Nigeria loses about $750 million annually to the depletion of its 350 000 hectares of land by direct human activities
and climate change. Consequently, the Sahara Desert has been moving southwards by 600 metres annually. 10 000
farming families have already been forced to move off the degraded land that has become barren. In the light of this,
this study examined climate mitigation activities and determinants in Nigeria. Specifically, the study examined
climate change knowledge/perception, cost implications and mitigation practices of rural households as well as
factors responsible for the level of mitigation activities. 120 household respondents were selected across 8
communities in the Guinea Savannah of Kwara State, Nigeria. Study analytical tools used were descriptive
statistics, principal component and Tobit analysis. Results showed that households perceived the effects of
increased temperatures, reduced rainfall, desertification, flooding and increased crop pest and disease infestations.
Crop harvest losses due to changing climate were large and worrisome. Principal component analysis PCA results
implied that prevalent practices undertaken to combat climate change were crude and non-radical. These activities
were inorganic and organic fertilizers use, mulching, bush fallow and crude agro-forestry practices. Factors
determining the extent of mitigation activities were found to include educational status, type of farming activities
and farm size. The study therefore calls for radical efforts at educating the rural masses on climate change
devastations and the need for mitigating climate change, use of early maturing crop varieties. Green zone/forest
should be developed while tree planting and afforestation should be encouraged and possibly enforced.