referring only to this most recent line of credit or loan, what was the approximate value of the collateral required as a percentage of the loan value or the value of the line of credit?","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"-9","max":"200"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"1","type":"vald"},{"value":"91","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"-9","labl":"don't know","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"100","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"Sysmiss","labl":null,"stats":"91","type":"freq"}],"var_format":"numeric","var_format_schema":"other","fid":"F2"},{"vid":"V560","name":"k16","file_id":"F2","var_dcml":"0","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"526","var_end_pos":"527","var_width":"2","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"in last fiscal yr, did establishment apply for new loans\/lines of credit?","var_qstn_qstnlit":"Referring again to the last fiscal year 2007, did this establishment apply for any loans or lines of credit?","var_qstn_ivulnstr":"Apply for new loans in last year. Self-explanatory","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"-9","max":"2"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"92","type":"vald"},{"value":"0","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"-9","labl":"don't know","stats":"2","type":"freq"},{"value":"1","labl":"yes","stats":"8","type":"freq"},{"value":"2","labl":"no","stats":"82","type":"freq"}],"var_format":"numeric","var_format_schema":"other","fid":"F2"},{"vid":"V561","name":"k17","file_id":"F2","var_dcml":"0","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"528","var_end_pos":"529","var_width":"2","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"main reason for not applying for new loans or new lines of credit","var_qstn_preqtxt":"SHOW CARD","var_qstn_qstnlit":"What was the main reason why this establishment did not apply for any line of credit or loan in fiscal year 2007? \t\nNo need for a loan - establishment has sufficient capital \t\t\nApplication procedures for loans or lines of credit are complex \t\nInterest rates are not favorable \t\t\nCollateral requirements are too high \t\t\nSize of loan and maturity are insufficient \t\nIt is necessary to make informal payments to get bank loans \t\t\nDid not think it would be approved \t\nOther","var_qstn_ivulnstr":"Reasons for not applying for loan last year. Self-explanatory","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"-9","max":"8"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"82","type":"vald"},{"value":"10","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"-9","labl":"don't know","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"1","labl":"no need for a loan - establishment has sufficient capital","stats":"6","type":"freq"},{"value":"2","labl":"application procedures for loans or lines of credit are comp","stats":"39","type":"freq"},{"value":"3","labl":"interest rates are not favorable","stats":"6","type":"freq"},{"value":"4","labl":"collateral requirements are too high","stats":"9","type":"freq"},{"value":"5","labl":"size of loan or maturity are insufficient","stats":"2","type":"freq"},{"value":"6","labl":"did not think it would be approved","stats":"7","type":"freq"},{"value":"7","labl":"other","stats":"13","type":"freq"},{"value":"8","labl":"it is necessary to make informal payments to get bank loans","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"Sysmiss","labl":null,"stats":"10","type":"freq"}],"var_format":"numeric","var_format_schema":"other","fid":"F2"},{"vid":"V562","name":"k18a","file_id":"F2","var_dcml":"0","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"530","var_end_pos":"531","var_width":"2","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"apply for any new loans\/lines of credit that were rejected in last fiscal year?","var_qstn_qstnlit":"In fiscal year 2007, did this establishment apply for any new loans or new lines of credit that were rejected?","var_qstn_postqtxt":"GO TO QUESTION K.21","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"-9","max":"2"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"10","type":"vald"},{"value":"82","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"-9","labl":"don't know","stats":"2","type":"freq"},{"value":"1","labl":"yes","stats":"6","type":"freq"},{"value":"2","labl":"no","stats":"2","type":"freq"},{"value":"Sysmiss","labl":null,"stats":"82","type":"freq"}],"var_format":"numeric","var_format_schema":"other","fid":"F2"},{"vid":"V563","name":"k19","file_id":"F2","var_dcml":"0","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"532","var_end_pos":"533","var_width":"2","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"how many of those loan or line of credit applications were rejected?","var_qstn_qstnlit":"How many of those loan or line of credit applications were rejected?","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"-9","max":"3"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"6","type":"vald"},{"value":"86","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"-9","labl":"don't know","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"1","labl":null,"stats":"2","type":"freq"},{"value":"2","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"3","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"5","labl":null,"stats":"2","type":"freq"},{"value":"Sysmiss","labl":null,"stats":"86","type":"freq"}],"var_format":"numeric","var_format_schema":"other","fid":"F2"},{"vid":"V564","name":"afk20","file_id":"F2","var_dcml":"0","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"534","var_end_pos":"535","var_width":"2","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"in 