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World Bank Enterprise Survey 2009-2013-2019-2023

Bulgaria, 2008 - 2023
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BGR_2009-2013-2019-2023_WBES_v01_M
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World Bank Group (WBG)
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Created on
Dec 17, 2025
Last modified
Dec 18, 2025
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Data file: Bulgaria _2009_2013_2019_2023_

Bulgaria 2009, 2013, 2019, and 2023 World Bank Enterprise Survey panel data

Cases: 2063
Variables: 805

Variables

_2023_l37
In the last 3 yrs., establishment has been involved in any labor dispute
_2023_l38
Typical number of weeks to resolve labor dispute
_2023_l39
Cost to resolve labor dispute
_2023_l40
In last FY, was establishment visited by health and safety inspectors
_2023_l41
Was a report issued for health and safety inspection
l30a
How Much of An Obstacle: Labor Regulations?
l30b
How Much of An Obstacle: Inadequately Educated Workforce?
m1a
Biggest Obstacle Affecting The Operation of This Establishment
_2019_2023_m1a_finance_pos
m1a: Position of Access to Finance
_2019_2023_m1a_land_pos
m1a: Position of Access to land
_2019_2023_m1a_permit_pos
m1a: Position of Business licensing and permits
_2019_2023_m1a_corruption_pos
m1a: Position of corruption
_2019_2023_m1a_courts_pos
m1a: Position of Courts
_2019_2023_m1a_crime_pos
m1a: Position of Crime, theft and disorder
_2019_2023_m1a_trade_pos
m1a: Position of Customs and trade regulations
_2019_2023_m1a_electricity_pos
m1a: Position of Electricity
_2019_2023_m1a_workforce_pos
m1a: Position of Inadequately educated workforce
_2019_2023_m1a_labor_pos
m1a: Position of Labor regulations
_2019_2023_m1a_instability_pos
m1a: Position of Political instability
_2019_2023_m1a_informal_pos
m1a: Position of Practices of competitors in the informal sector
_2019_2023_m1a_taxadmin_pos
m1a: Position of Tax administration
_2019_2023_m1a_taxrate_pos
m1a: Position of Tax rates
_2019_2023_m1a_transport_pos
m1a: Position of Transport
n2a
Total Labor Cost (Incl. Wages, Salaries, Bonuses, Etc) In Last Fiscal Year
_2023_n2a2
Social security payments and employment-based taxes
n2b
Total Annual Costs of Electricity In Last Fiscal Year
_2023_n2k
Total Annual Cost of Water
_2023_n2l
Total Annual Cost of high-speed, fixed broadband internet
n2e
Cost of Raw Materials And Intermediate Goods Used In Prod. In Last Fiscal Year
n2i
Total Annual Cost of Finished Goods/Materials Bought To Resell In Last FY
_2023_n2a1
Total Labor Cost (Incl. Wages, Salaries, Bonuses, Etc) 2 fiscal years ago
_2019_2023_n2e1
Total Cost of Raw Materials And Intermediate Goods Used In Production
n7a
Cost For Establishment To Re-Purchase All of Its Machinery
_2023_n11
Effective income-based tax rate
_2023_n12
Effective consumption tax rate
a15d
Day
a15m
Month
_2013_2019_2023_a15y
Year
a15h
Hour
a15min
Minutes
a16
Perception of The Questions Regarding Opinions And Perceptions
a17
Responses To The Questions About Figures Are…
a18
This Questionnaire Was Completed In:
a19h
If Option 2 or 3 In A.18, Estimate Duration of The Whole Interview: Hours
a19m
If Option 2 or 3 In A.18, Estimate Duration of The Whole Interview: Minutes
_2023_a13
Supervisor Number
_2013_2019_2023_a3b
official Capital City?
