Summary : The objective of this study is to analyse the relationship between poverty and child mortality in Haiti using the 2000 Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) – Haiti. Based on maximum likelihood estimates, the results show the following conclusions. Firstly, education of both mothers and their partners/husbands has a positive and significant impact on child mortality. Secondly, the age of the mother, starting at 35 years, induced an increase in child mortality with a threshold. Thirdly, poor living conditions increase child mortality. Fourthly, regardless of residency, the poor has the lowest payment power to have access to healthcare services for children. Thus, given public investment in the health sector is low, poor households use a higher share of their resources to care for their children. However, in the short run, in the zones where poverty is endemic, the possibilities of direct payment or insurance cover are low. Therefore, it is important to integrate the health financing in the fight against poverty by a better orientation of the public policies. So, it is advisable to privilege the exemption from payment of the short-term care and their long-term financing by generating incomes. From this point of view, it is desirable that this orientation falls under a logic of effectiveness and social justice, i.e. by improving efficiency of the Haitian system of health while satisfying the requirements of equity.