This paper was an attempt to reveal the less known roles of socio-economic incentives towards influencing
environmental conservation of rehabilitated rural areas of Kondoa. The cross-sectional research design was
employed. Simple random sampling technique was used to select 30 respondents from each of the four study
villages and make a total of 120 respondent households. The study was conducted in Mafai, Ntomoko, KalambaJuu
and Kalamba-Chini villages. Data were collected using pre-tested and pilot-tested questionnaires, focus group
discussions and interviews. Ms-Excel and SPSS 20.0 computer software were used to analyze data. Descriptive
statistics were employed to reveal various parameters in the study. Binary logistic regression analysis was further
employed to reveal statistically significant socio-economic incentives towards sustainable environmental conservation
in KRA. The study findings revealed the available five socio-economic incentives namely tree seedlings, fertilizer,
improved seeds, beekeeping inputs and education programs. The binary logistic regression analysis further revealed
tree seedlings (P<0.01), and education programs (P<0.05) as statistically significant socio-economic incentives in
influencing the awareness of environmental conservation in KRA. The study findings further revealed roles of socioeconomic
incentives in influencing the awareness of environmental conservation such as afforestation, reduce
drought, supportive source of energy, improve yield, increase income, improve food security, control human activities
and increase awareness on sustainable environmental conservation in KRA. The study concludes that socioeconomic
incentives can significantly contribute to the restoration of forest loss and fragmentation hence leading
to sustainable conservation of the biodiversity. The study recommends for the conservationists, environmentalists
and policy makers to make use of the available five socio-economic incentives namely tree seedlings, fertilizer,
improved seeds, beekeeping inputs and education programs in the course of implementing effective environmental
conservation measures. However the study sought a high need of highly integrating tree seedlings and education
programs in all sustainably practiced environmental conservation initiatives.