SWZ_2024_FINDEX_v02_M DDI_SWZ_2024_FINDEX_v02_M_WB Development Data Group 2025-12-15 Python 3 The Global Findex Database 2025: Connectivity and Financial Inclusion in the Digital Economy FINDEX 2025 SWZ_2024_FINDEX_v02_M Development Research Group, Finance and Private Sector Development Unit Gallup, Inc. Development Research Group, World Bank Gates Foundation Mastercard Foundation Digital Vice Presidency, World Bank Prosperity Vice Presidency, World Bank GlobalFindex Alexandra Norris Development Research Group, World Bank Other Household Survey [hh/oth] The Global Findex is the world’s most comprehensive database on digital and financial inclusion. It is also the only global source of comparable demand-side data, allowing cross-country analysis of how adults access and use mobile phones, the internet, and financial accounts to reach digital information and resources, save, borrow, make payments, and manage their financial health. Data for the Global Findex 2025 were collected from nationally representative surveys of about 145,000 adults in 141 economies. The latest edition follows the 2011, 2014, 2017, and 2021 editions and includes new series measuring mobile phone ownership and internet use, digital safety, and frequency of transactions using financial services. Edited, anonymized dataset for public distribution. This update to the Global Findex Database 2025 adds 16 new variables from the Identification for Development (ID4D)–Global Findex Database 2025. The indicators include: fin46, fin47, fin48a, fin48b, fin48c, fin48d, fin48e, fin48f, fin49a, fin49b, fin49c, fin49d, fin49e, fin49f, fin50, fin51. Eswatini National Coverage Observation data/ratings [obs] GlobalFindex Alexandra Norris The user of the data acknowledges that the original collector of the data, the authorized distributor of the data, and the relevant funding agency bear no responsibility for use of the data or for interpretations or inferences based upon such uses. Findex_Microdata_2025_updateEswatini 2025 Global Findex - Eswatini Microdata 1051 199 World Bank 1051 0 2024 2024 Economy 1051 0 Economy code 1051 0 Regional code 1051 0 Population 15+, 2023, WDI 1051 0 816208 816208 Gallup World Poll identifier 1051 0 111280854 211101680 Weight 1051 0 0.171572469766396 3.18546652438591 Respondent is female 1051 0 1 2 1 Female 664 2 Male 387 Respondent age 1051 0 15 100 Respondent education level 1041 10 1 3 1 Primary education or less 286 2 Secondary education 668 3 Tertiary education or more 87 Sysmiss 10 Within-economy household income quintile 1051 0 1 5 Respondent is in workforce 1051 0 1 2 1 In the workforce 578 2 Out of the workforce 473 Respondent lives in rural area 1051 0 1 1 1 Rural 1051 2 Urban 0 Has an account at a financial institution 1051 0 0 1 0 No/DK/Ref 514 1 Yes 537 Has a mobile money account 1051 0 0 1 0 No/DK/Ref 440 1 Yes 611 Has an account 1051 0 0 1 0 No/DK/Ref 282 1 Yes 769 Has a digitally enabled account 1051 0 0 1 0 No/DK/Ref 364 1 Yes 687 Borrowed 1051 0 0 1 0 No/DK/Ref 284 1 Yes 767 Saved 1051 0 0 1 0 No/DK/Ref 371 1 Yes 680 Received a wage payment 1051 0 1 5 1 Into an account 282 2 In cash only 72 3 In some other way 18 4 Did not receive 675 5 DK/ref 4 Received a government transfer payment 1051 0 1 5 1 Into an account 110 2 In cash only 8 3 In some other way 74 4 Did not receive 852 5 DK/ref 7 Received a government pension payment 1051 0 1 5 1 Into an account 71 2 In cash only 7 3 In some other way 16 4 Did not receive 950 5 DK/ref 7 Received a payment for the sale of agricultural goods 1051 0 1 5 1 Into an account 82 2 In cash only 37 3 In some other way 31 4 Did not receive 893 5 DK/ref 8 Made a digital merchant payment 1051 0 0 1 0 No/DK/Ref 812 1 Yes 239 Paid a utility bill 1051 0 1 5 1 From an account 439 2 In cash only 70 3 In some other way 18 4 Did not 520 5 DK/ref 4 Made or received a domestic remittance payment 1045 6 1 4 1 Using an account 515 2 Not using an account 154 3 Did not make or receive 371 4 DK/ref 5 Sysmiss 6 Made or received a digital payment 1051 0 0 1 0 No/DK/Ref 320 1 Yes 731 Has a debit card [Insert local terminology for a/an ATM/debit card] is a card connected to an account that allows you to withdraw money or buy things, and the money is taken out of that account right away. Do you, personally, have [insert local terminology for a/an ATM/debit card]? Yes or no? 1051 0 1 4 1 Yes 418 2 No 623 3 Don't know 6 4 Refused 4 Used a card or mobile phone to access account Thinking ONLY about your account at a bank or similar financial institution, in the past 12 months, did you use a card or a mobile phone to make payments, buy things, or to send or receive money using your account? Yes or no? Fin1 or Fin2 = "yes" 480 571 1 3 1 Yes 319 2 No 156 3 Don't know 5 4 Refused 0 Sysmiss 571 Opened first account to receive a wage or salary payment or money from the gover Thinking about the first account you opened, did you open it to receive a wage or salary payment or money from the government? Yes or no? Fin1 or Fin2 = "yes" 480 571 1 4 1 Yes 338 2 No 137 3 Don't know 4 4 Refused 1 Sysmiss 571 Frequency of money deposited into accounts In a typical month, how often is money deposited into your personal account(s)? This includes cash or electronic deposits, or any time money is put into your account. Weekly, monthly, or less than once a month? Fin1 or Fin2 = "yes" 480 571 1 5 1 Weekly 40 2 Monthly 300 3 Less than once a month 80 4 Never 47 5 Don't know 13 6 Refused 0 Sysmiss 571 Frequency of money sent or taken out of accounts In a typical month, how often is money sent from or taken out of your personal account(s)? This includes cash withdrawals or electronic payments. Weekly, monthly, or less than once a month? Fin1 or Fin2 = "yes" 480 571 1 5 1 Weekly 58 2 Monthly 262 3 Less than once a month 86 4 Never 57 5 Don't know 17 6 Refused 0 Sysmiss 571 Any deposits or withdrawals In the past 12 months, has money been put into or taken out of your personal account(s)? Fin5 and Fin6 = "less than once a month/never/dk/r" 117 934 1 3 1 Yes 57 2 No 55 3 Don't know 5 4 Refused 0 Sysmiss 934 Store money in account Is there typically any money kept in your personal account(s)? Fin1 or Fin2 = "yes" 