Interest in the epidemiology of TB was triggered by the re-emergence of tuberculosis in the
early 1990’s with the advent of HIV and falling economic status of many people which
subjected them to poverty. The dual lethal combination of HIV and poverty triggered an
unprecedented TB epidemic. In this study, we focused on the period 2000-2013 and all the
notified data in Kenya was included. Data on estimates of TB incidence, prevalence and
mortality was extracted from the WHO global Tuberculosis database. Data was analysed to
produce trends for each of the years and descriptive statistics were calculated. The results
showed that there was an average decline of 5% over the last 8 years with the highest
decline being reported in the year 2012/13. TB continues to disproportionately affect the
male gender with 58% being male and 42% being female. Kenya has made significant efforts
to address the burden of HIV among TB patients with cotrimoxazole preventive therapy
(CPT) uptake reaching 98% and ART at 74% by the end of 2013. Kenya’s TB epidemic has
evolved over time and it has been characterised by a period where there was increase in the
TB cases reaching a peak in the year 2007 after which there was a decline which began to
accelerate in the year 2011. The gains in the decline of TB could be attributed in part to the
outcomes of integrating TB and HIV services and these gains should be sustained. What is
equally notable is the clear epidemiologic shift in age indicating reduced transmission in the
younger age groups.