We explore a novel first order dominance (FOD) approach to poverty mapping and
compare its properties to small area estimation. The FOD approach uses census data directly; is
straightforward to implement; is multidimensional allowing for a broad conception of welfare;
and accounts rigorously for welfare distributions in both levels and trends. An application to
Mozambique highlights the value of the approach, including its advantages in the monitoring and
evaluation of public expenditures. We conclude that the FOD approach to poverty mapping
constitutes a useful addition to the toolkit of policy analysts