480 571 1 4 1 Yes 193 2 No 280 3 Don't know 6 4 Refused 1 Sysmiss 571 Receive account balance information using a mobile phone or the internet In the past 12 months, have you received any information about your account balance from your bank, such as through email, SMS, or a text message on your mobile phone? Fin1 or Fin2 = "yes" 480 571 1 3 1 Yes 303 2 No 167 3 Don't know 10 4 Refused 0 Sysmiss 571 Check account balance using a mobile phone or the internet In the past 12 months, have you personally checked the balance of the account(s) you have at a bank or similar financial institution using a mobile phone or computer? Yes or no? Fin1 or Fin2 = "yes" 480 571 1 3 1 Yes 296 2 No 182 3 Don't know 2 4 Refused 0 Sysmiss 571 Has a credit card A credit card is a card that allows you to borrow money in order to make payments or buy things, and you can pay the balance off later. Do you, personally, have a credit card? Fin1 or Fin2 = "yes" 480 571 1 4 1 Yes 68 2 No 407 3 Don't know 4 4 Refused 1 Sysmiss 571 Has a card that you can add money to and use to send and receive money or make p Do you have a card that you can add money to and use to send and receive money or make purchases at a variety of places? Fin1 and Fin2 = "no/dk/r" 0 1051 1 Yes 0 2 No 0 3 Don't know 0 4 Refused 0 Sysmiss 1051 Ever had an account at a bank or similar financial institution Have you ever had an account at a bank or similar financial institution? Fin1 and Fin2 = "no/dk/r" 0 1051 1 Yes 0 2 No 0 3 Don't know 0 4 Refused 0 Sysmiss 1051 Could use account without help If you were to open an account at a bank or a similar financial institution, do you think you could use it by yourself, or would you need the help of another person? Fin1 and Fin2 = "no/dk/r" 0 1051 1 Yes 0 2 No 0 3 Don't know 0 4 Refused 0 Sysmiss 1051 Reason for no account: too far Are any of the following statements reasons why you do not have an account at a bank or similar financial institution? Please answer yes or no to each of the following: Financial institutions are too far away Fin1 and Fin2 = "no/dk/r" 0 1051 1 Yes 0 2 No 0 3 Don't know 0 4 Refused 0 Sysmiss 1051 Reason for no account: fees too expensive Are any of the following statements reasons why you do not have an account at a bank or similar financial institution? Please answer yes or no to each of the following: Financial service fees are too expensive Fin1 and Fin2 = "no/dk/r" 0 1051 1 Yes 0 2 No 0 3 Don't know 0 4 Refused 0 Sysmiss 1051 Reason for no account: lack documentation Are any of the following statements reasons why you do not have an account at a bank or similar financial institution? Please answer yes or no to each of the following: You don't have the necessary documentation Fin1 and Fin2 = "no/dk/r" 0 1051 1 Yes 0 2 No 0 3 Don't know 0 4 Refused 0 Sysmiss 1051 Reason for no account: lack money Are any of the following statements reasons why you do not have an account at a bank or similar financial institution? Please answer yes or no to each of the following: You don't have enough money to open an account Fin1 and Fin2 = "no/dk/r" 0 1051 1 Yes 0 2 No 0 3 Don't know 0 4 Refused 0 Sysmiss 1051 Reason for no account: family member already has one Are any of the following statements reasons why you do not have an account at a bank or similar financial institution? Please answer yes or no to each of the following: Someone else in the family already has an account Fin1 and Fin2 = "no/dk/r" 0 1051 1 Yes 0 2 No 0 3 Don't know 0 4 Refused 0 Sysmiss 1051 Reason for no account: lack trust Are any of the following statements reasons why you do not have an account at a bank or similar financial institution? Please answer yes or no to each of the following: You don't trust financial institutions Fin1 and Fin2 = "no/dk/r" 0 1051 1 Yes 0 2 No 0 3 Don't know 0 4 Refused 0 Sysmiss 1051 Mobile money meets financial needs Does your mobile money account meet all your financial needs, or would you also like to open an account at a bank? Fin1 and Fin2 = "no/dk/r" and Fin12_13 = "yes" 243 808 1 4 1 Mobile money meets all financial needs 128 2 Would like to open a bank account 97 3 Don't know 17 4 Refused 1 Sysmiss 808 Frequency of money deposited into mobile money accounts In a typical month, how often is money deposited into your mobile money account(s)? This includes cash or electronic deposits, or any time money is put into your account. Weekly, monthly, or less than once a month? Fin12_13 = "yes" 555 496 1 6 1 Weekly 98 2 Monthly 270 3 Less than once a month 120 4 Never 39 5 Don't know 26 6 Refused 2 Sysmiss 496 Frequency of money sent from mobile money accounts In a typical month, how often is money sent from your mobile money account(s)? Weekly, monthly, or less than once a month? Fin12_13 = "yes" 555 496 1 6 1 Weekly 94 2 Monthly 237 3 Less than once a month 132 4 Never 62 5 Don't know 28 6 Refused 2 Sysmiss 496 Frequency of money taken out of mobile money accounts In a typical month, how many times is money taken out of your mobile money account(s)? Weekly, monthly, or less than once a month? Fin12_13 = "yes" 555 496 1 6 1 Weekly 123 2 Monthly 237 3 Less than once a month 120 4 Never 38 5 Don't know 34 6 Refused 3 Sysmiss 496 Store money in mobile money account Do you typically keep any money in your mobile money account? Fin12_13 = "yes" 555 496 1 4 1 Yes 316 2 No 236 3 Don't know 2 4 Refused 1 Sysmiss 496 Asked for mobile money PIN or password Has anyone you don't know ever sent you a message on your phone or called you asking for the PIN or password to your mobile money account? Fin12_13= "yes" 555 496 1 4 1 Yes 202 2 No 351 3 Don't know 1 4 Refused 1 Sysmiss 496 Sent money to the wrong number Have you ever sent money from your mobile money account to the wrong number? Fin12_13 = "yes" 555 496 1 4 1 Yes 93 2 No 459 3 Don't know 2 4 Refused 1 Sysmiss 496 Received money back after sending to the wrong number Were you able to get back the money you sent to the wrong number? Fin13F = "yes" 93 958 1 2 1 Yes 54 2 No 39 3 Don't know 0 4 Refused 0 Sysmiss 958 Reason for no mobile money account: too far Are any of the following statements reasons why you do not have a mobile money account? Please