There is an overwhelming number of working and non-working poor in India who are subject to multiple deprivations and this is the root cause of social insecurity. This article provides an overview as well as performance of existing safety net measures in India and concludes that either the coverage and quantum of benefits under ongoing social security schemes are very low or these are not reaching the intended beneficiaries. Against this backdrop, this article suggests effective implementation of the Unorganised Workers Social Security Act, 2008.