It is really hard to define development as it is often value-loaded, relative and subjective in understanding. Its dynamics concerns with the well-being of people, their quality of life and their rights to development. The term ‘Rural development’ (hereafter RD) is used here as a subset of the broader term ‘development’. It connotes an overall development of rural areas through enhancement of the living standard and promotion of sustainable livelihoods for its people. Singh (2012) conceptualized RD as an integrated process of a phenomenon, a strategy and a discipline that includes different institutions, networks and factors (p. 3). In global discourse, RD has been interpreted in different perspectives and approaches(Chambers 1983; Ghandhi 1997; Griffin 1977; Lipton 2005; Schulz 1964; Todaro and Smith, 2009). The practice and methods of RD are highly contested because of multiple issues and changing paradigms (Ballard et al 2005; Bebbington 2010), and Nepal seems no exception of this (Manandhar 2011; Sapkota 2014). In this context, this chapter highlights some of the major debates and issues in rural development form the viewpoints of ethnic movements.