answer yes or no to each of the following: Mobile money agents are too far away Fin12_13 = "no/dk/r" 318 733 1 4 1 Yes 66 2 No 233 3 Don't know 15 4 Refused 4 Sysmiss 733 Reason for no mobile money account: too expensive 318 733 1 4 1 Yes 68 2 No 219 3 Don't know 28 4 Refused 3 Sysmiss 733 Reason for no mobile money account: lack documentation 318 733 1 4 1 Yes 113 2 No 189 3 Don't know 14 4 Refused 2 Sysmiss 733 Reason for no mobile money account: lack of money 318 733 1 4 1 Yes 170 2 No 140 3 Don't know 6 4 Refused 2 Sysmiss 733 Reason for no mobile money account: worried about security 318 733 1 4 1 Yes 84 2 No 215 3 Don't know 18 4 Refused 1 Sysmiss 733 Used an agent or someone else to make a mobile money payment Do you ever use an agent or ask someone else to make a mobile money payment for you? Fin12_13 = "no/dk/r" 318 733 1 4 1 Yes 63 2 No 248 3 Don't know 6 4 Refused 1 Sysmiss 733 Ever had a mobile money account Have you ever had a mobile money account such as [insert local terminology for mobile money products]? Fin12_13= "no/dk/r" 318 733 1 4 1 Yes 78 2 No 235 3 Don't know 4 4 Refused 1 Sysmiss 733 Saved at a bank or similar financial institution In the past 12 months, have you saved or set aside any money by: using an account at a bank or similar financial institution? 1051 0 1 4 1 Yes 212 2 No 830 3 Don't know 8 4 Refused 1 Saved using a mobile money account In the past 12 months, have you saved or set aside any money by: using a mobile money account? Fin12_13 = "yes" 677 374 1 3 1 Yes 295 2 No 379 3 Don't know 3 4 Refused 0 Sysmiss 374 Saved using a savings club or a person outside the family In the past 12 months, have you saved or set aside any money by: using an informal savings group/club such as [insert local terminology for savings group/club] or a person outside the family? 1051 0 1 4 1 Yes 271 2 No 772 3 Don't know 6 4 Refused 2 Formal saving frequency In a typical month, how often do you save or set aside money into an account? Weekly, monthly, or less than once a month? Fin17A or Fin17B = "yes" 406 645 1 5 1 Weekly 66 2 Monthly 201 3 Less than once a month 103 4 Don't know 34 5 Refused 2 Sysmiss 645 Received interest In the past 12 months, did you receive interest or additional money for the savings in your account? Fin17A or Fin17B = "yes" 406 645 1 4 1 Yes 112 2 No 283 3 Don't know 10 4 Refused 1 Sysmiss 645 Saved formally for old age In the past 12 months, have you saved or set aside any money for your old age? Fin17A or Fin17B = "yes" 406 645 1 3 1 Yes 100 2 No 304 3 Don't know 2 4 Refused 0 Sysmiss 645 Saved for any reason In the past 12 months, have you saved or set aside any money for any reason? Fin17A, Fin17B, and Fin17C = "no/dk/r" 512 539 1 3 1 Yes 141 2 No 368 3 Don't know 3 4 Refused 0 Sysmiss 539 Made regular payments to insurance agent or company In the past 12 months, have you made any regular payments to an insurance agent or company? 1051 0 1 4 1 Yes 233 2 No 804 3 Don't know 11 4 Refused 3 Applied for a loan using a mobile phone In the past 12 months, have you applied for a loan using a mobile phone? 1051 0 1 4 1 Yes 358 2 No 689 3 Don't know 3 4 Refused 1 Received loan applied for using a mobile phone Did you receive this loan? Fin20 = "yes" 358 693 1 2 1 Yes 279 2 No 79 3 Don't know 0 4 Refused 0 Sysmiss 693 Borrowed from a formal bank or similar financial institution In the past 12 months, have you borrowed any money from a bank or a similar financial institution? 1051 0 1 3 1 Yes 108 2 No 938 3 Don't know 5 4 Refused 0 Borrowed from a mobile money provider In the past 12 months, have you borrowed any money from your mobile money provider? Fin12_13 = "yes" 677 374 1 3 1 Yes 228 2 No 438 3 Don't know 11 4 Refused 0 Sysmiss 374 Borrowed from friends or family In the past 12 months, have you borrowed any money from family, relatives, or friends? 1051 0 1 4 1 Yes 499 2 No 547 3 Don't know 4 4 Refused 1 Borrowed from an informal savings club In the past 12 months, have you borrowed any money from informal savings group/club such as [insert local terminology for savings group/club]? Fin17C = "yes" 271 780 1 4 1 Yes 155 2 No 115 3 Don't know 0 4 Refused 1 Sysmiss 780 Borrowed for health or medical purposes In the past 12 months, have you borrowed money for health or medical purposes? 1051 0 1 4 1 Yes 283 2 No 763 3 Don't know 4 4 Refused 1 Borrowed to start or operate a business In the past 12 months, have you borrowed money to start or operate a business? 1051 0 1 4 1 Yes 210 2 No 838 3 Don't know 2 4 Refused 1 Purchased food on credit In the past 12 months, did you ever buy household food but pay for it at a later date? 1051 0 1 3 1 Yes 203 2 No 843 3 Don't know 5 4 Refused 0 Used a credit card In the past 12 months, have you used your credit card? Fin10 = "yes" 68 983 1 3 1 Yes 38 2 No 29 3 Don't know 1 4 Refused 0 Sysmiss 983 Paid off all credit card balances in full by their due date In the past 12 months, did you pay off all your credit card balances in full by their due date? Fin22G = "yes" 38 1013 1 4 1 Yes 25 2 No 11 3 Don't know 1 4 Refused 1 Sysmiss 1013 Borrowed money for any reason In the past 12 months, have you borrowed money from any source for any reason? Fin22A, Fin22A_1, Fin22B, Fin22C, and Fin22G = "no/dk/r" 404 647 1 3 1 Yes 57 2 No 345 3 Don't know 2 4 Refused 0 Sysmiss 647 Main source of emergency money in 30 days Now, imagine that you have an emergency and you need to pay [insert 1/20 of local GNI per capita]. What would be the MAIN source of money that you would use to come up with [insert 1/20 of local GNI per capita] within the next 30 days? Please choose only one response from the following. 