This article examines the current state of tension in the Niger Delta of
Nigeria. It locates the current unrest in the continued denial of economic,
social and cultural rights to the oil-rich communities in the area. The author
argues that this denial happened with the complicity and acquiescence of
the international community. The Nigerian government as well as multinational
corporations operating in the area have not been responsive to
the development needs of the people. The article argues that, although the
primary obligation for realising the economic, social and cultural rights of host communities rests on the government, multi-national corporations in
developing countries, considering their awesome resources and influence
on government policies, should be similarly obligated to respect, promote
and protect those rights.