This study presents a starting point in examining the issue of poverty in Russia as related to social strata. Since the Soviet Union’s breakdown Russian Federation has undergone its own unique political, social, and economic transition process. So, to learn by experience all pros and cons of almost quarter of a century old Russian transition economy outcome very important is scholar's engaging in research to introduce stratums of the population in aspect of the economic inequalities. Mainly, the term «inequality» means that people have unequal access to scarce and valued resources in society which might be economic or political. Because, the stratification might refer to the hierarchical arrangement of people in a society both on economic and on sociologic points of view. Inequality and social classes became important analytical concepts for explaining and solving the problems of Russian society after the 1990s. In order to find the ways out from the existing problems first needed to define socioeconomic status and social class in Russia. But in the time of global economics new challenges appear and they set new standards for sustainable development and eradication of poverty.