1. Savings 2. Family, relatives, or friends 3. Money from working 4. A loan from a financial institution, an employer, or a private lender 5. Selling something you own such as jewelrey 6. Some other source 7. I could not come up with the money 1051 0 1 9 1 Savings 122 2 Family, relatives, or friends 303 3 Money from working 80 4 A loan from a financial institution, an employer, or a private lender 130 5 Selling something you own such as jewelery or livestock 118 6 Some other source 27 7 I could not come up with the money 136 8 Don't know 128 9 Refused 7 Difficulty of emergency funds in 30 days How difficult would it be for you to come up with [insert 1/20 of local GNI per capita] within the next 30 days? Would it be very difficult, somewhat difficult, or not difficult at all? Fin24 = 1,2,3,4,5, 6 780 271 1 4 1 Very difficult 452 2 Somewhat difficult 224 3 Not difficult at all 89 4 Don't know 15 5 Refused 0 Sysmiss 271 How long household could cover expenses if main source of income was lost Suppose your household lost its main source of income. About how long could you cover expenses by using savings, borrowing, selling something you own, seeking help from family and friends, or through some other way? Less than two weeks, about one month, about two months, or more than two months? 1051 0 1 6 1 Less than two weeks 144 2 About one month 169 3 About two months 147 4 More than two months 394 5 Don't know 190 6 Refused 7 Experienced a natural disaster or severe weather event In the PAST THREE YEARS, have you personally experienced a natural disaster or severe weather event, such as [insert local examples of natural disasters]? 1051 0 1 3 1 Yes 468 2 No 567 3 Don't know 16 4 Refused 0 Natural disaster in the past three years: Income lost or unable to work, by self 468 583 1 3 1 Yes 155 2 No 302 3 Don't know 11 4 Refused 0 Sysmiss 583 Natural disaster in the past three years: Damage to home or livestock 468 583 1 4 1 Yes 291 2 No 172 3 Don't know 4 4 Refused 1 Sysmiss 583 Natural disaster in the past three years: Unable to access or use their account 355 696 1 4 1 Yes 75 2 No 272 3 Don't know 6 4 Refused 2 Sysmiss 696 Use a mobile phone or card to pay for household cleaning supplies 793 258 1 3 1 Yes 246 2 No 540 3 Don't know 7 4 Refused 0 Sysmiss 258 Used a mobile phone or a card to pay for an in-store purchase 793 258 1 4 1 Yes 217 2 No 572 3 Don't know 3 4 Refused 1 Sysmiss 258 Frequency of digital in-store merchant payments 217 834 1 4 1 Weekly 52 2 Monthly 116 3 Less than once a month 44 4 Don't know 5 5 Refused 0 Sysmiss 834 Main reason for only using cash for in-store merchant payments 576 475 1 7 1 Because the merchant(s) only accepts cash 44 2 Because it's more expensive to pay using a card or phone 47 3 Because you don't trust payments using a card or phone 36 4 Because you're used to paying by cash 405 5 Some other reason 24 6 Don't know 18 7 Refused 2 Sysmiss 475 Used a mobile phone or computer to make a bill payment In the past 12 months, have you, personally used a mobile phone or computer to make a bill payment? Fin1, Fin2, or Fin13 = "yes" 793 258 1 3 1 Yes 449 2 No 337 3 Don't know 7 4 Refused 0 Sysmiss 258 Used a mobile phone or the internet to buy something online In the past 12 months, have you, personally used a mobile phone or computer to buy something online that was delivered to you? Fin1, Fin2, or Fin13 = "yes" 793 258 1 4 1 Yes 112 2 No 673 3 Don't know 7 4 Refused 1 Sysmiss 258 Online purchase mode of payment Do you usually pay online or in cash when the order is delivered? Fin26B = "yes" 112 939 1 5 1 Pay online 41 2 In cash 46 3 Both 20 4 Don't know 3 5 Refused 2 Sysmiss 939 Made a domestic remittance In the past 12 months, have you given or sent money to relatives or friends living in a different city inside [insert economy name]? This can be money you brought yourself or sent in some other way. 1051 0 1 4 1 Yes 487 2 No 555 3 Don't know 8 4 Refused 1 Made a digital domestic remittance In the past 12 months, have you given or sent money to relatives or friends living in a different city inside [insert economy name] directly from an account or phone? Yes or no? FH1 = "yes" 487 564 1 2 1 Yes 372 2 No 115 3 Don't know 0 4 Refused 0 Sysmiss 564 Received a domestic remittance In the past 12 months, did you receive money from relatives or friends living in a different city inside [insert economy name]? This can be money you were directly given or that you received in some other way. 1051 0 1 4 1 Yes 554 2 No 488 3 Don't know 8 4 Refused 1 Received a digital domestic remittance In the past 12 months, have you, personally, received money from relatives or friends living in a different city inside [insert economy name] directly into an account or phone? Yes or no? FH2 = "yes" 554 497 1 2 1 Yes 408 2 No 146 3 Don't know 0 4 Refused 0 Sysmiss 497 Received an international remittance payment In the past 12 months, did you receive money from relatives or friends living in a different country? Yes or no? 1051 0 1 4 1 Yes 207 2 No 838 3 Don't know 4 4 Refused 2 Made a utility payment In the past 12 months, have you, personally, made regular payments for electricity, water, or trash collection? Yes or no? 1051 0 1 3 1 Yes 527 2 No 520 3 Don't know 4 4 Refused 0 Made a utility payment using a bank account In the past 12 months, have you, personally, made payments for electricity, water, or trash collection using an account at a bank or similar financial institution? Fin30 = "yes" 527 524 1 4 1 Yes 145 2 No 378 3 Don't know 3 4 Refused 1 Sysmiss 524 Made a utility payment using a mobile phone In the past 12 months, have you, personally, made payments for electricity, water, or trash collection using a mobile phone to make a payment? Fin30 = "yes" 527 524 1 4 1 Yes 421 2 No 104 3 Don't know 1 4 Refused 1 Sysmiss 524 Made a utility payment by handing cash to a bank agent or staff In the past 12 months, have you personally made a payment for electricity, water, or trash collection by handing cash to bank staff or an agent? Yes or no? [Fin1, Fin2, and Fin13 = "no/dk/r"] and [Fin31A or Fin31B = "yes"] 51 1000 1 2 1 Yes 28 2 No 23 3 Don't know 0 4 Refused 0 Sysmiss 1000 Made utility payments exclusively in cash Do you only use cash to pay for electricity, water, or trash collection? Fin31A and Fin31B = "no/dk/r" 88 963 1 3 1 Yes 70 2 No 16 3 Don't know 2 4 Refused 0 Sysmiss 963 Received a wage payment In the past 12 months, have you received any salary or wages from an employer? 