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World Bank Enterprise Survey 2009-2013-2019-2024

Poland, 2008 - 2025
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POL_2009-2013-2019-2024_WBES_v01_M
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World Bank Group (WBG)
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Dec 23, 2025
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Dec 23, 2025
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Data file: Poland _2009_2013_2019_2024_

Poland 2009, 2013, 2019, and 2024 World Bank Enterprise Survey panel data

Cases: 4091
Variables: 797

Variables

_2019_2024_m1a_courts_pos
m1a: Position of Courts
_2019_2024_m1a_crime_pos
m1a: Position of Crime, theft and disorder
_2019_2024_m1a_trade_pos
m1a: Position of Customs and trade regulations
_2019_2024_m1a_electricity_pos
m1a: Position of Electricity
_2019_2024_m1a_workforce_pos
m1a: Position of Inadequately educated workforce
_2019_2024_m1a_labor_pos
m1a: Position of Labor regulations
_2019_2024_m1a_instability_pos
m1a: Position of Political instability
_2019_2024_m1a_informal_pos
m1a: Position of Practices of competitors in the informal sector
_2019_2024_m1a_taxadmin_pos
m1a: Position of Tax administration
_2019_2024_m1a_taxrate_pos
m1a: Position of Tax rates
_2019_2024_m1a_transport_pos
m1a: Position of Transport
n2a
Total Labor Cost (Incl. Wages, Salaries, Bonuses, Etc) In Last Fiscal Year
_2024_n2a2
Social security payments and employment-based taxes
n2b
Total Annual Costs of Electricity In Last Fiscal Year
_2024_n2k
Total Annual Cost of Water
_2024_n2l
Total Annual Cost of high-speed, fixed broadband internet
n2e
Cost of Raw Materials And Intermediate Goods Used In Prod. In Last Fiscal Year
n2i
Total Annual Cost of Finished Goods/Materials Bought To Resell In Last FY
n7a
Cost For Establishment To Re-Purchase All of Its Machinery
_2024_n11
Effective income-based tax rate
a15d
Day
a15m
Month
_2013_2019_2024_a15y
Year
a15h
Hour
a15min
Minutes
a16
Perception of The Questions Regarding Opinions And Perceptions
a17
Responses To The Questions About Figures Are…
a18
This Questionnaire Was Completed In:
a19h
If Option 2 or 3 In A.18, Estimate Duration of The Whole Interview: Hours
a19m
If Option 2 or 3 In A.18, Estimate Duration of The Whole Interview: Minutes
_2024_a13
Supervisor Number
_2024_a1d
Mode of Collection
_2013_2019_2024_a3b
official Capital City?
_2013_2019_2024_a3c
Main Business City?
a3
Size of Locality
_2024_d1a2_v4
Main Product/Service ISIC (Rev. 4) Code
stratificationregioncode
stratificationsizecode
stratificationsectorcode
stratificationpanelcode
wstrict
Weight according to strict eligibility
wmedian
Weight according to median eligibility
wweak
Weight according to weak eligibility
_2024_strata
see notes
c8
Average Duration of Power Outages: Hours
_2009_2013_2019_panel
Panel: Firm interviewed in these years
status2019
Status of 2013 firm in 2019
status2013
Status of 2009 firm in 2013
_2009_2013_2019_a15a2a
Main Respondent Years Working In The Establishment:
_2009_2013_2019_a15a2b
Second Respondent Years Working In The Establishment:
_2009_2013_2019_a4a_p
Industry Sampling Sector
_2009_2013_2019_a4b
Industry Screener Sector
_2009_2013_2019_a6b
Screener Size, Categorical
_2009_2013_2019_b3
What Percentage of This Firm Does The Largest Owner(S) Own?
_2009_2013_2019_b6a
Was Establishment Formally Registered When It Began Operations?
_2009_2013_2019_c15
Did You Experience Insufficient Water Supply For Production In Last FY?
