Coconut is an important oil crop that supports the livelihoods of the majority of coastal people in
Tanzania. Despite of the efforts made by the government of Tanzania in coconut sub-sector promotion,
little is known about the current production and factors affecting the production. Therefore this study
aims to assess the production of coconuts and factors affecting the production of coconut and to
advise suitable research and development areas in coconut sub-sector in Tanzania. A diagnostic
survey was conducted using a questionnaire, focus group discussion and interview of key informants.
Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Multiple Regression Model. Results showed that
palm population was 50 tree/ha which is below the recommended by 60.8%. Similarly the yield was low
as 847 compared to 1800 nuts/ha/year during the program. Fertilizer users were significantly higher
during the program period by 26.1% compared to 4% of the current users. Only 10.7% of the farmers
attempted to control pests compared to 78.7% during the program. About 36% of the farmers were
visited by extension officers compared to 96% during the program. Poor agronomical practices, inputs
supply and extension services were among the constraints for coconut production, hence it requires
special attention.