1051 0 1 3 1 Yes 372 2 No 675 3 Don't know 4 4 Refused 0 Employed by the government, military, or public sector In the past 12 months, have you been employed by the government, military, or public sector? Yes or no? Fin32 = "yes" 372 679 1 4 1 Yes 111 2 No 260 3 Don't know 0 4 Refused 1 Sysmiss 679 Received wage payment into a bank or similar institution account In the past 12 months, has an employer paid your salary or wages directly into an account at a bank or similar financial institution? Fin32 = "yes" 372 679 1 4 1 Yes 211 2 No 160 3 Don't know 0 4 Refused 1 Sysmiss 679 Received a wage payment through a mobile phone In the past 12 months, has an employer paid your salary or wages through a mobile phone? Fin32 = "yes" 372 679 1 4 1 Yes 163 2 No 208 3 Don't know 0 4 Refused 1 Sysmiss 679 Received a wage payment in cash In the past 12 months, has an employer paid your salary or wages in cash? Fin34A and Fin34B = "no/dk/r" 93 958 1 4 1 Yes 72 2 No 20 3 Don't know 0 4 Refused 1 Sysmiss 958 Received a wage payment into a card In the past 12 months, has an employer paid your salary or wages to a card? Fin34C = "no/dk/r" 21 1030 1 4 1 Yes 3 2 No 17 3 Don't know 0 4 Refused 1 Sysmiss 1030 Paid an unexpected fee to withdraw wages Have you ever paid a fee that was more than you expected when you withdrew or took out your salary or wages from your account? Fin34A or Fin34B or Fin34D = "yes" 282 769 1 3 1 Yes 109 2 No 159 3 Don't know 14 4 Refused 0 Sysmiss 769 Mode of wage withdrawal from account When your employer has paid your salary or wages into your account, do you typically take out all this money as cash at one time or do you leave some of this money in your account? Fin34A or Fin34B or Fin34D = "yes" 282 769 1 4 1 Take out all as cash at one time 129 2 Leave some money in the account 140 3 Transfer money to another personal account 9 4 Don't know 4 5 Refused 0 Sysmiss 769 Person withdrawing wage from account Did you take your salary or wages out of your account yourself or did a friend or family member take out the money for you? Fin34A or Fin34B or Fin34D = "yes" 0 1051 1 Withdrew by self 0 2 A friend or family withdrew for respondent 0 3 Both 0 4 Don't know 0 5 Refused 0 Sysmiss 1051 Received financial support from the government In the past 12 months, have you, personally, received any financial support from the government? This money could include payments for educational or medical expenses, unemployment benefits or subsidy payments. Please do NOT include wages or any payments related to work. 1051 0 1 4 1 Yes 192 2 No 852 3 Don't know 4 4 Refused 3 Received a public sector pension In the past 12 months, have you personally received a pension from the government, military, or public sector? 1051 0 1 4 1 Yes 94 2 No 950 3 Don't know 6 4 Refused 1 Received money from the government into a bank account In the past 12 months, have you received this money from the government in any of the following ways? You received payments directly into an account at a bank or similar financial institution Fin37 or Fin38 = "yes" 236 815 1 2 1 Yes 93 2 No 143 3 Don't know 0 4 Refused 0 Sysmiss 815 Received money from the government through a mobile phone In the past 12 months, have you received this money from the government in any of the following ways? You received payments through a mobile phone Fin37 or Fin38 = "yes" 236 815 1 3 1 Yes 95 2 No 140 3 Don't know 1 4 Refused 0 Sysmiss 815 Received money from the government only in cash In the past 12 months, have you received any money from the government in cash? Fin39A and Fin39B = "no/dk/r" 105 946 1 2 1 Yes 11 2 No 94 3 Don't know 0 4 Refused 0 Sysmiss 946 Received money from the government into a card In the past 12 months, have you received any money from the government to a card? Fin39C = "no/dk/r" 94 957 1 3 1 Yes 8 2 No 85 3 Don't know 1 4 Refused 0 Sysmiss 957 Mode of government money withdrawal from account When you receive money from the government, do you typically take out all this money as cash at one time, or do you leave some of this money in your account? Fin39A , Fin39B , or Fin39D = "yes" 139 912 1 5 1 Take out all as cash at one time 77 2 Leave some money in the account 50 3 Transfer money to another personal account 4 4 Don't know 7 5 Refused 1 Sysmiss 912 Paid an unexpected fee to withdraw government money from account Have you ever paid a fee that was more than you expected when you withdrew or took the money from the government out of your account? Fin39A , Fin39B , or Fin39D = "yes" 139 912 1 3 1 Yes 29 2 No 93 3 Don't know 17 4 Refused 0 Sysmiss 912 Person withdrawing money from the government from account Did you take the money you received from the government out of your account yourself or did a friend or family member take out the money for you? Fin39A , Fin39B , or Fin39D = "yes" 0 1051 1 Withdrew by self 0 2 A friend or family withdrew for respondent 0 3 Both 0 4 Don't know 0 5 Refused 0 Sysmiss 1051 Received an agricultural payment In the past 12 months, have you personally received money from any source for the sale of agricultural products, crops, produce, or livestock? 1051 0 1 4 1 Yes 150 2 No 893 3 Don't know 6 4 Refused 2 Received an agricultural payment into a bank account In the past 12 months, have you received money for the sale of agricultural products, crops, produce, or livestock in any of the following ways? You received payments directly into an account at a bank or similar financial institution Fin42 = "yes" 150 901 1 4 1 Yes 35 2 No 114 3 Don't know 0 4 Refused 1 Sysmiss 901 Received an agricultural payment through a mobile phone In the past 12 months, have you received money for the sale of agricultural products, crops, produce, or livestock in any of the following ways? You received payments through a mobile phone Fin42 = "yes" 150 901 1 2 1 Yes 68 2 No 82 3 Don't know 0 4 Refused 0 Sysmiss 901 Received an agricultural payment only in cash In the past 12 months, have you received money for the sale of agricultural products, crops, produce, or livestock in cash? Fin43A and Fin43B = "no/dk/r" 72 979 1 2 1 Yes 37 2 No 35 3 Don't know 0 4 Refused 0 Sysmiss 979 Received an agricultural payment into a card In the past 12 months, have you received money for the sale of agricultural products, crops, produce, or livestock to a card? Fin43C = "no/dk/r" 35 1016 1 2 1 Yes 4 2 No 31 3 Don't know 0 4 Refused 0 Sysmiss 1016 Use phone or internet to access weather or farming information Do you use a phone or the Internet to access information such as weather updates, pest control, or farming tips? Fin42 = "yes" 150 901 1 3 1 Yes 84 2 No 65 3 Don't know 1 4 Refused 0 Sysmiss 901 Greatest financial worry Which of the following financial issues are you MOST worried about? Please choose only one option. Are you most worried about not having enough money…? 