The purpose of this study is to identify the intensity of the effects of various socio-economic and demographic factors on fertility in Bangladesh using nationally representative data from Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey (BDHS), 1999-2000. Multivariate technique such as path analysis has been used to find out the direct, indirect, joint and implied effects of the selected socio-economic and demographic factors on fertility. This study reveals that age at marriage, husbands approved family planning and duration of breast-feeding have significant direct negative effects on fertility while the contraceptive use and ideal number of children have significant positive effects on fertility. This study also shows that total effects of respondent's education and religion have negative effect on fertility.