_2009_2013_2019_d1a1x
Main Product/Service (By The Largest % of Annual Sales) In Last Fiscal Year
_2009_2013_2019_d1a2
Main Product/Service ISIC (Rev. 3.1) Code
_2009_2013_2019_d6
In Last FY, Export Losses Due To Theft As % of Value of Products
_2009_2013_2019_f2
Number of Hours Per Week Operated By The Establishment In Last Fiscal Year
_2009_2013_2019_g6a
Percentage of The Building Occupied: Owned By This Establishment
_2009_2013_2019_g6c
Percentage of The Building Occupied: Other
_2009_2013_2019_h7a
The Court System Is Fair, Impartial And Uncorrupted
_2009_2013_2019_i1
In Last FY, Did This Establishment Pay For Security?
_2009_2013_2019_i2a
Percentage of Total Annual Sales Paid For Security In Last Fiscal Year
_2009_2013_2019_i2b
In Last Fiscal Year, What Is The Total Annual Cost of Security?
_2009_2013_2019_i3
Losses Due To Theft, Robbery, Vandalism or Arson Experienced In Last Fiscal Year
_2009_2013_2019_i4a
Losses Due To Theft, Robbery, Vandalism or Arson In Last FY (% of Sales)
_2009_2013_2019_i4b
Value of Losses Due To Theft, Robbery, Vandalism or Arson In Last FY
_2009_2013_2019_j6
% of Value Avg. Establishment Pays In Informal Gifts To Govt To Secure Contract?
_2009_2013_2019_k1c
In Last FY, % of Material Inputs or Services Paid For After Delivery
_2009_2013_2019_k16
In Last FY, Did Establishment Apply For New Loans/Lines of Credit?
_2009_2013_2019_k2c
In Last FY, % of Total Annual Sales Paid For After Delivery
_2009_2013_2019_k8
Establishment Has A Line of Credit or Loan From A Financial Institution?
_2009_2013_2019_n2f
Total Annual Costs of Fuel In Last Fiscal Year
_2009_2013_a5
Sector match between screener information and sample frame
_2009_2013_a8
Type of establishment
_2009_2013_a10
Establishment's fin. statements prepared separately from other establishmen
_2009_2013_ECAq5
How was the firm established?
_2009_2013_ECAq5x
How was the firm established (Other)
_2009_2013_c22a
Use e-mail to communicate with clients or suppliers?
_2009_2013_c23
High-speed Internet connection on establishment's premises?
_2009_2013_c30b
Telecommunications - obstacle to current operations
_2009_2013_d16
Average days of inventory of most important input
_2009_2013_d17
At the present time
_2009_2013_ECAq53
National
_2009_2013_ECAq31e
Plaintiff or defendant in court in the last 3 yrs?
_2009_2013_ECAj1b
The court system is quick
_2009_2013_ECAj1c
The court system is able to enforce its decisions
_2009_2013_ECAq39
Frequency of informal payments/gifts to get things done
_2009_2013_ECAq41a
Frequency of unofficial payments/gifts to deal with customs/imports
_2009_2013_ECAq41b
Frequency of unofficial payments/gifts to deal with courts
_2009_2013_ECAq41c
Frequency of unofficial payments/gifts to deal with taxes and tax colle
_2009_2013_ECAq69
% of full time employees who completed a university degree
_2009_2013_m1d
Card rotation number (pre-defined)
_2009_2013_n6a
Net book value of machinery
_2009_2013_n6b
Net book value of land and buildings (LCU)
_2009_2013_n7b
Replacement cost for land and buildings (LCU)
_2009_2013_a15a3a
Main respondent's gender
_2009_2013_a15a3b
Second respondent's gender
_2009_2013_ECAo4
% annual sales accounted for by new or significantly improved products/se
_2009_2013_ECAo11
Way of intro of main new/significantly improved production/delivery meth
_2009_2013_ECAo12
Purchase/license inventions
_2009_2013_ECAo13
Technology compared to the technology of establishment's main competitor
_2013_2019_BMd1a
Total sales expected to increase, decrease, or stay the same?
