These survey results mainly provide data on the main characteristics of employed and unemployed, that is, the work force engaged or available to be engaged in the production of economic goods and services and its distribution in the various sectors of the economy during a given reference period. To capture child labour data, the former minimum age limit 10 years was lowered down to 5 years during the survey periods May 2009 and May 2010. Therefore, the data in these surveys was collected from those persons aged five years and over. However, for the purpose of measuring the economic activity status based on Ethiopian situation the lower age limit was fixed at ten years. This is because children in rural and urban areas used to work at their early age such as collection of fire wood, looking after cattle, shoe shiner, street vendor, petty trader…etc. Therefore, the May 2010 Urban Employment and Unemployment Survey statistical report is mainly aimed at providing information on the economic characteristics of the population aged ten years and over. Ethiopia being among the African countries with relatively fast growing population coupled with developing economies, the proper management and efficient utilization of its work force is essential. In this respect, the capacity of the economy in absorbing the potential labour force needs to be monitored regularly, and appropriate employment policy should consequently be adopted. Thus, the level of employment and unemployment of the country is widely used as overall indicators in evaluating the current performance of the economy. The analysis of the employment status is therefore essential both in tackling present difficulties and foreseeing future changes. For this purpose, in this analytical report, the following key indicators such as activity rate, employment to population ratio, unemployment rate, the percentage share of informal sector..,etc., are included. Furthermore, to show the trends of labour force situations, the comparison of May 2010 survey results was made to that of the previous survey results.