The purpose of this paper is to estimate the level of consumption of food and of nutrients for the Indonesian population; to identify population groups with nutrient deficiencies; to identify the major sources of different nutrients; and to estimate income and price elasticities of demand for both foods and nutrients. The data source used is the National Socioeconomic Survey for 1978 (SUSENAS 1978) which included information on the quantities of, and expenditures on, about 120 food items consumed. Estimates of food and nutrient consumption of different population groups are given, with breakdowns by household expenditure class, region and area of residence. The proportion of the population with deficiencies in different nutrients is estimated by comparing each sample household's food consumption and the implied nutrient consumption against the household's own requirements, given the age composition of its members. The conclusion is that there are serious deficiencies in all nutrients in Indonesia and that the problem is more one of maldistribution than of an overall shortfall in the availability of foods. The problem is generally more serious in Java than in the Outer Islands, and affects the poorer households more severely than better-off households. In examining the sources of the various nutrients, the importance of rice as a contributor of most nutrients is striking. The estimation of income and price elasticities of demand for food and nutrients is based on a household utility-maximization model from which the household's demand for food and hence nutrients is derived. For estimation purposes the double-logarithmic function is used, with quantities of food, calories and nutrients as dependent variables.