2007, what was the main reason given by the lender for those rejections?","var_qstn_qstnlit":"In fiscal year 2007, what was the main reason given by the lender for those rejections?","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"-9","max":"6"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"6","type":"vald"},{"value":"86","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"-9","labl":"don\u2019t know","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"1","labl":"unacceptable collateral or cosigners","stats":"2","type":"freq"},{"value":"2","labl":"insufficient profitability","stats":"2","type":"freq"},{"value":"3","labl":"problematic credit history\/report","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"4","labl":"incomplete loan application","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"5","labl":"already high level of indebtedness","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"6","labl":"other","stats":"2","type":"freq"},{"value":"Sysmiss","labl":null,"stats":"86","type":"freq"}],"var_format":"numeric","var_format_schema":"other","fid":"F2"},{"vid":"V565","name":"k21","file_id":"F2","var_dcml":"0","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"536","var_end_pos":"537","var_width":"2","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"financial statements checked & certified by external auditor in last fiscal yr?","var_qstn_qstnlit":"In fiscal year 2007, did this establishment have its annual financial statements checked and certified by an external auditor?","var_qstn_ivulnstr":"Certification of financial statements by external auditor. Self-explanatory","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"-9","max":"2"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"92","type":"vald"},{"value":"0","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"-9","labl":"don't know","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"-6","labl":"still in process","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"1","labl":"yes","stats":"9","type":"freq"},{"value":"2","labl":"no","stats":"83","type":"freq"}],"var_format":"numeric","var_format_schema":"other","fid":"F2"},{"vid":"V566","name":"k30","file_id":"F2","var_dcml":"0","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"538","var_end_pos":"539","var_width":"2","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"how much of an obstacle is: access to finance","var_qstn_preqtxt":"SHOW CARD","var_qstn_qstnlit":"Is access to finance, which includes availability and cost, interest rates, fees and collateral requirements, No Obstacle, a Minor Obstacle, a Moderate Obstacle, a Major Obstacle, or a Very Severe Obstacle to the current operations of this establishment?","var_qstn_ivulnstr":"1) The manager should be given a card with the different alternatives for 'degree of obstacle' (from 0 to 4).\n2) Sensitive question, no clarification can be offered","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"-9","max":"4"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"92","type":"vald"},{"value":"0","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"-9","labl":"don't know","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"-7","labl":"does not apply","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"0","labl":"no obstacle","stats":"7","type":"freq"},{"value":"1","labl":"minor obstacle","stats":"4","type":"freq"},{"value":"2","labl":"moderate obstacle","stats":"16","type":"freq"},{"value":"3","labl":"major obstacle","stats":"18","type":"freq"},{"value":"4","labl":"very severe obstacle","stats":"47","type":"freq"}],"var_format":"numeric","var_format_schema":"other","fid":"F2"},{"vid":"V567","name":"h7a","file_id":"F2","var_dcml":"0","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"540","var_end_pos":"541","var_width":"2","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"the court system is fair, impartial and uncorrupted","var_qstn_preqtxt":"SHOW CARD","var_qstn_qstnlit":"I am going to read some statements that describe the courts system and how it could affect business. For each statement, please tell me if you Strongly disagree, Tend to disagree, Tend to agree, or Strongly agree. \t\n\"The court system is fair, impartial and uncorrupted.\"","var_qstn_ivulnstr":"Self-explanatory","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"-9","max":"4"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"92","type":"vald"},{"value":"0","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"-9","labl":"don't know","stats":"12","type":"freq"},{"value":"1","labl":"strongly disagree","stats":"40","type":"freq"},{"value":"2","labl":"tend to disagree","stats":"22","type":"freq"},{"value":"3","labl":"tend to agree","stats":"13","type":"freq"},{"value":"4","labl":"strongly agree","stats":"5","type":"freq"}],"var_format":"numeric","var_format_schema":"other","fid":"F2"},{"vid":"V568","name":"afh1","file_id":"F2","var_dcml":"0","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"542","var_end_pos":"543","var_width":"2","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"\u201cthe court system is able to enforce its decisions\u201d","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"-9","max":"4"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"0","type":"vald"},{"value":"92","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"-9","labl":"don't know","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"1","labl":"strongly