The inequality in the sphere of health is shown in indicators: life expectancy, the perceived
level of the health, expenses on health care, medical insurance, suicides which
have to be considered in cuts of gender and age, social and demographic, financial and
material, imperious and status groups from the highest to the lowest classes. The analysis
of these indicators has scientific value in comparison of a set of the countries in long
periods. Strong economic growth is a necessary condition for financing of redistribution
measures in the health sphere and the income strengthening in the lower part social striations
of public distribution. For example, higher expenses on health care per capita, as
a rule, is associated from higher remaining life expectancy at the birth. However now
the main reason for the proceeding discussion about an inequality is in the sphere of
health that fight against poverty and an inequality are interfaced to difficulties when
economic growth is weak. In economic sociology the specified problem found reflection
in Weber's works in his concept unequal "vital chances"; a phenomenon of the uneven
distribution of advantages designated by Merton as Matfey's effect; in Sztompka's
terminology as emergence of strong elite privileges hierarchy and deprivations poor
concerning access to the desirable benefits and values, including health. The article assesses
the dynamics of health expenditure for all sources of their funding as an investment
in human capital over the period 1995-2013 the data of the comparative analysis
of expenditures for these purposes in Russia and other countries. The article considers
the questions of efficiency of functioning of the health system, the differentiation of the
population on the availability and quality of health services.