Using data from the 2000 Iran Demographic and Health Survey, and a unique village-level data set, this study examines the effect of family planning program on fertility in rural Iran. My Findings confirm that the program
succeeded in reducing the relative risk of higher order births. However, there is no clear evidence for the effect of the family planning program on delaying the first birth. The modest effect of the program suggests that non-program factors such as woman's education which show sizable impact should be credited for the fertility decline.