disagree","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"2","labl":"tend to disagree","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"3","labl":"tend to agree","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"4","labl":"strongly agree","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"Sysmiss","labl":null,"stats":"92","type":"freq"}],"var_format":"numeric","var_format_schema":"other","fid":"F2"},{"vid":"V569","name":"j1a","file_id":"F2","var_dcml":"0","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"544","var_end_pos":"545","var_width":"2","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"agree\/disagree - gvt official interpret laws consistently\/practically","var_qstn_preqtxt":"INTERVIEWER: SHOW CARD","var_qstn_qstnlit":"I am going to read some statements that describe the courts and the way government officials interpret laws and regulations that affect this establishment\u2019s business. 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syst. will uphold my rights in business disputes\u201d","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"-9","max":"4"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"0","type":"vald"},{"value":"92","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"-9","labl":"don't know","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"1","labl":"strongly disagree","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"2","labl":"tend to disagree","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"3","labl":"tend to agree","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"4","labl":"strongly agree","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"Sysmiss","labl":null,"stats":"92","type":"freq"}],"var_format":"numeric","var_format_schema":"other","fid":"F2"},{"vid":"V571","name":"afh3a","file_id":"F2","var_dcml":"0","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"548","var_end_pos":"549","var_width":"2","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"in the last 2yrs, did you have a payment dispute involving a third party?","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"-9","max":"2"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"0","type":"vald"},{"value":"92","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"-9","labl":"don't know","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"1","labl":"yes","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"2","labl":"no","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"Sysmiss","labl":null,"stats":"92","type":"freq"}],"var_format":"numeric","var_format_schema":"other","fid":"F2"},{"vid":"V572","name":"afh3b","file_id":"F2","var_dcml":"0","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"550","var_end_pos":"551","var_width":"2","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"was the court system used to resolve this payment dispute?","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"-9","max":"2"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"0","type":"vald"},{"value":"92","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"-9","labl":"don't 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week","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"Sysmiss","labl":null,"stats":"92","type":"freq"}],"var_format":"numeric","var_format_schema":"other","fid":"F2"},{"vid":"V575","name":"afh3e","file_id":"F2","var_dcml":"0","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"556","var_end_pos":"557","var_width":"2","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"was this decision of the court enforced?","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"-9","max":"2"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"0","type":"vald"},{"value":"92","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"-9","labl":"don\u2019t know","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"-6","labl":"still in 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week","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"Sysmiss","labl":null,"stats":"92","type":"freq"}],"var_format":"numeric","var_format_schema":"other","fid":"F2"},{"vid":"V577","name":"j2","file_id":"F2","var_dcml":"0","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"560","var_end_pos":"561","var_width":"2","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"what % of senior management time was spent in dealing with govt regulations?","var_qstn_qstnlit":"In a typical week over the last year, what percentage of total senior management's time was spent on dealing with requirements imposed by government regulations? [By senior management I mean managers, directors, and officers above direct supervisors of production\/sales workers. Some examples of government regulations are taxes, customs, labor regulations, licensing and registration, including dealings with officials and completing forms]","var_qstn_ivulnstr":"Percent of total senior management's time. Ask managers to estimate what percentage of their time senior managers spend dealing with government regulations, inspections, negotiations and other bureaucratic burden.  