1. For your old age 2. For your business 3. For medical costs in case of a serious illness or accident 4.For monthly expenses, such as food, housing, or bills 5. For school or education fees 6. Some other reason 1051 0 1 8 1 For their old age 72 2 For their business 169 3 For medical costs in case of a serious illness or accident 121 4 For monthly expenses, such as food, housing, or bills 360 5 For school or education fees 258 6 Some other reason 31 7 Don't know 33 8 Refused 7 Used the internet within the past three months 1051 0 0 1 0 No/DK/Ref 423 1 Yes 628 Have a mobile phone Do you have a mobile phone that you use to make and receive personal calls? 1051 0 1 4 1 Yes 933 2 No 117 3 Don't know 0 4 Refused 1 Reason for no phone: lack of money We would like to understand why you do not own a mobile phone. Are any of the following reasons why you do not have a mobile phone? Please answer yes or no: You don't have enough money to buy a mobile phone Con1 = "no/dk/r" 118 933 1 9 1 Yes 85 2 No 30 8 Don't know 1 9 Refused 2 Sysmiss 933 Reason for no phone: mobile minutes are too expensive We would like to understand why you do not own a mobile phone. Are any of the following reasons why you do not have a mobile phone? Please answer yes or no: Buying mobile minutes is too expensive Con1 = "no/dk/r" 118 933 1 9 1 Yes 36 2 No 78 8 Don't know 3 9 Refused 1 Sysmiss 933 Reason for no mobile phone: lack of reliable coverage We would like to understand why you do not own a mobile phone. Are any of the following reasons why you do not have a mobile phone? Please answer yes or no: There is not reliable coverage where you live Con1 = "no/dk/r" 118 933 1 9 1 Yes 30 2 No 79 8 Don't know 7 9 Refused 2 Sysmiss 933 Reason for no mobile phone: difficulties reading or typing We would like to understand why you do not own a mobile phone. Are any of the following reasons why you do not have a mobile phone? Please answer yes or no: You have difficulties reading or typing on a mobile phone Con1 = "no/dk/r" 118 933 1 9 1 Yes 27 2 No 89 8 Don't know 1 9 Refused 1 Sysmiss 933 Reason for no mobile phone: family or community disapproval We would like to understand why you do not own a mobile phone. Are any of the following reasons why you do not have a mobile phone? Please answer yes or no: People in your family or community do not approve of you using a mobile phone Con1 = "no/dk/r" 118 933 1 9 1 Yes 23 2 No 94 8 Don't know 0 9 Refused 1 Sysmiss 933 Reason for no mobile phone: worried about safety or security We would like to understand why you do not own a mobile phone. Are any of the following reasons why you do not have a mobile phone? Please answer yes or no: You are worried about your personal safety or security when using a mobile phone Con1 = "no/dk/r" 118 933 1 9 1 Yes 28 2 No 85 8 Don't know 3 9 Refused 2 Sysmiss 933 Reason for no mobile phone: used someone else's mobile phone We would like to understand why you do not own a mobile phone. Are any of the following reasons why you do not have a mobile phone? Please answer yes or no: You use someone else's mobile phone Con1 = "no/dk/r" 118 933 1 9 1 Yes 41 2 No 76 8 Don't know 0 9 Refused 1 Sysmiss 933 Main reason for not having a mobile phone What is the main reason you do not own a mobile phone? 1. You don't have enough money to buy a mobile phone 2. Buying mobile minutes is too expensive 3. There is not reliable coverage where you live 4. You have difficulties reading or typing on a mobile phone 5. People in your family or community do not approve of you using a mobile phone 6. You are worried about your personal safety or security when using a mobile phone 7. You use someone else's mobile phone 8. Some other reason/None of these reasons Only display items from Con2A-Con2G if Con2A or Con2B or Con2C or Con2D or Con2E or Con2F or Con26 = "yes" 107 944 1 99 1 Don't have enough money to buy a mobile phone 68 2 Buying mobile minutes is too expensive 6 3 There is not reliable coverage where they live 6 4 Difficulties reading or typing on a mobile phone 6 5 People in family or community do not approve of you using a mobile phone 6 6 Worried about personal safety or security when using a mobile phone 2 7 Use someone else's mobile phone 6 97 Some other reason 5 98 Don't know 1 99 Refused 1 Sysmiss 944 Used someone else's mobile phone Have you used someone else's mobile phone in the past 3 months? Con1 = "no/dk/r" 118 933 1 9 1 Yes 56 2 No 59 8 Don't know 1 9 Refused 2 Sysmiss 933 Type of phone used when using someone else's phone Was the mobile phone you used a smartphone or a basic text phone? Con4 = "yes" 56 995 1 8 1 A smartphone 27 2 A basic text phone 27 8 Don't know 2 9 Refused 0 Sysmiss 995 Personal SIM card used in someone else's phone Did you have a personal SIM card in your name that you have used in another person's mobile phone in the past 3 months? Con4 = "yes" 56 995 1 2 1 Yes 19 2 No 37 8 Don't know 0 9 Refused 0 Sysmiss 995 Rules for using someone else's phone Does someone, such as a family member, set rules about how you can use a mobile phone? Con4 = "yes" 56 995 1 8 1 Yes 17 2 No 38 8 Don't know 1 9 Refused 0 Sysmiss 995 Someone in the household owns a mobile phone Does anyone in your household currently own a mobile phone? Con4 = "no/dk/r" 62 989 1 9 1 Yes 35 2 No 25 8 Don't know 0 9 Refused 2 Sysmiss 989 Type of phone Is the main mobile phone you use a smartphone or a basic text phone? Con1 = "yes" 933 118 1 9 1 A smartphone 582 2 A basic text phone 342 8 Don't know 6 9 Refused 3 Sysmiss 118 Could use whatsapp on basic phone Could you use WhatsApp on this basic text phone if you wanted to? Con9 = "Basic text phone" 342 709 1 9 1 Yes 31 2 No 306 8 Don't know 4 9 Refused 1 Sysmiss 709 SIM registered in own name Is the SIM number in this mobile phone registered