Hundreds of settlements, agricultural lands, roads, oil and gas pipelines’ routes, towers of high
voltage transmission lines, hydro-technical-meliorative objects, mountain resorts, etc. are periodically
experiencing strong influence of landslide-gravitational and debris flow/mudflow processes
(often with catastrophic results). Almost all landscape-geographic zones—from Black Sea coastal
region, to mountainous-nival, where geo-ecological situation is severely complicated, are located
in dangerous area of disaster. Negative social-economic, demographic and ecological consequences
caused by debris flow/mudflows and landslide-gravitational processes, are seen in all spheres of
human activity. In mountainous regions there is especially complicated situation, where in conditions
of extreme activation of disaster, in many cases population displacement and transfer to
other regions is needed. Because of it, in second half of 20th century, tens of villages in mountainous
regions were desolated and agricultural lands were abandoned. Most alarming scenario is that
such events are accompanied by loss of human lives. Only after 1995 up until now geological and
geo-morphological processes in Georgia caused loss of lives of more than 139 persons. Even in
conditions of routine activation of disaster, total economical damages reach tens of millions of
dollars, and in case of extreme development—hundreds of millions.