_2013_2019_2023_a3c
Main Business City?
a3
Size of Locality
_2023_d1a2_v4
Main Product/Service ISIC (Rev. 4) Code
_2023_a12
Interviewer Number
stratificationregioncode
stratification region code
stratificationsizecode
stratification size code
stratificationsectorcode
stratification sector code
stratificationpanelcode
panel code
wstrict
Weight according to strict eligibility
wmedian
Weight according to median eligibility
wweak
Weight according to weak eligibility
_2023_strata
see notes
c8
Average Duration of Power Outages: Hours
_2009_2013_2019_panel
Panel: Firm interviewed in these years
status2019
Status of 2013 firm in 2019
status2013
Status of 2009 firm in 2013
_2009_2013_2019_a15a2a
Main Respondent Years Working In The Establishment:
_2009_2013_2019_a15a2b
Second Respondent Years Working In The Establishment:
_2009_2013_2019_a4a_p
Industry Sampling Sector
_2009_2013_2019_a4b
Industry Screener Sector
_2009_2013_2019_a6b
Screener Size, Categorical
_2009_2013_2019_b3
What Percentage of This Firm Does The Largest Owner(S) Own?
_2009_2013_2019_b6a
Was Establishment Formally Registered When It Began Operations?
_2009_2013_2019_c15
Did You Experience Insufficient Water Supply For Production In Last FY?
_2009_2013_2019_d1a1x
Main Product/Service (By The Largest % of Annual Sales) In Last Fiscal Year
_2009_2013_2019_d1a2
Main Product/Service ISIC (Rev. 3.1) Code
_2009_2013_2019_d6
In Last FY, Export Losses Due To Theft As % of Value of Products
_2009_2013_2019_f2
Number of Hours Per Week Operated By The Establishment In Last Fiscal Year
_2009_2013_2019_g6a
Percentage of The Building Occupied: Owned By This Establishment
_2009_2013_2019_g6b
Percentage of The Building Occupied: Leased or Rented By This Establishment
_2009_2013_2019_g6c
Percentage of The Building Occupied: Other
_2009_2013_2019_h7a
The Court System Is Fair, Impartial And Uncorrupted
_2009_2013_2019_i1
In Last FY, Did This Establishment Pay For Security?
_2009_2013_2019_i2a
Percentage of Total Annual Sales Paid For Security In Last Fiscal Year
_2009_2013_2019_i2b
In Last Fiscal Year, What Is The Total Annual Cost of Security?
_2009_2013_2019_i3
Losses Due To Theft, Robbery, Vandalism or Arson Experienced In Last Fiscal Year
_2009_2013_2019_i4a
Losses Due To Theft, Robbery, Vandalism or Arson In Last FY (% of Sales)
_2009_2013_2019_i4b
Value of Losses Due To Theft, Robbery, Vandalism or Arson In Last FY
_2009_2013_2019_j6
% of Value Avg. Establishment Pays In Informal Gifts To Govt To Secure Contract?
_2009_2013_2019_k1c
In Last FY, % of Material Inputs or Services Paid For After Delivery
_2009_2013_2019_k16
In Last FY, Did Establishment Apply For New Loans/Lines of Credit?
_2009_2013_2019_k2c
In Last FY, % of Total Annual Sales Paid For After Delivery
_2009_2013_2019_k8
Establishment Has A Line of Credit or Loan From A Financial Institution?
_2009_2013_2019_n2f
Total Annual Costs of Fuel In Last Fiscal Year
_2009_2013_a5
Sector match between screener information and sample frame
_2009_2013_a8
Type of establishment
_2009_2013_a10
Establishment's fin. statements prepared separately from other establishmen
_2009_2013_ECAq5
How was the firm established?
_2009_2013_ECAq5x
How was the firm established (Other)
_2009_2013_c22a
Use e-mail to communicate with clients or suppliers?
_2009_2013_c23
High-speed Internet connection on establishment's premises?
_2009_2013_c30b
Telecommunications - obstacle to current operations
_2009_2013_d16
Average days of inventory of most important input
_2009_2013_d17
At the present time
_2009_2013_ECAq53
National
_2009_2013_ECAq31e
Plaintiff or defendant in court in the last 3 yrs?