in your name? Con1 = "yes" 933 118 1 9 1 Yes 811 2 No 118 8 Don't know 3 9 Refused 1 Sysmiss 118 Mobile phone use frequency How frequently do you use a mobile phone? Daily, weekly, monthly, or less than once a month? Con1 = "yes" 933 118 1 8 1 Daily 802 2 Weekly 93 3 Monthly 23 4 Less than once a month 6 7 Never 2 8 Don't know 7 9 Refused 0 Sysmiss 118 Used a mobile phone in the past three months Did you use a mobile phone in the past 3 months? Con12 = "less than once a month/never/dk/r" 15 1036 1 2 1 Yes 12 2 No 3 8 Don't know 0 9 Refused 0 Sysmiss 1036 Read a text message Have you ever read a text message on a mobile phone? This can include an SMS or text message or a message on a messaging app like WhatsApp. Con1 = "yes" 933 118 1 9 1 Yes 816 2 No 113 8 Don't know 3 9 Refused 1 Sysmiss 118 Can understand a text message with English letters Could you read and understand a text message in [insert language of interview] that is written using English letters, like "A", "B", and "C"? This can include an SMS or text message or a message on a messaging app like WhatsApp. Con14 = "yes" 0 1051 1 Yes 0 2 No 0 8 Don't know 0 9 Refused 0 Sysmiss 1051 Sent a text message Have you ever sent a text message on a mobile phone? This can include an SMS or text message or a message sent through a messaging app like WhatsApp. Con14 = "yes" 816 235 1 8 1 Yes 681 2 No 134 8 Don't know 1 9 Refused 0 Sysmiss 235 Preferred mode of government communication If the government needed to communicate important news to the population, such as a message about an extreme weather event or health information, would you prefer to receive it by SMS or text message or by a phone call with a recorded voice? Con1 = "yes" 933 118 1 9 1 By SMS or text message 631 2 By a phone call with a recorded voice 147 3 Neither 29 4 Both/Either one 97 8 Don't know 24 9 Refused 5 Sysmiss 118 Have a PIN or password on mobile phone Is there a lock on the mobile phone that you use, such as a PIN, password, or fingerprint? Con1 = "yes" 933 118 1 9 1 Yes 523 2 No 404 8 Don't know 4 9 Refused 2 Sysmiss 118 Can change PIN or password Are you able to change the PIN or password on the mobile phone that you use without help? Con18 = "yes" 523 528 1 2 1 Yes 475 2 No 48 8 Don't know 0 9 Refused 0 Sysmiss 528 Rules about using own phone Does someone, such as a family member, set rules about how you can use a mobile phone? Con1 = "yes" 933 118 1 9 1 Yes 83 2 No 846 8 Don't know 3 9 Refused 1 Sysmiss 118 Received scam text or call In the past 12 months, did you receive a phone call or SMS or text message on your mobile phone from someone you didn't know asking you to send money? Con1 = "yes" 933 118 1 9 1 Yes 291 2 No 636 8 Don't know 4 9 Refused 2 Sysmiss 118 Sent money to scammer Did you send the money to this person? Con21 = "yes" 291 760 1 2 1 Yes 49 2 No 242 8 Don't know 0 9 Refused 0 Sysmiss 760 Received unwanted or offensive messages In the past 12 months, have you received unwanted and offensive messages, photos or videos to your mobile phone? Con1 = "yes" 933 118 1 9 1 Yes 137 2 No 787 8 Don't know 6 9 Refused 3 Sysmiss 118 Used the internet in the past 7 days Have you used the Internet in the past seven days, whether on a mobile phone, a computer, or some other device? 1051 0 1 4 1 Yes 569 2 No 473 3 5 4 4 8 Don't know 0 9 Refused 0 Used the internet in the past 3 months Did you use the Internet in the past 3 months? Con24 = "no/dk/r" 482 569 1 9 1 Yes 59 2 No 417 8 Don't know 5 9 Refused 1 Sysmiss 569 Frequency of internet use In a typical month, how frequently do you use the Internet? Daily, weekly, monthly, or less than once a month? Con24 or Con25 = "yes" 628 423 1 9 1 Daily 429 2 Weekly 113 3 Monthly 52 4 Less than once a month 18 7 Never 8 8 Don't know 7 9 Refused 1 Sysmiss 423 Purchase a data package Do you buy a data package to use the Internet? Con24 or Con25 = "yes" 628 423 1 8 1 Yes 550 2 No 76 8 Don't know 2 9 Refused 0 Sysmiss 423 Frequency of data package purchase How frequently do you buy your data package to use the Internet? Daily, weekly, monthly, or less than once a month? Con27 = "yes" 550 501 1 8 1 Daily 68 2 Weekly 142 3 Monthly 317 4 Less than once a month 15 7 Never 1 8 Don't know 7 9 Refused 0 Sysmiss 501 Connect to the internet only through free WiFi Do you connect to the Internet only through free WiFi, such as from a neighbor, a shop, or a free public WiFi area? Con27 = "no/dk/r" 78 973 1 8 1 Yes 27 2 No 50 8 Don't know 1 9 Refused 0 Sysmiss 973 Sent a voice message from a mobile phone In the past 3 months, have you personally done any of the following activities? Please answer yes or no: Sent a voice message from a mobile phone Con9 = "A smartphone" or Con24 = "yes" or Con25 = "yes" 697 354 1 9 1 Yes 487 2 No 207 8 Don't know 1 9 Refused 2 Sysmiss 354 Sent a photo from a mobile phone In the past 3 months, have you personally done any of the following activities? Please answer yes or no: Sent a photo from a mobile phone Con9 = "A smartphone" or Con24 = "yes" or Con25 = "yes" 697 354 1 9 1 Yes 494 2 No 200 8 Don't know 0 9 Refused 3 Sysmiss 354 Used social media on a mobile phone In the past 3 months, have you personally done any of the following activities? Please answer yes or no: Used social media, like Facebook or TikTok, on a mobile phone Con9 = "A smartphone" or Con24 = "yes" or Con25 = "yes" 697 354 1 9 1 Yes 554 2 No 141 8 Don't know 1 9 Refused 1 Sysmiss 354 Read about news or current events online In the past 3 months, have you personally done any of the following activities? Please answer yes or no: Read about news or current events online Con9 = "A smartphone" or Con24 = "yes" or Con25 = "yes" 697 354 1 9 1 Yes 454 2 No 240 8 Don't know 2 9 Refused 1 Sysmiss 354 Accessed educational information online In the past 3 months, have you personally done any of the following activities? Please answer yes or no: Accessed information online to learn, train, or educate yourself or someone else Con9 = "A smartphone" or Con24 = "yes" or Con25 = "yes" 697 354 1 8 1 Yes 348 2 No 347 8 Don't know 2 9 Refused 0 Sysmiss 354 Earned money online In the past 3 months, have you personally done any of the following activities? Please