Homestead Agroforestry is playing an important role for reversing the present trend of resource degradation and also promoting the biodiversity of Bangladesh. The major objectives of the study were to observe the socio-economic characteristics of the farmers in the study area and to explore the relationships among the selected characteristics of the farmers and plant species diversity. This study was conducted at Gopalpur Upazila of Tangail District, Bangladesh. To observe the tree diversity in the homestead area and explore the farmer characteristics with the homestead Agroforestry. Face to face interview was used to collect the data with the help of structures during the period from 01 August to 31 October 2012. Pearson’s correlation was also used to find out the relationship between the farmer characteristics and plant species diversity. The result demonstrated that a total of 133 species, 36 vegetables species, 15 Agroforesry practices and 5 different vertical layers were recorded in the homestead of the study area. Out of different categories of tree species, 68 timber, 28 fruits and 35 medicinal trees were recorded. Among the trees species, Mango, Jackfruit, Akashmony, Mahogony, Eucalyptus, and Papaya were dominant species. Average of 27 plant species were recorded in each homestead and species density was 2.27 per 50m2 in the homestead area. Average tree population density was 67.6 per homestead and tree population density was 5.92 per 50m2 in the homestead area. Regarding to different Agroforestry practices, a total of 15 different combinations were observed in the study area. Among the agroforestry practices, Banana-Turmeric, Eucalyptus-Sissoo-Bottle gourd–Raddish, Jackfruit-Bottle gourd, Eucalyptus-Raddsih, Bean-Banana-Jackfruit, Bean-Mango were the dominant practices in the study area and others practices were found sporadically. In this study total five vertical layers were identified that are represented as S1 (> 1m), S2 (2.0-3.00), S3 (3.0-5.0), S4 (5.0-7.0), S5 (> 7m). In case of farmer characteristics education, family size, farm size, homestead size, cultivable land size and annual income showed significant positive relationships with the diversity to tree species while no such relationship was observed with age. The result concludes that homestead Agroforestry is a unique area for maintaining both plat diversity and productivity; however, farmers’ socio-economic characteristics are considered as a main factor for presenting such biodiversity in the homestead area of Bangladesh.