This study sought to explore the relationship between anemia in children and levels of five minerals in blood. A sample consisted of 242 normal and 304 anemic children paired by sex and age. Hematological parameters were assessed using the Sysmex xs-800i hematology analyzer. Levels of zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), magnesium (Mg), and calcium (Ca) were measured by polarographic analysis. Differences in these elements between the anemic and normal groups were compared by ANOVA. Relationships between Ca, Zn, Fe, Cu, Mg, and Hb levels were tested by Pearson’s correlation analysis. The Mg level (1.51?±?0.30 mmol/L) of the moderately anemic group (=90 g/L) was significantly higher than that (1.36?±?0.30 mmol/L) of the mildly anemic (90 g/L =Hb <110 g/L) and normal groups (1.31?±?0.30 mmol/L) (p?1.57 mmol/L) was higher than that (5.3 %) of the lower Mg group (Mg =1.57 mmol/L) (p?78.4 umol/L) (p?