_2009_2013_ECAj1b
The court system is quick
_2009_2013_ECAj1c
The court system is able to enforce its decisions
_2009_2013_ECAq39
Frequency of informal payments/gifts to get things done
_2009_2013_ECAq41a
Frequency of unofficial payments/gifts to deal with customs/imports
_2009_2013_ECAq41b
Frequency of unofficial payments/gifts to deal with courts
_2009_2013_ECAq41c
Frequency of unofficial payments/gifts to deal with taxes and tax colle
_2009_2013_ECAq69
% of full time employees who completed a university degree
_2009_2013_m1d
Card rotation number (pre-defined)
_2009_2013_n6a
Net book value of machinery
_2009_2013_n6b
Net book value of land and buildings (LCU)
_2009_2013_n7b
Replacement cost for land and buildings (LCU)
_2009_2013_a15a3a
Main respondent's gender
_2009_2013_a15a3b
Second respondent's gender
_2009_2013_ECAo4
% annual sales accounted for by new or significantly improved products/se
_2009_2013_ECAo11
Way of intro of main new/significantly improved production/delivery meth
_2009_2013_ECAo12
Purchase/license inventions
_2009_2013_ECAo13
Technology compared to the technology of establishment's main competitor
_2013_2019_BMd1a
Total sales expected to increase, decrease, or stay the same?
_2013_2019_BMd1b
Expected Annual Sales Growth Next Year
_2013_2019_d7
In Last FY, Export Losses Due To Breakage or Spoilage As % of Value of Products
_2013_2019_d10
In Last FY, % of Value of Products Lost In Transit Due To Theft
_2013_2019_d11
In Last FY, % of Value of Products Lost In Transit Due To Breakage or Spoilage?
_2013_2019_BMh1
During Last 3 Yrs, Establishment Spent On Acquisition of External Knowledge?
_2013_2019_BMh2
During Last 3 Yrs, Establishment Spent On R&D Within The Establishment?
_2013_2019_BMh3
During Last 3 Yrs, Establishment Spent On R&D Contracted Outside Establishment?
_2013_2019_g1a
Percentage of The Land Occupied: Owned By This Establishment
_2013_2019_g1b
Percentage of The Land Occupied: Rented or Leased By This Establishment
_2013_2019_g1c
Percentage of The Land Occupied: Other
_2013_2019_BMk5hdj
Last FY, % Fixed Assets Funded By: Other (Money Lenders\Friends\Relatives\Etc)
_2013_2019_BMk5
Lease Any Fixed Assets, e.g. Machinery, Vehicles, Equipment, Land or Buildings?
_2013_2019_BMk9
In What Currency Is The Most Recent Line of Credit or Loan Denominated?
_2013_2019_BMk9x
Other (Specify)
_2013_2019_BMk10
What Was The original Duration of The Most Recent Line of Credit or Loan?
_2013_2019_BMj3a
Payments, Gifts or Exchange of Favors With Parliamentarians To Affect Votes
_2013_2019_BMj3b
Payments, or Exchange of Favors With National Govt officials To Affect Decrees
_2013_2019_BMj3c
Payments, or Exchange of Favors With Local/Reg. Govt officials To Affect Policy
_2013_2019_a15a2c
Third Respondent Years Working In The Establishment:
_2019_a12
Interviewer Number
_2019_BMb1
% of the Firm Owned By The Same Family
_2019_BMb2
% of Family Members in Key Management Positions
_2019_BMb3
Does Firm have Formalized Written Business Strategy?
_2019_BMb4
Does Firm have Board of Directors or Supervisory Board?
_2019_BMb5
Owner/CEO/Top Manager/Board Member Ever Elected/Appointed to Political Position?
_2019_BMb6
Firm Part of a Business Membership organization/Trade Association/Etc.?
_2019_BMb8a
Value of Service: Information/Contacts On International Products & Input Markets
_2019_BMb8b
Value of Service: Accrediting Standards or Quality of Products
_2019_BMb8c
Value of service: Information on government regulations
_2019_BMb8d
Value of service: Influencing regulatory decision-making processes / lobbying
_2019_d5a
In Clearing Exports Through Customs,Informal Gift/Payment Expected or Requested?
