Breast milk provides the essential nutrients for infants less than six months of age and in addition to complementary foods, meets their nutritional needs in early childhood. Even though breastfeeding has been promoted severally, its practice has remained poor in many sub-Saharan African countries including Nigeria. This study therefore assessed the breastfeeding practices and associated factors among mothers of children less than two years of age in Sagamu, Nigeria. A cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out among 264 mothers of children less than two years of age, in Sagamu Township, Ogun State, Nigeria, selected via multi-stage sampling. Data was collected using validated semi-structured, interviewer-administered questionnaires and analyzed using SPSS Version 18. The modal age group of respondents was 30 - 39years; 96.2% were married and 42.4% were traders. All respondents breastfed their children, but only 56.1% practiced exclusive breastfeeding. About 25% were pressurized by relatives to stop exclusive breastfeeding. Respondents’ educational status (p<0.001), a feeling that breastfeeding had maternal benefits (p=0.044), feeling of protection against ovarian cancer (p=0.030) and nipple retraction (p=0.015) were associated with the practice of exclusive breastfeeding. Reasons for not breastfeeding exclusively include: breast pain; a difficult work schedule, poor partner support and perceived weight loss. The breastfeeding practices of respondents were fair.. Mothers’ perception of breastfeeding benefits was associated with their practice. Adequate education of mothers and their partners will go a long way in enhancing optimal breastfeeding practices.