For all nations, human resource development is crucial for success,
particularly in the present era of globalization and international integration. Vietnam is
experiencing a prominent increase in the proportion of people of working ages,
characterized by the lowest ratio of working ages to dependent population. This
advantage, known as the “demographic dividend” (or “demographic bonus”), is a great
potential for the country’s socio-economic development. However, “demographic
dividend” may become a social burden if education, training and employment for
young manpower are not adequately provided.
The paper pointed out that Vietnam’s human capital is of a great potential but the
current death of professional skills and low quality of labour has hindered the
country’s opportunities which have brought about by the favourable age structure and
abundant supply of labour. After examining and analyzing different challenges
regarding the low quality of the human resources, the paper made policy
recommendations and suggested necessary measures for restructuring the human
resources of Vietnam in line of the Government’s efforts in restructuring the economy
to overcome obstacles and meet the target of sustainable development.