_2013_2019_BMd1b
Expected Annual Sales Growth Next Year
_2013_2019_d7
In Last FY, Export Losses Due To Breakage or Spoilage As % of Value of Products
_2013_2019_d10
In Last FY, % of Value of Products Lost In Transit Due To Theft
_2013_2019_d11
In Last FY, % of Value of Products Lost In Transit Due To Breakage or Spoilage?
_2013_2019_BMh1
During Last 3 Yrs, Establishment Spent On Acquisition of External Knowledge?
_2013_2019_BMh2
During Last 3 Yrs, Establishment Spent On R&D Within The Establishment?
_2013_2019_BMh3
During Last 3 Yrs, Establishment Spent On R&D Contracted Outside Establishment?
_2013_2019_g1a
Percentage of The Land Occupied: Owned By This Establishment
_2013_2019_g1b
Percentage of The Land Occupied: Rented or Leased By This Establishment
_2013_2019_g1c
Percentage of The Land Occupied: Other
_2013_2019_BMk5hdj
Last FY, % Fixed Assets Funded By: Other (Money Lenders\Friends\Relatives\Etc)
_2013_2019_BMk5
Lease Any Fixed Assets, e.g. Machinery, Vehicles, Equipment, Land or Buildings?
_2013_2019_BMk9
In What Currency Is The Most Recent Line of Credit or Loan Denominated?
_2013_2019_BMk9x
Other (Specify)
_2013_2019_BMk10
What Was The original Duration of The Most Recent Line of Credit or Loan?
_2013_2019_BMj3a
Payments, Gifts or Exchange of Favors With Parliamentarians To Affect Votes
_2013_2019_BMj3b
Payments, or Exchange of Favors With National Govt officials To Affect Decrees
_2013_2019_BMj3c
Payments, or Exchange of Favors With Local/Reg. Govt officials To Affect Policy
_2013_2019_a15a2c
Third Respondent Years Working In The Establishment:
_2019_a12
Interviewer Number
_2019_BMb1
% of the Firm Owned By The Same Family
_2019_BMb2
% of Family Members in Key Management Positions
_2019_BMb3
Does Firm have Formalized Written Business Strategy?
_2019_BMb4
Does Firm have Board of Directors or Supervisory Board?
_2019_BMb5
Owner/CEO/Top Manager/Board Member Ever Elected/Appointed to Political Position?
_2019_BMb6
Firm Part of a Business Membership organization/Trade Association/Etc.?
_2019_BMb8a
Value of Service: Information/Contacts On International Products & Input Markets
_2019_BMb8b
Value of Service: Accrediting Standards or Quality of Products
_2019_BMb8c
Value of service: Information on government regulations
_2019_BMb8d
Value of service: Influencing regulatory decision-making processes / lobbying
_2019_d5a
In Clearing Exports Through Customs,Informal Gift/Payment Expected or Requested?
_2019_d15a
In Clearing Imports Through Customs,Informal Gift/Payment Expected or Requested?
_2019_h3x
Describe In Detail The Main New or Significantly Improved Product or Service
_2019_h4x
Describe How The Main New/Significantly Improved Product or Service Is Different
_2019_h6x
Describe Main New/Significantly Improved Process This Establishment Introduced
_2019_h7x
How The Main New/Significantly Improved Process Is Different
_2019_BMt1
How Often Does The Top Manager Meet With The COO, CAO etc.?
_2019_BMt2
How Often Does The Top Manager Meet With Suppliers?
_2019_BMt3
How Often Does Top Manager Meet With Employees In Production/Services Provision?
_2019_BMt4
How Many Meetings With Top Manager More Than One Other Participant Involved?
_2019_BMt5
How Many Meetings With Top Manager Last Longer Than One Hour?
_2019_BMk3a
% of Working Capital in Government grants
_2019_BMk3b
% of Working Capital in Issued Bonds
_2019_BMk2
The Proportion of Working Capital, Financed By The Same Group
_2019_BMk5a
Last FY, % Fixed Assets Financed with Government grants
_2019_BMk5a1
Fixed Assets - Financed with Government grants
_2019_BMk5b
Last FY, % Fixed Assets Financed by Issuing Bonds
_2019_BMk5b1
Fixed Assets - Financed by Issuing Bonds
_2019_BMk5hdj1
Fixed Assets - Value Other
_2019_BMk4
Proportion of Total Purchase of Fixed Assets Financed By The Same Group
_2019_BMk6
Purchase Any Trademarks, Copyrights, Patents, or Other Intangible Assets?