This is time that would otherwise be spent on business matters. It should not include time spent negotiating procurement contracts with the government - only time dealing with red tape and bureaucracy.","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"-9","max":"100"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"92","type":"vald"},{"value":"0","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"-9","labl":"don't know","stats":"13","type":"freq"},{"value":"0","labl":"no time was spent","stats":"57","type":"freq"},{"value":"1","labl":null,"stats":"5","type":"freq"},{"value":"2","labl":null,"stats":"10","type":"freq"},{"value":"3","labl":null,"stats":"3","type":"freq"},{"value":"5","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"9","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"10","labl":null,"stats":"2","type":"freq"}],"var_format":"numeric","var_format_schema":"other","fid":"F2"},{"vid":"V578","name":"j3","file_id":"F2","var_dcml":"0","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"562","var_end_pos":"563","var_width":"2","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"over the last 12 months, was this establishment inspected by tax officials?","var_qstn_qstnlit":"Over the last year, was this establishment visited or inspected by tax officials?","var_qstn_postqtxt":"If answer is No or Don't Know then GO TO QUESTION J.6a","var_qstn_ivulnstr":"Visitations and inspections from tax inspectorate officials. Self-explanatory","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"-9","max":"2"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"92","type":"vald"},{"value":"0","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"-9","labl":"don't know","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"1","labl":"yes","stats":"41","type":"freq"},{"value":"2","labl":"no","stats":"51","type":"freq"}],"var_format":"numeric","var_format_schema":"other","fid":"F2"},{"vid":"V579","name":"j4","file_id":"F2","var_dcml":"0","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"564","var_end_pos":"566","var_width":"3","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"frequency of inspections\/requirement for meeting by tax officials","var_qstn_qstnlit":"Over the last year, how many times was this establishment either inspected by tax officials or required to meet with them?","var_qstn_ivulnstr":"Self-explanatory","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"-9","max":"240"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"41","type":"vald"},{"value":"51","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"-9","labl":"don't know","stats":"2","type":"freq"},{"value":"1","labl":null,"stats":"6","type":"freq"},{"value":"2","labl":null,"stats":"6","type":"freq"},{"value":"3","labl":null,"stats":"2","type":"freq"},{"value":"4","labl":null,"stats":"3","type":"freq"},{"value":"5","labl":null,"stats":"4","type":"freq"},{"value":"6","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"10","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"12","labl":null,"stats":"10","type":"freq"},{"value":"15","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"24","labl":null,"stats":"2","type":"freq"},{"value":"31","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"36","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"144","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"Sysmiss","labl":null,"stats":"51","type":"freq"}],"var_format":"numeric","var_format_schema":"other","fid":"F2"},{"vid":"V580","name":"j5","file_id":"F2","var_dcml":"0","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"567","var_end_pos":"568","var_width":"2","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"in any of these inspections was a gift or informal requested ?","var_qstn_qstnlit":"In any of these inspections or meetings was a gift or informal payment expected or requested?","var_qstn_ivulnstr":"1) Bribes from tax inspectors. Self-explanatory\n2) Sensitive question, no clarification can be offered","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"-9","max":"2"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"41","type":"vald"},{"value":"51","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"-9","labl":"don't know","stats":"3","type":"freq"},{"value":"-8","labl":"refusal","stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"1","labl":"yes","stats":"10","type":"freq"},{"value":"2","labl":"no","stats":"27","type":"freq"},{"value":"Sysmiss","labl":null,"stats":"51","type":"freq"}],"var_format":"numeric","var_format_schema":"other","fid":"F2"},{"vid":"V581","name":"j6a","file_id":"F2","var_dcml":"0","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"569","var_end_pos":"570","var_width":"2","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"government contract secured (or attempted) in the last 12 months?","var_qstn_qstnlit":"Over the last year, has this establishment secured or attempted to secure a government contract?","var_qstn_postqtxt":"If answer is No or Don't Know then GO TO QUESTION J.7","var_qstn_ivulnstr":"Self-explanatory","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"-9","max":"2"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"92","type":"vald"},{"value":"0","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"-9","labl":"don't know","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"1","labl":"yes","stats":"9","type":"freq"},{"value":"2","labl":"no","stats":"83","type":"freq"}],"var_format":"numeric","var_format_schema":"other","fid":"F2"},{"vid":"V582","name":"j6","file_id":"F2","var_dcml":"0","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"571","var_end_pos":"572","var_width":"2","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"% of contract value av. firm pays in informal gifts to govt to secure contract?","var_qstn_qstnlit":"When establishments like this one do business with the government, what percent of the contract value would be typically paid in informal payments or gifts to secure the contract?","var_qstn_ivulnstr":"1) Percent of the contract value. The question is designed to get at the size of the unaudited or unreported payment that is made to a government officials that directly aided in granting a government contract, in part or in whole, or expanded the size of the contract to include the establishment's business. \n\nAgain, notice the wording (phrasing) of the question:  it asks for the respondent to answer for the \u201ctypical\u201d establishment, rather than the establishment being interviewed.