This paper evaluates the impact of the Mutual Health Insurance Scheme in Rwanda on health care utilzation, out-of-pocket expenses and health outcomes. To do so, propensity score matching has ben employed. The findings sugest that being a member of the MHI increases utilzation of health care services acros insured individuals, an outcome that does not necesarily imply moral hazard but an increase in the aces of the basic health care services. Insurance coverage sems to protect financialy the insured members from catastrophic health expenditures and helps improve health status of the population.