_2019_k4b
Purchase Any New/Used Fixed Assets?
_2019_n5c
Total Annual Expenditure For Purchases of Equipment In Year Prior To Last FY
_2019_n5d
Total Annual Expenditure On Land And Buildings In Year Prior To Last FY
_2019_BMk7
What Is The Reason For Not Having A Loan or Line of Credit At The Moment?
_2019_BMj1a
Tax officials Were Professional And Impartial
_2019_BMj1b
Tax officials Were Transparent When Making Decisions About This Establishment
_2019_BMj1c
This Establishment Was Able To Voice Complaints
_2019_BMj1_impartial_pos
BMj1: The Position in which This Option Appears During Interview
_2019_BMj1_transparent_pos
BMj1: The Position in which This Option Appears During Interview
_2019_BMj1_voice_pos
BMj1: The Position in which This Option Appears During Interview
_2019_BMj2a
Public officials Were Professional And Impartial
_2019_BMj2b
Public officials Were Transparent In Making Decisions About This Establishment
_2019_BMj2c
This Establishment Was Able To Voice Complaints
_2019_BMj2_impartial_pos
BMj2: The Position in which This Option Appears During Interview
_2019_BMj2_transparent_pos
BMj2: The Position in which This Option Appears During Interview
_2019_BMj2_voice_pos
BMj2: The Position in which This Option Appears During Interview
_2019_BMj3_parliament_pos
BMj3: The Position in which This Option Appears During Interview
_2019_BMj3_natgov_pos
BMj3: The Position in which This Option Appears During Interview
_2019_BMj3_locgov_pos
BMj3: The Position in which This Option Appears During Interview
_2019_BMj4a
How Much of An Obstacle: Occupational safety regulations
_2019_BMj4b
How Much of An Obstacle: Health and hygiene regulations
_2019_BMj4c
How Much of An Obstacle: Environmental regulations
_2019_j30_safety_pos
J30: The Position in which This Option Appears During Interview
_2019_j30_health_pos
J30: The Position in which This Option Appears During Interview
_2019_j30_environment_pos
J30: The Position in which This Option Appears During Interview
_2019_BMj5
For The Next 3 Years, Which Public Spending Should Be of Highest Priority?
_2019_BMj5x
Other (Specify)
_2019_BMl1a
% Permanent Full-Time Employees At The End of FY Had A University Degree?
_2019_BMl1b
Num. of Permanent Full-Time Employees At The End of FY Had A University Degree?
_2019_BMl2
What Was The Primary Focus of The Formal Training Programs?
_2019_n2p
Total Cost of Sales In Last FY
_2019_n2e1
Total Cost of Raw Materials And Intermediate Goods Used In Production
_2019_BMGa22
Continue with current respondent or someone else
_2019_BMGa23
Continue F2F or by phone
_2019_gdpr1a
GDPR consent, respondent 1
_2019_gdpr1b
GDPR consent, respondent 2
_2019_gdpr1c
GDPR consent, respondent 3
_2019_a15a1a
Option That Best Describes The Main Respondents Position
_2019_a15a1ax
Main Respondent Position In The Establishment
_2019_a15a3
Main Respondent's Gender
_2019_a15a1bx
Second Respondent Position In The Establishment
_2019_a15b3
Second Respondent's Gender
_2019_a15a1cx
Third Respondent Position In The Establishment
_2019_a15c3
Third Respondent's Gender
_2019_BMGa14gd
Day
_2019_BMGa14gm
Month
_2019_BMGa14gy
Year
_2019_BMGa14gh
Hour
_2019_BMGa14gmin
Minutes
_2019_BMGa1
In Last FY, Strategic Objectives Mention Environmental or Climate Change Issues
_2019_BMGa2
In Last FY, Have Manager Responsible For Environmental or Climate Issues?