answer yes or no: Used apps or websites to earn money, for example, selling goods or services online Con9 = "A smartphone" or Con24 = "yes" or Con25 = "yes" 697 354 1 9 1 Yes 142 2 No 551 8 Don't know 2 9 Refused 2 Sysmiss 354 Accessed government services or searched for government information online In the past 3 months, have you personally done any of the following activities? Please answer yes or no: Accessed government services or searched for government information online Con9 = "A smartphone" or Con24 = "yes" or Con25 = "yes" 697 354 1 9 1 Yes 159 2 No 531 8 Don't know 6 9 Refused 1 Sysmiss 354 Searched or applied for a job online In the past 3 months, have you personally done any of the following activities? Please answer yes or no: Searched or applied for a job online Con9 = "A smartphone" or Con24 = "yes" or Con25 = "yes" 697 354 1 8 1 Yes 233 2 No 462 8 Don't know 2 9 Refused 0 Sysmiss 354 Reason for no smartphone: not enough money Please tell me whether each of the following are reasons why you do NOT OWN a smartphone: You don't have enough money to buy a smartphone Con9 = "A basic text phone/dk/r" 351 700 1 9 1 Yes 260 2 No 87 8 Don't know 3 9 Refused 1 Sysmiss 700 Reason for no smartphone: data plan is too expensive Please tell me whether each of the following are reasons why you do NOT OWN a smartphone: Buying a mobile data plan is too expensive Con9 = "A basic text phone/dk/r" 351 700 1 9 1 Yes 70 2 No 257 8 Don't know 21 9 Refused 3 Sysmiss 700 Reason for no smartphone: no reliable coverage Please tell me whether each of the following are reasons why you do NOT OWN a smartphone: There is not reliable Internet coverage where you live Con9 = "A basic text phone/dk/r" 351 700 1 9 1 Yes 50 2 No 278 8 Don't know 21 9 Refused 2 Sysmiss 700 Reason for no smartphone: difficulties reading or typing on a smartphone Please tell me whether each of the following are reasons why you do NOT OWN a smartphone: You have difficulties reading or typing on a smartphone Con9 = "A basic text phone/dk/r" 351 700 1 9 1 Yes 92 2 No 252 8 Don't know 6 9 Refused 1 Sysmiss 700 Reason for no smartphone: family or community disapproval Please tell me whether each of the following are reasons why you do NOT OWN a smartphone: People in your family or community do not approve of you using a smartphone Con9 = "A basic text phone/dk/r" 351 700 1 9 1 Yes 15 2 No 324 8 Don't know 10 9 Refused 2 Sysmiss 700 Reason for no smartphone: worried about safety or security Please tell me whether each of the following are reasons why you do NOT OWN a smartphone: You are worried about your personal safety or security when using a smartphone Con9 = "A basic text phone/dk/r" 351 700 1 9 1 Yes 69 2 No 262 8 Don't know 18 9 Refused 2 Sysmiss 700 Reason for no smartphone: use someone else's smartphone Please tell me whether each of the following are reasons why you do NOT OWN a smartphone: You use someone else's smartphone Con9 = "A basic text phone/dk/r" 351 700 1 9 1 Yes 57 2 No 288 8 Don't know 4 9 Refused 2 Sysmiss 700 Reason for no smartphone: no need Please tell me whether each of the following are reasons why you do NOT OWN a smartphone: You have no need for a smartphone Con9 = "A basic text phone/dk/r" 351 700 1 9 1 Yes 85 2 No 255 8 Don't know 8 9 Refused 3 Sysmiss 700 Main reason for not having a smartphone What is the main reason you do not own a smartphone? You don’t have enough money to buy a smartphone Buying a mobile data plan is too expensive There is not reliable Internet coverage where you live You have difficulties reading or typing on a smartphone People in your family or community do not approve of you using a smartphone You are worried about your personal safety or security when using a smartphone You use someone else’s smartphone You have no need for a smartphone (Some other reason/None of these reasons) (DK) (Refused) Only display items from Con31A-Con31H if Con31A or Con31B or Con31C or Con31D or Con31E or Con31F or Con31G or Con31H = "yes" 309 742 1 99 1 Don't have enough money to buy a smartphone 216 2 Buying a mobile data plan is too expensive 6 3 There is not reliable Internet coverage where you live 3 4 Difficulties reading or typing on a smartphone 34 5 People in family or community do not approve of using a smartphone 3 6 Worried about personal safety or security when using a smartphone 7 7 Use someone else's smartphone 10 8 Don't need a smartphone 23 97 Some other reason/None of these reasons 5 98 Don't know 1 99 Refused 1 Sysmiss 742 ID ownership 1051 0 1 4 1 Yes 922 2 No 126 3 Don't know 1 4 Refused 2 Foundational ID has been used without permission for illegal purposes 922 129 1 3 1 Yes 60 2 No 836 3 Don't know 26 4 Refused 0 Sysmiss 129 Reason no ID: Have another ID 129 922 1 4 1 Yes 26 2 No 101 3 Don't know 1 4 Refused 1 Sysmiss 922 Reason no ID: Do not need an ID 129 922 1 4 1 Yes 16 2 No 108 3 Don't know 3 4 Refused 2 Sysmiss 922 Reason no ID: Too expensive 129 922 1 4 1 Yes 47 2 No 74 3 Don't know 5 4 Refused 3 Sysmiss 922 Reason no ID: No documents 129 922 1 4 1 Yes 39 2 No 84 3 Don't know 4 4 Refused 2 Sysmiss 922 Reason no ID: Travel too far 129 922 1 4 1 Yes 44 2 No 81 3 Don't know 3 4 Refused 1 Sysmiss 922 Reason no ID: Uncomfortable sharing information 129 922 1 4 1 Yes 23 2 No 100 3 Don't know 4 4 Refused 2 Sysmiss 922 Challenge: Receiving financial support from the government 129 922 1 4 1 Yes 45 2 No 79 3 Don't know 4 4 Refused 1 Sysmiss 922 Challenge: Using financial services 129 922 1 4 1 Yes 59 2 No 63 3 Don't know 6 4 Refused 1 Sysmiss 922 Challenge: Obtaining a SIM card 129 922 1 4 1 Yes 78 2 No 45 3 Don't know 4 4 Refused 2 Sysmiss 922 Challenge: Participating in elections 129 922 1 4 1 Yes 57 2 No 67 3 Don't know 3 4 Refused 2 Sysmiss 922 Challenge: Applying for a job 129 922 1 4 1 Yes 52 2 No 72 3 Don't know 3 4 Refused 2 Sysmiss 922 Challenge: Receiving medical care 129 922 1 4 1 Yes 35 2 No 90 3 Don't know 3 4 Refused 1 Sysmiss 922 Online digital ID ownership 0 1051 1 Yes 0 2 No 0 3 Don't know 0 4 Refused 0 Sysmiss 1051 Online digital ID has been used on phone or computer to confirm identity online 0 1051 1 Yes 0 2 No 0 3 Don't know 0 4 Refused 0 Sysmiss 1051