Background
Global phenomena such as urbanization and individual traits such as health literacy
affect people’s exposure and vulnerability to cardiovascular risk factors. Nepal, a lowincome
South Asian country undergoing epidemiological transition, has limited data
and understanding of cardiovascular health issues, particularly regarding
cardiovascular health literacy, perception and practice on the community level.
Aims
This Thesis investigated issues of cardiovascular health from a population perspective.
Specifically, it first aimed to establish a Health Demographic Surveillance Site in a
peri-urban Nepalese setting; then, assess knowledge, attitude, and practice
(KAP)/behavior regarding cardiovascular risk factors, manifestations, and
preventability; understand behavioral and life-style risk factors such as physical
activity and diet in terms of their sociodemographic correlates; and finally, explore the
perceptions of cardiovascular health and disease among those already affected.
Methods
A health demographic surveillance site was established in Jhaukhel and Duwakot, two
peri-urban villages near Kathmandu. A mixed methods research approach was then
used. Quantitative studies assessed cardiovascular health literacy, knowledge and
attitude in a sample population. Cardiovascular health behaviour, particularly physical
inactivity and fruit and vegetable intake, were studied. Additionally, a qualitative study
to explore perceptions and experiences of patients with cardiometabolic diseases was
conducted.