India is the second largest concentration of tribal population in the World. Indian tribes constitute around 8.3
percent of nation’s total population. There are 635 tribes located in India. Present, health is a prerequisite for
human development and is an essential component for the well being of the mankind. India is characterized
by the presence of a large number of endogamous castes, tribes and religious communities with several types
of marriage practices and the age at which the girl gets married will depended on social values. Tribal people
are known to have sexual practices that differ from those of mainstream cultures and a high prevalence of HIV
and AIDS have been reported. Lack of data is a constraint when it comes to tracking the health indicators of
the tribal population. Tribal communities in general and primitive groups in particular are highly disease
prone. Maternal malnutrition which is quite common among the tribal women is also a serious problem,
especially for those having quite a few pregnancies too closely spaced, and reflected the complex socioeconomic
factors that affects their overall situation. Hence, there is an urgency of comprehensive health
research among the tribal populations of India.