The study on assessment of factors affecting tree husbandry and woodlots establishment was carried
out between September and November 2014 in all seven districts of Kilimanjaro region,
namely Hai, Siha Rombo, Mwanga, Same, Moshi Rural and Moshi Municipal Council (MMC). A purposive
sampling design was employed whereby two wards per district were selected for the study.
Household questionnaire survey was used in data collection. Results show that, factors affecting
tree husbandry and woodlots establishment in Kilimanjaro region are gender, livelihood activities,
access and ownership/land tenure, cultural factors, legal issues and by-laws insisting people
to plant trees. About 32.4%, 32.4% and 30% of all respondents own land with size of 1.0 acre
and below, 1.1 - 2.0 and 2.1 - 5.0 acres respectively. Respondents from Hai (55.3%), Same (26.3%),
Rombo (11%) and MMC (8%) agreed that cultural issues affect tree husbandry. About 1%, 23%,
30% and 40.8% of respondents in Siha, Same, Hai and Rombo districts respectively agreed that
some of by-laws insist people to plant trees on their environments. None of the respondents from
any district reported labour availability to be one of the factors affecting tree husbandry. Other
factors reported to affect tree husbandry in Kilimanjaro region were capacity building in tree
planting and tending, insect pests, diseases and climate change. Formulation of by-laws which insist
on tree planting and limit land degradation is recommended at village level. Every piece of
land should be planned and used sustainably including area for tree planting. Custom and norms
which inhibit women to plant trees should be prohibited through capacity building.