\n\n2) Sensitive question, no clarification can be offered","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"-9","max":"25"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"9","type":"vald"},{"value":"83","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"-9","labl":"don't know","stats":"2","type":"freq"},{"value":"-8","labl":"refusal","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"0","labl":"no payments\/gifts are typically paid","stats":"2","type":"freq"},{"value":"1","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"2","labl":null,"stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"10","labl":null,"stats":"3","type":"freq"},{"value":"Sysmiss","labl":null,"stats":"83","type":"freq"}],"var_format":"numeric","var_format_schema":"other","fid":"F2"},{"vid":"V583","name":"icj6d","file_id":"F2","var_dcml":"0","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"573","var_end_pos":"574","var_width":"2","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"10 year comparison - informal payments or gifts to secure government contracts","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"-9","max":"3"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"0","type":"vald"},{"value":"92","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"-9","labl":"don\u2019t know","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"-7","labl":"not in business ten years ago","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"1","labl":"increased","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"2","labl":"remained the same","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"3","labl":"declined","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"Sysmiss","labl":null,"stats":"92","type":"freq"}],"var_format":"numeric","var_format_schema":"other","fid":"F2"},{"vid":"V584","name":"j7a","file_id":"F2","var_dcml":"0","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"575","var_end_pos":"576","var_width":"2","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"percent of total annual sales paid in informal payments","var_qstn_qstnlit":"It is said that establishments are sometimes required to make gifts or informal payments to public officials to \"get things done\" with regard to customs, taxes, licenses, regulations, services etc. On average, what percent of total annual sales, or estimated total annual value, do establishments like this one pay in informal payments or gifts to public officials for this purpose? \t\nPercent of total annual sales paid as informal payment","var_qstn_postqtxt":"PROVIDE EITHER ONE OR THE OTHER, NOT BOTH","var_qstn_ivulnstr":"1) Size of informal payments\/gifts Informal payments are payments made to government officials that are unaudited or unreported. 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informal gift requested?","var_qstn_qstnlit":"In reference to that application for an import license, was an informal gift or payment expected or requested?","var_qstn_ivulnstr":"1) Bribe for import license Self-explanatory\n2) Sensitive question, no clarification can be offered","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"-9","max":"2"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"2","type":"vald"},{"value":"90","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"-9","labl":"don't know","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"-8","labl":"refusal","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"1","labl":"yes","stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"2","labl":"no","stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"Sysmiss","labl":null,"stats":"90","type":"freq"}],"var_format":"numeric","var_format_schema":"other","fid":"F2"},{"vid":"V591","name":"j13","file_id":"F2","var_dcml":"0","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"590","var_end_pos":"591","var_width":"2","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"application to obtain an operating license submitted over 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this operating license from the day of the application to the day it was granted?","var_qstn_ivulnstr":"Wait for operating license Self-explanatory","var_val_range":[{"units":"REAL","min":"-9","max":"365"}],"var_sumstat":[{"value":"1","type":"vald"},{"value":"91","type":"invd"}],"var_catgry":[{"value":"-9","labl":"don't know","stats":"1","type":"freq"},{"value":"-6","labl":"still in process","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"-5","labl":"application denied","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"1","labl":"less than one day","stats":"0","type":"freq"},{"value":"Sysmiss","labl":null,"stats":"91","type":"freq"}],"var_format":"numeric","var_format_schema":"other","fid":"F2"},{"vid":"V593","name":"j15","file_id":"F2","var_dcml":"0","var_intrvl":"discrete","var_start_pos":"594","var_end_pos":"595","var_width":"2","var_rec_seg_no":"1","labl":"when you applied for an operating license was an informal gift requested?","var_qstn_qstnlit":"In reference to that application for an operating 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