_2019_d15a
In Clearing Imports Through Customs,Informal Gift/Payment Expected or Requested?
_2019_BMt1
How Often Does The Top Manager Meet With The COO, CAO etc.?
_2019_BMt2
How Often Does The Top Manager Meet With Suppliers?
_2019_BMt3
How Often Does Top Manager Meet With Employees In Production/Services Provision?
_2019_BMt4
How Many Meetings With Top Manager More Than One Other Participant Involved?
_2019_BMt5
How Many Meetings With Top Manager Last Longer Than One Hour?
_2019_BMk3a
% of Working Capital in Government grants
_2019_BMk3b
% of Working Capital in Issued Bonds
_2019_BMk2
The Proportion of Working Capital, Financed By The Same Group
_2019_BMk5a
Last FY, % Fixed Assets Financed with Government grants
_2019_BMk5a1
Fixed Assets - Financed with Government grants
_2019_BMk5b
Last FY, % Fixed Assets Financed by Issuing Bonds
_2019_BMk5b1
Fixed Assets - Financed by Issuing Bonds
_2019_BMk5hdj1
Fixed Assets - Value Other
_2019_BMk4
Proportion of Total Purchase of Fixed Assets Financed By The Same Group
_2019_BMk6
Purchase Any Trademarks, Copyrights, Patents, or Other Intangible Assets?
_2019_BMk7
What Is The Reason For Not Having A Loan or Line of Credit At The Moment?
_2019_BMj1a
Tax officials Were Professional And Impartial
_2019_BMj1b
Tax officials Were Transparent When Making Decisions About This Establishment
_2019_BMj1c
This Establishment Was Able To Voice Complaints
_2019_BMj1_impartial_pos
BMj1: The Position in which This Option Appears During Interview
_2019_BMj1_transparent_pos
BMj1: The Position in which This Option Appears During Interview
_2019_BMj1_voice_pos
BMj1: The Position in which This Option Appears During Interview
_2019_BMj2a
Public officials Were Professional And Impartial
_2019_BMj2b
Public officials Were Transparent In Making Decisions About This Establishment
_2019_BMj2c
This Establishment Was Able To Voice Complaints
_2019_BMj2_impartial_pos
BMj2: The Position in which This Option Appears During Interview
_2019_BMj2_transparent_pos
BMj2: The Position in which This Option Appears During Interview
_2019_BMj2_voice_pos
BMj2: The Position in which This Option Appears During Interview
_2019_BMj3_parliament_pos
BMj3: The Position in which This Option Appears During Interview
_2019_BMj3_natgov_pos
BMj3: The Position in which This Option Appears During Interview
_2019_BMj3_locgov_pos
BMj3: The Position in which This Option Appears During Interview
_2019_BMj4a
How Much of An Obstacle: Occupational safety regulations
_2019_BMj4b
How Much of An Obstacle: Health and hygiene regulations
_2019_BMj4c
How Much of An Obstacle: Environmental regulations
_2019_j30_safety_pos
J30: The Position in which This Option Appears During Interview
_2019_j30_health_pos
J30: The Position in which This Option Appears During Interview
_2019_j30_environment_pos
J30: The Position in which This Option Appears During Interview
_2019_BMj5
For The Next 3 Years, Which Public Spending Should Be of Highest Priority?
_2019_BMj5x
Other (Specify)
_2019_BMl1a
% Permanent Full-Time Employees At The End of FY Had A University Degree?
_2019_BMl1b
Num. of Permanent Full-Time Employees At The End of FY Had A University Degree?
_2019_BMl2
What Was The Primary Focus of The Formal Training Programs?
_2019_n2p
Total Cost of Sales In Last FY
_2019_BMGa22
Continue with current respondent or someone else
_2019_BMGa23
Continue F2F or by phone
_2019_a15a1a
Option That Best Describes The Main Respondents Position
_2019_a15a1ax
Main Respondent Position In The Establishment
_2019_a15a3
Main Respondent's Gender
_2019_a15a1bx
Second Respondent Position In The Establishment
_2019_a15b3
Second Respondent's Gender
_2019_a15a1cx
Third Respondent Position In The Establishment
_2019_a15c3
Third Respondent's Gender
_2019_BMGa14gd
Day
_2019_BMGa14gm
Month
_2019_BMGa14gy
Year
_2019_BMGa14gh
Hour
_2019_BMGa14gmin
Minutes
_2019_BMGa1
In Last FY, Strategic Objectives Mention Environmental or Climate Change Issues
_2019_BMGa2
In Last FY, Have Manager Responsible For Environmental or Climate Issues?