_2019_BMGa3
Manager Responsible For Environment And Climate Change Issues Report To
_2019_BMGa4
Customers Require Certifications or Adherence To Some Environmental Standards?
_2019_BMGb1
Over Last 3 Years, Experienced Monetary Losses Due To Extreme Weather Events
_2019_BMGb2
Over Last 3 Years, Experienced Monetary Losses From Pollution
_2019_BMGc1
Over Last 3 Years, Did This Establishment Monitor Its Energy Consumption?
_2019_BMGc2
Over Last 3 Years, How Often Monitor Its Energy Consumption?
_2019_BMGc3
Over Last 3 Years, Completed External Energy Consumption Audit?
_2019_BMGc4
Over Last 3 Years, Did This Establishment Monitor Its Water Usage?
_2019_BMGc5
Over Last 3 Years, How Often Did This Establishment Monitor Its Water Usage?
_2019_BMGc6
Over Last 3 Years, Did This Establishment Complete External Water Usage Audit?
_2019_BMGc7
Over Last 3 Years, Did This Establishment Emit CO2?
_2019_BMGc8
Over Last 3 Years, Did This Establishment Monitor Its CO2 Emissions?
_2019_BMGc9
Over Last 3 Years, How often Did This Establishment Monitor Its CO2 Emissions?
_2019_BMGc10
Over Last 3 Years, Completed External Audit of CO2 Emissions?
_2019_BMGc11
Over Last 3 Years, Monitor CO2 Emissions Along Its Supply Chain
_2019_BMGc12
Over Last 3 Years, Did This Establishment Emit Pollutants Other Than CO2?
_2019_BMGc13
Over Last 3 Years, Did This Establishment Monitor Pollutants Other Than CO2?
_2019_BMGc14
Over Last 3 Years, How OftenMonitor Its Emissions Other Than CO2?
_2019_BMGc15
Over Last 3 Years, Completed External Audit on Pollutants Other Than CO2
_2019_BMGc16
Over Last 3 Years, Did This Establishment Have Targets On Energy Consumption?
_2019_BMGc17
Over Last 3 Years, What Sort of Targets On Energy Consumption Were Set?
_2019_BMGc18
Over Last 3 Years, Did This Establishment Have Targets For CO2 Emissions?
_2019_BMGc19
Over Last 3 Years, What Sort of Targets On CO2 Emissions?
_2019_BMGc20
Over Last 3 Years,Have Targets For Pollution Emissions Other Than CO2?
_2019_BMGc21
Over Last 3 Years, What Sort of Targets On Pollution Emission Other Than CO2?
_2019_BMGc22
Is Environment/CC Manager Evaluated On Meeting Environmental Targets?
_2019_BMGc23a
Over Last 3 Years, Adopt Heating And Cooling Improvements
_2019_BMGc23b
Over Last 3 Years, Adopt More Climate-Friendly Energy Generation On Site
_2019_BMGc23c
Over Last 3 Years, Adopt Machinery Upgrades
_2019_BMGc23d
Over Last 3 Years, Adopt Energy Management
_2019_BMGc23e
Over Last 3 Years, Adopt Waste Minimization, Recycling And Waste Management
_2019_BMGc23f
Over Last 3 Years, Adopt Air Pollution Control Measures
_2019_BMGc23g
Over Last 3 Years, Adopt Water Management
_2019_BMGc23h
Over Last 3 Years, Adopt Upgrades of Vehicles, Vessels, Aircraft In The Fleet
_2019_BMGc23i
Over Last 3 Years, Adopt Improvement of Lighting Systems
_2019_BMGc23j
Over Last 3 Years, Adopt Other Pollution Control Measures
_2019_BMGc24
Which Measure Has Contributed The Most To Reducing Environmental Impacts?
_2019_BMGc25
Over Last 3 Years, Adopt Any Measures To Enhance Energy Efficiency?
_2019_BMGc26
Over Last 3 Years, Were Any Of These Measures Developed By The Establishment?
