We provide estimates of poverty at the regional level in India spanning the 1990s. Such estimates have not been previously available due to concerns regarding non-comparability of the 1993/94 and 1999/00 NSSO household survey data. We implement an adjustment procedure to restore comparability based on a methodology developed in Elbers et al (2003). Our results indicate a less rapid decline of poverty at the all-India level than has been suggested by Deaton and Drèze (2002), based on a related adjustment methodology. We attempt to uncover the source of disagreement across these procedures by probing a number of their underlying assumptions.