Objectives: To determine socio-demographic factors
associated with gender-based violence (GBV).
Design: A case control study was conducted at Ndola
Central Hospital Casualty Department. The study was
conducted from December 2015 to July 2016. A sample
size of 85 cases and 85 controls was calculatedafter a pilot
study of 30 cases and 30 controls was conducted. Out of
the pilot study 60% of people who drink alcohol reported
that they experienced GBV- physical assault while 27.6%
of people who drink alcohol reported that they did not
experience GBV- physical assault. Based on these
outcomes the sample size was calculated using Stat. Calc
in Epi-Info version 7 with the power at 80%.
Main outcomes: From the adjusted odds ratio alcohol
drinking increases the likelihood of GBV- physical
assault by 2.25 times. Those living in high density areas
are 2.23 times more at risk of GBV physical assault.
Females are 2.27 times at risk of GBV physical assault
unlike males.
Measures: The dependant (outcome) variable is GBVphysical
assault. The independent (predictor) variables
are; alcohol abuse, income level, area of residence and
gender. These were chosen because these are some of the
risk factors of GBV-physical according to literature.
Results: Out of the 179 patients who participated in the
study, 93(52%) reported to have experienced GBVphysical
assault regardless of age. Morefemales
67(68.4%) experienced GBV physical assault than males
26(32.1%). More than 2/3 of those who reported alcohol
drinking 51(69.9%) experienced GBV-physical assault
and only 40(40.0%) among those who did not report the
outcome. Those from high density 82(56.9%) reported
having experienced more GBV physical assault
compared to 5(23.8%) of those from low density areas.
Conclusion: There is need for healthy life styles to be
encouraged such as control of alcohol consumption in
order to reduce GBV – physical assault due to alcohol
intake. Sensitization campaigns and educational
programmesought to be intensified in order to address
factors that make females more prone to GBV-physical
assault than males. Living in a high density area is a risk
factor of GBV- physical assault as compared to living in a
low density area. Therefore more sensitization
programmes should be put in place at a societal level to
reduce GBV – physical assault in such communities.