We investigate Botswana’s beef export competitiveness using indices of Revealed
Comparative Advantage (RCA) and data for the period 1961-2011. Results indicate that
Botswana has been the most competitive SADC beef exporter, and that it has compared
well with the leading world beef exporters. However, the country has recorded declining
competitiveness since the mid 1970s. It is argued that, state trading export operations and
non-reciprocal trade preferences with the EU have enhanced competitiveness through
facilitating export market access. However, the single channel exportation arrangement,
through a loss-making state trader, is a potential threat to beef export competitiveness.
Further, recurrent outbreaks of cattle diseases and drought, and the rise in domestic
demand for beef (coupled with stagnant domestic supply) have adversely impacted beef
export competitiveness.