Health program evaluations typically are concerned with either mortality or nutritional status as an outcome variable. Health interventions can affect both child survival and nutritional status, therefore an impact evaluation should consider both outcomes. If these are to be considered simultaneously, the question is how to combine counts of dead with observations on the living children into a unified index of health status of a population, since the use of either mortality or nutritional status alone may give a misleading result. The purposes of the present study are as follows: first, to determine minimum indicator(s) that can be used to describe the impact of child survival interventions using survey data; second, to assess the relative contribution of child survival interventions and other competing factors affecting health. In 1988, we conducted a cluster survey that used a complex design and interviewed 8054 out of 184,129 households from Timor, Indonesia. A total of 22,440 births were reported to occur among 5,974 married women aged 15 to 49 years. Out of children ever born, 5,292 were born during the last five years, and of these, 282 children were reported to have died. Only 4715 of these children are finally used for the assessment of the index of health status. These had data on nutritional status (anthropometry), child survival interventions (i.e., growth monitoring, oral rehydration therapy, immunization status, antenatal care, and contraceptive use), and socioeconomic factors (i.e., maternal education, father’s occupation, availability of latrine, and total family income) are available.