_2019_BMGa3
Manager Responsible For Environment And Climate Change Issues Report To
_2019_BMGa4
Customers Require Certifications or Adherence To Some Environmental Standards?
_2019_BMGb1
Over Last 3 Years, Experienced Monetary Losses Due To Extreme Weather Events
_2019_BMGb2
Over Last 3 Years, Experienced Monetary Losses From Pollution
_2019_BMGc1
Over Last 3 Years, Did This Establishment Monitor Its Energy Consumption?
_2019_BMGc2
Over Last 3 Years, How Often Monitor Its Energy Consumption?
_2019_BMGc3
Over Last 3 Years, Completed External Energy Consumption Audit?
_2019_BMGc4
Over Last 3 Years, Did This Establishment Monitor Its Water Usage?
_2019_BMGc5
Over Last 3 Years, How Often Did This Establishment Monitor Its Water Usage?
_2019_BMGc6
Over Last 3 Years, Did This Establishment Complete External Water Usage Audit?
_2019_BMGc7
Over Last 3 Years, Did This Establishment Emit CO2?
_2019_BMGc8
Over Last 3 Years, Did This Establishment Monitor Its CO2 Emissions?
_2019_BMGc9
Over Last 3 Years, How often Did This Establishment Monitor Its CO2 Emissions?
_2019_BMGc10
Over Last 3 Years, Completed External Audit of CO2 Emissions?
_2019_BMGc11
Over Last 3 Years, Monitor CO2 Emissions Along Its Supply Chain
_2019_BMGc12
Over Last 3 Years, Did This Establishment Emit Pollutants Other Than CO2?
_2019_BMGc13
Over Last 3 Years, Did This Establishment Monitor Pollutants Other Than CO2?
_2019_BMGc14
Over Last 3 Years, How OftenMonitor Its Emissions Other Than CO2?
_2019_BMGc15
Over Last 3 Years, Completed External Audit on Pollutants Other Than CO2
_2019_BMGc16
Over Last 3 Years, Did This Establishment Have Targets On Energy Consumption?
_2019_BMGc17
Over Last 3 Years, What Sort of Targets On Energy Consumption Were Set?
_2019_BMGc18
Over Last 3 Years, Did This Establishment Have Targets For CO2 Emissions?
_2019_BMGc19
Over Last 3 Years, What Sort of Targets On CO2 Emissions?
_2019_BMGc20
Over Last 3 Years,Have Targets For Pollution Emissions Other Than CO2?
_2019_BMGc21
Over Last 3 Years, What Sort of Targets On Pollution Emission Other Than CO2?
_2019_BMGc22
Is Environment/CC Manager Evaluated On Meeting Environmental Targets?
_2019_BMGc23a
Over Last 3 Years, Adopt Heating And Cooling Improvements
_2019_BMGc23b
Over Last 3 Years, Adopt More Climate-Friendly Energy Generation On Site
_2019_BMGc23c
Over Last 3 Years, Adopt Machinery Upgrades
_2019_BMGc23d
Over Last 3 Years, Adopt Energy Management
_2019_BMGc23e
Over Last 3 Years, Adopt Waste Minimization, Recycling And Waste Management
_2019_BMGc23f
Over Last 3 Years, Adopt Air Pollution Control Measures
_2019_BMGc23g
Over Last 3 Years, Adopt Water Management
_2019_BMGc23h
Over Last 3 Years, Adopt Upgrades of Vehicles, Vessels, Aircraft In The Fleet
_2019_BMGc23i
Over Last 3 Years, Adopt Improvement of Lighting Systems
_2019_BMGc23j
Over Last 3 Years, Adopt Other Pollution Control Measures
_2019_BMGc24
Which Measure Has Contributed The Most To Reducing Environmental Impacts?
