In this article, we analyze empirically the factors that make an impact on the decision of using maternity health assistance in Colombia for the year 2010. We estimate a logistic-binomial model to explain to the women the importance of their attendance to prenatal control and of medical assistance during labor using a sub-sample of the 2010 National Survey on Demography and Health. Among the variables considered are the woman S age, the number of children, the household's purchasing power, the educational level of the woman and her spouse, some dimensions of feminine autonomy and others. The results indicate that the educational level, the region where they live and the woman's participation in the decisions regarding her health and the use of contraceptives, are the variables that had the strongest impact on the probability of them using maternity services.