The primary aim of this paper is to analyze the status of age - sex composition of current population of Nepal on the basis of urban/rural area, ecological belt and development zone. It a lso trie s to compare the demographic indicators of current population with previous censuses. Data are taken from National Population and Housing Census 2011 and Statistical Year Book Nepal 2011. This study finds that the age dependency ratio and child - women rati o are 67.17 and 393.89 respectively in the current population in the country. Similarly, the median age and sex ratio are 21.76 year and 94.16 respectively. This study expects that the findings of this paper may facilitate the planners and decision makers to formulate the population policies and programs for the nation.