_2019_BMGc25
Over Last 3 Years, Adopt Any Measures To Enhance Energy Efficiency?
_2019_BMGc26
Over Last 3 Years, Were Any Of These Measures Developed By The Establishment?
_2019_BMGc27
What Is The Main Reason No Measures Were Not Adopted?
_2019_BMGc27x
Other Main Reason No Measures Were Adopted
_2019_BMGc28
Over Last 3 Years, Max. Time Period for Return On Investment Of The Measures?
_2019_BMGc29
Over Last 3 Years, Was Max. Payback Time vs. Non-Energy Efficiency Measures
_2019_BMGd6
In Last Fy, Was This Establishment Subject To An Energy Tax or Levy?
_2019_BMGd7
In Last FY, Subject To An Energy Performance Standard In Its Operations?
_2019_BMGd8
In Last FY, Which Energy Performance Standard Subjected To?
_2019_BMGe1
Electricity, In KWh, Consumed By The Establishment In Last FY?
_2019_BMGe2
Fuels Made From Petroleum Consumed By The Establishment In Last FY
_2019_BMGe2u
Units For Fuel Made From Petroleum
_2019_BMGe2x
Specify Other Units For Fuel (If Not Included Above)
_2019_BMGe3
Natural Gas Consumed By The Establishment In Last FY
_2019_BMGe3u
Units For Natural Gas
_2019_BMGe3x
Specify Other Units For Natural Gas (If Not Included Above)
_2019_BMGe4
Coal, In Tonnes, Consumed By The Establishment In Last FY
_2019_BMGe5
In Last FY, Use Energy From Its Own Renewable Sources?
_2019_BMGe6
Kilograms of Solid Waste Generated By The Establishment In Last FY
_2019_BMGe7
In Last FY, Did This Establishment Measure Its CO2 Emissions?
_2019_BMGe8a
In Last FY, Emit Conventional Air Pollution (E.G. Nox, Sox)?
_2019_BMGe8b
In Last FY, Emit Other Greenhouse Gases (Ghgs)?
_2019_BMGe8c
In Last FY, Emit Soil or Land Pollutants?
_2019_BMGe8d
In Last FY, Emit Water Pollutants?
_2019_BMGe9a
In Last FY, Emit Conventional Air Pollution Other than CO2 (e.g. NOx, SOx)?
_2019_BMGe9b
In Last FY, Emit Other Greenhouse Gases (GHGs)?
_2019_BMGe9c
In Last FY, Emit Soil or Land Pollutants?
_2019_BMGe9d
In Last FY, Emit Water Pollutants?
_2019_BMGa15gd
Day
_2019_BMGa15gm
Month
_2019_BMGa15gy
Year
_2019_BMGa15gh
Hour
_2019_BMGa15gmin
Minutes
_2019_gdpr2
GDPR consent, Green Economy Module Respondent
_2019_BMGa15a1dx
Green Economy Module Respondent Position In The Firm
_2019_BMGa15a2d
Green Economy Module Respondent Years Working In The Firm
_2019_BMGa15a4d
Green Economy Module Respondent Years In Position In The Firm
_2019_BMGa15a3d
Green Economy Module Respondent's Gender
_2019_BMGa12
Interviewer Number (Green Economy Module)
_2019_a13
Supervisor Number
_2019_stratificationregioncode
stratification region code
_2019_stratificationsizecode
stratification size code
_2019_stratificationsectorcode
stratification sector code
_2019_stratificationpanelcode
panel code
_2019_strata
see notes
_2013_a11a
Number of establishments included in the financial statements kept in HQ
_2013_a12
Inteviewer number
_2013_a13
aSupervisor number
_2013_c28
Does this establishment currently use cell phones for the operations of thi
_2013_ECAc31a1
Change in total costs if electricity no longer an obstacle
_2013_ECAc31a2
Expected % increase in total costs - electricity no obstacle
Total: 805
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