From the sociological point of view, the family is a special social institution. Because the
family performs vital functions for the survival and development of society. One of the most
important functions of the family is reproductive function. It can be said that there are no
social institutions could undertake this function of family officially except for institution of
the family. Based on the result of census in recent years, the article analyzes some aspects of
the implementation of reproductive function in Vietnamese families. Specifically, Vietnamese
households’ fertility rate have substantially declined and reached the sub-replacement fertility
rate over the past years. The fertility rate in rural areas decreases faster than in urban area, but
it is still higher. The proportion of women having a third child decreases yearly. However, in
some geographic regions, this rate tends to increase. The abortion rate in Vietnam has been
likely to rise for recent years. In rural area, this rate is a bit higher than in urban one. Young
age groups’ abortion rate is relatively high and often higher than older age groups. The
abortion of people at low education level is relatively high. The Northwest had the highest
abortion rate, the lowest rate belonged to the South Central Coast. The highest abortion rate is
of couples with 1 or 2 alive children. The most widely used contraceptive method in Vietnam
is intrauterine device (IUDs). The next are methods of menstrual cycle and using condoms.
Other methods as male or female sterilization, withdrawal are less chosen by couples. The
age using contraceptive methods is likely to increase and women at the age of 35 - 39 reach
the top rate, then this rate has the declining trend when women get much older. Education
level is always considered as one of the factors affecting individuals’ behavior. Couples’
current number of children affects the choice of contraceptive methods, as well.