_2019_BMGc27
What Is The Main Reason No Measures Were Not Adopted?
_2019_BMGc27x
Other Main Reason No Measures Were Adopted
_2019_BMGc28
Over Last 3 Years, Max. Time Period for Return On Investment Of The Measures?
_2019_BMGc29
Over Last 3 Years, Was Max. Payback Time vs. Non-Energy Efficiency Measures
_2019_BMGd6
In Last Fy, Was This Establishment Subject To An Energy Tax or Levy?
_2019_BMGd7
In Last FY, Subject To An Energy Performance Standard In Its Operations?
_2019_BMGd8
In Last FY, Which Energy Performance Standard Subjected To?
_2019_BMGe1
Electricity, In KWh, Consumed By The Establishment In Last FY?
_2019_BMGe2
Fuels Made From Petroleum Consumed By The Establishment In Last FY
_2019_BMGe2u
Units For Fuel Made From Petroleum
_2019_BMGe2x
Specify Other Units For Fuel (If Not Included Above)
_2019_BMGe3
Natural Gas Consumed By The Establishment In Last FY
_2019_BMGe3u
Units For Natural Gas
_2019_BMGe3x
Specify Other Units For Natural Gas (If Not Included Above)
_2019_BMGe4
Coal, In Tonnes, Consumed By The Establishment In Last FY
_2019_BMGe5
In Last FY, Use Energy From Its Own Renewable Sources?
_2019_BMGe6
Kilograms of Solid Waste Generated By The Establishment In Last FY
_2019_BMGe7
In Last FY, Did This Establishment Measure Its CO2 Emissions?
_2019_BMGe8a
In Last FY, Emit Conventional Air Pollution (E.G. Nox, Sox)?
_2019_BMGe8b
In Last FY, Emit Other Greenhouse Gases (Ghgs)?
_2019_BMGe8c
In Last FY, Emit Soil or Land Pollutants?
_2019_BMGe8d
In Last FY, Emit Water Pollutants?
_2019_BMGe9a
In Last FY, Emit Conventional Air Pollution Other than CO2 (e.g. NOx, SOx)?
_2019_BMGe9b
In Last FY, Emit Other Greenhouse Gases (GHGs)?
_2019_BMGe9c
In Last FY, Emit Soil or Land Pollutants?
_2019_BMGe9d
In Last FY, Emit Water Pollutants?
_2019_BMGa15gd
Day
_2019_BMGa15gm
Month
_2019_BMGa15gy
Year
_2019_BMGa15gh
Hour
_2019_BMGa15gmin
Minutes
_2019_gdpr2
GDPR consent, Green Economy Module Respondent
_2019_BMGa15a1dx
Green Economy Module Respondent Position In The Firm
_2019_BMGa15a2d
Green Economy Module Respondent Years Working In The Firm
_2019_BMGa15a4d
Green Economy Module Respondent Years In Position In The Firm
_2019_BMGa15a3d
Green Economy Module Respondent's Gender
_2019_BMGa12
Interviewer Number (Green Economy Module)
_2019_a13
Supervisor Number
_2019_stratificationregioncode
stratification region code
_2019_stratificationsizecode
stratification size code
_2019_stratificationsectorcode
stratification sector code
_2019_stratificationpanelcode
panel code
_2019_strata
see notes
_2013_a11a
Number of establishments included in the financial statements kept in HQ
_2013_a12
Inteviewer number
_2013_a13
aSupervisor number
_2013_c28
Does this establishment currently use cell phones for the operations of thi
_2013_ECAc31a1
Change in total costs if electricity no longer an obstacle
_2013_ECAc31a2
Expected % increase in total costs - electricity no obstacle
_2013_ECAc31a3
Expected % decrease in total costs - electricity no obstacle
_2013_ECAq15a
% of national sales to government/government agencies
_2013_ECAd31b1
Change in total costs if customs and trade regulations are no longer a
_2013_ECAd31b2
Expected % increase in total costs - customs and trade regulations no
_2013_ECAd31b3
Expected % decrease in total costs - customs and trade regulations no
Total: 797
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