Occurrence of extended-ß-lactamase producing enterobacteriaceae (ESBLPE), which has reduced the antibacterial
efficacy and potency of many 3rd generation cephalosporins, was investigated among the primary school pupils. 88 primary school
pupils in Obafemi-Owode Local Government , Southwestern Nigeria, including 49 males (55.7%) and 39 females (44.3%) (mean age
12 ± 3) were screened for ESBLPE isolates with exclusion criterion of antimicrobial use in the preceding 2 weeks either as therapy
for gastro-intestinal complication or prophylaxis. ESBLPE detected include 4.5% of Eschericia coli, 2.3% of Enterobacter cloaca,
0% Proteus mirabilis, 2.3% Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 1.1% Staphylococcus aureus and 4.5% of Klebsiella oxytoca. 10 (76.9%) of
ESBLPE isolates were resistant to disc of cefuroxime (30 µg), 8 (61.5%) susceptible to amoxicillin/clavulanic (20/10 µg) and low
susceptibility of 7 (53.8%) was recorded for ceftazidime (30 µg). 0% susceptibility was recorded for the ESBLPE isolates to
cefuroxime MIC > 8 µg/mL and ampicillin MIC > 8 µg/ mL while E. coli and E. cloca each show 50.0% and P. aeruginosa and K.
oxytoca show 100.0% and 75.0% susceptibility to augmentin (MIC = 8). This study has shown a 14.7% proportion of the pupil to
harbour ESBLPE from enteric source with increased resistant to most new generation cefuroximes. Therefore, transfer of virulent
and antibiotic resistant ESBLPE could be aided by sharing feeding materials while fecal-oral route of transmission cannot be ruled
out as hygiene level is very low thereby increasing emergence of virulent resistant enteric strains leading to treatment failure.