This paper discusses electoral participation in Chile within a rational choice approach. I discuss turnout in Chile after the democratic restoration of 1990. I show that institutional constrains negatively affect enfranchisement and turnout. However, institutional constrains alone cannot explain the significant downward trend in turnout observed in the country since 1990. Instead, institutional constrains explain the growing number of Chileans who are not registered to vote, those who are not enfranchised. The electoral legislation adopted in 1989 creates additiona incentives for people to abstain from registering to vote. I test some alternative models that explain turnout and find that none is a good predictor of turnout. Finally, I discuss how higher turnout affects the parties of the left and reports that contrary to what happened before 1973, higher turnout rates do not significantly favor the electoral strength of all leftist parties in Chile.