Objective: Determine the effectiveness of the educational program about increasing knowledge about prevention of iron deficiency anemia in caregivers of children 12 - 36 months old, who attend the program "Sala de Educación Temprana," located in Lima - Cercado. Methods: The study was quantitative approach, application level, quasi-experimental method is a single design and cross cutting. The population consisted of 30 caregivers' “SET” of shopping centers Progreso, Villa Maria y Polvos Azules. The technique used was the interview and the instrument a questionnaire, which was submitted to expert judgment applied before and after the implementation of the educational program. Results: 100% (30) of the caregivers, prior to application of the educational program, 57% (17) know about the prevention of iron deficiency anemia. While following the implementation of the educational program 100% (30) caregivers, evidenced more knowledge about prevention of iron deficiency anemia. Conclusions: The educational program about prevention of iron deficiency anemia was effective increasing knowledge of caregivers after implementation of the educational program, which was demonstrated by the Student t test, yielding a t calc 12.4, with a significance level a: 0.05, so the hypothesis was accepted and verified study the effectiveness of the educational program. Before implementation of the educational program are most knew about the importance of eating foods rich in iron, while the aspects that most were unaware: The signs and symptoms of iron deficiency anemia, plant foods that provide the largest amount of iron, the consequences of iron deficiency anemia. After implementation of the educational program, all caregivers know about the mistaken beliefs of anemia, as well as, most caregivers know about the consequences of anemia, foods that decrease the absorption of iron in foods.