w: In both countries, a desk-based appraisal of key documents was undertaken to collect data on all three dimensions of sustainability. Midterm and annual review reports, interim working reports, independent study reports, program documents, and local publications were assembled and reviewed for their content in relation to sustainability perspectives. The Kenya Service Provision Assessment (KSPA) was reviewed for quantitative data that reflect the 3 scale of MIP, including the availability, accessibility, and coverage of MIP services across Kenya. The Kenya Demographic and Health Survey 2003 (CBS, MOH, and ORC Macro 2004) was also reviewed to assess the extent to which pregnant women in Kenya have adopted IPT and ITN practices in general. For Malawi, the Demographic and Health Survey 2000 (National Statistical Office and ORC Macro 2000) was reviewed for baseline assessment of the scale of MIP. A number of publications on the successes of MIP initiatives were reviewed to decipher the sustainability and scale-up factors. In particular, the report by the MOH National Malaria Survey (MOH 2004c) provided vital information