Disorders of bones and joints are the most common cause of severe long-term pain and disability around the world yet receive inadequate attention in many countries. Bone/joint health is absent from current health policy and the primary prevention/health promotion agenda in Maldives and diagnostic and curative infrastructure is very limited. In 2004, tentative evidence emerged indicating that degenerative bone and joint conditions may impose a large burden on community health. A study was undertaken amongst a representative community sample of women aged 15–50 to further investigate the issue. One third reported bone/joint problems; very high proportions manifested a range of osteoporosis risk factors, and sizeable numbers appear to be at elevated risk of osteoarthritis. Bone/joint health knowledge was very limited. The findings suggest strong potential for primary prevention on modifiable risk factors, need for research with other population groups, and development of screening and curative care.

Editors' Strategic Implications: The author provides important data on the burden of disorders of bones/joints on a “developing” community and presents recommendations for behavioral and educational prevention strategies that may prove useful across societies.