Moroccan population has known a growing demographic trend. However, beyond the global tendency, reproductive health remains characterised by inequalities and disparities between urban and rural, rich and poor, developed and deprived regions.In this study, we relied mainly on data and statistics provided by the last five censuses, the four Demographic Health Surveys, Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys, reports of international bodies and publications dealing mainly with health and development in the Arab World. During the last decades, fertility declined due to different parameters. Infant mortality decreased and should reach the corresponding Millennium Development Goal whereas maternal mortality has stayed nearly constant. The achievements accomplished in reproductive health remain insufficient. Family planning and contraception policies need to reach more women; and antenatal and postnatal care should be enhanced especially towards poor women living in rural areas and deprived regions.